CN109845547B - Garden pest monitoring method and large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device - Google Patents
Garden pest monitoring method and large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109845547B CN109845547B CN201811519155.0A CN201811519155A CN109845547B CN 109845547 B CN109845547 B CN 109845547B CN 201811519155 A CN201811519155 A CN 201811519155A CN 109845547 B CN109845547 B CN 109845547B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of garden plant protection, and discloses a garden pest monitoring method and a large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device. Different attractants are adopted among the monitoring boxes to realize the classification treatment of various pests; and the storage battery is used for supplying power to the full-color LED lamp and the isolation net, so that the aims of trapping pests and killing the pests by using an electric mode are fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garden plant protection, in particular to a garden pest monitoring method and a large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device.
Background
The ecological garden inherits and develops the experience of the traditional garden, follows the ecological principle, builds multilayer, multi-structure, multifunctional and scientific plant communities, establishes a new order of connection of human beings, animals and plants, and achieves ecological beauty, scientific beauty, cultural beauty and artistic beauty. Due to the definite plant configuration of garden plants, the garden plants are often fragile and unstable in a garden ecological system caused by simple structures, are easily damaged by various plant diseases and insect pests, are easy to cause disasters, and have serious influence on garden plants and landscapes.
At present, no effective equipment or device is used for monitoring and controlling garden pests in all weather in urban gardens, and a method for preventing and controlling the garden pests by using medicaments is still adopted, so that the medicament prevention and control often causes serious pesticide residue and environmental pollution, and the construction of urban ecological environment is seriously hindered. Therefore, a garden pest monitoring method and a large vertical garden pest monitoring device are needed to monitor the population number of pests and kill the pests in time so as to avoid outbreak of pests.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a garden pest monitoring method, which can monitor the population number of pests, kill the pests in time and avoid outbreak of pests.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a garden pest monitoring method comprises the following steps:
a. selecting a sample prescription: dividing the garden into more than 5 sample areas according to the shape and the area of the garden, and installing a large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device in each sample area;
b. debugging the device: dividing monitoring units of the large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device according to pest species, and adding an attractant capable of attracting the pests into each unit;
c. primary trapping: coating the pigment on a large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device, slowly releasing the attractant for 0.5 to 1.5 hours, attracting pests to stay on the large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device so that the pigment is stained on the pests, and stopping releasing the attractant after photographing and recording the number n1 of the pests;
e. secondary trapping: after a plurality of days after the primary trapping, slowly releasing the attractant again, wherein the time points and the time lengths of the two slow releases are the same, photographing and recording the number n2 of the pests, and calculating the number n3 of the pests with the pigment during the primary trapping;
f. and (4) calculating the quantity: setting the total number of the pests in each sample area to be N, then N = N1 × N2/N3, and calculating and recording the average value of the total number of the pests in all the sample areas;
g. generating a model: repeating the steps a-f, generating a pest number increasing curve by taking the day as a time axis, calculating the pest number increasing rate S, wherein S is the slope of a tangent line of each point on the increasing curve, setting the maximum number of the pests contained in the garden as M, and killing the pests by using the large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device when S is more than or equal to 0.5M so as to control the pest number.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize attractant attraction pest to stay on large-scale vertical gardens pest monitoring device, rethread pigment is carried out the mark to the pest, can calculate the pest total number according to the occupation of ratio of mark pest among the pest of traping for the second time, rethread data processing and the calculation of model calculate the growth rate of pest to in time kill the pest when the growth rate is too big, with this realization to the control of pest quantity, the population quantity of control pest, avoid outbreak pest.
The invention is further configured to further include a step h of correcting the curve: in the step e, after the number n3 of the pests is recorded, coating another color of pigment on the large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device, and re-marking the secondarily trapped pests, wherein the original n2 is changed into new n 1; and when the pest is trapped next time, recording the number of the pests with the new color as new n3 and the total number as new n2, recalculating the average value of the total number of the pests in all the sample areas, and updating the growth curve and the growth rate S of the number of the pests.
By adopting the technical scheme, the data is continuously updated by using a repeated marking method, so that the contingency of the sample is eliminated, the accuracy of the estimation of the total number of the pests is improved, the pests are ensured to be treated in time, and the occurrence of the pests is avoided.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device which can monitor the population quantity of pests and kill the pests in time to avoid outbreak of pests.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a large-scale vertical gardens pest monitoring device, includes the support and fixes base on the support, it has a plurality of control boxes to pile up on the base, can dismantle between the control box and be connected with the bracing piece, be fixed with the release tube that is used for slowly-releasing attractant between the control box, supply the separation net that the pest stops, be used for the camera of shooing and be used for fixing the pin of camera, install the wireless transmitting module who is used for transmitting the image on the camera, still set up the storage cavity that is used for storing pigment on the control box, storage cavity bottom intercommunication has the confession pigment to flow to the discharge gate on the separation net, just release tube week side still is fixed with a plurality of full-color LED lamps, control box bottom still install into the separation net and the battery of full-color LED lamp power supply.
By adopting the technical scheme, the regions are divided by utilizing a plurality of monitoring boxes, and different attractants are added to realize the classification treatment of various pests; the full-color LED lamp is used for attracting photophobic pests, and a means for attracting the pests is added; the isolation net is convenient for pest retention and color marking; the camera is used for shooting pests so as to identify and count; the storage battery supplies power to the full-color LED lamp and the isolation net, so that the aims of trapping pests and killing the pests in an electric mode are fulfilled.
The invention is further arranged in such a way that a conical cover is fixed at the top of the isolation net, a butt joint port for accommodating the conical cover is formed at the bottom of the monitoring box, the top of the butt joint port is conical, and the center of the butt joint port is communicated with the discharge hole.
By adopting the technical scheme, the conical cover is arranged at the top of the isolation net, and the pigment is dispersed by the conical cover, so that the pigment is uniformly distributed on the isolation net, and the pests are ensured to be marked smoothly.
The invention is further arranged in that the base and the monitoring box are provided with annular grooves for recovering the pigment flowing down from the isolation net, the bottoms of the annular grooves are inclined, the lowest part of the annular grooves is communicated with a recovery channel, and the recovery channel is communicated with the outside of the monitoring box.
By adopting the technical scheme, the pigment flows down along the separation net and finally flows into the annular groove, and enters the recovery channel from the lowest part of the bottom of the annular groove, so that the pigment is recovered, and the utilization rate of the pigment is improved.
The invention is further arranged in that an annular collecting net is placed in the annular groove, a first iron ring and a second iron ring are respectively fixed on two sides of the collecting net, the first iron ring is abutted against the upper surfaces of the monitoring box and the base, and a groove for clamping the second iron ring is formed in the inner wall of the annular groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize first iron ring and second iron ring to strut and collect the net to collect the corpse of pest, avoid the pest corpse to scatter and influence the environment in gardens.
The invention is further provided that the base and the monitoring box are fixed with bulges for supporting the slow release tube, the isolation net and the thin rod, and the bottoms of the bulges and the isolation net are in a circular truncated cone shape.
By adopting the technical scheme, the pigment flowing downwards is guided by the truncated cone-shaped protrusions and the separation net, so that the pigment is ensured to smoothly enter the annular groove, and the pigment is ensured to be smoothly recycled.
The invention is further provided that a high-frequency oscillation inverter transformer is arranged between the isolation network and the storage battery.
By adopting the technical scheme, the direct current of the storage battery is converted into the high-frequency alternating current by utilizing the high-frequency oscillation inverter transformer, so that the high voltage for killing pests is achieved, the pests are successfully killed, and the quantity of the pests is controlled.
The invention is further arranged in that the support comprises a sleeve, one end of the sleeve is fixed with the base, a moving rod is connected in the sleeve in a sliding mode, one end of the moving rod, far away from the base, is sharp, a rack is fixed at the other end of the moving rod, a knob is connected on the sleeve in a rotating mode, and a latch meshed with the rack is fixed on the knob.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the knob rotated, latch drive rack and carriage release lever removed to this adjustment carriage release lever stretches out telescopic distance, and the degree of depth that the sharp end of carriage release lever inserted in gardens soil comes promptly, thereby improves the stability of support, ensures the normal operating of device.
The invention is further provided that the side wall of the sleeve is provided with a clamping groove, a clamping block for limiting the rotation of the clamping tooth is inserted and matched in the clamping groove, and an elastic rope fixed with the side wall of the clamping groove penetrates through the clamping block.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize the elasticity rope to promote the fixture block and go deep into the draw-in groove, when the fixture block contradicts with the latch, the latch can't rotate, and the position of rack and carriage release lever can be fixed to ensure the steadiness of support.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the scheme, the regions are divided by a plurality of monitoring boxes, and different attractants are added to realize the classification treatment of various pests; the full-color LED lamp is used for attracting photophobic pests; the isolation net is convenient for pest retention and color marking; the camera is used for shooting so as to count; the storage battery supplies power to the full-color LED lamp and the isolation net, so that the aims of trapping pests and killing the pests in an electric mode are fulfilled;
2. the scheme utilizes the truncated cone-shaped bulges and the isolating net to guide the pigment flowing downwards, so that the pigment is ensured to smoothly enter the annular groove, and the pigment is ensured to be smoothly recovered;
3. this scheme utilization elasticity rope promotes the fixture block and goes deep into the draw-in groove, and when fixture block and latch were contradicted, the latch can't rotate, and the position of rack and carriage release lever can be fixed to improve the stability of support, ensure the normal operating of device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the stent in the example;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at B in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. a support; 11. a sleeve; 12. a travel bar; 13. a knob; 131. clamping teeth; 14. a rack; 15. a card slot; 16. a clamping block; 17. an elastic cord; 2. a base; 21. a slow release tube; 211. a full-color LED lamp; 22. a thin rod; 23. a camera; 24. an isolation net; 25. a conical cover; 3. a monitoring box; 31. a feed inlet; 32. a material storage cavity; 33. a discharge port; 34. an electromagnetic valve; 35. a butt joint port; 36. an annular groove; 361. a recovery channel; 362. a groove; 37. collecting a net; 371. a first iron ring; 372. a second iron ring; 38. a support bar; 381. a jack; 39. a protrusion; 41. a storage battery; 42. a high-frequency oscillation inverter transformer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, a large-scale vertical gardens pest monitoring device, includes support 1 and base 2, and base 2 is circular platelike structure, and support 1 has threely, is the triangle array type and fixes on base 2 lower surface. As shown in connection with fig. 2, the holder 1 comprises a sleeve 11 and a travel bar 12. The top of the sleeve 11 is fixed with the lower surface of the base 2, the moving rod 12 slides in the sleeve 11, and one end of the moving rod 12 far away from the base 2 is sharp so as to be inserted into the soil. A rack 14 is fixed at the other end of the moving rod 12, a knob 13 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 11, a ring of latch teeth 131 is fixed on the part of the knob 13 extending into the sleeve 11, and the latch teeth 131 are meshed with the rack 14. The side wall of the sleeve 11 is further provided with a clamping groove 15, a clamping block 16 is inserted into the clamping groove 15 in a matched mode, the end portion of the clamping block 16 is triangular and used for limiting the rotation of the clamping tooth 131, and an elastic rope 17 penetrates through the clamping block 16. The elastic rope 17 is made of rubber, has good elasticity, and two ends of the elastic rope are fixed with the side walls of the clamping groove 15. When the knob 13 is rotated, the latch 131 drives the rack 14 and the moving rod 12 to move, so as to adjust the distance that the moving rod 12 extends out of the sleeve 11; when the latch 16 interferes with the latch 131, the latch 131 cannot rotate, and the positions of the rack 14 and the moving rod 12 are fixed, thereby ensuring the stability of the stand 1.
As shown in fig. 1, a plurality of monitoring boxes 3 are stacked on the base 2, a supporting rod 38 is installed between the monitoring boxes 3, and the bottom of the supporting rod 38 is inserted into and matched with an insertion hole 381 (see fig. 4) formed on the upper surfaces of the base 2 and the monitoring boxes 3, so as to achieve the detachable connection between the monitoring boxes 3. Referring to fig. 3, a slow-release tube 21, a full-color LED lamp 211, a thin rod 22 and an isolation net 24 are installed between the monitoring boxes 3. The slow release pipe 21 is located at the center of the monitoring box 3, two ends of the slow release pipe are respectively butted against the surfaces of the upper monitoring box 3 and the lower monitoring box 3, and a plurality of small holes are formed in the slow release pipe and used for releasing attractant stored in the slow release pipe so as to attract pests. Full-color LED lamp 211 is fixed on the outer wall of slowly-releasing pipe 21, has the effect that multiple colour switches for attract the photic pest. The number of the thin rods 22 is multiple, the thin rods 22 are respectively surrounded on the periphery of the slow release pipe 21, three cameras 23 are mounted on each thin rod 22, and the cameras 23 are used for shooting pests staying on the isolation net 24. The camera 23 is further provided with a wireless transmission module for transmitting the shot image to a computer, a mobile phone and other equipment with a wireless receiving module, so that an operator can identify and record the number of pests. The isolation net 24 surrounds the outside of the slow release tube 21, the thin rod 22 is covered with the conical cover 25, and the isolation net 24 is made of copper metal and has good electrical conductivity.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a conical cover 25 is fixed on the top of the separation net 24, the conical cover 25 is conical, and the top of the conical cover 25 is butted with a butting port 35 arranged at the bottom of the monitoring box 3. Offer the storage cavity 32 that is used for storing pigment on the control box 3, storage cavity 32 top intercommunication has feed inlet 31, feed inlet 31 one end and the outside intercommunication of control box 3. The central position of the bottom of the storage cavity 32 is communicated with a material port, the material port 33 corresponds to the conical cover 25, and the electromagnetic valve 34 is installed at the material port 33 to control the flowing out of the pigment. The top of the butt joint port 35 is conical, the center of the butt joint port is communicated with the discharge port 33, when the pigment flows out from the discharge port 33, the pigment flows onto the conical cover 25 under the action of gravity, then the pigment is dispersed along the surface of the conical cover 25, and finally the pigment flows down along the separation net 24 to mark pests staying on the separation net 24.
The bottom of the monitoring box 3 is also fixed with a storage battery 41 and a high-frequency oscillation inverter transformer 42, and the storage battery 41 is used for supplying power to the full-color LED lamp 211 and the isolation network 24; the high-frequency oscillation inverter transformer 42 is used for converting the direct current of the storage battery 41 into high-frequency alternating current so as to achieve high voltage for killing pests, and when the number of pests is excessive, the combination of the storage battery 41 and the high-frequency oscillation inverter transformer 42 is used for electrifying the isolation net 24, so that the pests are successfully killed, and the number of the pests is controlled.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the monitoring box 3 is provided with an annular groove 36, the bottom of the annular groove 36 is inclined, the lowest part of the annular groove 36 is communicated with a recovery channel 361, and the recovery channel 361 is communicated with the outside of the monitoring box 3; the center of the monitoring box 3 is also fixed with a bulge 39, the bulge 39 is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the bottom of the isolation net 24 is bent into a circular truncated cone shape so as to be attached to the bulge 39. When the pigment flows down along the separation net 24 to the bottom of the separation net 24, the pigment flows into the annular groove 36 along the bottom slope of the separation net 24, collects in the annular groove 36, and is finally recovered through the recovery passage 361.
The annular groove 36 is also internally provided with a collecting net 37, the collecting net 37 is annular when being tiled, a first iron ring 371 and a second iron ring 372 are respectively fixed on two sides of the collecting net 37, and the diameter of the first iron ring 371 is larger than that of the second iron ring 372. The first iron ring 371 is placed on the upper surface of the monitoring box 3, and the second iron ring 372 is engaged with the groove 362 on the top of the inner wall of the annular groove 36, thereby fixing the collecting net 37. The collecting net 37 is used for killing pests by the isolation net 24 through mobile phones, so that operators can intensively treat the bodies of the pests.
A garden pest monitoring method comprises the following steps:
a. selecting a sample prescription: dividing the garden into more than 5 sample areas according to the shape and the area of the garden, and installing a large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device in each sample area;
b. debugging the device: dividing monitoring units of the large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device according to pest species, and adding an attractant capable of attracting the pests into each unit;
c. primary trapping: coating the pigment on a large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device, slowly releasing the attractant for 0.5 to 1.5 hours, attracting pests to stay on the large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device so that the pigment is stained on the pests, and stopping releasing the attractant after photographing and recording the number n1 of the pests;
e. secondary trapping: after a plurality of days after the primary trapping, slowly releasing the attractant again, wherein the time points and the time lengths of the two slow releases are the same, photographing and recording the number n2 of the pests, and calculating the number n3 of the pests with the pigment during the primary trapping;
f. and (4) calculating the quantity: setting the total number of the pests in each sample area to be N, then N = N1 × N2/N3, and calculating and recording the average value of the total number of the pests in all the sample areas;
g. generating a model: repeating the steps a-f, generating a pest number increasing curve by taking the day as a time axis, calculating the pest number increasing rate S, wherein S is the slope of a tangent line of each point on the increasing curve, setting the maximum number of the pests contained in the garden as M, and killing the pests by using the large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device when S is more than or equal to 0.5M so as to control the pest number;
h. and (3) correcting the curve: in the step e, after the number n3 of the pests is recorded, coating another color of pigment on the large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device, and re-marking the secondarily trapped pests, wherein the original n2 is changed into new n 1; and when the pest is trapped next time, recording the number of the pests with the new color as new n3 and the total number as new n2, recalculating the average value of the total number of the pests in all the sample areas, and updating the growth curve and the growth rate S of the number of the pests.
According to the scheme, the attractant is used for attracting pests to stay on the large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device, the pests are marked through the pigment, the total number of the pests can be calculated according to the occupation ratio of the marked pests in the secondarily trapped pests, the growth rate of the pests is calculated through data processing and model calculation, and the pests are killed in time when the growth rate is too large, so that the number of the pests is monitored, the population number of the pests is controlled, and outbreak of the pests is avoided.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a large-scale vertical gardens pest monitoring device, characterized by, include support (1) and fix base (2) on support (1), it has a plurality of control box (3) to pile up on base (2), can dismantle between control box (3) and be connected with bracing piece (38), be fixed with between control box (3) slow-release tube (21) that are used for the slowly-releasing attractant, supply isolation net (24) that the pest stayed, camera (23) that are used for shooing and be used for fixing slender pole (22) of camera (23), install the wireless transmitting module who is used for transmitting the image on camera (23), still offer storage cavity (32) that are used for storing pigment on control box (3), storage cavity (32) bottom intercommunication has the confession pigment to flow to discharge gate (33) on isolation net (24), just slow-release tube (21) week side still is fixed with a plurality of full-color LED lamps (211), and a storage battery (41) for supplying power to the isolation net (24) and the full-color LED lamp (211) is also arranged at the bottom of the monitoring box (3).
2. The large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a conical cover (25) is fixed to the top of the isolation net (24), a butt joint port (35) for accommodating the conical cover (25) is formed in the bottom of the monitoring box (3), the top of the butt joint port (35) is conical, and the center of the butt joint port is communicated with the discharge hole (33).
3. The large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the base (2) and the monitoring box (3) are provided with annular grooves (36) for recovering pigments flowing down the separation net (24), the bottoms of the annular grooves (36) are inclined, the lowest part of the annular grooves is communicated with a recovery channel (361), and the recovery channel (361) is communicated with the outside of the monitoring box (3).
4. The large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein an annular collecting net (37) is placed in the annular groove (36), a first iron ring (371) and a second iron ring (372) are respectively fixed on two sides of the collecting net (37), the first iron ring (371) is abutted against the upper surface of the monitoring box (3), the first iron ring (371) located on the lowest layer is abutted against the upper surface of the base (2), and a groove (362) for clamping the second iron ring (372) is formed in the inner wall of the annular groove (36).
5. The large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the base (2) and the monitoring box (3) are fixed with protrusions (39) for supporting the slow release pipe (21), the isolation net (24) and the thin rod (22), and the bottoms of the protrusions (39) and the isolation net (24) are both in a circular truncated cone shape.
6. The large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a high-frequency oscillation inverter transformer (42) is installed between the isolation net (24) and the storage battery (41).
7. The large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the support (1) comprises a sleeve (11) with one end fixed to the base (2), a moving rod (12) is connected to the sleeve (11) in a sliding mode, one end, far away from the base (2), of the moving rod (12) is sharp, a rack (14) is fixed to the other end of the moving rod (12), a knob (13) is connected to the sleeve (11) in a rotating mode, and a latch (131) meshed with the rack (14) is fixed to the knob (13).
8. The large-scale vertical garden pest monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein a clamping groove (15) is formed in the side wall of the sleeve (11), a clamping block (16) used for limiting the rotation of the clamping tooth (131) is inserted and matched in the clamping groove (15), and an elastic rope (17) fixed with the side wall of the clamping groove (15) penetrates through the clamping block (16).
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| CN114342717B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-04-11 | 深圳市金阳盛城市服务集团有限公司 | Insect pest detecting and reporting method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN115136939A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-10-04 | 汇绿园林建设发展有限公司 | Facility for preventing and controlling diseases and pests of ground cover plants |
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| CN202566059U (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-12-05 | 青岛罗素生物技术有限公司 | System for real-time remote monitoring of pests |
| CN203324781U (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-12-04 | 浙江大学 | Pest trapping apparatus and pest remote identifying and monitoring system |
| CN107711762A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-23 | 上海中信信息发展股份有限公司 | Intelligent Insect infestation monitoring method and intelligent Insect infestation monitoring device |
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