CN109838770A - Photo-thermal power generation steam generating system - Google Patents
Photo-thermal power generation steam generating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109838770A CN109838770A CN201710813269.5A CN201710813269A CN109838770A CN 109838770 A CN109838770 A CN 109838770A CN 201710813269 A CN201710813269 A CN 201710813269A CN 109838770 A CN109838770 A CN 109838770A
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- steam
- fused salt
- evaporator
- superheater
- salt
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of photo-thermal power generation steam generating systems, including two groups of evaporators being arranged in parallel, steam-water separator and superheater, the distribution cavity of evaporator described in two groups is simultaneously connected to water source, the collecting chamber of two groups of evaporators is through steam pipework and is connected to the distribution cavity of steam-water separator and superheater, and the collecting chamber of the superheater is connected to steam turbine.The evaporator being arranged in parallel using two groups, it can use the control of flow rate of molten salt in evaporator, pass through the combination of two evaporators different operational efficiency parallel, realize the supplying temperature of the micro- overheated steam of the two and the adjusting of supply amount, and it can be effectively relieved, absorb the temperature fluctuation and flowed fluctuation of front fused salt, switched by flow path, avoids the variation that takes place frequently of hot melt salt pump, the smart that whole system is adjusted is improved, guarantees to provide reliable and stable superheated steam for subsequent steam turbine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photo-thermal electro-technical fields, more particularly to a kind of photo-thermal power generation steam generating system.
Background technique
Due to energy crisis and atmosphere pollution, countries in the world increase the investment to solar energy research exploitation, solar heat
The project developments such as water, solar building, solar energy power generating, solar energy thermal-power-generating are rapid, and scale is gradually expanded.Solar heat
Electricity generation system mainly has 4 seed types: slot type, tower, dish-style and linear Fresnel form.Currently, conventional solar energy thermal-power-generating
System is to be focused to sunlight reflection on heat collector using reflecting mirror, and the solar radiant energy of aggregation is changed into heat by heat collector
Working medium in heat collector can and be reached, the working medium being heated can directly evaporate (such as water) and generate power to push power generation
Or thermal energy is reached by hold over system and steam power system by corresponding heat exchange equipment.
Due to directly use water as heat transfer acting working medium there are on system waterpower dynamic design complexity and accumulation of heat side
The difficulty in face, so current solar heat power generation system generally uses synthetic oil or fused salt as accumulation of heat working medium of conducting heat, then by with
Steam generator heat exchange generates the power steam for being suitble to corresponding Turbo-generator Set.It can thus be seen that solar energy thermal-power-generating system
The design of the intermediate heat hold over system of system is most important.
Fuse salt is a kind of selection well as heat transfer accumulation of heat working medium, mirror field output temperature can be increased to 450-
500 DEG C, power cycle efficiency is set to be greater than 40%, the accumulation of heat temperature difference is greater than 2.5 times.But such application at present is conventional binary
Salt, the salt fusing point is high, easily condensation frozen block, and is influenced by conditions such as extraneous solar illuminations, and temperature in hot tank is caused to change, into
And will lead to vapor (steam) temperature floating, it is not easy to the control at rear portion.
Summary of the invention
In view of the technical drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of photo-thermal power generation steam generations
System.
The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention is:
A kind of photo-thermal power generation steam generating system, including two groups of evaporators being arranged in parallel, steam-water separator and superheater,
The evaporator and superheater respectively includes being vertically arranged and top is formed with fused salt fused salt import lower part and is formed with fused salt and
The tank body of mouth, multiple S curve formula heat exchanger tubes being arranged in axially extending in the tank body and keep interval mutually are corresponding
The distribution cavity and collecting chamber that tank base and top are set and are connected to respectively with the heat exchanger tube, hot tank fused salt outlet according to
Secondary to be connected to through molten salt pipeline with superheater, evaporator and cold tank, the distribution cavity of evaporator described in two groups is simultaneously connected to water source, and two groups
The collecting chamber of evaporator is through steam pipework and is connected to the distribution cavity of steam-water separator and superheater, the collection of the superheater
Chamber is connected to steam turbine.
The fused salt outlet of the hot tank is provided with hot melt salt pump, the fused salt import of the hot melt salt pump and superheater
String is equipped with flowmeter and temperature transmitter on molten salt pipeline, is connected to directly and institute on the fused salt outlet also side of the hot melt salt pump
It is managed by the hot melt salt of the fused salt inlet communication for the evaporator stated, string is equipped with flowmeter and Bypass Control on pipe by the hot melt salt
Valve further includes fused salt distribution tank, and the top of the fused salt distribution tank is connected to pipe by the hot melt salt, intermediate side and mistake
The fused salt outlet of hot device, the bottom of the fused salt distribution tank and the fused salt inlet communication of evaporator.
The tank body of the evaporator and superheater is cylindrical shape, is fixed with inside spin on the inner wall of circle tube tank body
Plate, the height of the inside spin plate is in 20-40cm.
It is provided with heating chamber set on the outside of the evaporator and superheater, is provided with outside the heating chamber set
Insulating layer, is provided with electric heating coil pipe in the heating chamber set, and the top that the heating chamber covers is provided with drain valve,
The fused salt outlet side of the drain valve is provided with temperature sensor.
The steam-water separator is vertically arranged and its discharge outlet is located above the evaporator, in the discharge outlet
It is provided with and evaporator liquid level charactron disposed in parallel, the liquid level charactron lower end and the water supply water pipe
Connection.
The steam-water separator being sequentially connected in series including two.
The disengagement chamber is respectively formed with the incubation cavity being connected with the outside of drainage cavity, sets outside the incubation cavity
It is equipped with insulating layer, the incubation cavity is connected with the warm pipeline of the collecting chamber of evaporator, is arranged on the thermo-insulating pipe line
There is check valve only to allow the steam to enter incubation cavity, the bottom of the incubation cavity and the drainage cavity bottom connect
It is logical.
The steam (vapor) outlet side of the heat exchange mechanisms of the superheater is provided with steamdrum, and the fused salt outlet of hot tank is successively through molten
Salt pipeline is connected to superheater, evaporator and cold tank, and the controllable and described steam is connected to by the outlet side of the hot melt salt pump
The steam inlet tube of connection is wrapped, is connected to the vapour-discharge tube controllably opened or closed by the fused salt entrance side of the cold tank.
Heat the outlet height highest of salt pump, the fused salt entrance of cold tank, the fused salt outlet of evaporator, evaporator fused salt into
Mouthful, the outlet of the fused salt of superheater, superheater entrance and heat the fused salt outlet height of salt pump and successively increase, the fused salt of connection
Pipeline relative level is obliquely installed,
The top of the evaporator is arranged in and with the collecting chamber of the superheater through steam pipe in the steamdrum
Connection, the steamdrum top are provided with safety discharge valve and are connected to the steam outlet pipe of steam turbine, and in the steaming
Pressure controller is set on vapour fused salt outlet, is connect by the steam inlet shop and the steam outlet pipe, described
Filter screen is provided in steam pipe.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The evaporator being arranged in parallel using two groups can use the control of flow rate of molten salt in evaporator, be evaporated by two
The supplying temperature of micro- overheated steam and the adjusting of supply amount, Er Qieneng both are realized in the combination of device different operational efficiency parallel
It is effectively relieved, is absorbed the temperature fluctuation and flowed fluctuation of front fused salt, is switched by flow path, the change that takes place frequently of hot melt salt pump is avoided
Change, improves the smart that whole system is adjusted, guarantee to provide reliable and stable superheated steam for subsequent steam turbine.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show the structural schematic diagram of photo-thermal power generation steam generating system of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.It should be appreciated that described herein
Specific embodiment be only used to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Photo-thermal power generation steam generating system of the invention includes two groups of evaporators being arranged in parallel 2, steam-water separator 3 and mistake
Hot device 4, the evaporator and superheater respectively include being vertically arranged and top is formed with fused salt fused salt import lower part and is formed with
The tank body 21 of fused salt outlet, it is multiple to be arranged in axially extending in the tank body and keep the S curve formula at interval to change mutually
Heat pipe 22, the distribution cavity 23 and collecting chamber 24 for being correspondingly arranged at tank base and top and being connected to respectively with the heat exchanger tube,
The fused salt outlet of hot tank 5 is successively connected to through molten salt pipeline with superheater, evaporator and cold tank 1, point of evaporator described in two groups
Through water supply pipe 71 and be connected to water source 7 with chamber, the collecting chambers of two groups of evaporators through steam pipework and be connected to steam-water separator and
The collecting chamber of the distribution cavity of superheater, the superheater is connected to steam turbine.
Evaporator and superheater of the invention heats salt by the way of tube side steam using shell side, improves the steady of operation
It is qualitative, it quickly can cut off steam and reduce the possibility that fused salt solidifies, meanwhile, the big volume of shell side effectively increases steam
Yield, the vapor portion of micro- superheated steam enters superheater after steam-water separation, and it is aobvious that isolated water through discharge outlet enters liquid level
Show pipe, is based on law of connected vessels, the liquid level in S curve formula heat exchanger tube interior in the steam effectively can be shown and be surveyed
Amount, convenient for the control in later period and the generation temperature of micro- superheated steam.
Wherein it is preferred to which two groups of evaporators include big evaporator and effect evaporator, the exchange capability of heat of the small evaporator
For the 1/3-1/2 of big evaporator, exchange capability of heat shows as the volume of tank body, the quantity of heat exchanger tube, diameter etc..
The evaporator being arranged in parallel using two groups can use the control of flow rate of molten salt in evaporator, be evaporated by two
The supplying temperature of micro- overheated steam and the adjusting of supply amount, Er Qieneng both are realized in the combination of device different operational efficiency parallel
It is effectively relieved, is absorbed the temperature fluctuation and flowed fluctuation of front fused salt, is switched by flow path, the change that takes place frequently of hot melt salt pump is avoided
Change, improves the smart that whole system is adjusted, guarantee to provide reliable and stable superheated steam for subsequent steam turbine.
Wherein, the fused salt outlet of the hot tank is provided with hot melt salt pump, the fused salt of the hot melt salt pump and superheater
String is equipped with flowmeter and temperature transmitter on the molten salt pipeline of import, is connected on the fused salt outlet also side of the hot melt salt pump straight
Connect pipe 9 by the hot melt salt with the fused salt inlet communication of the evaporator, by the hot melt salt on pipe string be equipped with flowmeter and
Bypass control valve further includes fused salt distribution tank 8, and the top of the fused salt distribution tank is connected to pipe by the hot melt salt, in
Between side and superheater fused salt outlet, the bottom of the fused salt distribution tank and the fused salt inlet communication of evaporator.
By increasing fused salt distribution tank, the fused salt of two-way different temperatures can effectively be mixed in distribution pipe, realize into
The temperature of molten salt for entering two evaporator tank bodies is balanced, especially when being shut down, by directly distributing before shutdown
It directly fills into the high hot melt salt of temperature in the tank body of tank, reduces heat exchange step in heat exchanger, then discharged again, then it can be effective
Guarantee that drain time is persistently grown, avoiding centre, there is a phenomenon where solidify.
Wherein, the tank body of the evaporator and superheater is cylindrical shape, is fixed on the inner wall of circle tube tank body interior
Spiral plate, the height of the inside spin plate is in 20-40cm.
By the way that inside spin plate is arranged in inner tank wall, at least fused salt of formula surrounding place side increases screw trend, can have
Effect prevents temperature dead zone, avoids the occurrence of topical hypothermia, and can effectively prevent bubble and generate and adhere to, and guarantees that effectively heat exchange is empty
Between.
Further, to realize preheating, it is provided with heating chamber set on the outside of the evaporator and superheater, described
Heating chamber set it is external be provided with insulating layer, electric heating coil pipe is provided in the heating chamber set, in the heating chamber
It is provided with drain valve at the top of set, the fused salt outlet side of the drain valve is provided with temperature sensor.
Evaporator and superheater are preheated using the form of electric heating coil pipe, especially when tube wall temperature effectively risen
Height, generation solidification is formed hardened when fused salt being avoided to enter, and drain valve is arranged at top, temperature increases when heated, and drain valve is beaten
Portion gas spilling is opened, after passing through robust detection qualification in discharge outlet side temperature sensor sensing temperature and tank body, Ji Keting
It only heats, closes drain valve and air is avoided to enter, realize the micro-vacuum of heating chamber set, reduce heat dissipation.
Wherein, it shows and expresses to be convenient for liquid level, the steam-water separator is vertically arranged and its discharge outlet is located at
Above the evaporator, it is provided with and evaporator liquid level charactron 31 disposed in parallel, institute in the discharge outlet
The liquid level charactron lower end stated is connected to the water supply water pipe 71.
The vapor portion of micro- superheated steam enters superheater after steam-water separation, and isolated water enters liquid level through discharge outlet and shows
Pipe is based on law of connected vessels, can the liquid level in S curve formula heat exchanger tube interior in the steam effectively be shown and be measured,
Convenient for the control in later period and the generation temperature of micro- superheated steam.
The liquid level charactron is glass, acrylic material is made or one side is formed with liquid level and indicates slot;It is described
Liquid level charactron in be provided with liquid level sensor, the steam-water separator includes the disengagement chamber at top, and with top
The drainage cavity of separator connection, is provided with discharge outlet in the bottom of the drainage cavity.
Meanwhile be improve steam separating effect, steam generating system of the invention include two be sequentially connected in series it is described
Steam-water separator.
Further, to avoid steam during the separation process because temperature reduction leads to the steam temperature that liquefies or reduce,
The disengagement chamber is respectively formed with the incubation cavity being connected with the outside of drainage cavity, and heat preservation is provided with outside the incubation cavity
Layer, the incubation cavity are connected with the warm pipeline of the collecting chamber of evaporator, are provided with check valve on the thermo-insulating pipe line
Only to allow the steam to enter incubation cavity, the bottom of the incubation cavity is connected to the drainage cavity bottom.
Using the setting of incubation cavity, increases by one layer of temperature buffer between the disengagement chamber and external insulation layer, pass through
" sacrifice " special least a portion of micro- superheated steam, reduces the water condensed out in the separator because of temperature change, mistake after raising
The quantity of hot device gas supply.
Further, to improve the cleaning to pipeline, preventing from retaining in pipeline leads to changing for hardened etc., described superheater
The steam (vapor) outlet side of heat engine structure is provided with steamdrum 6, the fused salt outlet of hot tank successively through molten salt pipeline and superheater, evaporator and
Cold tank is connected to, and is connected to the controllable steam inlet tube 51 being connected to the steamdrum, institute by the outlet side of the hot melt salt pump
The vapour-discharge tube controllably opened or closed is connected to by the fused salt entrance side for the cold tank stated.Meanwhile to realize quick salt discharge early period,
Heat the outlet height highest of salt pump, the fused salt entrance of cold tank, the fused salt outlet of evaporator, the fused salt import of evaporator, overheat
The fused salt outlet height of the fused salt outlet of device, the entrance of superheater and hot melt salt pump successively increases, the molten salt pipeline phase of connection
Horizontal plane is obliquely installed,
Evaporator and superheater of the invention heats rock by the way of tube side steam using shell side, improves the steady of operation
It is qualitative, it quickly can cut off steam and reduce the possibility that fused salt solidifies, meanwhile, the big volume of shell side effectively increases steam
Yield, while being to advance by gravity direction by the flow path designs of fused salt, in this way with each class of traffic control valve ining conjunction with when control,
Heat exchange effect can be adjusted in a certain range, and when needing to shut down, can quick salt discharge under gravity, avoid in pipeline
It coagulates, meanwhile, using the high-temperature steam flow path and tank body progress Rapid Cleaning in steamdrum, avoid remaining.
And by the setting of vapour-discharge tube, optionally the fused salt blown back is directly discharged to except cold tank, is kept away
Exempt to introduce excessive vapor or impurity in tank body.
Specifically, as one of implementation, the steamdrum 6 be arranged in the top of the evaporator and with
The collecting chamber of the superheater is connected to through steam pipe 61, and safety discharge valve is provided at the top of the steamdrum and is connected to vapour
The steam outlet pipe of turbine, and pressure controller is set on the steam fused salt outlet, the steam inlet shop with
It is connect by the steam outlet pipe, is provided with filter screen in the steam pipe.
Using external attached type steamdrum, by the cooperation of pressure controller and safety discharge valve, when the vapour pressure in steamdrum
After power reaches the pressure value of setting, steam is exported to carry out acting output;When system stalls, blown back using high-temperature gas molten
Salt blows off tank body and pipeline.Last air purges clean operation.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the common skill of the art
For art personnel, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of photo-thermal power generation steam generating system, which is characterized in that including two groups of evaporators being arranged in parallel, steam-water separators
And superheater, the evaporator and superheater respectively includes being vertically arranged and top is formed with fused salt fused salt import lower part and is formed
The tank body for thering is fused salt to export, it is multiple to be arranged in axially extending in the tank body and keep the S curve formula at interval to change mutually
Heat pipe, the distribution cavity and collecting chamber for being correspondingly arranged at tank base and top and being connected to respectively with the heat exchanger tube, hot tank
Fused salt outlet is successively connected to through molten salt pipeline with superheater, evaporator and cold tank, and the distribution cavity of evaporator described in two groups simultaneously connects
To water source, the collecting chamber of two groups of evaporators is through steam pipework and is connected to the distribution cavity of steam-water separator and superheater, described
The collecting chamber of superheater is connected to steam turbine.
2. photo-thermal power generation steam generating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fused salt outlet of the hot tank is set
It is equipped with hot melt salt pump, string is equipped with flowmeter on the molten salt pipeline of the fused salt import of the hot melt salt pump and superheater and temperature becomes
Device is sent, in the hot melt of the also other fused salt inlet communication for being connected to direct and described evaporator in the fused salt outlet of the hot melt salt pump
It is managed by salt, it further includes fused salt distribution tank, the fused salt that string, which is equipped with flowmeter and bypass control valve, on pipe by the hot melt salt
The top of distribution tank is connected to pipe by the hot melt salt, the fused salt outlet of intermediate side and superheater, the fused salt
The bottom of distribution tank and the fused salt inlet communication of evaporator.
3. photo-thermal power generation steam generating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the evaporator and superheater
Tank body is cylindrical shape, inside spin plate is fixed on the inner wall of circle tube tank body, the height of the inside spin plate is in 20-
40cm。
4. photo-thermal power generation steam generating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the evaporator and superheater
Outside be provided with heating chamber set, be provided with insulating layer outside the described heating chamber set, the setting in the heating chamber set
There is electric heating coil pipe, the top that the heating chamber covers is provided with drain valve, is set in the fused salt outlet side of the drain valve
It is equipped with temperature sensor.
5. photo-thermal power generation steam generating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the steam-water separator is set vertically
It sets and its discharge outlet is located above the evaporator, be provided in the discharge outlet disposed in parallel with the evaporator
Liquid level charactron, the liquid level charactron lower end are connected to the water supply water pipe.
6. photo-thermal power generation steam generating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including two be sequentially connected in series described in
Steam-water separator.
7. photo-thermal power generation steam generating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the disengagement chamber and drainage cavity
Outside is respectively formed with the incubation cavity being connected, and insulating layer, the incubation cavity and evaporation are provided with outside the incubation cavity
The warm pipeline of the collecting chamber of device is connected, and check valve is provided on the thermo-insulating pipe line only to allow the steam to enter
Incubation cavity, the bottom of the incubation cavity are connected to the drainage cavity bottom.
8. photo-thermal power generation steam generating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat exchange mechanisms of the superheater
Steam (vapor) outlet side be provided with steamdrum, the fused salt outlet of hot tank successively connects through molten salt pipeline and superheater, evaporator and cold tank
It is logical, the controllable steam inlet tube being connected to the steamdrum, the cold tank are connected to by the outlet side of the hot melt salt pump
Fused salt entrance side by be connected to the vapour-discharge tube controllably opened or closed.
9. photo-thermal power generation steam generating system as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that heat the outlet height of salt pump most
Height, the fused salt outlet of the fused salt entrance, evaporator of cold tank, the fused salt import of evaporator, the fused salt outlet of superheater, superheater
Entrance and the fused salt outlet height for heating salt pump successively increase, and the molten salt pipeline relative level of connection is obliquely installed.
10. photo-thermal power generation steam generating system as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the steamdrum is arranged in institute
The top for the evaporator stated simultaneously is connected to the collecting chamber of the superheater through steam pipe, is provided with peace at the top of the steamdrum
Full drain valve and it is connected to the steam outlet pipe of steam turbine, and pressure controller is set on the steam fused salt outlet,
It is connect by the steam inlet shop and the steam outlet pipe, is provided with filter screen in the steam pipe.
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