CN109835924A - A kind of method of efficient production high-purity potassium nitrate - Google Patents
A kind of method of efficient production high-purity potassium nitrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109835924A CN109835924A CN201711206283.5A CN201711206283A CN109835924A CN 109835924 A CN109835924 A CN 109835924A CN 201711206283 A CN201711206283 A CN 201711206283A CN 109835924 A CN109835924 A CN 109835924A
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- Prior art keywords
- calcium
- potassium
- nitrate
- potassium nitrate
- lime
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Abstract
The present invention produces potassium nitrate, by-product calcium chloride using calcium nitrate solution and potassium chloride double decomposition, by freezing.Compared with the prior art: having the characteristics that process flow is short, equipment is simple, product purity is high, potassium chloride high conversion rate, low energy consumption, production cost is low, byproduct is in demand.And corrode in production process without equipment, no exhaust gas, waste water, residue contamination.Calcium nitrate is generated by dust technology and the reaction of levigate lime stone (high-purity limestone or common lime rock) powder, low in cost；It is reacted under normal temperature and pressure conditions, low energy consumption, easy control of process conditions.Agstone can be replaced with other calcium sources (such as coarse whiting, light calcium, quick lime, white lime, carbide slag, or the calcium carbonate etc. being transformed by ardealite).The calcium carbonate production potassium nitrate being transformed with schaumgyps has bigger economic and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of efficiently production high-purity potassium nitrate, be especially capable of providing it is a kind of it is economical, quickly,
The method of the production high-purity potassium nitrate of environmental protection and high efficiency, belongs to field of fine chemical.
Background technique
Potassium nitrate is a kind of widely used chemical products, is mainly used for war industry, glass ceramics industry, medical treatment are defended
The fields such as life, food industry.Simultaneously it is also a kind of hypersorption, pollution-free, high-quality chemical fertilizer residue-free, contains nitrate nitrogen 17%, oxygen
Change potassium 46%.For industrial crops and green agricultural product, such as fruits and vegetables, tobacco, flowers, the yield of crops can be increased substantially
And quality.
The prior art produces that potassium nitrate main method is at high cost, complex process, unstable product quality, potassium chloride conversion ratio
It is low, the device is complicated, and process flow is long, needs often to regenerate or replacement ion exchange resin, thus production cost is also high.
Application No. is 95115710 Chinese invention patents, using dust technology, potassium chloride and magnesia double decomposition, through cold
Freeze to -10---30 DEG C and crystallizes out potassium nitrate.Compared with the above method, process flow is simplified, reduces production cost.But it is attached
Product utilization rate is not high, and after the light magnesium of carbon ammonium precipitation, mother liquor ammonium chloride is still hard to handle.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for the prior art is at high cost, equipment is more, technique is long, pollution is big, energy consumption is high, potassium chloride conversion ratio is low,
The low drawback of by-product utilization rate, using potassium chloride and calcium nitrate preparing potassium nitrate by means of double decomposition.The basic principle is that: utilize chlorine
The huge difference for changing calcium and potassium nitrate solubility at a lower temperature, first crystallizes out potassium nitrate, then proceedes to concentration production chlorination
Calcium.Its principle process flow are as follows:
1. being slowly added to agstone into dust technology, it is molten that the biggish calcium nitrate of concentration is very economically obtained under normal temperature and pressure
Liquid；
2. the potassium chloride of design flow is added into calcium nitrate solution, dissolve potassium chloride all；
3. removal of impurities, filtering or decantation, remove residue；
4. being concentrated slightly when necessary, until being cooled to room temperature after a certain concentration；
5. being refrigerated to 0--20 DEG C, potassium nitrate is precipitated in crystallization, is separated by solid-liquid separation, and cold water washs crystal, obtains the production of high pure nitric acid potassium
Product；
6. mother liquor concentrations crystallize, by-product calcium chloride is obtained；
7. the impurity magnesium chloride in industrial potassium chloride (solution) first can be removed with potassium carbonate, then and by dust technology and height
The calcium nitrate solution double decomposition that the reaction of carbonate-free lime mountain flour generates, chilled crystallization obtains the higher potassium nitrate of purity and attached production is high-purity
Calcium chloride；
8. potassium chloride, agstone can also be added directly into dust technology, then through removal of impurities, filtering, freezing and crystallizing, solid
Liquid separation, condensing crystallizing, produce potassium nitrate and calcium chloride.
Agstone used in this patent can be high-purity lime stone (such as calcium carbide limestone, alkaline limestone) powder, can also
To be common lime stone (such as cement limestone) powder；Lime stone can be replaced with quick lime (CaO) or white lime [Ca (OH) 2]
Powder；Lime stone can also be replaced with other calcium sources (light calcium, coarse whiting, carbide slag or the calcium carbonate being transformed by ardealite etc.)
Powder.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
HNO3(60%) 110g adds H2KCl (100%) 73g, CaCO is added in O 300ml3(high-purity agstone) 200 mesh
50g, gentle agitation 15 minutes, filtering and impurity removing was refrigerated to -15 DEG C, crystallized out the needle-shaped KNO of transparent length3Crystal 123g (aqueous), inclines
Analysis, cold water wash crystal, analyze KNO3Content 99.8%；Mother liquor concentrations obtain white CaCl2.2H2O。
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method of efficiently production high-purity potassium nitrate, it is characterised in that: with the calcium nitrate (solution) of design flow and chlorination
Potassium multiple (solution) decomposes, and by cleaning, freezing, first Crystallization Separation goes out potassium nitrate, then concentration production calcium chloride.
2. according to claim 1 it is characterized by: purified calcium nitrate and potassium chloride metathesis reaction liquid, in debita spissitudo
Under, 0 --- high pure nitric acid potassium, the mother liquor after isolating potassium nitrate crystals, concentrated, knot are crystallized out under the conditions of 20 DEG C of temperature
Crystalline substance generates calcium chloride dihydrate or anhydrous calcium chloride.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711206283.5A CN109835924A (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | A kind of method of efficient production high-purity potassium nitrate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711206283.5A CN109835924A (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | A kind of method of efficient production high-purity potassium nitrate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109835924A true CN109835924A (en) | 2019-06-04 |
Family
ID=66880267
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711206283.5A Pending CN109835924A (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | A kind of method of efficient production high-purity potassium nitrate |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN109835924A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112624157A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-04-09 | 长沙鑫本助剂有限公司 | Production process for preparing potassium nitrate by double decomposition method at normal temperature |
-
2017
- 2017-11-27 CN CN201711206283.5A patent/CN109835924A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112624157A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-04-09 | 长沙鑫本助剂有限公司 | Production process for preparing potassium nitrate by double decomposition method at normal temperature |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20190604 |