CN1098303C - 一种全降解发泡胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种全降解发泡胶及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN1098303C
CN1098303C CN97109174A CN97109174A CN1098303C CN 1098303 C CN1098303 C CN 1098303C CN 97109174 A CN97109174 A CN 97109174A CN 97109174 A CN97109174 A CN 97109174A CN 1098303 C CN1098303 C CN 1098303C
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octadecanoic acid
degradeable
starch
powder
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CN1206023A (zh
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张蕾
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Abstract

一种全降解发泡胶及其制备方法,是以淀粉为主体,掺入滑石粉、纸浆或纸粉、十八烷酸的二价或三价金属盐、N,N’-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺和水,经充分混合后高温模压成型而制得的全降解发泡胶。该发泡胶能够完全为生物降解,不会污染环境,质轻、价廉、隔热、抗震性能良好。可用于替代EPS发泡胶,生产一次性餐具、抗震包装材料、建筑隔墙及隔热保温材料等。

Description

一种全降解发泡胶及其制备方法
                            技术领域
本发明涉及一种易降解的轻质发泡材料及其制备方法,发泡材料可用于快餐饭盒、抗震包装、建筑隔墙、隔热保温等领域。
                            背景技术
由于环境保护的需要,西方发达国家和一些环保意识较强的发展中国家对EPS发泡胶的使用限制越来越严格。我国许多名优产品由于包装物中使用了EPS发泡胶而被许多国家禁止进口。在快餐饭盒方面,EPS发泡胶也同样被限制使用。目前,我国大部分中心城市和铁路系统都己明令禁止使用泡沫塑料饭盒。其原因是EPS发泡胶不能为生物所降解,丢弃后造成严重的“白色污染”。
本发明的目的就是针对EPS发泡胶的不可生物降解的现象,旨在研制一种具有类似于EPS发泡胶结构形态和物理性能的可生物降解的发炮材料——全降解发泡胶及其制备方法。
本发明目的的实现方式为,一种全降解发泡胶,其特征在于是以淀粉为主体,掺入滑石粉、十八烷酸盐、纸浆或纸粉、发泡剂和水等经充分混合后通过高温模压成型而制得,
具体配比如下:
材料                            份额(重量)
淀粉                             1
滑石粉                           0.4~1
纸浆或纸粉                       0~2
十八烷酸盐                       0.01~0.1
N,N’-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺      0.01~0.1
尿素                             0.08~0.2
明矾                             0.1~0.35
小苏打                         0.05~0.2
水占所有组分总重量的55-75%。
全降解发泡胶的其制备方法,先将重量份额为1的淀粉加4-5倍的水,加热搅拌糊化,再加入重量份额分别为0.4-1滑石粉、0-2纸浆或纸粉、0.01-0.1十八烷酸的二价或三价金属盐、0.01-0.1N,N’-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺、0.08-0.2尿素、0.1-0.35明矾、0.05-0.2小苏打充分揉合成混合料,然后将具排气缝的模具加热到180~260℃,将混合料注入模腔中,静止1.5分钟以上,出模,干燥即得产品。
本发明的具体制作方法是:
1、先将淀粉和淀粉重量4~5倍的水搅匀,在搅拌下加热,使充分糊化,
2、将发泡剂H(N,N’-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺)和十八烷酸盐碾碎,
3、将明矾、小苏打和尿素分别溶于适量的水中,
4、将配方中所有的材料混合并补足配方量的水,充分揉合成混合料,
5、将具排气缝的模具加热到180~260℃,
6、取适量的混合料,填入己加热的模腔中,合模,或者以注射方式向模腔注入适量混合料,模压,待干燥后出模可得类似于发泡胶样材料的制品。
该材料可根据需要制成抗震包装材料、一次性餐具或其他用途的制品。
该发明中使用的十八烷酸盐系指十八烷酸的二价或三价金属盐。如十八烷酸钙、十八烷酸锌、十八烷酸铝等。发泡剂也可选用其他有机或无机发泡剂。
用本发明方法制备的可降解发泡胶具有质轻、价廉等优点,并具有与EPS发泡胶类似的抗震性能。
实施例:
1、在50克淀粉中兑入250毫升水,搅匀,加热使其充分糊化,然后,分别加入10克十八烷酸锌细粉、5克发泡剂H(N,N’-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺)细粉、10克小苏打和10克尿素加150毫升水形成的溶液,搅匀。再加入20克滑石粉、100克经粉碎成细小纤维状的废报纸,17.5克明矾和220毫升水形成的溶液,经充分揉和,使其均匀。
将模具加热到250℃,取上述混合料适量注入模腔,约3分钟后出模,得抗震包装材料,
其密度为0.2克/立方厘米。
2、在50克淀粉中兑入250毫升水,搅匀,加热使其充分糊化,然后,分别加入7克十八烷酸锌细粉、3.5克发泡剂H细粉、8克小苏打和7克尿素加100毫升水形成的溶液,搅匀。再加入30克滑石粉、95克经粉碎成细小纤维的废报纸、15克明矾和150毫升水形成的溶液,经充分揉和,使其均匀。
将模具加热到240℃,取上述混合料适量注入模腔,约4分钟后出模,得抗震包装材料,其密度为0.21克/立方厘米。
3、在50克淀粉中兑入250毫升水,搅匀,加热使其充分糊化,然后,分别加入8克十八烷酸钙细粉、5克发泡剂H细粉、7克小苏打和5克尿素加100毫升水形成的溶液,搅匀。再加入50克滑石粉、100克经粉碎成细小纤维状的纸浆板、13克明矾和100毫升水形成的溶液,经充分揉和,使其均匀。
将碗模加热到220℃,取上述混合料适量,充填模腔、合模,约1.5分钟后出模,得一次性快餐碗。
4、在50克淀粉中兑入150毫升水,搅匀,加热使其充分糊化,然后,分别加入4克十八烷酸铝细粉、1克发泡剂H细粉、7克小苏打和5克尿素加45毫升水形成的溶液,搅匀。再加入40克滑石粉、40克经粉碎成细小纤维状的纸浆板、13克明矾和45毫升水形成的溶液,经充分揉和,使其均匀。
将碗模加热到200℃,取上述混合料适量,充填模腔、合模,约1.5分钟后出模,得一次性快餐碗。

Claims (3)

1、一种全降解发泡胶,其特征在于是以淀粉为主体,掺入滑石粉、十八烷酸盐、纸浆或纸粉、发泡剂和水经充分混合后通过高温模压成型而制得,
具体配比如下:
        材料                            份额(重量)
        淀粉                            1
        滑石粉                          0.4~1
        纸浆或纸粉                      0~2
        十八烷酸盐                      0.01~0.1
         N,N’-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺     0.01~0.1
        尿素                            0.08~0.2
        明矾                            0.1~0.35
        小苏打                          0.05~0.2
        水占所有组分总重量的55-75%。
2、如权利要求1所述的全降解发泡胶,其特征在于所述十八烷酸盐系指十八烷酸的二价或三价金属盐。
3、权利要求1所述的一种全降解发泡胶的制备方法,其特征在于,先将重量份额为1的淀粉加4-5倍的水,加热搅拌糊化,再加入重量份额分别为0.4-1滑石粉、0-2纸浆或纸粉、0.01-0.1十八烷酸的二价或三价金属盐、0.01-0.1N,N’-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺、0.08-0.2尿素、0.1-0.35明矾、0.05-0.2小苏打充分揉合成混合料,出模,然后将具排气缝的模具加热到180~260℃,将混合料注入模腔中,静止1.5分钟以上,出模,干燥即得产品。
CN97109174A 1997-07-22 1997-07-22 一种全降解发泡胶及其制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1098303C (zh)

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CN104817709A (zh) * 2015-04-29 2015-08-05 桐城市福润包装材料有限公司 一种淀粉包装膜制备工艺

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4613627A (en) * 1982-12-13 1986-09-23 Usg Acoustical Products Company Process for the manufacture of shaped fibrous products and the resultant product
WO1988006609A1 (en) * 1987-02-27 1988-09-07 Amrotex Ag Degradable synthetic compositions
CN1031314A (zh) * 1987-08-18 1989-03-01 沃纳-兰伯特公司 由预加工淀粉制造的成形制品
EP0535994A1 (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-07 Director-General Of The Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology Process for producing a starch-containing biodegradable plastic

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4613627A (en) * 1982-12-13 1986-09-23 Usg Acoustical Products Company Process for the manufacture of shaped fibrous products and the resultant product
WO1988006609A1 (en) * 1987-02-27 1988-09-07 Amrotex Ag Degradable synthetic compositions
CN1031314A (zh) * 1987-08-18 1989-03-01 沃纳-兰伯特公司 由预加工淀粉制造的成形制品
EP0535994A1 (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-07 Director-General Of The Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology Process for producing a starch-containing biodegradable plastic

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
中国塑料,9卷6期 1995.11.1 多糖类生物降解材料的研究进展 *

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