CN109826249B - Pile foundation side friction resistance measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Pile foundation side friction resistance measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109826249B CN109826249B CN201910173377.XA CN201910173377A CN109826249B CN 109826249 B CN109826249 B CN 109826249B CN 201910173377 A CN201910173377 A CN 201910173377A CN 109826249 B CN109826249 B CN 109826249B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring device for pile foundation side friction resistance, which comprises a reinforcement cage and a circular partition plate, wherein the partition plate is connected with the bottoms of main ribs, a group of baffle plate assemblies are arranged between two adjacent main ribs, each baffle plate assembly comprises a baffle plate and a traction piece, the baffle plates are rotatably arranged on the partition plate, and the traction piece is used for traction of the baffle plates to rotate towards the hole wall of the pile foundation so that the free ends are abutted against the hole wall of the pile foundation. When the measuring device is used for measuring the side friction resistance of the pile foundation, the measuring device is lowered into the pile foundation, an accommodating space is reserved between the measuring device and the hole bottom of the pile foundation, all the baffles form a blocking structure for blocking coarse aggregate of concrete from falling into the accommodating space, then concrete is poured, and when load is applied to the pile top, the concrete in the accommodating space is fine aggregate, and pile end bearing capacity is not generated on the pile foundation, so that the side friction resistance of the pile foundation can be directly and accurately measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation engineering, in particular to a pile foundation side friction resistance measuring device and a pile foundation side friction resistance measuring method.
Background
Pile foundations are a widely used form of foundation. The pile contacts with soil on the side wall and the end, and the stress complexity is determined due to the variability of soil layer properties and the interaction of pile and soil. The friction pile foundation bearing capacity mainly comprises pile end bearing capacity and side friction resistance, wherein the side friction resistance is often larger in proportion of the pile foundation bearing capacity and is an important consideration index for pile foundation design and construction and pile foundation bearing capacity detection, the pile foundation bearing capacity detection needs to be subjected to field test and inspection, and the detection method is widely applied to pile foundation pile load test, self-balancing test, anchor pile test and other pile foundation bearing capacity detection services. For large tonnage friction pile test engineering, if the pile end bearing capacity is not considered or calculated in a theoretical value, only the actual side friction resistance of the pile body is tested, the loading tonnage in the pile test engineering is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the engineering risk and engineering cost and improving the pile test engineering success rate. Therefore, in order to ensure engineering quality, how to directly and accurately determine the pile side friction resistance becomes a key problem in reasonably evaluating the bearing capacity of the pile foundation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a measuring device and a measuring method for pile foundation side friction resistance, which can directly and accurately determine the pile side friction resistance.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention adopts the technical proposal that
A pile foundation side friction measuring device, comprising:
a reinforcement cage including a plurality of main tendons;
the circular partition plate is connected with the bottom of the main rib;
a plurality of groups of baffle assemblies are arranged between two adjacent main ribs, and the baffle assemblies comprise:
-a baffle plate comprising a connecting end and a free end, said connecting end being rotatably arranged on said baffle plate;
-a traction member for drawing the shutter into rotation towards the wall of the pile foundation so as to bring the free end into abutment against the wall of the pile foundation.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the partition plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, the number of the through holes is the same as that of the main ribs and the through holes are in one-to-one correspondence, and the main ribs penetrate through the corresponding through holes and are fixed with the partition plate.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the partition plate is provided with a circle of channels, each channel comprises a plurality of through holes which are annularly arranged, and the through holes are uniformly distributed at intervals.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the main ribs are connected with the partition plate through nuts.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the connecting end is connected with the partition board through the pin shafts, and all the pin shafts are arranged in a surrounding mode to form a circular ring.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the baffle is provided with a traction hole, and the traction piece comprises:
the fixed pulley is fixed on the partition plate and is positioned at the outer side of the connecting end;
and one end of the traction wire is fixed on the baffle plate, and the other end of the traction wire bypasses the fixed pulley and extends to pass through the traction hole.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the bottom of the partition board is fixedly provided with a foam board, and the foam board is matched with the partition board in shape.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the measuring device further comprises a reinforcing steel bar meter.
The invention also provides a method for measuring pile foundation side friction resistance by using the measuring device, which comprises the following steps:
providing a plurality of reinforcing steel bar meters, wherein the plurality of reinforcing steel bar meters are fixed at intervals in the length direction of at least one main reinforcement;
the measuring device is lowered into the pile foundation, and an accommodating space is formed between the partition plate and the bottom of the pile foundation;
the baffle plates are pulled by the traction piece to rotate towards the hole wall of the pile foundation so that the free ends are abutted against the hole wall of the pile foundation, and all the baffle plates form a blocking structure for blocking coarse aggregate of concrete from falling into the accommodating space;
pouring concrete into the reinforcement cage;
and after the concrete is solidified, loading a load on the pile top, reading the measured value of the reinforcing steel bar meter, and calculating the side friction resistance of the pile foundation.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the horizontal plane where the reinforcing steel bar gauge is located is the section of the pile foundation, and the side friction resistance of the section of the pile foundation between two adjacent sections is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein: />The side friction force Pa of the section of the pile foundation between two adjacent sections; />Is a measured value of an nth section steel bar meter, and has no dimension; />Is a measured value of an n+1th section steel bar meter, and has no dimension;E s elastic modulus of the main rib, MPa;A s is the total cross section of all main ribs of the nth cross section, mm 2 ；E c The elastic modulus of the concrete is MPa;A c for the net area of the concrete with the nth section, mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the d is the section diameter of the pile foundation, m; h is the segment height, m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention relates to a pile foundation side friction resistance measuring device, which comprises a reinforcement cage and a circular partition plate, wherein the partition plate is connected with the bottoms of main ribs, a group of baffle plate assemblies are arranged between two adjacent main ribs, each baffle plate assembly comprises a baffle plate and a traction piece, the baffle plates are rotatably arranged on the partition plate, and the traction piece is used for traction of the baffle plates to rotate towards the hole wall of a pile foundation so that the free ends are abutted against the hole wall of the pile foundation. When the measuring device is used for measuring the side friction resistance of the pile foundation, the measuring device is lowered into the pile foundation, an accommodating space is reserved between the measuring device and the hole bottom of the pile foundation, the traction piece is used for traction the baffle plate to rotate towards the hole wall of the pile foundation so that the free end is abutted against the hole wall of the pile foundation, all the baffle plates form a blocking structure for blocking coarse aggregate of concrete from falling into the accommodating space, the concrete is poured, the coarse aggregate in the concrete is blocked from falling into the accommodating space, and when load is applied to the pile top, the concrete in the accommodating space is fine aggregate, and the pile end bearing capacity is not generated on the pile foundation, so that the side friction resistance of the pile foundation can be directly and accurately measured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pile foundation side friction measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method of measuring the side friction of a pile foundation at a segment between two adjacent sections.
In the figure: 1-reinforcement cage, 10-main reinforcement, 2-partition plates, 20-through holes, 3-baffle assemblies, 30-baffle plates, 300-connecting ends, 301-free ends, 302-traction holes, 31-traction pieces, 310-fixed pulleys, 311-traction wires, 32-pin shafts, 4-pile foundations, 5-nuts, 6-foam plates, 7-reinforcement meters and 8-containing spaces.
Description of the embodiments
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the invention provides a measuring device for pile foundation side friction, which comprises a reinforcement cage 1, wherein the reinforcement cage 1 comprises a plurality of main reinforcements 10 and a plurality of stirrups, the plurality of main reinforcements 10 are arranged at intervals and are surrounded to form a cylindrical frame of the reinforcement cage 1, and the plurality of reinforcement cages 1 are sleeved on the cylindrical frame at intervals to form the reinforcement cage 1. The measuring device further comprises a circular partition plate 2, the partition plate 2 is connected with the bottoms of the main ribs 10, the bottoms of the plurality of main ribs 10 are circular, the diameter of the circular partition plate 2 is larger than that of the bottom of the reinforcement cage 1, and when the diameter of the partition plate 2 is designed, the diameter of the partition plate 2 is designed according to the size of the bore of the surveyed pile foundation 4, in order to enable the lower part of the measuring device to be arranged in the pile foundation 4, the diameter of the partition plate 2 is designed to be smaller than the bore of the pile foundation 4, a steel plate with proper plane size and thickness is selected to be used as the partition plate 2 in combination with the bore of the pile foundation 4, the diameter of the steel plate is required to be smaller than the bore of the pile foundation 4 by 5cm, and the steel plate has certain strength and rigidity, and can bear the dead weight of the pile foundation 4 without obvious deformation.
The measuring device further comprises a plurality of groups of baffle assemblies 3, a group of baffle assemblies 3 are arranged between two adjacent main ribs 10, the baffle assemblies 3 comprise baffle plates 30 and traction members 31, the baffle plates 30 comprise connecting ends 300 and free ends 301, the connecting ends 300 are rotatably arranged on the partition plates 2, and the free ends 301 rotate freely along with the connecting ends 300; the traction member 31 is used for pulling the baffle 30 to rotate towards the hole wall of the pile foundation 4 so that the free end 301 abuts against the hole wall of the pile foundation 4. When the measuring device is used for measuring the side friction resistance of the pile foundation, the measuring device is lowered into the pile foundation 4, an accommodating space 8 is reserved between the measuring device and the hole bottom of the pile foundation 4, the baffle plates 30 are pulled by the pulling piece 31 to rotate towards the hole wall of the pile foundation 4 so that the free ends 301 are abutted against the hole wall of the pile foundation 4, all the baffle plates 30 form a blocking structure for blocking coarse aggregate of concrete from falling into the accommodating space 8, the concrete is poured, the coarse aggregate in the concrete is blocked from falling into the accommodating space 8, and when a load is applied to the pile top, the concrete in the accommodating space 8 is fine aggregate, so that the pile end bearing capacity is not generated for the pile foundation 4, and the side friction resistance of the pile foundation can be directly and accurately measured.
Referring to fig. 2, the partition plate 2 is provided with a plurality of through holes 20, the number of the through holes 20 is the same as that of the main ribs 10, and the main ribs 10 penetrate through the corresponding through holes 20 and are fixed with the partition plate 2. The partition plate 2 and the reinforcement cage 1 in the embodiment of the invention are coaxially arranged, the bottom of the main reinforcement 10 is firstly subjected to spinning treatment, the bottom of the main reinforcement 10 is finely rolled into a threaded structure, the main reinforcement 10 passes through the corresponding through hole 20, and then the nut 5 is screwed, so that the bottom of the main reinforcement 10 is fixed with the partition plate 2. The diameter of the through hole 20 is preferably 2mm larger than the diameter of the main rib.
Referring to fig. 2, the separator 2 is formed with a ring of passages including a plurality of through holes 20 arranged in a ring shape, and the plurality of through holes 20 are uniformly spaced apart. The channel and the partition board 2 are coaxially arranged, and a baffle 30 is arranged between two adjacent through holes 20, so that coarse aggregate in concrete can be better prevented from falling.
Referring to fig. 2, the connection end 300 is connected to the partition board 2 through pins 32, and all the pins 32 are enclosed to form a ring. The ring and the baffle are also coaxially arranged, so that the blocking structure formed by all baffles 30 for blocking the coarse aggregate of the concrete from falling into the accommodating space 8 is also circular, and the free end 301 can be better abutted against the hole wall of the pile foundation 4.
Referring to fig. 3, a traction hole 302 is formed in the baffle 30, the traction member 31 includes a fixed pulley 310 and a traction wire 311, the fixed pulley 310 is fixed on the partition 2, and the fixed pulley 310 is located at the outer side of the connecting end 300; one end of the traction wire 311 is fixed to the baffle 30, and the other end passes around the fixed pulley 310 and extends through the traction hole 302. The traction wire 311 of the embodiment of the invention adopts high-strength steel wires, has high strength and good toughness, can slide on the fixed pulley 310 and is easy to break. In order to smoothly lower the measuring device into the pile foundation, the baffle 30 is rotated to the inner side of the partition plate 2 through the traction wire 311, after the measuring device is lowered into the pile foundation, the traction wire 311 is pulled to rotate the baffle 30, so that the free end 301 is abutted to the hole wall of the pile foundation 4, and then the traction wire 311 is fixed to avoid sliding.
Referring to fig. 1, a foam board 6 is fixed to the bottom of the partition board 2, and the foam board 6 is adapted to the shape of the partition board 2. If a small amount of coarse aggregate falls into the accommodating space 8, when a load is applied to the pile top, the foam plate 6 plays a role in blocking and buffering acting force between the reinforcement cage 1 and the coarse aggregate, so that the pile end bearing capacity generated by the coarse aggregate is weakened, and the measurement result of the pile foundation side friction resistance is more accurate. The bottom of the partition board 2 is fully paved with a blocking foam board 6, the thickness is preferably 15-20 cm, and the nuts 5 of the main ribs 10 are installed by an embedding method. To ensure that the foam board 6 is firmly bonded with the bottom of the partition board 2, and prevent the foam board from loosening and falling off in the process of lowering the reinforcement cage 1.
Referring to fig. 4, the measuring apparatus further includes a reinforcing bar gauge 7. Binding or welding the rebar meter 7 on the main reinforcement 10, lowering the rebar meter 7 into the pile foundation 4 together, obtaining the measured value of the rebar meter 7, and calculating to obtain the side friction resistance of the pile foundation 4.
The invention also provides a method for measuring pile foundation side friction resistance by using the measuring device in the embodiment, which comprises the following steps:
providing a plurality of rebar meters 7, wherein the rebar meters 7 are fixed at intervals in the length direction of at least one main rebar 10;
the measuring device is lowered into the pile foundation 4, the reinforcement cage 1 is suspended, and an accommodating space 8 is formed between the partition plate 2 and the bottom of the pile foundation 4;
the baffle plates 30 are pulled by the traction piece 31 to rotate towards the hole wall of the pile foundation 4 so that the free ends 301 are abutted against the hole wall of the pile foundation 4, and all the baffle plates 30 form a blocking structure for blocking coarse aggregate of concrete from falling into the accommodating space 8;
pouring concrete into the reinforcement cage 1, wherein coarse aggregate in the concrete is blocked at the upper part of the partition plate, and only fine aggregate falls down in the accommodating space 8;
after the concrete is solidified, the suspension device is removed, a load is loaded on the pile top, the measured value of the rebar meter 7 is read, and the side friction resistance of the pile foundation 4 is calculated.
The calculation formula is as follows:
the horizontal plane where the rebar meter 7 is located is the section of the pile foundation 4, and the side friction resistance of the section of the pile foundation 4 between two adjacent sections is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein: />The side friction force Pa of the section of the pile foundation 4 between two adjacent sections; />Is the measured value of the nth section steel bar meter 7, and is dimensionless;is the measured value of the (n+1) th section steel bar meter 7, and has no dimension;E s elastic modulus of the main rib, MPa;A s is the total cross section of all main ribs of the nth cross section, mm 2 ；E c The elastic modulus of the concrete is MPa;A c for the net area of the concrete with the nth section, mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the d is the section diameter of the pile foundation 4, m; h is the segment height, m.
Wherein, the elastic modulus of the main reinforcement is determined according to the model of the reinforcement and the specification, and A_s does not comprise the sectional area of the stirrup of the reinforcement cage 1; the elastic modulus of the concrete is measured by a concrete test block manufactured before the concrete is poured; the net area of the concrete is the cross section area of the nth cross section pile foundation 4 minus the total cross section area of all main ribs of the nth cross section; in actual engineering, the pore-forming quality of the pile foundation 4 is detected, so that the actual pore diameter of each layer of section of the pile foundation can be obtained, and in general, the pore diameter of each layer of section has small difference, so that the actual pile diameter after pile forming is obtained.
The sum of the side friction resistances of the sections is then the total pile side friction resistance, and the calculation method of the embodiment of the invention is direct, accurate and easy to implement; the loading tonnage is reduced, and the engineering risk is reduced; the investment of loading equipment and bearing equipment is greatly reduced, and the engineering cost is reduced.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but a number of modifications and adaptations can be made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, which modifications and adaptations are also considered to be within the scope of the invention. What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a stake basis side friction measuring device which characterized in that, it includes:
a reinforcement cage (1) comprising a plurality of main tendons (10);
a circular partition plate (2) connected to the bottom of the main rib (10);
a plurality of groups of baffle assemblies (3), a group of baffle assemblies (3) are arranged between two adjacent main ribs (10), and the baffle assemblies (3) comprise:
-a baffle (30) comprising a connecting end (300) and a free end (301), said connecting end (300) being rotatably provided on said partition (2);
-a traction member (31), said traction member (31) being adapted to draw said baffle (30) into rotation towards the wall of the pile foundation (4) so as to bring said free end (301) into abutment against the wall of the pile foundation (4);
the diameter of the partition plate (2) is larger than that of the bottom of the reinforcement cage (1), and the diameter of the partition plate (2) is smaller than the aperture of the pile foundation (4);
a traction hole (302) is formed in the baffle plate (30), and the traction piece (31) comprises:
a fixed pulley (310) fixed to the partition plate (2), the fixed pulley (310) being located outside the connection end (300);
a traction wire (311) having one end fixed to the baffle plate (30) and the other end wound around the fixed pulley (310) and extending to pass through the traction hole (302);
the measuring device also comprises a rebar meter (7).
2. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the partition board (2) is provided with a plurality of through holes (20), the number of the through holes (20) is the same as that of the main ribs (10) and the through holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the main ribs (10) penetrate through the corresponding through holes (20) and are fixed with the partition board (2).
3. A measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that the diaphragm (2) has a ring of channels formed therein, said channels comprising a plurality of through holes (20) arranged in a ring, the plurality of through holes (20) being evenly spaced.
4. A measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that the main bar (10) is connected to the partition (2) by means of a nut (5).
5. A measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting end (300) is connected to the partition (2) by means of pins (32), all pins (32) enclosing a ring.
6. A measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that a foam plate (6) is fixed to the bottom of the diaphragm (2), the foam plate (6) being adapted to the shape of the diaphragm (2).
7. A method for measuring pile foundation side friction using the measuring device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
providing a plurality of reinforcing steel bar meters (7), wherein the plurality of reinforcing steel bar meters (7) are fixed at intervals in the length direction of at least one main reinforcement (10);
the measuring device is lowered into the pile foundation (4), and an accommodating space (8) is formed between the partition plate (2) and the bottom of the pile foundation (4);
the baffle plates (30) are pulled by the traction piece (31) to rotate towards the hole wall of the pile foundation (4) so that the free ends (301) are abutted against the hole wall of the pile foundation (4), and all the baffle plates (30) form a blocking structure for blocking coarse aggregate of concrete from falling into the accommodating space (8);
pouring concrete into the reinforcement cage (1);
and after the concrete is solidified, loading a load on the pile top, reading the measured value of the reinforcing steel bar meter (7) and calculating the side friction resistance of the pile foundation (4).
8. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the level at which the rebar meter (7) is located is a section of the pile foundation (4), the side friction of the section of the pile foundation (4) between two adjacent sections being calculated according to the following formula:
wherein: />The side friction force Pa of the section of the pile foundation (4) between two adjacent sections; />Is a measured value of an nth section steel bar meter (7), and is dimensionless;is a measured value of an n+1th section steel bar meter (7), and is dimensionless;E s elastic modulus of the main rib, MPa;A s is the total cross section of all main ribs of the nth cross section, mm 2 ；E c The elastic modulus of the concrete is MPa;A c for the net area of the concrete with the nth section, mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the d is the section diameter of the pile foundation (4), m; h is the segment height, m.
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| CN201910173377.XA CN109826249B (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | Pile foundation side friction resistance measuring device and measuring method |
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| CN201910173377.XA CN109826249B (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | Pile foundation side friction resistance measuring device and measuring method |
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| CN109826249B true CN109826249B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
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| CN110331742B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2023-11-07 | 浙江大学 | Test device and method for testing friction characteristics of pile soil contact surface of static drilling root planting pile |
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| CN104452830A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-03-25 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | High-latitude low-altitude island-shaped permafrost pile foundation side friction value measuring and selecting method |
| KR20170019395A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-02-21 | (주)백경지앤씨 | Improved Bi-Directional for Pile Load Test Apparatus and thereof Method |
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