CN109824383B - Copper red matte transmutation glaze and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Copper red matte transmutation glaze and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic glaze, in particular to copper red matte transmutation glaze and a preparation method thereof. The copper red matte transmutation glaze consists of a ground glaze and an overglaze group, wherein the ground glaze comprises refined potassium feldspar, animal bone ash, refined quartz, lime, talc, refined cordierite, silicon carbonate, copper oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate and boron; the overglaze comprises refined potash feldspar, refined quartz, talc, zirconium phosphate, titanium oxide, tin oxide, frit, refined dolomite, zinc oxide and copper oxide. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing base glaze slip; preparing overglaze slip; preparing a ground glaze; and (4) preparing the overglaze. The invention solves the problems of high manufacturing difficulty and poor transmutation effect of transmutation glaze in the prior art, the prepared transmutation glaze has excellent performance, and the thermal stability, the water absorption and the elution amount of lead and cadmium of the product can meet the relevant standards of daily ceramic products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic glaze, in particular to copper red matte transmutation glaze and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The porcelain is made by firing porcelain stone, kaolin, quartz stone, mullite and the like, and is provided with a glass glaze or a colored drawing on the surface. The porcelain is formed by firing at a high temperature (about 1280-1400 ℃) in a kiln, and the glaze color on the surface of the porcelain is subjected to various chemical changes due to different temperatures. The sintered porcelain body generally contains less than 3 percent of iron element, is impermeable, and is widely used by people all over the world due to the characteristics of lower cost, wear resistance and impermeability.
The burned porcelain is said to be "transmutation" in the case where the porcelain is found to have a shape or glaze color which is not desired after the porcelain is opened, and the porcelain may be distinguished from the porcelain by the past. The 'Baiyaoshihui assembly' states that the porcelain is one-property, one-color and one-color, and the porcelain is combined with water and soil, so that the porcelain is a kiln change if not manually added. In short, the furnace transmutation can be roughly classified into deformation, discoloration, and deterioration. The furnace transmutation glaze has an unexpected glaze color effect in the firing process of the ware. Due to the fact that the kiln contains various coloring elements, the porcelain can show unexpected glaze color effects after being taken out of the kiln through oxidation or reduction. The transmutation glaze is called as the transmutation glaze because of the occurrence of the accidental occurrence and special shape, people do not know the principle and only know the change of the roasting process in a kiln, and the commonly known transmutation glaze is called as the transmutation glaze, is commonly known as the transmutation glaze, is the transmutation glaze, and is unique. The furnace transmutation glaze is an innovative variety in the Yong dynasty imitating a Jun kiln, the Yong dynasty and the dry dynasty are good products, the glaze color is mainly red, and the variegated colors such as sky blue, moon white, green, brown and the like are blended and flow to form a flame which looks like a flame which is purplish and scarlet, wherein the reddish color is called 'flame red' and the bluish color is called 'flame green'.
With the deep understanding of people on the transmutation glaze, the defect of transmutation is gradually favored by people, and the defect of the glaze surface caused by kiln fire leads people to endless aftertaste after long-term use. In colorful colored glaze, the furnace transmutation glazed porcelain is unique and wonderful.
Generally, the kiln transmutation is divided into two types according to the glazing process. One is that a single glaze is applied on a blank body to be sintered, and a colorful glaze surface is generated due to the change of the property of the glaze, the disturbance of the sintering atmosphere and the like. The other is ground glaze plus overglaze, even a plurality of overglazes are overlapped and sintered to generate the effect of water-emulsion blending. If the glaze is classified according to the coloring metal oxides of the transmutation glaze, the glaze is mainly classified into copper-based transmutation glaze and iron-based transmutation glaze. It is generally considered that the copper-based transmutation glaze is fired in a reducing atmosphere, and the iron-based transmutation glaze is fired in a reducing atmosphere and an oxidizing atmosphere.
The copper oxide is mostly green in the lime glaze under the oxidizing atmosphere, but turns blue in the glaze with strong alkalinity, and also turns into black metal glaze if the added amount is very large, and turns red under the reducing atmosphere.
As is known to all, a series of very complex physical and chemical changes occur in the firing process of the porcelain, especially different transmutation effects are generated, and the influence of the formula, the process and the like is large, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the transmutation glaze is high, the transmutation effect is poor, and the research on the transmutation glaze is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides the copper red matte transmutation glaze and the preparation method thereof, so that the problems of high manufacturing difficulty and poor transmutation effect of the transmutation glaze in the prior art are solved, the prepared transmutation glaze has excellent performance, and the thermal stability, the water absorption rate and the elution amount of lead and cadmium of the product can meet the relevant standards of daily ceramic products.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a copper red matte transmutation glaze is composed of a ground glaze and a surface glaze, wherein the ground glaze is applied on a ceramic blank body, and the surface glaze is applied on the ground glaze:
the ground coat comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of refined potash feldspar, 1.8-2.2 parts of animal bone ash, 12-18 parts of refined quartz, 9-11 parts of lime, 4-6 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of refined cordierite, 8-12 parts of silicon carbonate, 1.5-2.5 parts of copper oxide, 4-6 parts of tin oxide, 4-6 parts of zinc oxide, 5-8 parts of aluminum oxide, 12-18 parts of barium carbonate and 15-25 parts of boron;
the overglaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of refined potash feldspar, 8-12 parts of refined quartz, 4-6 parts of talc, 8-12 parts of zirconium phosphate, 4-8 parts of titanium oxide, 4-6 parts of tin oxide, 35-45 parts of frit, 6-10 parts of refined dolomite, 6-10 parts of zinc oxide and 1.5-2.5 parts of copper oxide.
The ground glaze is formed by mixing refined potassium feldspar, animal bone ash, quartz, lime, talc, refined cordierite, silicon carbonate, copper oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate and boron, wherein the potassium feldspar and the cordierite are refined, the impurity content is low, the sintered ground glaze is good in transmutation effect, strong in production adaptability, high in finished product rate after sintering, and the defects of brown holes, rolling glaze and the like of the conventional transmutation glaze can be avoided.
Cordierite, copper oxide, zinc oxide and the like are added to prepare the kiln-transmutation glaze with various colors, so that the color of the ceramic kiln-transmutation glaze is richer, and the product is more beautiful and elegant; the glaze surface added with cordierite has good performance, wide firing temperature range and stable firing process; the liquid phase generated by high-temperature decomposition of cordierite can promote the formation of mullite crystals, the formation of the mullite crystals in the glaze layer is beneficial to generating the matt effect, the matt transmutation glaze surface is fine and smooth, the color is soft, the thermal stability and the chemical stability are excellent, and the service performance is superior to that of matt transmutation glaze made of other materials.
Further preferably, the ground glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28-32 parts of refined potash feldspar, 1.9-2.1 parts of animal bone ash, 14-16 parts of refined quartz, 9-11 parts of lime, 4.5-5.5 parts of talc, 4.5-5.5 parts of refined cordierite, 9-11 parts of silicon carbonate, 1.8-2.2 parts of copper oxide, 4.5-5.5 parts of tin oxide, 4.5-5.5 parts of zinc oxide, 6-7 parts of aluminum oxide, 14-16 parts of barium carbonate and 18-22 parts of boron;
the overglaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-22 parts of refined potash feldspar, 9-11 parts of refined quartz, 4.5-5.5 parts of talc, 9-11 parts of zirconium phosphate, 5-7 parts of titanium oxide, 4.5-5.5 parts of tin oxide, 38-42 parts of frit, 7-9 parts of refined dolomite, 7-9 parts of zinc oxide and 1.8-2.2 parts of copper oxide.
Further preferably, the lime is industrially pure calcined lime; the silicon carbonate is industrial pure silicon carbonate; the copper oxide is industrial pure copper oxide; the tin oxide is industrial pure tin oxide; the zinc oxide is industrial pure zinc oxide; the alumina is industrial pure alumina; the barium carbonate is industrial pure barium carbonate; the titanium oxide is industrial pure titanium oxide.
Further preferably, the preparation process of the refined potassium feldspar comprises the following steps: crushing potassium feldspar, then putting the crushed potassium feldspar into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 800-900 ℃, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined potassium feldspar;
the preparation process of the refined cordierite comprises the following steps: crushing cordierite, putting the crushed cordierite into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 750-800 ℃, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined cordierite;
the preparation process of the refined dolomite comprises the following steps: crushing dolomite, putting the crushed dolomite into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 850-1000 ℃, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined dolomite;
the preparation process of the refined quartz comprises the following steps: and crushing quartz, putting the crushed quartz into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2-3 h at the temperature of 850-1000 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the refined quartz.
The preparation method of the copper red matte transmutation glaze comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing base glaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, animal bone ash, refined quartz, lime, talc, refined cordierite, silicon carbonate, copper oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate and boron according to the weight part ratio, crushing the mixture into particles with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, stirring and mixing the powder, sieving the mixed powder with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a ground glaze raw material, carrying out ball milling on the ground glaze raw material and purified water, and sieving the ground glaze slurry with a 180-mesh sieve after ball discharge to obtain the ground glaze slurry for later use;
step two, preparing overglaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, refined quartz, talc, zirconium phosphate, titanium oxide, tin oxide, frit, refined dolomite, zinc oxide and copper oxide according to the weight part ratio, crushing the mixture to the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, stirring and mixing the powder, sieving the mixed powder with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a surface glaze raw material, performing ball milling on the surface glaze raw material and purified water, and sieving the glaze slurry after ball discharge with a 180-mesh sieve to obtain a surface glaze slurry for later use;
step three, preparing a base glaze: directly spraying glaze on the ground glaze slurry in the step one on a ceramic blank, wherein the specific gravity of the sprayed glaze is 1.20-1.60 g/ml, and after spraying for three times, firing the ground glaze slurry in a reducing atmosphere to obtain the ground glaze;
step four, preparing overglaze: and D, directly spraying the overglaze slip in the step II on the ground glaze, wherein the spraying proportion is 1.00-1.30 g/ml, spraying for three times, and then sintering in a reducing atmosphere to obtain the overglaze.
Copper oxide is added into both the ground glaze and the overglaze of the transmutation glaze, the transmutation glaze is fired in a reducing atmosphere to be red, the transmutation glaze is fired at 1210-1250 ℃ for 20-40 min, the glaze surface is smooth and regular, transmutation is obvious, and the white stripes of the red glaze surface are obviously separated out; the animal bone ash is added into the ground glaze, so that the glaze surface is smooth, the number of pinholes is small, and the quality of the glaze surface is improved.
Further, the mass ratio of the ground glaze raw material, the purified water and the balls in the first step is 1: (0.9-1.1): (1.8-2.2); in the second step, the mass ratio of the glaze raw material, the purified water and the balls is 1: (0.8-1.0): (1.6-1.8).
Further, the specific gravity of glaze spraying in the third step is 1.35-1.45 g/ml; the specific gravity of the glaze spraying in the fourth step is 1.20-1.25 g/ml.
Furthermore, the firing temperature in the third step is 1210-1250 ℃, and the firing time is 20-40 min; in the fourth step, the firing temperature is 1210-1250 ℃, and the firing time is 20-40 min.
Further preferably, the firing temperature in the third step is 1230 ℃, and the firing time is 40 min; in the fourth step, the firing temperature is 1230 ℃, and the firing time is 40 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the ground coat is formed by mixing refined potassium feldspar, animal bone ash, quartz, lime, talc, refined cordierite, silicon carbonate, copper oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate and boron, wherein the potassium feldspar and the cordierite are refined, the impurity content is low, the sintered ground coat has good transmutation effect and strong production adaptability, the finished product rate is high after sintering, and the defects of brown eyes, rolling glaze and the like of the conventional transmutation glaze can not occur;
2. cordierite, copper oxide, zinc oxide and the like are added to prepare the kiln-transmutation glaze with various colors, so that the color of the ceramic kiln-transmutation glaze is richer, and the product is more beautiful and elegant; the glaze surface added with cordierite has good performance, wide firing temperature range and stable firing process; the liquid phase generated by high-temperature decomposition of cordierite can promote the formation of mullite crystals, the formation of the mullite crystals in the glaze layer is beneficial to generating the matt effect, the matt transmutation glaze surface is fine and smooth, the color is soft, the thermal stability and the chemical stability are excellent, and the service performance is superior to that of matt transmutation glaze made of other materials;
3. copper oxide is added into both the ground glaze and the overglaze of the transmutation glaze, the transmutation glaze is fired in a reducing atmosphere to be red, the transmutation glaze is fired at 1210-1250 ℃ for 20-40 min, the glaze surface is smooth and regular, transmutation is obvious, and the white stripes of the red glaze surface are obviously separated out; the animal bone ash is added into the ground glaze, so that the glaze surface is smooth, the number of pinholes is small, and the quality of the glaze surface is improved.
4. The copper red matte glazed ceramic product prepared by the invention also has good wear resistance and thermal shock resistance, and can be widely applied to daily ceramics.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
Example 1
A copper red matte transmutation glaze is composed of a ground glaze and a surface glaze, wherein the ground glaze is applied on a ceramic blank body, and the surface glaze is applied on the ground glaze:
the ground coat comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of refined potash feldspar, 1.8 parts of animal bone ash, 12 parts of refined quartz, 9 parts of lime, 4 parts of talcum, 4 parts of refined cordierite, 8 parts of silicon carbonate, 1.5 parts of copper oxide, 4 parts of tin oxide, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 5 parts of aluminum oxide, 12 parts of barium carbonate and 15 parts of boron;
the overglaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of refined potash feldspar, 8 parts of refined quartz, 4 parts of talc, 8 parts of zirconium phosphate, 4 parts of titanium oxide, 4 parts of tin oxide, 35 parts of frit, 6 parts of refined dolomite, 6 parts of zinc oxide and 1.5 parts of copper oxide;
the lime is industrial pure calcined lime; the silicon carbonate is industrial pure silicon carbonate; the copper oxide is industrial pure copper oxide; the tin oxide is industrial pure tin oxide; the zinc oxide is industrial pure zinc oxide; the alumina is industrial pure alumina; the barium carbonate is industrial pure barium carbonate; the titanium oxide is industrial pure titanium oxide;
the preparation process of the refined potassium feldspar comprises the following steps: crushing the potassium feldspar, putting the crushed potassium feldspar into a calcining furnace, calcining for 3 hours at the temperature of 800 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined potassium feldspar;
the preparation process of the refined cordierite comprises the following steps: crushing cordierite, putting the crushed cordierite into a calcining furnace, calcining the crushed cordierite for 3 hours at the temperature of 750 ℃, and sieving the crushed cordierite with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined cordierite;
the preparation process of the refined dolomite comprises the following steps: crushing dolomite, putting the crushed dolomite into a calcining furnace, calcining for 3 hours at the temperature of 850 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined dolomite;
the preparation process of the refined quartz comprises the following steps: crushing quartz, calcining in a calcining furnace at 850 deg.c for 3 hr, and 200 mesh sieving to obtain refined quartz.
The preparation method of the copper red matte transmutation glaze comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing base glaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, animal bone ash, refined quartz, lime, talc, refined cordierite, silicon carbonate, copper oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate and boron according to the weight part ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a ground glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the ground glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.9: 1.8, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain ground glaze slip for later use;
step two, preparing overglaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, refined quartz, talc, zirconium phosphate, titanium oxide, tin oxide, frit, refined dolomite, zinc oxide and copper oxide according to the weight ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.8: 1.6, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain overglaze glaze slip for later use;
step three, preparing a base glaze: directly spraying the ground glaze slip in the step one on a ceramic blank, wherein the spraying specific gravity is 1.20g/ml, spraying for three times, and then firing in a reducing atmosphere, wherein the firing temperature is 1210 ℃, and the firing time is 40min, so as to obtain the ground glaze;
step four, preparing overglaze: and D, directly spraying the overglaze slip in the step II on the ground glaze, wherein the spraying specific gravity is 1.00g/ml, spraying the overglaze slip for three times, and then firing in a reducing atmosphere, wherein the firing temperature is 1210 ℃, and the firing time is 40min, so that the overglaze is obtained.
Example 2
A copper red matte transmutation glaze is composed of a ground glaze and a surface glaze, wherein the ground glaze is applied on a ceramic blank body, and the surface glaze is applied on the ground glaze:
the ground coat comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of refined potash feldspar, 2.2 parts of animal bone ash, 18 parts of refined quartz, 11 parts of lime, 6 parts of talc, 6 parts of refined cordierite, 12 parts of silicon carbonate, 2.5 parts of copper oxide, 6 parts of tin oxide, 6 parts of zinc oxide, 8 parts of alumina, 18 parts of barium carbonate and 25 parts of boron;
the overglaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of refined potash feldspar, 12 parts of refined quartz, 6 parts of talc, 12 parts of zirconium phosphate, 8 parts of titanium oxide, 6 parts of tin oxide, 45 parts of frit, 10 parts of refined dolomite, 10 parts of zinc oxide and 2.5 parts of copper oxide;
the lime is industrial pure calcined lime; the silicon carbonate is industrial pure silicon carbonate; the copper oxide is industrial pure copper oxide; the tin oxide is industrial pure tin oxide; the zinc oxide is industrial pure zinc oxide; the alumina is industrial pure alumina; the barium carbonate is industrial pure barium carbonate; the titanium oxide is industrial pure titanium oxide;
the preparation process of the refined potassium feldspar comprises the following steps: crushing the potassium feldspar, putting the crushed potassium feldspar into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2 hours at the temperature of 900 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined potassium feldspar;
the preparation process of the refined cordierite comprises the following steps: crushing cordierite, putting the crushed cordierite into a calcining furnace, calcining the crushed cordierite for 2 hours at the temperature of 800 ℃, and sieving the crushed cordierite with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined cordierite;
the preparation process of the refined dolomite comprises the following steps: crushing dolomite, putting the crushed dolomite into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2 hours at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined dolomite;
the preparation process of the refined quartz comprises the following steps: crushing quartz, calcining in a calcining furnace at 1000 deg.c for 2 hr, and sieving with 200 mesh sieve to obtain refined quartz.
The preparation method of the copper red matte transmutation glaze comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing base glaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, animal bone ash, quartz, lime, talc, refined cordierite, silicon carbonate, copper oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate and boron according to the weight part ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a ground glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the ground glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.1: 2.2, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain ground glaze slip for later use;
step two, preparing overglaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, quartz, talc, zirconium phosphate, titanium oxide, tin oxide, frit, dolomite, zinc oxide and copper oxide according to the weight ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.0: 1.8, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain overglaze glaze slip for later use;
step three, preparing a base glaze: directly spraying glaze on the ground glaze slurry in the step one on a ceramic blank, wherein the specific gravity of the sprayed glaze is 1.60g/ml, spraying the ground glaze slurry for three times, and then firing the ground glaze slurry in a reducing atmosphere at the firing temperature of 1250 ℃ for 20min to obtain the ground glaze;
step four, preparing overglaze: and D, directly spraying the overglaze slip in the step II on the ground glaze, wherein the spraying proportion is 1.30g/ml, spraying for three times, and then firing in a reducing atmosphere, wherein the firing temperature is 1250 ℃, and the firing time is 20-min, so that the overglaze is obtained.
Example 3
A copper red matte transmutation glaze is composed of a ground glaze and a surface glaze, wherein the ground glaze is applied on a ceramic blank body, and the surface glaze is applied on the ground glaze:
the ground coat comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of refined potash feldspar, 1.9 parts of animal bone ash, 14 parts of refined quartz, 9 parts of lime, 4.5 parts of talcum, 4.5 parts of refined cordierite, 9 parts of silicon carbonate, 1.8 parts of copper oxide, 4.5 parts of tin oxide, 4.5 parts of zinc oxide, 6 parts of aluminum oxide, 14 parts of barium carbonate and 18 parts of boron;
the overglaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18 parts of refined potash feldspar, 9 parts of refined quartz, 4.5 parts of talc, 9 parts of zirconium phosphate, 5 parts of titanium oxide, 4.5 parts of tin oxide, 38 parts of frit, 7 parts of refined dolomite, 7 parts of zinc oxide and 1.8 parts of copper oxide;
the lime is industrial pure calcined lime; the silicon carbonate is industrial pure silicon carbonate; the copper oxide is industrial pure copper oxide; the tin oxide is industrial pure tin oxide; the zinc oxide is industrial pure zinc oxide; the alumina is industrial pure alumina; the barium carbonate is industrial pure barium carbonate; the titanium oxide is industrial pure titanium oxide;
the preparation process of the refined potassium feldspar comprises the following steps: crushing the potassium feldspar, putting the crushed potassium feldspar into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 850 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined potassium feldspar;
the preparation process of the refined cordierite comprises the following steps: crushing cordierite, putting the crushed cordierite into a calcining furnace, calcining the cordierite for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 880 ℃, and sieving the cordierite with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined cordierite;
the preparation process of the refined dolomite comprises the following steps: crushing dolomite, putting the crushed dolomite into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 950 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined dolomite;
the preparation process of the refined quartz comprises the following steps: and crushing quartz, putting the crushed quartz into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 950 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the refined quartz.
The preparation method of the copper red matte transmutation glaze comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing base glaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, animal bone ash, quartz, lime, talc, refined cordierite, silicon carbonate, copper oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate and boron according to the weight part ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a ground glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the ground glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.0: 2.0, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain ground glaze slip for later use;
step two, preparing overglaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, quartz, talc, zirconium phosphate, titanium oxide, tin oxide, frit, dolomite, zinc oxide and copper oxide according to the weight parts, crushing the mixture to obtain a glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.9: 1.7, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain overglaze glaze slip for later use;
step three, preparing a base glaze: directly spraying the ground glaze slip in the step one on a ceramic blank, wherein the spraying specific gravity is 1.45g/ml, spraying for three times, and then firing in a reducing atmosphere, wherein the firing temperature is 1230 ℃, and the firing time is 30min, so as to obtain the ground glaze;
step four, preparing overglaze: and D, directly spraying the overglaze slip in the step II on the ground glaze, wherein the spraying specific gravity is 1.25g/ml, spraying the overglaze slip for three times, and then firing in a reducing atmosphere at the firing temperature of 1230 ℃ for 30min to obtain the overglaze.
Example 4
A copper red matte transmutation glaze is composed of a ground glaze and a surface glaze, wherein the ground glaze is applied on a ceramic blank body, and the surface glaze is applied on the ground glaze:
the ground coat comprises the following components in parts by weight: 32 parts of refined potash feldspar, 2.1 parts of animal bone ash, 16 parts of refined quartz, 11 parts of lime, 5.5 parts of talcum, 5.5 parts of refined cordierite, 11 parts of silicon carbonate, 2.2 parts of copper oxide, 5.5 parts of tin oxide, 5.5 parts of zinc oxide, 7 parts of aluminum oxide, 16 parts of barium carbonate and 22 parts of boron;
the overglaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of refined potash feldspar, 11 parts of refined quartz, 5.5 parts of talc, 11 parts of zirconium phosphate, 7 parts of titanium oxide, 5.5 parts of tin oxide, 42 parts of frit, 9 parts of refined dolomite, 9 parts of zinc oxide and 2.2 parts of copper oxide;
the lime is industrial pure calcined lime; the silicon carbonate is industrial pure silicon carbonate; the copper oxide is industrial pure copper oxide; the tin oxide is industrial pure tin oxide; the zinc oxide is industrial pure zinc oxide; the alumina is industrial pure alumina; the barium carbonate is industrial pure barium carbonate; the titanium oxide is industrial pure titanium oxide;
the preparation process of the refined potassium feldspar comprises the following steps: crushing the potassium feldspar, putting the crushed potassium feldspar into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 850 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined potassium feldspar;
the preparation process of the refined cordierite comprises the following steps: crushing cordierite, putting the crushed cordierite into a calcining furnace, calcining the cordierite for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 880 ℃, and sieving the cordierite with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined cordierite;
the preparation process of the refined dolomite comprises the following steps: crushing dolomite, putting the crushed dolomite into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 900 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined dolomite;
the preparation process of the refined quartz comprises the following steps: and crushing quartz, putting the crushed quartz into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 900 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the refined quartz.
The preparation method of the copper red matte transmutation glaze comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing base glaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, animal bone ash, quartz, lime, talc, refined cordierite, silicon carbonate, copper oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate and boron according to the weight part ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a ground glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the ground glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.1: 2.0, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain ground glaze slip for later use;
step two, preparing overglaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, quartz, talc, zirconium phosphate, titanium oxide, tin oxide, frit, dolomite, zinc oxide and copper oxide according to the weight ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.9: 1.8, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain overglaze glaze slip for later use;
step three, preparing a base glaze: directly spraying the ground glaze slip in the step one on a ceramic blank, wherein the spraying specific gravity is 1.35g/ml, spraying for three times, and then firing in a reducing atmosphere, wherein the firing temperature is 1250 ℃, and the firing time is 40min, so as to obtain the ground glaze;
step four, preparing overglaze: and D, directly spraying the overglaze slip in the step II on the ground glaze, wherein the spraying proportion is 1.20g/ml, spraying for three times, and then firing in a reducing atmosphere, wherein the firing temperature is 1250 ℃, and the firing time is 40min, so that the overglaze is obtained.
Example 5
A copper red matte transmutation glaze is composed of a ground glaze and a surface glaze, wherein the ground glaze is applied on a ceramic blank body, and the surface glaze is applied on the ground glaze:
the ground coat comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of refined potash feldspar, 2.0 parts of animal bone ash, 15 parts of refined quartz, 10 parts of lime, 5 parts of talcum, 5 parts of refined cordierite, 10 parts of silicon carbonate, 2.0 parts of copper oxide, 5 parts of tin oxide, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 6 parts of alumina, 15 parts of barium carbonate and 20 parts of boron;
the overglaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of refined potash feldspar, 10 parts of refined quartz, 5 parts of talc, 10 parts of zirconium phosphate, 6 parts of titanium oxide, 5 parts of tin oxide, 40 parts of frit, 8 parts of refined dolomite, 8 parts of zinc oxide and 2.0 parts of copper oxide;
the lime is industrial pure calcined lime; the silicon carbonate is industrial pure silicon carbonate; the copper oxide is industrial pure copper oxide; the tin oxide is industrial pure tin oxide; the zinc oxide is industrial pure zinc oxide; the alumina is industrial pure alumina; the barium carbonate is industrial pure barium carbonate; the titanium oxide is industrial pure titanium oxide;
the preparation process of the refined potassium feldspar comprises the following steps: crushing the potassium feldspar, putting the crushed potassium feldspar into a calcining furnace, calcining for 3 hours at the temperature of 850 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined potassium feldspar;
the preparation process of the refined cordierite comprises the following steps: crushing cordierite, putting the crushed cordierite into a calcining furnace, calcining the crushed cordierite for 3 hours at the temperature of 800 ℃, and sieving the crushed cordierite with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined cordierite;
the preparation process of the refined dolomite comprises the following steps: crushing dolomite, putting the crushed dolomite into a calcining furnace, calcining for 3 hours at the temperature of 900 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined dolomite;
the preparation process of the refined quartz comprises the following steps: crushing quartz, calcining in a calcining furnace at 900 deg.c for 3 hr, and sieving with 200 mesh sieve to obtain refined quartz.
The preparation method of the copper red matte transmutation glaze comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing base glaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, animal bone ash, quartz, lime, talc, refined cordierite, silicon carbonate, copper oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate and boron according to the weight part ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a ground glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the ground glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.0: 2.0, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain ground glaze slip for later use;
step two, preparing overglaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, quartz, talc, zirconium phosphate, titanium oxide, tin oxide, frit, dolomite, zinc oxide and copper oxide according to the weight ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.9: 1.7, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain overglaze glaze slip for later use;
step three, preparing a base glaze: directly spraying the ground glaze slip in the step one on a ceramic blank, wherein the spraying specific gravity is 1.40/ml, spraying for three times, and then firing in a reducing atmosphere, wherein the firing temperature is 1230 ℃, and the firing time is 40min, so as to obtain the ground glaze;
step four, preparing overglaze: and D, directly spraying the overglaze slip in the step II on the ground glaze, wherein the spraying specific gravity is 1.20g/ml, spraying the overglaze slip for three times, and then firing in a reducing atmosphere at the firing temperature of 1230 ℃ for 40min to obtain the overglaze.
Example 6
A copper red matte transmutation glaze is composed of a ground glaze and a surface glaze, wherein the ground glaze is applied on a ceramic blank body, and the surface glaze is applied on the ground glaze:
the ground coat comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of refined potash feldspar, 2.0 parts of animal bone ash, 15 parts of refined quartz, 10 parts of lime, 5 parts of talcum, 5 parts of refined cordierite, 10 parts of silicon carbonate, 2.0 parts of copper oxide, 5 parts of tin oxide, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 6 parts of alumina, 15 parts of barium carbonate and 20 parts of boron;
the overglaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of refined potash feldspar, 10 parts of refined quartz, 5 parts of talc, 10 parts of zirconium phosphate, 6 parts of titanium oxide, 5 parts of tin oxide, 40 parts of frit, 8 parts of refined dolomite, 8 parts of zinc oxide and 2.0 parts of copper oxide;
the lime is industrial pure calcined lime; the silicon carbonate is industrial pure silicon carbonate; the copper oxide is industrial pure copper oxide; the tin oxide is industrial pure tin oxide; the zinc oxide is industrial pure zinc oxide; the alumina is industrial pure alumina; the barium carbonate is industrial pure barium carbonate; the titanium oxide is industrial pure titanium oxide;
the preparation process of the refined potassium feldspar comprises the following steps: crushing the potassium feldspar, putting the crushed potassium feldspar into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 900 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined potassium feldspar;
the preparation process of the refined cordierite comprises the following steps: crushing cordierite, putting the crushed cordierite into a calcining furnace, calcining the cordierite for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 800 ℃, and sieving the cordierite with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined cordierite;
the preparation process of the refined dolomite comprises the following steps: crushing dolomite, putting the crushed dolomite into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 900 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined dolomite;
the preparation process of the refined quartz comprises the following steps: and crushing quartz, putting the crushed quartz into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 900 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the refined quartz.
The preparation method of the copper red matte transmutation glaze comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing base glaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, animal bone ash, quartz, lime, talc, refined cordierite, silicon carbonate, copper oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate and boron according to the weight part ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a ground glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the ground glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.0: 2.0, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain ground glaze slip for later use;
step two, preparing overglaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, quartz, talc, zirconium phosphate, titanium oxide, tin oxide, frit, dolomite, zinc oxide and copper oxide according to the weight ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a glaze raw material with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and mixing the glaze raw material, purified water and balls according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.9: 1.7, performing ball milling, and sieving the glaze slip after ball discharging through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain overglaze glaze slip for later use;
step three, preparing a base glaze: directly spraying the ground glaze slip in the step one on a ceramic blank, wherein the spraying specific gravity is 1.40/ml, spraying for three times, and then firing in a reducing atmosphere, wherein the firing temperature is 1230 ℃, and the firing time is 40min, so as to obtain the ground glaze;
step four, preparing overglaze: and D, directly spraying the overglaze slip in the step II on the ground glaze, wherein the spraying specific gravity is 1.20g/ml, spraying the overglaze slip for three times, and then firing in a reducing atmosphere at the firing temperature of 1230 ℃ for 40min to obtain the overglaze.
Each of the produced cupreous matte glazed ceramics was prepared according to the methods of examples 1 to 6, and the properties of the cupreous matte glazed ceramics are shown in Table 1, and 5 pieces of the ceramics were measured in each of examples 1 to 6 according to the method for measuring thermal stability of domestic ceramics (GB/T3298-91) and respectively calculated as No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 and No. 5. According to the method for measuring the water absorption of domestic ceramics (GB/T3299-1996), 3 ceramic products are taken from each group in examples 1 to 6 and are tested, and are respectively counted as 1#, 2#, and 3 #. According to the method for measuring lead and cadmium release amount of daily ceramic ware (GB 3534-83), 6 ceramic products are taken from each group in examples 1-6 and are respectively counted as 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5# and 6 #.
As can be seen from Table 1, no crack is generated during the heat exchange at the temperature of-20 to 180 ℃, and the thermal stability of the copper red matte transmutation glaze can be determined to be qualified. The water absorption is not more than 3 percent, and the water absorption of the copper red matte transmutation glaze can be determined to be qualified. The Pb elution amount (ppm) is less than 0.1, and the Cd elution amount (ppm) is less than 0.01. In conclusion, the dissolution amount of lead and cadmium in the copper red matte transmutation glaze can be determined to meet the national standard requirements.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The copper red matte transmutation glaze is composed of a ground glaze and a surface glaze, wherein the ground glaze is applied to a ceramic blank, and the surface glaze is applied to the ground glaze, and is characterized in that:
the ground coat comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of refined potash feldspar, 1.8-2.2 parts of animal bone ash, 12-18 parts of refined quartz, 9-11 parts of lime, 4-6 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of refined cordierite, 8-12 parts of silicon carbonate, 1.5-2.5 parts of copper oxide, 4-6 parts of tin oxide, 4-6 parts of zinc oxide, 5-8 parts of aluminum oxide, 12-18 parts of barium carbonate and 15-25 parts of boron;
the overglaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of refined potash feldspar, 8-12 parts of refined quartz, 4-6 parts of talc, 8-12 parts of zirconium phosphate, 4-8 parts of titanium oxide, 4-6 parts of tin oxide, 35-45 parts of frit, 6-10 parts of refined dolomite, 6-10 parts of zinc oxide and 1.5-2.5 parts of copper oxide;
the preparation method of the copper red matte transmutation glaze comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing base glaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, animal bone ash, refined quartz, lime, talc, refined cordierite, silicon carbonate, copper oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate and boron according to the weight part ratio, crushing the mixture to a particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes to obtain a ground glaze raw material, performing ball milling on the ground glaze raw material and purified water, and sieving the ground glaze slurry with a 180-mesh sieve to obtain the ground glaze slurry for later use;
step two, preparing overglaze slip: mixing refined potash feldspar, refined quartz, talc, zirconium phosphate, titanium oxide, tin oxide, frit, refined dolomite, zinc oxide and copper oxide according to the weight part ratio, crushing the mixture to obtain a surface glaze raw material, performing ball milling on the surface glaze raw material and purified water, and screening the surface glaze slurry through a 180-mesh screen after ball discharge to obtain the surface glaze slurry for later use;
step three, preparing a base glaze: directly spraying glaze on the ground glaze slurry in the step one on a ceramic blank, wherein the specific gravity of the sprayed glaze is 1.20-1.60 g/ml, and after spraying for three times, firing the ground glaze slurry in a reducing atmosphere to obtain the ground glaze;
step four, preparing overglaze: and D, directly spraying the overglaze slip in the step II on the ground glaze, wherein the spraying proportion is 1.00-1.30 g/ml, spraying for three times, and then sintering in a reducing atmosphere to obtain the overglaze.
2. The copper red matte transmutation glaze according to claim 1, wherein the ground glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28-32 parts of refined potash feldspar, 1.9-2.1 parts of animal bone ash, 14-16 parts of refined quartz, 9-11 parts of lime, 4.5-5.5 parts of talc, 4.5-5.5 parts of refined cordierite, 9-11 parts of silicon carbonate, 1.8-2.2 parts of copper oxide, 4.5-5.5 parts of tin oxide, 4.5-5.5 parts of zinc oxide, 6-7 parts of aluminum oxide, 14-16 parts of barium carbonate and 18-22 parts of boron;
the overglaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-22 parts of refined potash feldspar, 9-11 parts of refined quartz, 4.5-5.5 parts of talc, 9-11 parts of zirconium phosphate, 5-7 parts of titanium oxide, 4.5-5.5 parts of tin oxide, 38-42 parts of frit, 7-9 parts of refined dolomite, 7-9 parts of zinc oxide and 1.8-2.2 parts of copper oxide.
3. The copper red matte transmutation glaze according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lime is industrial pure calcined lime; the silicon carbonate is industrial pure silicon carbonate; the copper oxide is industrial pure copper oxide; the tin oxide is industrial pure tin oxide; the zinc oxide is industrial pure zinc oxide; the alumina is industrial pure alumina; the barium carbonate is industrial pure barium carbonate; the titanium oxide is industrial pure titanium oxide.
4. The copper red matte transmutation glaze according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the refined potassium feldspar is prepared by the following steps: crushing potassium feldspar, then putting the crushed potassium feldspar into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 800-900 ℃, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined potassium feldspar;
the preparation process of the refined cordierite comprises the following steps: crushing cordierite, putting the crushed cordierite into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 750-800 ℃, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined cordierite;
the preparation process of the refined dolomite comprises the following steps: crushing dolomite, putting the crushed dolomite into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 850-1000 ℃, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain refined dolomite;
the preparation process of the refined quartz comprises the following steps: and crushing quartz, putting the crushed quartz into a calcining furnace, calcining for 2-3 h at the temperature of 850-1000 ℃, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the refined quartz.
5. The copper red matte transmutation glaze according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom glaze raw material, the purified water and the balls in the step one is 1: (0.9-1.1): (1.8-2.2); in the second step, the mass ratio of the glaze raw material, the purified water and the ball is 1: (0.8-1.0): (1.6-1.8).
6. The copper red matte transmutation glaze according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity of glaze spraying in the third step is 1.35-1.45 g/ml; the specific gravity of the glaze spraying in the fourth step is 1.20-1.25 g/ml.
7. The copper red matte transmutation glaze according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the temperature of the firing in the third step is 1210-1250 ℃, and the firing time is 20-40 min; the temperature of the firing in the fourth step is 1210-1250 ℃, and the firing time is 20-40 min.
8. The copper red matte transmutation glaze according to claim 7, wherein in the third step, the firing temperature is 1230 ℃, and the firing time is 40 min; in the fourth step, the firing temperature is 1230 ℃, and the firing time is 40 min.
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