CN109824235B - Ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupling sludge dewatering device - Google Patents
Ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupling sludge dewatering device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109824235B CN109824235B CN201910273856.9A CN201910273856A CN109824235B CN 109824235 B CN109824235 B CN 109824235B CN 201910273856 A CN201910273856 A CN 201910273856A CN 109824235 B CN109824235 B CN 109824235B
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 filter pressing Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupled sludge dewatering device, which comprises: the filter pressing device comprises a cathode filter plate (5), an anode filter pressing plate (20) and a filter pressing cavity (8), and forms a plurality of filter pressing cavities, wherein the cathode filter plate (5) and the anode filter pressing plate (20) of each filter pressing cavity are driven by a hydraulic system to move relatively so as to filter press sludge, and the cathode filter pressing plate (5) and the anode filter pressing plate (20) are electrified to perform electroosmosis in the whole or partial process of mechanical filter pressing; the ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic generator (17) and an ultrasonic transducer (19), wherein the ultrasonic transducer (19) is connected to the cathode filter pressing plate (5), and the ultrasonic transducer (19) is connected with the ultrasonic generator (17) through a wire. The invention improves the sludge dewatering rate and the dewatering effect and reduces the dewatering energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage sludge treatment, in particular to an ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupled sludge dewatering device.
Background
The sludge has the characteristics of hydrophilicity, colloid property, high compressibility, high water content and the like. In the mechanical dehydration process, the filter medium of the sludge layer is compressed to reduce the void content, only adsorbed water and capillary water on the surface can be removed, and bound water and interstitial water are difficult to remove, which is an important reason for high water content, after traditional mechanical dehydration, the water content of the sludge is generally 75% -80%, the water content of the sludge is too high, so that the transportation is inconvenient and the cost is high, and the sludge cannot be directly treated in a landfill site to cause long drying time, and a large amount of organic matters, rich nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients contained in the sludge are easy to rot to produce malodor, so that environmental pollution is caused. Other methods such as natural drying, heat drying, chemical dehydration, etc. However, the natural drying period is too long, secondary pollution is easy to generate, the heat drying energy consumption is too large, the flocculant is required to be added in chemical dehydration, the dehydration effect is poor, and the cost is high.
The mechanical dewatering mode and equipment mainly include belt type filtering dewatering, centrifugal dewatering and plate-frame press-filtering dewatering. For municipal sludge, the water content of filter cakes obtained after dehydration by a belt filter, a spiral shell stacking dehydrator and a centrifuge is about 75% -80%, and the water content of sludge obtained after dehydration by a diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press is about 60%. The ultra-high pressure elastic squeezer is a filter pressing device and a solid-liquid separation device with higher pressure and higher efficiency, and the whole process mainly comprises four processes of feeding, elastic squeezing, liquid receiving and discharging. The equipment pressure directly comes from the pressure of the hydraulic oil cylinder, the pressing pressure can reach 5-7MPa for single batch for direct pressing, and the water content of the dehydrated sludge can reach lower, but the problems of high energy consumption, high equipment cost, frequent replacement of the pressing spring and the like exist.
In the electroosmosis dehydration technology in the prior art, the electric field principle is mainly utilized to enable the sludge with negative charges to move to the anode, and the counter ions of the diffusion layer carry water molecules to move to the cathode. The voltage between the cathode and the anode is realized by constant voltage, and the resistance value is continuously changed while the thickness of the sludge is changed, so that a large amount of energy is wasted, and the dehydration effect is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems of high energy consumption and poor dehydration effect in the prior art, the invention provides an ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupled sludge dehydration device for improving the dehydration effect and reducing the dehydration energy consumption.
The technical proposal of the invention is to provide an ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupled sludge dewatering device, which comprises:
the filter pressing device comprises a cathode pressure filter plate, an anode pressure filter plate and a filter pressing cavity, wherein the cathode pressure filter plate, the anode pressure filter plate and the filter pressing cavity are in one-to-one correspondence and form a plurality of filter pressing cavities, the cathode pressure filter plate is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply, the anode pressure filter plate is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, filter cloth is laid on the inner surfaces of the cathode pressure filter plate and the anode pressure filter plate, the cathode pressure filter plate and the anode pressure filter plate of each filter pressing cavity are driven by a hydraulic system to move relatively so as to filter sludge, and the cathode pressure filter plate and the anode pressure filter plate are electrified to perform electroosmosis in the whole or partial process of mechanical filter pressing;
the ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the cathode pressure filter plate, and the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the ultrasonic generator through a wire.
As an improvement, hydraulic system includes master cylinder, left pneumatic cylinder and right pneumatic cylinder, the master cylinder is two-way work pneumatic cylinder, left side pneumatic cylinder and right pneumatic cylinder are the double-stroke work pneumatic cylinder, master cylinder, left pneumatic cylinder, right pneumatic cylinder and filter-pressing cavity are all installed on the support frame, corresponding negative pole filter-pressing board is connected respectively to the hydraulic stem of left side pneumatic cylinder and right pneumatic cylinder, corresponding negative pole filter-pressing board or positive pole filter-pressing board is all connected to the hydraulic stem of both sides of master cylinder.
As an improvement, each filter pressing chamber is provided with a corresponding displacement sensor, the displacement sensor is used for detecting the displacement of the corresponding anode filter pressing plate in the filter pressing chamber, so that the relative distance between the anode filter pressing plate and the cathode filter pressing plate can be determined, and the power supply adjusts the voltage between the anode filter pressing plate and the cathode filter pressing plate according to the distance between the anode filter pressing plate and the cathode filter pressing plate so as to realize electro-osmotic filter pressing under constant voltage gradient.
As an improvement, a cathode honeycomb plate is arranged on the inner side of the cathode filter pressing plate, the upper surface of the cathode honeycomb plate is covered with filter cloth, and the cathode filter pressing plate and the cathode honeycomb plate are matched to form a drainage cavity; the cathode filter pressing plate is provided with a water outlet at the outer side and a cathode lead interface, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged on the cathode honeycomb plate.
As improvement, the internal surface of filter pressing cavity is equipped with spacing step, negative pole filter pressing board outer lane open flutedly and be used for installing sealing rubber circle, sealing rubber circle diameter be greater than negative pole filter pressing board external diameter, when negative pole extreme pressure filter plate supports the spacing step of filter pressing cavity, negative pole extreme pressure filter plate forms interference fit with filter pressing cavity, forms sealed working chamber.
As an improvement, the filter pressing cavity is provided with a feed inlet, a sealing rubber ring is arranged at the matching port of the filter pressing plate with the anode, and an insulating rubber pad is arranged at the matching port of the filter pressing plate with the cathode; the outer ring of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with a groove for installing a sealing rubber ring, and the outer side of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with an anode lead interface; the inner side of the anode filter press plate is provided with a water outlet which is connected with the water outlet of the filter press cavity through a telescopic water outlet hose, so that the discharge of filter press water is realized; the anode honeycomb plate is arranged on the inner side of the anode extreme pressure filter plate, the anode extreme pressure filter plate is matched with the anode honeycomb plate to form a drainage cavity, the anode honeycomb plate is provided with a drainage channel, and the anode honeycomb plate is covered with filter cloth.
As an improvement, a voltage adjusting knob is arranged on the power supply, a synchronous belt is arranged on the voltage adjusting knob, the synchronous belt is driven by a stepping motor, and the stepping motor rotates according to the distance between the cathode filter pressing plate and the anode filter pressing plate detected by the displacement sensor so as to drive the voltage adjusting knob, so that the constant voltage gradient is realized by voltage adjustment.
In the electroosmosis process, sludge particles are adhered to filter cloth of a cathode filter pressing plate, an ultrasonic transducer can generate resonance effect on the cathode honeycomb plate, and ultrasonic waves with certain frequency and power are emitted to a sludge filter pressing chamber.
As an improvement, the displacement sensor is provided with a sensor connecting wire, the displacement sensor is respectively arranged at the outer side of the filter pressing cavity, and is connected with the anode filter pressing plate by the sensor traction steel wire bypassing the pulley, and the distance between the anode filter pressing plate and the cathode filter pressing plate can be detected in real time according to the displacement distance of the anode filter pressing plate, so that the voltage between the anode filter pressing plate and the cathode filter pressing plate is regulated, and the electroosmosis dehydration with constant voltage gradient is realized.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the method has the following advantages: the invention adopts the working mode of constant voltage gradient by the ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupling dehydration, and the electroosmosis system completely integrates the ultrasonic device and the mechanical filter pressing device in structure. The invention improves the sludge dewatering rate and the dewatering effect and reduces the dewatering energy consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a mechanical filter pressing part of the sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the mechanical filter pressing of the ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupled sludge dewatering device of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a filter-pressing cavity of the sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic wave and electroosmosis and mechanical filter-pressing;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the assembly of an ultrasonic transducer and a cathode honeycomb plate of a sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a cathode honeycomb panel of the sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of an anode honeycomb plate of a sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic waves, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing according to the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the assembly of a displacement sensor of the sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the DC power supply and the controller in the sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical press filtration.
As shown in the figure, 1, a direct current power supply; 2. a stepping motor; 3. a synchronous belt; 4. a first drain port; 5. a cathode filter plate; 6. a cathode lead; 7. a master hydraulic cylinder; 8. a filter pressing cavity; 9. a right hydraulic cylinder; 10. a feed inlet; 11. a displacement sensor; 12. a limit structure; 13. a sensor wire; 14. an anode wire; 15. a support frame; 16. a left hydraulic cylinder; 17. an ultrasonic generator; 18. a controller; 8-1, a second water outlet; 8-2, a drainage hose; 5-1, sealing the rubber ring; 5-2, a first filter cloth; 5-3, cathode honeycomb plate; 5-4, a drainage channel; 5-5, a third water outlet; 5-6, insulating rubber pad; 5-7, a drainage groove; 5-8, cathode lead interface; 19. an ultrasonic transducer; 20. an anode filter press plate; 20-1, a sensor steel wire connector; 20-2, anode honeycomb plate; 20-3, a second filter cloth; 20-4, anode lead interface; 11-1, sensor connecting wires; 11-2, a displacement sensor body; 11-3, a sensor pulls the steel wire; 11-4, pulleys; 21. an ultrasonic connecting wire.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples of embodiments.
The invention is intended to cover any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. In the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention, and the invention will be fully understood to those skilled in the art without such details. Furthermore, the drawings of the present invention are not necessarily to scale, nor are they necessarily drawn to scale.
As shown in figures 1-9, the ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupling sludge dewatering device of the invention is illustrated. The mechanical filter pressing part comprises a supporting frame 15, a main hydraulic cylinder 7, a left hydraulic cylinder 16, a right hydraulic cylinder 9, a cathode filter pressing plate 5, an anode filter pressing plate 20, a limiting structure 12, a filter pressing cavity 8, a cathode honeycomb plate 5-3, an anode honeycomb plate 20-2 and filter cloth 20-3, wherein a plurality of groups of filter pressing cavities 8 are dehydration units with the same structure, the left hydraulic cylinder 16, the main hydraulic cylinder 7 and the right hydraulic cylinder 9 are sequentially fixed on the supporting frame 15, and the main hydraulic cylinder 7 transmits mechanical pressure to the filter pressing cavities 8 on the left side and the right side through bidirectional movement. The cathode honeycomb plate 5-3 and the anode honeycomb plate 20-2 are made of steel materials.
The cathode pressure filter plate 5 and the anode pressure filter plate 20 are filter plates in filter pressing and electrode plates in electroosmosis, the electroosmosis system further comprises a displacement sensor 11, a sensor connecting wire 21, a pulley 11-4, a sensor steel wire connecting port 20-1, a controller 18, a stepping motor 2 and a direct current power supply 1, the displacement sensor 11 is respectively fixed on the outer side of the filter pressing cavity 8 and connected with the anode pressure filter plate by bypassing the pulley through a sensor traction steel wire 11-3, and the distance (sludge thickness) between the cathode pressure filter plates can be detected in real time according to the distance of anode plate displacement, so that the voltage between the two extreme pressure filter plates is regulated, and the electroosmosis dehydration with constant voltage gradient is realized.
The ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic generator 17, an ultrasonic transducer 19 and an ultrasonic transduction wiring port 19-2, wherein the ultrasonic transducer 19 is glued on the cathode honeycomb plate 5-3 and is connected with the ultrasonic generator 17 through a wire. The main hydraulic cylinder 7 is a bidirectional working hydraulic cylinder, so that mechanical pressure can be simultaneously transmitted to two directions, the left hydraulic cylinder 16 and the right hydraulic cylinder 9 are double-pass working hydraulic cylinders, double-pass movement can be realized, and simultaneous sludge dewatering operation of a plurality of groups of filter pressing cavities can be realized.
The multiple groups of filter pressing chambers are dehydration units with the same structure, and a material injection port 10 is formed in the filter pressing chamber 8. A sealing rubber ring is arranged at the matching port of the anode filter pressing plate 20, an insulating rubber pad 5-6 is arranged at the matching port of the cathode filter pressing plate, and a limiting structure 12 is arranged.
The positive electrode pressure filter plate 5 and the pressure filter cavity 8 are connected with a limiting structure 12, the positive electrode pressure filter plate 5 and the pressure filter cavity 8 are mainly used for limiting the coaxial cooperation of the positive electrode pressure filter plate 5 and the pressure filter cavity 8, the positive electrode pressure filter plate 5 is prevented from moving to the side in the working process, the negative electrode pressure filter plate 5 is also used for limiting the stroke of the positive electrode pressure filter plate 5 in the mud removing process, and mud discharging work can be accurately realized. The outer rings of the anode and cathode extreme pressure filter plates are provided with semicircular grooves for installing sealing rubber rings. The cathode honeycomb plate 5-3 is arranged in the cathode extreme pressure filter plate 5, the upper surface of the cathode honeycomb plate is covered with the first filter cloth 5-2, and the cathode extreme pressure filter plate and the cathode honeycomb plate are matched to form a drainage cavity. The outside of the cathode filter pressing plate 5 is provided with a water outlet 5-5 and a cathode lead interface 5-8, three ultrasonic transducers 19 are arranged in the cathode honeycomb plate, and the ultrasonic transducers are glued with the honeycomb plate together to realize the effect of ultrasonic waves on sludge dewatering. The cathode honeycomb plate is a mounting reserved position of the ultrasonic transducer, a drainage channel 5-4 and a drainage groove 5-7 are formed in the honeycomb plate, the drainage channel 5-4 is communicated with the drainage groove 5-7, and the drainage channel 5-4 is communicated with the drainage cavity. The outer ring of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with a semicircular groove for installing a sealing rubber ring, and the outer side of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with an anode lead interface 20-4 and a connecting port 20-1 of a displacement sensor steel wire. The inner side of the anode filter press plate 20 is provided with a water outlet which is connected with the water outlet of the filter press cavity through a telescopic water outlet hose 8-2, so as to realize the discharge of filter press water. The anode filter press plate 20 is matched with the anode honeycomb plate 20-2 to form a drainage cavity, the anode honeycomb plate 20-2 is provided with a drainage channel, and the honeycomb plate is covered with a second filter cloth 20-3.
The sealing rubber ring 5-1 has a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the cathode filter pressing plate 5, when the cathode plate is propped against the limit step of the filter pressing cavity, the limit step is used as a limit structure 12, the cathode filter pressing plate and the filter pressing cavity form interference fit, the sealing filter pressing cavity can be formed with the filter pressing cavity, multiple groups of filter pressing cavities can work simultaneously, and one group of filter pressing cavities comprises two filter pressing cavities, so that the working efficiency can be greatly improved. The main hydraulic cylinder 7 is a two-way working hydraulic cylinder, the left hydraulic cylinder 16 and the right hydraulic cylinder 9 are two-way working hydraulic cylinders, and the forward and backward movement of the two side pressure filter plates can be realized through the action of the hydraulic cylinders. The sludge is in the cavity, in the extrusion process, the main hydraulic cylinder 7 pushes the anode pressure filter plate 20 to move forwards, the volume of the sludge is continuously compressed to promote the water in the sludge to enter the drainage cavity of the pressure filter plate through the filter cloth covered on the two side pressure filter plates, and finally the water is discharged through the drainage outlet. The cathode honeycomb plate 5-3 is of a special structure designed for installing the ultrasonic transducer 19, and the drain grooves 5-7 on the honeycomb plate are used for guiding water on one side of the mud cake close to the circle center to the drain channels 5-4 on the edge of the honeycomb plate so as to drain the water. Along with the increase of the mechanical pressure, the volume and the thickness of the sludge are continuously reduced, the mechanical pressure is increased to a certain value, the pressure is maintained for 2 minutes, and the water in the sludge is fully filtered out.
The filter pressing cavity 8, the master hydraulic cylinder 7, left pneumatic cylinder 16, right pneumatic cylinder 9 are fixed on three support frames 15 in proper order, master hydraulic cylinder 7 be two-way work pneumatic cylinder, move into two filter pressing cavity 8 transmission pressure to both sides through the hydraulic stem, can realize advancing and the backing of both sides pressure filter plate through the effect of pneumatic cylinder. The anode filter pressing plate 20, the cathode filter pressing plate 5 and the filter pressing cavity 8 can form a sealed working cavity with variable volume. After the material injection of the multiple groups of chambers is completed, in the process of starting the filter pressing, the main hydraulic cylinder 7 pushes the anode pressure filter plate 20 to move forwards, the volume of the continuously compressed sludge promotes the water in the sludge to enter the drainage cavity of the filter pressing plate through the filter cloth covered on the two side pressure filter plates, and finally the water is discharged through the drainage outlet. Along with the increase of the mechanical pressure, the volume and the thickness of the sludge are continuously reduced, the mechanical pressure is increased to a certain value, the pressure is maintained for 2 minutes, and the water in the sludge is fully filtered out.
After the mechanical press filtration process is finished, the anode press filtration plate 20 continues to move forwards under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, and the cathode press filtration plate 20 moves backwards under the action of the hydraulic cylinder. Meanwhile, the mud cake after filter pressing is positioned between the two polar plates, and moves outside the filter pressing cavity along with the two polar plates, and when the cathode extreme pressure filter plate 5 moves to the maximum limiting distance, the movement is stopped. At this time, the anode filter-pressing plate 20 returns into the filter-pressing cavity, and the mud cake is suspended, and mud discharge is realized through the ultrasonic wave and the gravity action of the cathode plate. After the sludge discharge is completed, the cathode filter pressing plate 5 moves forwards under the action of the hydraulic cylinder and is in sealing fit with the filter pressing cavity 8 to form a sealing working cavity, and then the next actions of material injection, filter pressing, sludge discharge and the like are performed. The multiple groups of cylinder bodies continuously and reciprocally circulate to realize the working processes of material injection, filter pressing and mud discharge.
The direct current power supply 1 is an adjustable power supply and is fixed on a support, two extreme pressure filter plates are provided with lead interfaces, a lead led out by the positive electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with the anode filter pressing plate 20, a lead led out by the negative electrode is connected with the cathode filter pressing plate 5, and the direct current power supply 1 can regulate the voltage between the two positive electrode plates and the negative electrode plate in real time through the control of the stepping motor 2 in the extrusion process. The controller 18 receives the signal detected by the displacement sensor 11 in the extrusion process of the hydraulic cylinder, and does not receive the transmitted displacement signal after the press filtration process is finished, so as to complete the interlocking function of signal output.
The anode filter-pressing plate 20 is connected with the displacement sensor main body 11-2 through the sensor traction steel wire 11-3 and passes through the pulley 11-4, the distance (sludge thickness) between the anode filter plate and the cathode filter plate can be detected in real time according to the displacement distance of the anode plate, the controller 18 processes the obtained displacement signal and then transmits the signal to the driver of the stepping motor through the sensor connecting wire 11-1, and the stepping motor 2 is driven to regulate the voltage of the direct current power supply 1. And then the voltage between the two extreme pressure filter plates is regulated to realize the electroosmosis dehydration of constant voltage gradient. The controller 18, the stepping motor 2 and the direct current power supply 1 are fixed on the bracket together. The stepping motor 2 drives the direct-current power supply adjusting knob to rotate through the synchronous belt 3, and a constant voltage gradient working mode of electroosmosis is realized.
The ultrasonic transducers are fixed on the cathode honeycomb plate 5-3 in a triplet manner, the ultrasonic transducers 19 are fused with the mechanical filter pressing mechanism, the effect of ultrasonic waves on sludge dewatering can be well exerted, and the ultrasonic generator 17 is fixed on the frame. The ultrasonic transducer connection port 19-2 is connected with the ultrasonic generator 17 through a wire. In the electroosmosis process, sludge particles are easy to adhere to the cathode filter cloth, so that the ultrasonic transducer 19 is adhered to the cathode honeycomb plate 5-3 to generate resonance effect, ultrasonic waves with certain frequency and power can be sent to the sludge chamber, the dehydration efficiency can be improved, and the adhesion effect of the sludge on the filter cloth can be reduced through the vibration of the ultrasonic waves in the sludge removing process.
The working principle of the device is as follows:
when the work starts, all cathode filter pressing plates move previously under the driving action of the hydraulic cylinder, and when the cathode filter pressing plates are propped against the limit step of the filter pressing cavity, interference fit is formed between the cathode filter pressing plates and the filter pressing cavity, and the hydraulic cylinder stops acting. Simultaneously, all anode filter pressing plates are retracted to the feed inlet end of the filter pressing cavity. And the material is injected into all the feeding openings of the filter pressing cavities through the feeding pump, the material injection is completed for a period of time, at this time, the cathode filter pressing plate keeps a fixed position, the constant voltage gradient electroosmosis system and the ultrasonic device are electrified to start working, the anode filter pressing plate moves forwards under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the volume of the working cavity starts to shrink, and the coupling filter pressing is carried out. The filtered sewage enters the drainage groove and the drainage channel on the honeycomb plate through the filter cloth, then enters the drainage cavity of the filter press plate, and is discharged through the drainage outlet of the filter press plate. In the filter pressing process, free water in the sludge can be discharged in a large amount through ultra-high mechanical filter pressing, and capillary water, adsorbed water and internal combined water can be discharged in a large amount under the effects of constant voltage gradient electroosmosis and ultrasonic waves. The displacement change of the anode pressure filter plate is detected by a displacement sensor and is transmitted to a control board, the control board drives a direct current power supply to adjust the output voltage by a stepping motor, at the moment, the resistance value of the sludge is also continuously changed, and the constant voltage gradient electroosmosis can be realized by adjusting the output voltage. The ultrasonic generator converts electric energy into ultrasonic energy through the ultrasonic transducer, continuously transmits ultrasonic waves with certain frequency and power into the working chamber, so as to destroy the bacteria structure in the sludge and remove the water contained in the sludge. Along with the continuous increase of the mechanical pressure, the anode filter pressing plate continuously moves forwards, when the pressure reaches a certain pressure, the pressure is not increased, the displacement of the anode filter pressing plate gradually tends to be stable, the hydraulic cylinder continuously maintains the pressure for 2 minutes, and the constant-voltage electroosmosis system and the ultrasonic device continuously work. And after the coupling filter pressing work is finished, the hydraulic cylinder of the cathode filter press plate is relieved, and at the moment, the anode filter press plate continuously moves forward to push the mud cake and the cathode filter press plate to move forward until the cathode filter press plate reaches the maximum limit position. The electroosmosis system is closed, the ultrasonic device continues to work, the ultrasonic transducer is bonded with the cathode honeycomb plate together, resonance can be realized, mud cakes are separated from the cathode extreme pressure filter plate, and the mud cakes are prevented from being bonded on the filter cloth. The anode filter press plate starts to retract into the filter press cavity under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the mud cake is suspended, and mud discharge is realized through the ultrasonic wave and the gravity action of the cathode plate. After the first filter pressing work is finished, the whole device is controlled to carry out the next filter pressing work in the mode, all working processes circulate in sequence, and the rapid and efficient sludge dewatering work can be realized, so that the energy consumption can be saved, and the dewatering efficiency can be improved.
When in use, the dehydration is carried out according to the following steps:
step one: and debugging, namely sequentially connecting a displacement sensor, a controller, a stepping motor and a direct current power supply control bus, adjusting the voltage indication of the direct current power supply, and connecting an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer. All cathode filter pressing plates move previously under the driving action of the hydraulic cylinder, when the cathode filter pressing plates are propped against the limit step of the filter pressing cavity, interference fit is formed with the filter pressing cavity, and the hydraulic cylinder stops acting. Simultaneously, all anode filter pressing plates are retracted to the feed inlet end of the filter pressing cavity to form a sealed working cavity.
Step two: and injecting materials to all the feeding openings of the filter pressing cavities through a feeding pump, and completing the injection for a period of time, wherein the cathode filter pressing plate is kept at a fixed position.
Step three: and the constant voltage gradient electroosmosis system and the ultrasonic device are electrified to start working, the anode filter press plate moves forwards under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the volume of the working cavity starts to shrink, and the coupling filter press is carried out. In the filter pressing process, the displacement change of the anode filter pressing plate is detected through a displacement sensor, a detection signal is transmitted to a control board, the control board drives a direct current power supply to adjust output voltage through a stepping motor, at the moment, the resistance value of sludge is also continuously changed, and the constant voltage gradient electroosmosis can be realized by adjusting the output voltage. The ultrasonic generator converts electric energy into ultrasonic energy through the ultrasonic transducer, continuously transmits ultrasonic waves with certain frequency and power into the working chamber, so as to destroy the bacteria structure in the sludge and remove the water contained in the sludge.
Step four: and maintaining pressure, wherein the anode filter pressing plate continuously moves forwards along with the continuous increase of mechanical pressure, when the pressure reaches a certain pressure, the displacement of the anode filter pressing plate gradually tends to be stable, the hydraulic cylinder continuously maintains the pressure for 2 minutes, and the constant-voltage electroosmosis system and the ultrasonic device continuously work.
Step five: and unloading mud, releasing pressure by a hydraulic cylinder of the cathode filter plate, and at the moment, continuously moving the anode filter plate forwards to push the mud cake and the cathode filter plate forwards until the cathode filter plate reaches the maximum limit position. The electroosmosis system is closed, the ultrasonic device continues to work, the ultrasonic transducer is bonded with the cathode honeycomb plate together, resonance can be realized, mud cakes are separated from the cathode extreme pressure filter plate, and the mud cakes are prevented from being bonded on the filter cloth. The anode filter press plate starts to retract into the filter press cavity under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the mud cake is suspended, mud discharge is realized through the ultrasonic wave and the gravity action of the cathode plate, and the whole filter press work is completed.
Although the embodiments have been described and illustrated separately above, and with respect to a partially common technique, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that alternate and integration may be made between embodiments, with reference to one embodiment not explicitly described, and reference may be made to another embodiment described.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the above embodiments should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter press coupled sludge dewatering device comprising:
the filter pressing device comprises a cathode filter pressing plate (5), an anode filter pressing plate (20) and a filter pressing cavity (8), wherein the cathode filter pressing plate (5), the anode filter pressing plate (20) and the filter pressing cavity (8) are in one-to-one correspondence and form a plurality of filter pressing cavities, the cathode filter pressing plate (5) is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply, the anode filter pressing plate (20) is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, filter cloth is laid on the inner surfaces of the cathode filter pressing plate (5) and the anode filter pressing plate (20), the cathode filter pressing plate (5) and the anode filter pressing plate (20) of each filter pressing cavity are driven by a hydraulic system to move relatively to filter press sludge, and the cathode filter pressing plate (5) and the anode filter pressing plate (20) are electrified to perform electroosmosis in the whole or partial process of mechanical filter pressing;
the ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic generator (17) and an ultrasonic transducer (19), wherein the ultrasonic transducer (19) is connected to the cathode filter pressing plate (5), and the ultrasonic transducer (19) is connected with the ultrasonic generator (17) through a wire;
a cathode honeycomb plate (5-3) is arranged on the inner side of the cathode filter pressing plate (5), filter cloth is covered on the upper surface of the cathode honeycomb plate (5-3), and the cathode filter pressing plate (5) and the cathode honeycomb plate (5-3) are matched to form a drainage cavity; the cathode filter pressing plate (5) is provided with a water outlet (5-5) at the outer side and is provided with a cathode lead interface (5-8), and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers (19) are arranged on the cathode honeycomb plate (5-3);
in the electroosmosis process, sludge particles are adhered to filter cloth of a cathode filter pressing plate, an ultrasonic transducer (19) can generate resonance effect on a cathode honeycomb plate (5-3), and ultrasonic waves with certain frequency and power are sent to a sludge filter pressing chamber.
2. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter press coupled sludge dewatering device according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic system comprises a main hydraulic cylinder (7), a left hydraulic cylinder (16) and a right hydraulic cylinder (9), wherein the main hydraulic cylinder (7) is a bidirectional working hydraulic cylinder, the left hydraulic cylinder (16) and the right hydraulic cylinder (9) are double-stroke working hydraulic cylinders, the main hydraulic cylinder (7), the left hydraulic cylinder (16), the right hydraulic cylinder (9) and a filter pressing cavity (8) are all arranged on a supporting frame (15), hydraulic rods of the left hydraulic cylinder (16) and the right hydraulic cylinder (9) are respectively connected with a corresponding cathode filter pressing plate (5), and hydraulic rods on two sides of the main hydraulic cylinder (7) are respectively connected with a corresponding cathode filter pressing plate (5) or an anode filter pressing plate (20).
3. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical press filtration coupled sludge dewatering device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: each filter pressing cavity is provided with a corresponding displacement sensor (11), the displacement sensor (11) is used for detecting the displacement of a corresponding anode filter pressing plate (20) in the filter pressing cavity, so that the relative distance between the anode filter pressing plate (5) and the anode filter pressing plate (20) can be determined, and the power supply adjusts the voltage between the anode filter pressing plate (20) and the cathode filter pressing plate (5) according to the distance between the anode filter pressing plate (20) and the cathode filter pressing plate (5) to realize electro-osmotic filter pressing under constant voltage gradient.
4. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering device according to claim 3, wherein: the inner surface of the filter pressing cavity (8) is provided with a limit step, the outer ring of the cathode filter pressing plate (5) is provided with a groove for installing a sealing rubber ring (5-1), the diameter of the sealing rubber ring (5-1) is larger than the outer diameter of the cathode filter pressing plate (5), and when the cathode filter pressing plate (5) abuts against the limit step of the filter pressing cavity (8), the cathode filter pressing plate (5) and the filter pressing cavity (8) form interference fit to form a sealed working cavity.
5. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering device according to claim 4, wherein: the filter pressing cavity (8) is provided with a feed inlet (10), a sealing rubber ring is arranged at a matched port of the filter pressing cavity and the anode filter pressing plate (20), and an insulating rubber pad (5-6) is arranged at a matched port of the filter pressing cavity and the cathode filter pressing plate; the outer ring of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with a groove for installing a sealing rubber ring, and the outer side of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with an anode lead interface (20-4); a water outlet is arranged on the inner side of the anode filter press plate (20) and is connected with the water outlet of the filter press cavity (8) through a telescopic water outlet hose (8-2) so as to realize the discharge of filter press water; the inside of the anode filter pressing plate (20) is provided with an anode honeycomb plate (20-2), the anode filter pressing plate (20) is matched with the anode honeycomb plate (20-2) to form a drainage cavity, the anode honeycomb plate (20-2) is provided with a drainage channel, and the anode honeycomb plate is covered with filter cloth.
6. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering device according to claim 3, wherein: the power supply is provided with a voltage adjusting knob, the voltage adjusting knob is provided with a synchronous belt (3), the synchronous belt (3) is driven by a stepping motor (2), and the stepping motor (2) rotates according to the distance between a cathode filter pressing plate (5) and an anode filter pressing plate (20) detected by the displacement sensor so as to drive the voltage adjusting knob, so that voltage adjustment is carried out to realize constant voltage gradient.
7. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering device according to claim 3, wherein: the displacement sensor (11) is provided with a sensor connecting wire (11-1), the displacement sensor (11) is respectively arranged at the outer side of the filter pressing cavity (8), and is connected with the anode filter pressing plate by bypassing the pulley (11-4) through the sensor traction steel wire (11-3), and the distance between the anode filter pressing plate and the cathode filter pressing plate can be detected in real time according to the displacement distance of the anode filter pressing plate, so that the voltage between the anode filter pressing plate and the cathode filter pressing plate is regulated, and the electroosmosis dehydration with constant voltage gradient is realized.
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| WO2021184073A1 (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-09-23 | The University Of Queensland | Dewatering process |
| CN111574004A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-25 | 哈工大机电工程(嘉善)研究院 | Comprehensive experimental device for reduction of oily sludge |
| CN111747632A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-09 | 哈工大机电工程(嘉善)研究院 | Electroosmosis sludge drying filter-pressing sealing device |
| CN113860702B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2023-09-19 | 中国计量大学 | Multi-field coupling automatic sewage sludge dehydration method |
| CN114702223B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-09 | 山东祥龙新材料股份有限公司 | Sludge dewatering treatment device |
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