CN109824236B - Ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupled sludge dewatering method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupled sludge dewatering method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sludge dewatering method by coupling ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing, which comprises the following steps: a mud feeding stage: a plurality of filter pressing chambers are formed by corresponding the cathode filter pressing plate (5), the anode filter pressing plate (20) and the filter pressing cavities (8) one by one; all the cathode filter pressing plates move inwards under the driving action of a hydraulic system, and when the cathode filter pressing plates abut against the limiting position of the filter pressing cavity (8); at the moment, all the anode filter press plates move to the feed inlet end of the filter press cavity; injecting materials into the feed inlets of all the filter pressing chambers through a feed pump to complete sludge feeding; and (3) a dehydration stage: the cathode filter pressing plate is connected with an ultrasonic transducer (19) which is connected with an ultrasonic generator through a lead; and electrifying the cathode filter pressing plate and the anode filter pressing plate, starting the ultrasonic device to work, and moving the anode filter pressing plate forwards under the action of a hydraulic system to realize coupling filter pressing dehydration. The invention improves the sludge dehydration rate and dehydration effect and reduces the dehydration energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage and sludge treatment, in particular to a sludge dewatering method by coupling ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing.
Background
The sludge has the characteristics of hydrophilicity, colloidal property, high compressibility, high water content and the like. In the mechanical dehydration process, the filtration medium of the sludge layer is compressed to cause the reduction of the porosity, only the adsorbed water and capillary water on the surface can be removed, and the bound water and interstitial water are difficult to remove, which is an important reason for high water content. Other methods such as natural drying, heat drying, chemical dehydration, etc. However, the natural drying period is too long, secondary pollution is easy to generate, the heat drying energy consumption is too large, a flocculating agent needs to be added for chemical dehydration, the dehydration effect is poor, and the cost is high.
The mechanical dehydration mode and the equipment mainly comprise three types of belt type filtration dehydration, centrifugal dehydration and plate-and-frame filter pressing dehydration. For municipal sludge, the water content of filter cakes dehydrated by a belt filter, a screw-stacking dehydrator and a centrifugal machine is about 75-80%, and the water content of sludge dehydrated by a diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press is about 60%. The ultrahigh pressure elastic squeezer is a filter pressing device and a solid-liquid separation device with higher pressure and higher efficiency, and the whole process is mainly divided into four processes of feeding, elastic squeezing, liquid receiving, discharging and the like. The pressure of the equipment directly comes from the pressure of a hydraulic oil cylinder, the pressure can reach 5-7MPa for direct squeezing, and although the moisture content of the sludge dehydrated by the mode can reach lower, the equipment has the problems of high energy consumption, high equipment cost, frequent replacement of a squeezing spring and the like.
In the electroosmotic dehydration technology in the prior art, the electric field principle is mainly utilized to enable sludge with negative charges to move to an anode, and counter ions of a diffusion layer carry water molecules to move to a cathode. The voltage between the positive and negative poles is realized by constant voltage, and the resistance value is constantly changed while the thickness of the sludge is changed, so that a large amount of energy is wasted, and the dehydration effect is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems of high energy consumption and poor dehydration effect in the prior art, the invention provides an ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupling sludge dehydration method for improving the dehydration effect and reducing the dehydration energy consumption.
The technical scheme of the invention is to provide a sludge dewatering method by coupling ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing, which comprises the following steps:
a mud feeding stage: a plurality of filter pressing chambers are formed by corresponding the cathode filter pressing plate, the anode filter pressing plate and the filter pressing cavities one by one; all the cathode filter pressing plates move inwards under the driving action of a hydraulic system, and form interference fit with the filter pressing cavity when the cathode filter pressing plates abut against the limiting position of the filter pressing cavity; at the moment, all the anode filter press plates move to the feed inlet end of the filter press cavity; injecting materials into the feed inlets of all the filter pressing chambers through a feed pump to complete sludge feeding;
and (3) a dehydration stage: the cathode filter pressing plate is connected with an ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic transducer is connected with an ultrasonic generator through a lead; the cathode filter pressing plate is kept still, the cathode filter pressing plate and the anode filter pressing plate are electrified, the ultrasonic device also starts to work, the anode filter pressing plate moves forwards under the action of a hydraulic system, the volume of a filter pressing cavity starts to be reduced, and coupling filter pressing dehydration is realized.
After the coupling filter pressing is finished, a hydraulic system on the cathode filter pressing plate releases pressure, the anode filter pressing plate continues to move forward to push the mud cake and the cathode filter pressing plate to move forward until the cathode filter pressing plate reaches the maximum stroke, the cathode filter pressing plate and the anode filter pressing plate are powered off, the ultrasonic transducer and the ultrasonic generator continue to work, the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the cathode honeycomb plate to realize resonance, the mud cake is separated from the cathode filter pressing plate and is prevented from being bonded on filter cloth on the cathode filter pressing plate, the anode filter pressing plate retreats under the action of the hydraulic system, the mud cake is suspended, and mud discharging is realized through the action of ultrasonic waves and gravity emitted by the ultrasonic transducer on the cathode filter pressing plate.
As the improvement, hydraulic system includes master cylinder, left pneumatic cylinder and right pneumatic cylinder, the master cylinder is two-way work pneumatic cylinder, left side pneumatic cylinder and right pneumatic cylinder are two-way work pneumatic cylinder, master cylinder, left pneumatic cylinder, right pneumatic cylinder and filter-pressing cavity are all installed on the support frame, the hydraulic stem of left side pneumatic cylinder and right pneumatic cylinder is connected corresponding negative pole filter press plate respectively, corresponding negative pole filter press plate or positive pole filter press plate are all connected to the both sides hydraulic stem of master cylinder.
As an improvement, each filter-pressing cavity is provided with a corresponding displacement sensor, the displacement sensors are used for detecting the displacement of the corresponding anode filter-pressing plate in the filter-pressing cavity, so that the relative distance between the cathode filter-pressing plate and the anode filter-pressing plate can be determined, and the power supply adjusts the voltage between the cathode filter-pressing plate and the anode filter-pressing plate according to the distance between the cathode filter-pressing plate and the anode filter-pressing plate so as to realize electroosmosis filter-pressing under constant voltage gradient.
As an improvement, a cathode honeycomb plate is arranged on the inner side of the cathode filter press plate, filter cloth covers the upper surface of the cathode honeycomb plate, and the cathode filter press plate and the cathode honeycomb plate are matched to form a drainage cavity; the outer side of the cathode filter pressing plate is provided with a water outlet and a cathode lead interface, and the cathode honeycomb plate is provided with a plurality of ultrasonic transducers.
As the improvement, filter-pressing cavity internal surface is equipped with spacing step, negative pole filter-pressing board outer lane open and to have the recess to be used for installing the sealing rubber circle, sealing rubber circle diameter be greater than negative pole filter-pressing board external diameter, when negative pole filter-pressing board supported filter-pressing cavity's spacing step, negative pole filter-pressing board and filter-pressing cavity form interference fit, form sealed working chamber.
As an improvement, the filter pressing cavity is provided with a feed inlet, a sealing rubber ring is arranged at a matching port with the anode filter pressing plate, and an insulating rubber pad is arranged at a matching port with the cathode filter pressing plate; the outer ring of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with a groove for installing a sealing rubber ring, and the outer side of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with an anode lead interface; a water outlet is formed in the inner side of the anode filter pressing plate and connected with a water outlet of the filter pressing cavity through a telescopic water discharging hose, so that the filtered water is discharged; an anode honeycomb plate is arranged on the inner side of the anode filter pressing plate, the anode filter pressing plate is matched with the anode honeycomb plate to form a drainage cavity, a drainage channel is formed in the anode honeycomb plate, and filter cloth covers the anode honeycomb plate.
As an improvement, be equipped with voltage regulation knob on the power, be provided with the hold-in range at voltage regulation knob, the hold-in range is driven by step motor, step motor basis the distance between negative pole filter-pressing board and the positive pole filter-pressing board that displacement sensor detected rotates to drive voltage regulation knob carries out voltage regulation and realizes the constant voltage gradient.
As an improvement, in the electroosmosis process, sludge particles are bonded on filter cloth of a cathode filter press plate, and an ultrasonic transducer generates resonance action on a cathode honeycomb plate and sends ultrasonic waves with certain frequency and power to a sludge filter press chamber.
As an improvement, the displacement sensor is provided with a sensor connecting wire, the displacement sensor is respectively arranged at the outer side of the filter pressing cavity and is connected with the anode filter pressing plate by a sensor traction steel wire bypassing the pulley, and the distance between the cathode filter pressing plate and the anode filter pressing plate can be detected in real time according to the displacement distance of the anode filter pressing plate, so that the voltage between the cathode filter pressing plate and the anode filter pressing plate is adjusted, and the electroosmosis dehydration with constant voltage gradient is realized.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the method has the following advantages: the invention dehydrates by coupling ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing, and the electroosmosis system adopts a working mode of constant voltage gradient, and structurally integrates the ultrasonic wave and the mechanical filter pressing into a whole. The invention improves the sludge dehydration rate and dehydration effect and reduces the dehydration energy consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-pressing coupled sludge dewatering device;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a mechanical filter-pressing part of a sludge dewatering device coupled by ultrasonic waves, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a mechanical filter pressing of a sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic, electro-osmosis and mechanical filter pressing;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a filter-pressing cavity of a sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of an ultrasonic transducer and a cathode honeycomb plate of a sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a cathode honeycomb plate of the sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing;
FIG. 7 is a front view of an anode honeycomb plate of the sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing;
FIG. 8 is an assembly diagram of a displacement sensor of a sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a DC power supply and a controller in a sludge dewatering device coupled with ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing.
As shown, 1, a direct current power supply; 2. a stepping motor; 3. a synchronous belt; 4. a first drain port; 5. a cathode filter-pressing plate; 6. a cathode lead; 7. a master cylinder; 8. a filter pressing cavity; 9. a right hydraulic cylinder; 10. a feed inlet; 11. a displacement sensor; 12. a limiting structure; 13. connecting a sensor; 14. connecting an anode; 15. a support frame; 16. a left hydraulic cylinder; 17. an ultrasonic generator; 18. a controller; 8-1 and a second water outlet; 8-2, a drainage hose; 5-1, sealing a rubber ring; 5-2, first filter cloth; 5-3, cathode honeycomb plate; 5-4, a drainage channel; 5-5, a third water outlet; 5-6, insulating rubber pad; 5-7, a drainage groove; 5-8, cathode lead interface; 19. an ultrasonic transducer; 20. an anode filter-pressing plate; 20-1, a sensor steel wire connecting port; 20-2, an anode honeycomb plate; 20-3, second filter cloth; 20-4, an anode lead interface; 11-1, a sensor connecting wire; 11-2, a displacement sensor body; 11-3, drawing a steel wire by a sensor; 11-4, a pulley; 21. an ultrasonic connecting wire.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and alternatives that may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention. In the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. Moreover, the drawings of the present invention are not necessarily to scale, nor are they necessarily to scale, as may be shown and described herein.
As shown in figures 1-9, a sludge dewatering device with ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupling is illustrated. Wherein, mechanical filter-pressing part includes support frame 15, main hydraulic cylinder 7, left pneumatic cylinder 16, right pneumatic cylinder 9, negative pole filter-pressing board 5, positive pole filter-pressing board 20, limit structure 12, filter-pressing cavity 8, negative pole honeycomb panel 5-3, positive pole honeycomb panel 20-2, filter cloth 20-3 are constituteed, multiunit filter-pressing cavity 8 be the same dewatering unit of structure, left pneumatic cylinder 16, main hydraulic cylinder 7, right hydraulic cylinder 9 jar fix in proper order on support frame 15, main hydraulic cylinder 7 pass through two-way motion to the filter-pressing cavity 8 transmission mechanical pressure of the left and right sides. The cathode cellular board 5-3 and the anode cellular board 20-2 are made of steel materials.
The electro-osmosis system comprises a displacement sensor 11, a sensor connecting wire 21, a pulley 11-4, a sensor steel wire connecting port 20-1, a controller 18, a stepping motor 2 and a direct-current power supply 1, wherein the displacement sensor 11 is used for fixing the outer side of a filter pressing cavity 8 respectively, and is connected with the anode filter pressing plate by bypassing the pulley through a sensor drawing steel wire 11-3, and the distance (sludge thickness) between the cathode filter pressing plate and the anode filter pressing plate can be detected in real time according to the displacement distance of the anode plate, so that the voltage between the two filter pressing plates is adjusted, and electro-osmosis dehydration with constant voltage gradient is realized.
Based on the device, the sludge dewatering method by coupling ultrasonic wave, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing is formed and comprises the following basic steps:
a mud feeding stage: a plurality of filter pressing chambers are formed by corresponding the cathode filter pressing plate 5, the anode filter pressing plate 20 and the filter pressing cavities 8 one by one; all the cathode filter pressing plates move inwards under the driving action of a hydraulic system, and form interference fit with the filter pressing cavity 8 when the cathode filter pressing plates abut against the limiting position of the filter pressing cavity 8; at the moment, all the anode filter pressing plates move to the feed inlet end of the filter pressing cavity 8; injecting materials into the feed inlets of all the filter pressing chambers through a feed pump to complete sludge feeding;
and (3) a dehydration stage: the cathode filter pressing plate 5 is connected with an ultrasonic transducer 19, and the ultrasonic transducer 19 is connected with an ultrasonic generator 17 through a lead; the cathode filter pressing plate 5 is kept still, the cathode filter pressing plate 5 and the anode filter pressing plate 20 are electrified, the ultrasonic device also starts to work, the anode filter pressing plate moves forwards under the action of a hydraulic system, the volume of a filter pressing cavity starts to be reduced, and coupling filter pressing dehydration is realized.
After the coupling filter pressing is finished, a hydraulic system on the cathode filter pressing plate releases pressure, the anode filter pressing plate continues to move forward to push the mud cake and the cathode filter pressing plate to move forward until the cathode filter pressing plate reaches the maximum stroke, the cathode filter pressing plate 5 and the anode filter pressing plate 20 are powered off, the ultrasonic transducer 19 and the ultrasonic generator continue to work, the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the cathode honeycomb plate to realize resonance, the mud cake is separated from the cathode filter pressing plate and is prevented from being bonded on filter cloth on the cathode filter pressing plate, the anode filter pressing plate retreats under the action of the hydraulic system, the mud cake is suspended, and mud discharging is realized through the action of ultrasonic waves and gravity emitted by the ultrasonic transducer on the cathode filter pressing plate.
The ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic generator 17, an ultrasonic transducer 19 and an ultrasonic transducer wiring port 19-2, wherein the ultrasonic transducer 19 is glued on the cathode honeycomb plate 5-3 and is connected with the ultrasonic generator 17 through a lead. The main hydraulic cylinder 7 is a bidirectional working hydraulic cylinder, mechanical pressure can be transmitted to two directions simultaneously, the left hydraulic cylinder 16 and the right hydraulic cylinder 9 are double-stroke working hydraulic cylinders, double-stroke movement can be realized, and sludge dewatering work can be performed by multiple groups of filter pressing cavities simultaneously.
The multiple groups of filter pressing cavities are dehydration units with the same structure, and the filter pressing cavity 8 is provided with a feeding port 10. A sealing rubber ring is arranged at the matching port of the anode filter pressing plate 20, an insulating rubber pad 5-6 is arranged at the matching port of the cathode filter pressing plate, and a limit structure 12 is arranged.
The cathode filter pressing plate 5 and the filter pressing cavity 8 are connected through a limiting structure 12, the limiting structure is mainly used for limiting the coaxial matching of the cathode filter pressing plate 5 and the filter pressing cavity 8 and preventing the cathode filter pressing plate 5 from deviating in the working process, and the limiting structure is used for limiting the stroke of the cathode filter pressing plate 5 in the mud returning process and realizing the mud discharging operation accurately. And semicircular grooves are formed in the outer rings of the cathode and anode pressure filter plates and used for installing sealing rubber rings. The cathode honeycomb plate 5-3 is arranged in the cathode filter press plate 5, the first filter cloth 5-2 covers the upper surface of the cathode honeycomb plate, and the cathode filter press plate and the cathode honeycomb plate are matched to form a drainage cavity. The outer side of the cathode filter press plate 5 is provided with a water outlet 5-5 and a cathode lead interface 5-8, three ultrasonic transducers 19 are arranged in the cathode honeycomb plate, and the ultrasonic transducers are bonded with the honeycomb plate together to realize the effect of ultrasonic waves on sludge dewatering. The cathode honeycomb plate is a reserved installation position of the ultrasonic transducer, a drainage channel 5-4 and a drainage groove 5-7 are formed in the honeycomb plate, the drainage channel 5-4 is communicated with the drainage groove 5-7, and the drainage channel 5-4 is communicated with the drainage cavity. The outer ring of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with a semicircular groove for installing a sealing rubber ring, and the outer side of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with an anode lead interface 20-4 and a displacement sensor steel wire connecting port 20-1. The inner side of the anode filter pressing plate 20 is provided with a water outlet which is connected with the water outlet of the filter pressing cavity through a telescopic water drainage hose 8-2, so that the drainage of the filter pressing water is realized. The anode filter press plate 20 is matched with the anode honeycomb plate 20-2 to form a drainage cavity, the anode honeycomb plate 20-2 is provided with a drainage channel, and the honeycomb plate is covered with a second filter cloth 20-3.
The diameter of the sealing rubber ring 5-1 is larger than the outer diameter of the cathode filter pressing plate 5, when the cathode plate is pushed against the limit step of the filter pressing cavity, the limit step is used as the limit structure 12, the cathode filter pressing plate and the filter pressing cavity form interference fit, a sealed filter pressing cavity can be formed by the cathode filter pressing plate and the filter pressing cavity, multiple groups of filter pressing cavities can work simultaneously, one group of filter pressing cavities comprises two filter pressing cavities, and the working efficiency can be improved to a great extent. The main hydraulic cylinder 7 is a bidirectional working hydraulic cylinder, the left hydraulic cylinder 16 and the right hydraulic cylinder 9 are double-stroke working hydraulic cylinders, and the filter press plates on two sides can move forward and backward under the action of the hydraulic cylinders. The sludge is in the chamber, in the extrusion process, the main hydraulic cylinder 7 pushes the anode filter press plate 20 to move forwards, the volume of the sludge is continuously compressed, moisture in the sludge is promoted to enter a drainage cavity of the filter press plate through filter cloth covered on the filter press plates at two sides, and finally the sludge is discharged through a drainage outlet. The cathode honeycomb plate 5-3 is a special structure designed for mounting the ultrasonic transducer 19, and the water drainage groove 5-7 on the honeycomb plate is used for guiding water on one side of the mud cake close to the center of a circle to the water drainage channel 5-4 at the edge of the honeycomb plate so as to discharge the water. The volume and the thickness of the sludge are continuously reduced along with the increase of the mechanical pressure, the pressure is maintained for 2 minutes when the mechanical pressure is increased to a certain value, and the moisture in the sludge is fully filtered and pressed.
The filter pressing cavity 8, main hydraulic cylinder 7, left pneumatic cylinder 16, right pneumatic cylinder 9 fix in proper order on three support frames 15, main hydraulic cylinder 7 be two-way work pneumatic cylinder, move to both sides through the hydraulic stem and be two filter pressing cavity 8 transmission pressure, can realize the advance and retreat of both sides filter-pressing board through the effect of pneumatic cylinder. The anode filter pressing plate 20, the cathode filter pressing plate 5 and the filter pressing cavity 8 can form a sealed working cavity with variable volume. After the materials are injected into the multiple groups of chambers, in the process of starting filter pressing, the main hydraulic cylinder 7 pushes the anode filter pressing plate 20 to move forwards, the volume of the sludge is continuously compressed, moisture in the sludge is promoted to enter a drainage cavity of the filter pressing plate through filter cloth covered on the filter pressing plates at two sides, and finally the sludge is discharged through a drainage outlet. The volume and the thickness of the sludge are continuously reduced along with the increase of the mechanical pressure, the pressure is maintained for 2 minutes when the mechanical pressure is increased to a certain value, and the moisture in the sludge is fully filtered and pressed.
After the mechanical filter pressing process is finished, the anode filter pressing plate 20 continues to move forwards under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, and the cathode filter pressing plate 20 moves backwards under the action of the hydraulic cylinder. Meanwhile, the mud cake after filter pressing is positioned between the two polar plates and moves out of the filter pressing cavity along with the two polar plates, and the motion is stopped when the cathode filter pressing plate 5 moves to the maximum limit distance. At the moment, the anode filter pressing plate 20 returns to the inside of the filter pressing cavity, the mud cake is suspended, and mud discharging is realized through the action of the negative plate ultrasonic wave and gravity. After mud discharging is completed, the cathode filter press plate 5 moves forwards under the action of the hydraulic cylinder to be in sealing fit with the filter press cavity 8 to form a sealed working cavity, and then the next actions of material injection, filter pressing, mud discharging and the like are carried out. The working processes of material injection, filter pressing and mud discharge are realized by continuously reciprocating and circulating a plurality of groups of cylinders.
The direct current power supply 1 is an adjustable power supply and is fixed on the bracket, the positive and negative electrode filter press plates are provided with wire interfaces, a wire led out from the positive electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with the positive electrode filter press plate 20, a wire led out from the negative electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with the negative electrode filter press plate 5, and the voltage between the positive and negative electrode plates can be adjusted at any time by the direct current power supply 1 under the control of the stepping motor 2 in the extrusion process. The controller 18 receives the signal measured by the displacement sensor 11 during the extrusion process of the hydraulic cylinder, and does not receive the transmitted displacement signal any more after the filter pressing process is finished, thereby finishing the interlocking function of signal output.
The anode filter pressing plates 20 are connected with the displacement sensor main body 11-2 through the pulleys 11-4 by the sensor traction steel wires 11-3, and can detect the distance (sludge thickness) between the anode filter pressing plates and the cathode filter pressing plates in real time according to the displacement distance of the anode plate, the controller 18 processes the obtained displacement signals, and then transmits the signals to the driver of the stepping motor through the sensor connecting wires 11-1, so as to drive the stepping motor 2 to regulate the voltage of the direct current power supply 1. And further, the voltage between the two electrode filter pressing plates is regulated, and the electroosmosis dehydration with constant voltage gradient is realized. The controller 18, the stepping motor 2 and the direct current power supply 1 are fixed on the bracket together. The stepping motor 2 drives the direct current power supply adjusting knob to rotate through the synchronous belt 3, and the electroosmosis constant voltage gradient working mode is achieved.
The three ultrasonic transducers are fixed on the cathode honeycomb plate 5-3 in a group, the ultrasonic transducers 19 are fused with the mechanical filter pressing mechanism together, the effect of ultrasonic waves on sludge dehydration can be well played, and the ultrasonic generator 17 is fixed on the machine frame. The ultrasonic transducer wiring port 19-2 is connected with the ultrasonic generator 17 through a lead. In the electroosmosis process, sludge particles are easily bonded on the cathode filter cloth, so that the ultrasonic transducer 19 is bonded on the cathode honeycomb plate 5-3 to generate a resonance effect, and can emit ultrasonic waves with certain frequency and power to the sludge chamber, so that the dehydration efficiency can be improved, and the bonding effect of the sludge on the filter cloth can be reduced through the vibration of the ultrasonic waves in the sludge returning process.
The working principle of the device is as follows:
when the work starts, all the cathode filter pressing plates move previously under the driving action of the hydraulic cylinder, and when the cathode filter pressing plates push the limiting steps of the filter pressing cavity, the cathode filter pressing plates are in interference fit with the filter pressing cavity, and the hydraulic cylinder stops acting. And simultaneously, all the anode filter pressing plates return to the feed inlet end of the filter pressing cavity. And injecting materials into all filter pressing cavity feed inlets through a feed pump, wherein the materials are injected for a period of time, at the moment, the cathode filter pressing plate keeps a fixed position and is fixed, the constant voltage gradient electroosmosis system and the ultrasonic device start to work when being electrified, the anode filter pressing plate moves forwards under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the volume of the working cavity starts to be reduced, and coupling filter pressing is carried out. The press-filtered sewage enters the honeycomb plate upper drainage groove and the drainage channel through the filter cloth, then enters the drainage cavity of the press-filtering plate and is discharged through the drainage outlet of the press-filtering plate. In the filter pressing process, free water in the sludge can be discharged in a large amount through ultrahigh mechanical filter pressing, and capillary water, adsorbed water and internal combined water can be discharged in a large amount under the action of constant voltage gradient electroosmosis and ultrasonic waves. The displacement change of positive pole filter-pressing board then detects through displacement sensor to give the control panel with detected signal transmission, the control panel drives DC power supply through step motor and adjusts output voltage, and at this moment, the resistance of mud also constantly changes, adjusts output voltage and can realize the electroosmosis of constant voltage gradient. Ultrasonic generator passes through ultrasonic transducer and converts the electric energy into ultrasonic energy, to the ultrasonic wave of the continuous transmission certain frequency and power in the work chamber, destroys the fungus group structure inside the mud, takes off the moisture that it contained. The anode filter pressing plate continuously moves forwards along with the continuous increase of the mechanical pressure, when the pressure reaches a certain pressure, the pressure is not increased, the displacement of the anode filter pressing plate gradually tends to be stable, the hydraulic cylinder continuously maintains the pressure for 2 minutes, and the constant-voltage electroosmosis system and the ultrasonic device continuously work. And (4) after the coupling filter pressing work is finished, releasing the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder of the cathode filter pressing plate, and at the moment, continuously moving the anode filter pressing plate forward to push the mud cake and the cathode filter pressing plate forward to move until the cathode filter pressing plate reaches the maximum limit position. The electroosmosis system is closed, the ultrasonic device continues to work, the ultrasonic transducer and the cathode honeycomb panel are glued together, resonance can be realized, the mud cake is separated from the cathode filter press plate, and the mud cake is prevented from being stuck on the filter cloth. The anode filter pressing plate begins to return to the inside of the filter pressing cavity under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the mud cake is suspended, and mud discharging is realized under the action of the negative plate ultrasonic waves and gravity. After the first filter-pressing work is finished, the whole device is controlled to perform the next filter-pressing work in the mode, all working processes are circulated in sequence, the sludge dewatering work with high efficiency can be realized, the energy consumption can be saved, and the dewatering efficiency can be improved.
When in use, the dehydration is carried out according to the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and debugging, namely sequentially connecting a displacement sensor, a controller, a stepping motor and a direct-current power supply control bus, adjusting the voltage indication of the direct-current power supply, and connecting an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer. All the cathode filter pressing plates move previously under the driving action of the hydraulic cylinder, and when the cathode filter pressing plates push the limiting steps of the filter pressing cavities, the cathode filter pressing plates are in interference fit with the filter pressing cavities, and the hydraulic cylinder stops acting. Meanwhile, all the anode filter pressing plates return to the feed port end of the filter pressing cavity to form a sealed working chamber.
Step two: and injecting materials, namely injecting the materials into all the feed inlets of the filter pressing cavities through a feed pump, wherein the materials are injected for a period of time, and at the moment, the cathode filter pressing plate is kept at a fixed position.
Step three: and (3) performing filter pressing, namely electrifying the constant voltage gradient electroosmosis system and the ultrasonic device to start working, moving the anode filter pressing plate forwards under the action of a hydraulic cylinder, and performing coupling filter pressing when the volume of the working cavity begins to be reduced. In the filter-pressing process, the displacement change of the anode filter-pressing plate is detected through a displacement sensor, a detection signal is transmitted to the control panel, the control panel drives the direct-current power supply to adjust the output voltage through the stepping motor, at the moment, the resistance value of the sludge is continuously changed, and the adjustment of the output voltage can realize the electroosmosis of the constant voltage gradient. The ultrasonic generator converts electric energy into ultrasonic energy through the ultrasonic transducer, and transmits ultrasonic waves with certain frequency and power continuously in the working chamber to destroy a fungus mass structure in the sludge and remove moisture contained in the sludge.
Step four: and (4) pressure maintaining, wherein the anode filter pressing plate continuously moves forwards along with the continuous increase of the mechanical pressure, when certain pressure is reached, the pressure is not increased, the displacement of the anode filter pressing plate gradually tends to be stable, the hydraulic cylinder continuously maintains the pressure for 2 minutes, and the constant-voltage electroosmosis system and the ultrasonic device continuously work.
Step five: and (4) unloading mud, and relieving pressure of a hydraulic cylinder of the cathode filter press plate, wherein at the moment, the anode filter press plate continues to move forwards to push mud cakes and the cathode filter press plate to move forwards until the cathode filter press plate reaches the maximum limit position. The electroosmosis system is closed, the ultrasonic device continues to work, the ultrasonic transducer and the cathode honeycomb panel are glued together, resonance can be realized, the mud cake is separated from the cathode filter press plate, and the mud cake is prevented from being stuck on the filter cloth. The anode filter pressing plate starts to return to the inside of the filter pressing cavity under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the mud cake is suspended, mud is discharged under the action of the negative plate ultrasonic waves and gravity, and the whole filter pressing work is completed.
Although the embodiments have been described and illustrated separately, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that some common techniques may be substituted and integrated between the embodiments, and reference may be made to one of the embodiments not explicitly described, or to another embodiment described.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the above-described embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution.
Claims (9)
1. An ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter pressing coupled sludge dewatering method comprises the following steps:
a mud feeding stage: a plurality of filter pressing chambers are formed by corresponding the cathode filter pressing plate (5), the anode filter pressing plate (20) and the filter pressing cavities (8) one by one; all the cathode filter pressing plates move inwards under the driving action of a hydraulic system, and form interference fit with the filter pressing cavity (8) when the cathode filter pressing plates abut against the limiting position of the filter pressing cavity (8); at the moment, all the anode filter pressing plates move to the feed inlet end of the filter pressing cavity (8); injecting materials into the feed inlets of all the filter pressing chambers through a feed pump to complete sludge feeding;
and (3) a dehydration stage: the cathode filter pressing plate (5) is connected with an ultrasonic transducer (19), and the ultrasonic transducer (19) is connected with an ultrasonic generator (17) through a lead; the cathode filter press plate (5) is kept still, the cathode filter press plate (5) and the anode filter press plate (20) are electrified, the ultrasonic device starts to work, the anode filter press plate moves forwards under the action of a hydraulic system, the volume of a filter press cavity starts to be reduced, and coupling filter press dehydration is realized;
after the coupling filter pressing is finished, a hydraulic system on the cathode filter pressing plate releases pressure, the anode filter pressing plate continues to move forward to push the mud cake and the cathode filter pressing plate to move forward until the cathode filter pressing plate reaches the maximum stroke, the cathode filter pressing plate (5) and the anode filter pressing plate (20) are powered off, the ultrasonic transducer (19) and the ultrasonic generator continue to work, the ultrasonic transducer and the cathode honeycomb plate are connected together to realize resonance, the mud cake is separated from the cathode filter pressing plate and is prevented from being bonded on filter cloth on the cathode filter pressing plate, the anode filter pressing plate returns under the action of the hydraulic system, the mud cake is suspended, and mud discharging is realized through the action of ultrasonic waves and gravity emitted by the ultrasonic transducer on the cathode filter pressing plate.
2. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering method according to claim 1, characterized in that: hydraulic system includes master cylinder (7), left pneumatic cylinder (16) and right pneumatic cylinder (9), master cylinder (7) are two-way work pneumatic cylinder, left side pneumatic cylinder (16) and right pneumatic cylinder (9) are two-way work pneumatic cylinder, all install on support frame (15) master cylinder (7), left pneumatic cylinder (16), right pneumatic cylinder (9) and filter-pressing cavity (8), the hydraulic stem of left side pneumatic cylinder (16) and right pneumatic cylinder (9) is connected corresponding negative pole filter plate (5) respectively, corresponding negative pole filter plate (5) or positive pole filter plate (20) are all connected to the both sides hydraulic stem of master cylinder (7).
3. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: every filter-pressing cavity all sets up corresponding displacement sensor (11), displacement sensor (11) are arranged in detecting the displacement volume of corresponding positive pole filter-pressing board (20) in the filter-pressing chamber to can confirm the relative distance of negative pole filter-pressing board (5) and positive pole filter-pressing board (20), negative pole filter-pressing board (5) are supplied power by the power with positive pole filter-pressing board (20), the power basis negative pole filter-pressing board (5) are adjusted with the distance of positive pole filter-pressing board (20) voltage between negative pole filter-pressing board (5) and positive pole filter-pressing board (20) is in order to realize the electroosmosis filter-pressing under the constant voltage gradient.
4. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cathode honeycomb plate (5-3) is mounted on the inner side of the cathode filter press plate (5), filter cloth covers the upper surface of the cathode honeycomb plate (5-3), and the cathode filter press plate (5) and the cathode honeycomb plate (5-3) are matched to form a drainage cavity; the cathode honeycomb plate is characterized in that a water outlet (5-5) is formed in the outer side of the cathode filter press plate (5), a cathode lead interface (5-8) is installed, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers (19) are installed on the cathode honeycomb plate (5-3).
5. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cathode filter pressing plate is characterized in that a limiting step is arranged on the inner surface of the filter pressing cavity (8), a groove is formed in the outer ring of the cathode filter pressing plate (5) and used for installing a sealing rubber ring (5-1), the diameter of the sealing rubber ring (5-1) is larger than the outer diameter of the cathode filter pressing plate (5), and when the cathode filter pressing plate (5) abuts against the limiting step of the filter pressing cavity (8), the cathode filter pressing plate (5) and the filter pressing cavity (8) form interference fit to form a sealed working cavity.
6. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the filter pressing cavity (8) is provided with a feed inlet (10), a sealing rubber ring is arranged at a matching port with the anode filter pressing plate (20), and an insulating rubber gasket (5-6) is arranged at a matching port with the cathode filter pressing plate; the outer ring of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with a groove for installing a sealing rubber ring, and the outer side of the anode filter pressing plate is provided with an anode lead interface (20-4); the inner side of the anode filter pressing plate (20) is provided with a water outlet which is connected with a water outlet of the filter pressing cavity (8) through a telescopic water drainage hose (8-2) to realize the drainage of the filter pressing water; an anode honeycomb plate (20-2) is mounted on the inner side of the anode filter pressing plate (20), the anode filter pressing plate (20) is matched with the anode honeycomb plate (20-2) to form a drainage cavity, a drainage channel is formed in the anode honeycomb plate (20-2), and filter cloth covers the anode honeycomb plate.
7. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering method according to claim 3, characterized in that: be equipped with voltage regulation knob on the power, be provided with hold-in range (3) at voltage regulation knob, hold-in range (3) are driven by step motor (2), step motor (2) are according the distance between negative pole filter-pressing board (5) that displacement sensor detected and positive pole filter-pressing board (20) rotates to drive voltage regulation knob, thereby carry out voltage regulation and realize the constant voltage gradient.
8. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the electroosmosis process, sludge particles are bonded on filter cloth of the cathode filter press plate, and the ultrasonic transducer (19) can generate resonance action on the cathode honeycomb plate (5-3) and send ultrasonic waves with certain frequency and power to the sludge filter press chamber.
9. The ultrasonic, electroosmosis and mechanical filter-press coupled sludge dewatering method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the displacement sensor (11) is provided with a sensor connecting wire (11-1), the displacement sensor (11) is respectively installed on the outer side of the filter pressing cavity (8), and is connected with the anode filter pressing plate by bypassing the pulley (11-4) through a sensor traction steel wire (11-3), and the distance between the cathode filter pressing plate and the anode filter pressing plate can be detected in real time according to the displacement distance of the anode filter pressing plate, so that the voltage between the cathode filter pressing plate and the anode filter pressing plate is adjusted, and the electroosmosis dehydration with constant voltage gradient is realized.
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| CN113860699A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-12-31 | 湖州职业技术学院 | Multi-field coupling automatic sewage sludge dewatering device |
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| CN107381997A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-11-24 | 饶宾期 | Electro-osmosis press filtration synergistic mud dewatering method |
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