CN109822428B - Active control shearing action and temperature induction gradient thickening polishing processing device - Google Patents

Active control shearing action and temperature induction gradient thickening polishing processing device Download PDF

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CN109822428B
CN109822428B CN201910246402.2A CN201910246402A CN109822428B CN 109822428 B CN109822428 B CN 109822428B CN 201910246402 A CN201910246402 A CN 201910246402A CN 109822428 B CN109822428 B CN 109822428B
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polishing
liquid
temperature
workpiece
solution
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CN109822428A (en
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李敏
宋方增
董婷
杨晓莹
刘明辉
黄振荣
唐成
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The device comprises a workpiece clamp, a polishing disc, a polishing pad, a polishing liquid pool, a main shaft, a polishing liquid box, a temperature sensor, a temperature changing rod and a water pump, wherein the polishing disc is arranged on the main shaft, and the polishing pad is arranged on the polishing disc; the workpiece clamp is arranged above the polishing disc, and the workpiece is clamped on the workpiece clamp; the polishing liquid tank is arranged at the left lower part of the polishing liquid tank, the polishing liquid tank is arranged below the polishing disk, the liquid delivery pipe is connected with the polishing liquid tank and the polishing liquid tank, the water pump is arranged in the polishing liquid tank, and the water pump is connected with the liquid delivery pipe; the temperature sensor is arranged in the workpiece clamp, and the contact of the temperature sensor is contacted with polishing liquid in a polishing area of the workpiece; the temperature changing rod is arranged in the workpiece clamp; and the polishing solution box is internally provided with polishing solution with temperature-induced gradient thickening effect. The invention provides the active control shearing temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing processing device which has higher polishing efficiency and good controllability and flexibility in the polishing process.

Description

Active control shearing action and temperature induction gradient thickening polishing processing device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-precise machining, and particularly relates to an active control shearing action and temperature induction gradient thickening polishing machining device.
Background
Ultra-precision machining technology is an important component of modern science and technology and is widely applied in a plurality of fields. For example, in the processing of hard and brittle materials such as sapphire, monocrystalline silicon and functional ceramics, and materials such as bearing elements; high precision, low damage, beautiful appearance and other aspects of various complex curved surfaces. By using ultra-precision machining techniques, a workpiece surface with low surface roughness, low/no surface damage or subsurface damage may be obtained.
Polishing is a kind of ultra-precise machining, and refers to an ultra-precise machining process capable of enabling a workpiece to reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece and improve the surface finish of the workpiece under the action of machinery, chemistry or electrochemistry. The shearing thickening polishing is a novel polishing process which is proposed in recent years, and the shearing thickening polishing is a polishing process which uses a non-Newtonian fluid with a shearing thickening effect as a base solution, wherein abrasive particles are added into the base solution to prepare polishing solution, and a shearing thickening flexible grinding tool is formed due to shearing action, so that the material removal of the surface of a workpiece is realized under the action of speed and load. The workpiece subjected to shear thickening polishing has smaller surface roughness, causes small surface damage or subsurface damage, and has the characteristics of wide sources, low cost and the like. The viscosity of the shear thickening fluid increases with decreasing temperature.
A temperature sensor refers to a sensor that senses temperature and converts it into a usable output signal. The temperature sensor is a core part of the temperature measuring instrument and has various varieties. The measuring method can be divided into two main types, namely contact type and non-contact type, and the measuring method can be divided into two types, namely thermal resistor and thermocouple according to the characteristics of sensor materials and electronic elements.
Chinese invention patent (CN 201810122104.8) has been published, patent name: an efficient ultra-precise shear thickening-chemical cooperative polishing processing device. The patent implementation equipment comprises a polishing tool, a polishing tool clamp, a polishing fixed disc, a dust cover and a polishing liquid circulating device. The invention utilizes the cooperation of active restriction of the liquid flow boundary and active control of the flow of the polishing liquid, shear thickening and green chemical action to improve the processing efficiency and precision and expand the processable materials and the surface shapes. The polishing agent has the advantages that the processable material is wide, the processed surface is various, the polishing liquid is environment-friendly, the shearing thickening effect is utilized, the polishing is flexible, the material removal certainty is improved, and the surface deterioration layer is less; the disadvantage is that the viscosity of the polishing liquid in the polishing area of the workpiece cannot be directionally changed in the polishing process, so that the polishing process lacks flexibility.
Granted chinese utility model patent (CN 201410436897.2), patent name: the ultra-precise machining device with the non-Newtonian fluid shear thickening and electrolysis combined effect comprises a polishing tool, a polishing tool clamp, a workpiece clamp and a polishing pool, wherein a conductive piece of the workpiece clamp is connected with a power anode, and a conductive piece of the polishing tool clamp is connected with a power cathode. Abrasive particles or micropowder are added into a non-Newtonian fluid with a shear thickening effect to prepare polishing solution, and electrolyte components are added, so that the polishing solution has both an electrolytic effect and a shear thickening effect. After the power supply is electrified, electrochemical reaction is generated between the anode workpiece and the cathode polishing tool, metal on the surface of the workpiece is electrolyzed and dissolved, and then an oxide film which prevents the electrochemical reaction is formed on the surface of the workpiece. The oxide film on the convex part of the surface of the workpiece is firstly ground off to expose fresh metal, and the electrochemical reaction can be continued on the convex part. The oxide film at the concave part is not removed, chemical reaction is blocked, and the metal is protected. Meanwhile, due to the peak effect of current, the electric field intensity at the bulge is high, the corrosion capability to metal is high, and the abrasive particles have a stronger removing effect on the bulge on the surface of the workpiece under the action of shear thickening, so that the bulge on the surface of the workpiece is rapidly removed and the surface roughness is also rapidly reduced. The patent has the defects that the adaptability to the surface shape of a workable workpiece is poor, the problem of certainty of material removal cannot be solved, the certainty polishing and high surface shape precision of the workpiece material are difficult to realize, the range of the workable material (with conductive performance) is limited, the electrolyte belongs to non-environment-friendly substances, the influence on the environment is large, and the environment-friendly treatment cost is high. However, since the polishing relies only on a single shear thickening effect to produce micro-cutting formation material removal on the workpiece, there is still room for improvement in polishing efficiency.
Granted chinese invention patent (CN 201510366852.7), patent name: an ultra-precise polishing method for actively controlling the change of a workpiece material removal mechanism. The patent adopts a workpiece-polishing disc contact state adjusting mechanism in the polishing process, adopts close contact polishing to ensure the machining shape precision of the workpiece at the initial stage of polishing, then adjusts the contact state of the workpiece and the polishing disc, and adopts non-contact polishing to remove a machining damage layer on the surface of the workpiece which is in close contact polishing. The patent cannot change the concentration of the polishing liquid in the non-contact polishing removal stage, and there is a shortage of polishing efficiency in this stage.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of low polishing efficiency, poor controllability and flexibility of the polishing process in the existing polishing mode, the invention provides the active control shear temperature induced gradient thickening polishing processing device with high polishing efficiency and good controllability and flexibility of the polishing process.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the device comprises a workpiece clamp, a polishing disc, a polishing pad, a polishing liquid pool, a main shaft, a polishing liquid box, a temperature sensor, a temperature changing rod and a water pump, wherein the polishing disc is arranged on the main shaft, and the polishing pad is arranged on the polishing disc; the workpiece clamp is arranged above the polishing disc, and the workpiece is clamped on the workpiece clamp; the polishing liquid tank is arranged at the left lower part of the polishing liquid tank, the polishing liquid tank is arranged below the polishing disk, the liquid delivery pipe is connected with the polishing liquid tank and the polishing liquid tank, the water pump is arranged in the polishing liquid tank, and the water pump is connected with the liquid delivery pipe; the temperature sensor is arranged in the workpiece clamp, and the contact of the temperature sensor is contacted with polishing liquid in a polishing area of the workpiece; the temperature changing rod is arranged in the workpiece clamp; and the polishing solution box is internally provided with polishing solution with temperature-induced gradient thickening effect.
Still further, the apparatus further comprises a data receiver for wirelessly receiving signals transmitted from the temperature sensor, capable of wirelessly controlling the activation/deactivation of the temperature change bar; the temperature sensor has a data wireless transmission function and a built-in battery; the temperature change rod has a data wireless transmission function and a built-in battery characteristic; the temperature sensor and the temperature change bar are in communication connection with the data receiver.
The data receiver comprises a control module for monitoring the temperature of the polishing solution, starting the temperature change rod, and reducing the temperature of the polishing solution in a gradient manner at intervals to realize temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing.
Further, each component of the polishing solution and the proportion thereof are as follows: 8-25 wt.% of polishing abrasive particles, 16-25 wt.% of shear thickening base solution, 35-55 wt.% of water and 1-16 wt.% of temperature change particles, and the polishing solution can realize rapid temperature change under the action of a refrigeration sheet in the processing process, thereby realizing active control of shear temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing.
The temperature change particles can be particles with specific heat capacity (the value can be smaller than that of water or thickening phase), and the temperature change particles are required to be selected so as not to influence the thickening effect of the polishing solution.
The liquid polishing device comprises a liquid conveying pipe, a liquid polishing pool, a liquid polishing box and a water pump, wherein the liquid polishing box is characterized in that the liquid polishing pipe, the liquid polishing pool, the liquid polishing box and the water pump form a liquid polishing circulation system, the liquid polishing in the liquid polishing box is input into a workpiece clamp and a polishing pad through the liquid conveying pipe by the water pump, and redundant liquid polishing flows into the liquid polishing pool and reaches the liquid polishing box through the liquid conveying pipe.
The shearing action is actively controlled in the rough polishing stage by actively controlling the shearing action and the temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing technology, so that the polishing efficiency is improved; in the fine polishing stage, temperature-induced gradient thickening is carried out, and the workpiece with high surface quality, low/no surface damage or subsurface damage is obtained by gradually polishing layer by layer.
The active control shearing action and the temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing are realized by changing the load applied by the workpiece clamp on the workpiece or the rotating speed of the polishing disc or the rotating speed of the workpiece clamp; the temperature-induced gradient thickening is realized by changing the temperature of the polishing solution at intervals through a temperature change rod in a workpiece clamp and combining with active shear rate control. In the rough polishing stage, the viscosity of the polishing solution on the polishing surface of the workpiece is increased due to the large shearing action, the viscosity of the polishing solution is reduced due to friction heat generated by the shearing action, and finally the viscosity of the polishing solution is stable, and the workpiece is roughly polished under the viscosity; and in the fine polishing stage, the temperature of the polishing solution is rapidly changed by x ℃ through a temperature change rod every t time, the viscosity of the polishing solution is increased, the polishing is carried out for a period of time under the viscosity, and the cyclic polishing is carried out in this way, so that the active control of the shearing action and the temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing are finally realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention utilizes the active control shearing action and the temperature induction gradient thickening technology, not only improves the polishing efficiency of the workpiece and obtains the workpiece with high surface quality and low surface roughness, but also improves the controllability and flexibility of the polishing process and increases the diversity of the polishing process.
(2) The invention utilizes the shear thickening effect of the non-Newtonian fluid to make the polishing flexible, and can achieve low/no surface damage or subsurface damage of the workpiece.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of active control of shearing action and temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing, wherein a workpiece 1, a temperature sensor 2, polishing liquid 3, a temperature change rod 4, a polishing pad 5, a workpiece clamp 6, a liquid delivery pipe 7, a water pump 8, a polishing liquid tank 9, a main shaft 10, a polishing liquid pool 11 and a polishing disk 12.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an active control shearing action and temperature induction gradient thickening polishing processing device comprises a workpiece clamp 6, a polishing disc 12, a polishing pad 5, a polishing liquid pool 11, a main shaft 10, a polishing liquid tank 9, a temperature sensor 2, a temperature change bar 4 and a water pump 8, wherein the polishing disc 12 is arranged on the main shaft 10, the polishing pad 5 is arranged on the polishing disc 12, and the polishing liquid pool 11 is arranged below the polishing disc 12; the workpiece clamp 6 is arranged above the polishing disc 12, and the workpiece 1 is clamped on the workpiece clamp 6; the polishing solution tank 9 is arranged at the left lower part of the polishing solution tank 11, the infusion tube 7 is connected with the polishing solution tank 11 and the polishing solution tank 9, the water pump 8 is arranged in the polishing solution tank 9, and the water pump 8 is connected with the infusion tube 7; the temperature sensor 2 is arranged in the workpiece clamp 6, and the contact of the temperature sensor contacts with polishing liquid in a polishing area of the workpiece 1; the temperature change rod 4 is arranged in a workpiece clamp, and the polishing solution box 9 is internally provided with polishing solution with temperature-induced gradient thickening effect.
The device also comprises a data receiver for wirelessly receiving signals transmitted from the temperature sensor 2 and capable of wirelessly controlling the activation/deactivation of the temperature change bars 4; the temperature sensor 2 has a data wireless transmission function and a built-in battery; the temperature change rod 4 has the characteristics of wireless data transmission function and built-in battery; the temperature sensor 2 and the temperature change bar 4 are in communication connection with the data receiver.
The data receiver comprises a control module for monitoring the temperature of the polishing solution, starting the temperature change rod, and reducing the temperature of the polishing solution in a gradient manner at intervals to realize temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing.
Further, each component of the polishing solution and the proportion thereof are as follows: 8-25 wt.% of polishing abrasive particles, 16-25 wt.% of shear thickening base solution, 35-55 wt.% of water and 1-16 wt.% of temperature change particles, and the polishing solution can realize rapid temperature change under the action of a refrigeration sheet in the processing process, thereby realizing active control of shear temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing.
In this embodiment, the polishing solution may include the following components:
8wt.% of polishing abrasive particles, 25wt.% of shear thickening base liquid, 55wt.% of water, 12wt.% of temperature change particles;
Or is: 20wt.% of polishing abrasive particles, 16wt.% of shear thickening base liquid, 50wt.% of water, 14wt.% of temperature change particles;
or still further: 25wt.% of polishing abrasive particles, 24wt.% of shear thickening base liquid, 35wt.% of water, 16wt.% of temperature change particles;
or alternatively: 24wt.% of polishing abrasive particles, 23wt.% of shear thickening base liquid, 52wt.% of water, and 1wt.% of temperature change particles.
The temperature change particles can be particles with specific heat capacity (the value can be smaller than that of water or thickening phase), and the temperature change particles are required to be selected so as not to influence the thickening effect of the polishing solution.
The liquid delivery pipe 7, the liquid polishing pool 11, the liquid polishing tank 9 and the water pump 8 form a liquid polishing circulation system, the liquid polishing in the liquid polishing tank 9 is input into the workpiece clamp and the polishing pad 5 through the liquid delivery pipe by the water pump 8, and the redundant liquid polishing flows into the liquid polishing pool 11 and reaches the liquid polishing tank 9 through the liquid delivery pipe.
As shown in FIG. 1, the method is used for processing workpieces such as bearing steel, hard alloy, metal ceramic, optical glass, hard and brittle materials difficult to process and the like, and comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting a workpiece clamp 6;
2) Clamping the workpiece 1 on a workpiece clamp 6;
3) Preparing a polishing solution 3 with a temperature-induced gradient thickening effect, and placing the polishing solution 3 in a polishing solution tank 9;
4) Starting a main shaft 10 and a water pump 8, and inputting polishing liquid 3 onto a polishing disk 12, so that the polishing liquid 3 relatively moves on the polishing disk 12 to form a polishing liquid circulation system;
5) Coarsely polishing the workpiece 1 under the action of large shearing;
6) The temperature sensor 2 is used for monitoring the temperature T ℃ of the polishing liquid 3, the temperature change rod 4 is started, the temperature of the polishing liquid 3 is reduced in a gradient manner at intervals, namely the viscosity of the polishing liquid 3 is increased at intervals, so that the polishing liquid 3 is thickened in a gradient manner, and the temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing is realized.

Claims (5)

1. An active control shearing action and temperature induction gradient thickening polishing processing device is characterized in that: the device comprises a workpiece clamp, a polishing disc, a polishing pad, a polishing liquid pool, a main shaft, a polishing liquid box, a temperature sensor, a temperature changing rod and a water pump, wherein the polishing disc is arranged on the main shaft, and the polishing pad is arranged on the polishing disc; the workpiece clamp is arranged above the polishing disc, and the workpiece is clamped on the workpiece clamp; the polishing liquid tank is arranged at the left lower part of the polishing liquid tank, the polishing liquid tank is arranged below the polishing disk, the liquid delivery pipe is connected with the polishing liquid tank and the polishing liquid tank, the water pump is arranged in the polishing liquid tank, and the water pump is connected with the liquid delivery pipe; the temperature sensor is arranged in the workpiece clamp, and the contact of the temperature sensor is contacted with polishing liquid in a polishing area of the workpiece; the temperature change rod is arranged in the workpiece clamp, and polishing liquid with temperature-induced gradient thickening effect is arranged in the polishing liquid box;
The active control of the shearing action is to change the rotation speed of the polishing disc to realize the shearing action of the workpiece during polishing; the temperature-induced gradient thickening is realized by changing the temperature of the polishing solution at intervals through a temperature change rod in the workpiece clamp and combining with active shear rate control, so that the viscosity of the polishing solution is changed at intervals; in the rough polishing stage, the viscosity of the polishing solution on the polishing surface of the workpiece is increased due to the large shearing action, the viscosity of the polishing solution is reduced due to friction heat generated by the shearing action, and finally the viscosity of the polishing solution is stable, and the workpiece is roughly polished under the viscosity; in the fine polishing stage, the temperature of the polishing solution is reduced through a temperature change rod at intervals, the viscosity of the polishing solution is increased, polishing is carried out for a period of time under the viscosity, and the polishing is circularly carried out in such a way, so that the active control of the shearing action and the temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing are finally realized;
The polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-25 wt.% of polishing abrasive particles, 16-25 wt.% of shear thickening base solution, 35-55 wt.% of water and 1 wt-16 wt.% of temperature change particles, and the polishing solution can realize rapid temperature change under the action of a temperature change rod in the processing process, thereby realizing active control of shear temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing.
2. The actively controlled shear and temperature induced gradient thickening polishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a data receiver, a temperature sensor and a temperature sensor, wherein the data receiver is used for wirelessly receiving signals transmitted from the temperature sensor and can wirelessly control the starting/closing of the temperature change rod; the temperature sensor has a data wireless transmission function and a built-in battery; the temperature change rod has a data wireless transmission function and a built-in battery; the temperature sensor and the temperature change bar are in communication connection with the data receiver.
3. The actively controlled shear and temperature induced gradient thickening polishing apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the data receiver comprises a control module for monitoring the temperature of the polishing solution, starting the temperature change rod, and reducing the temperature of the polishing solution in a gradient manner at intervals to realize temperature-induced gradient thickening polishing.
4. The actively controlled shear and temperature induced gradient thickening polishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the temperature change particles are selected to set the specific heat capacity value, and the selected temperature change particles are required to have no influence on the thickening effect of the polishing solution.
5. An actively controlled shearing action and temperature induced gradient thickening polishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the liquid polishing device comprises a liquid conveying pipe, a liquid polishing pool, a liquid polishing box and a water pump, wherein the liquid polishing box is characterized in that the liquid polishing pipe, the liquid polishing pool, the liquid polishing box and the water pump form a liquid polishing circulation system, the liquid polishing in the liquid polishing box is input into a workpiece clamp and a polishing pad through the liquid conveying pipe by the water pump, and redundant liquid polishing flows into the liquid polishing pool and reaches the liquid polishing box through the liquid conveying pipe.
CN201910246402.2A 2019-03-29 2019-03-29 Active control shearing action and temperature induction gradient thickening polishing processing device Active CN109822428B (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0849041A2 (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-24 Texas Instruments Incorporated Polishing method
CN103140540A (en) * 2010-09-28 2013-06-05 东丽株式会社 Polymer microparticles and process for production thereof
CN104191340A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-12-10 浙江工业大学 Ultra-precision machining device based on non-Newtonian fluid shear thickening and electrolysis composition effect
CN104308670A (en) * 2014-08-29 2015-01-28 浙江工业大学 Ultra-precision processing method based on non-Newtonian fluid shear thickening and electrolyzing combined effect
CN108098536A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-06-01 湖南科技大学 A kind of efficient ultraprecise shear thickening-chemical cooperated burnishing device
CN108555698A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-09-21 湖南科技大学 A kind of efficient ultraprecise shear thickening-chemical cooperated polishing method
CN109054656A (en) * 2018-09-17 2018-12-21 宁波日晟新材料有限公司 A kind of metal free form surface surface polishing liquid and its preparation method and application
CN209811949U (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-12-20 湖南科技大学 Active control shearing action and temperature induced gradient thickening polishing processing device

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0849041A2 (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-24 Texas Instruments Incorporated Polishing method
CN103140540A (en) * 2010-09-28 2013-06-05 东丽株式会社 Polymer microparticles and process for production thereof
CN104191340A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-12-10 浙江工业大学 Ultra-precision machining device based on non-Newtonian fluid shear thickening and electrolysis composition effect
CN104308670A (en) * 2014-08-29 2015-01-28 浙江工业大学 Ultra-precision processing method based on non-Newtonian fluid shear thickening and electrolyzing combined effect
CN108098536A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-06-01 湖南科技大学 A kind of efficient ultraprecise shear thickening-chemical cooperated burnishing device
CN108555698A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-09-21 湖南科技大学 A kind of efficient ultraprecise shear thickening-chemical cooperated polishing method
CN109054656A (en) * 2018-09-17 2018-12-21 宁波日晟新材料有限公司 A kind of metal free form surface surface polishing liquid and its preparation method and application
CN209811949U (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-12-20 湖南科技大学 Active control shearing action and temperature induced gradient thickening polishing processing device

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