CN109822204B

CN109822204B - Welding method for welding CuFe alloy material by cold pressing process

Info

Publication number: CN109822204B
Application number: CN201910156432.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苟锁; 杜舵; 李潇; 刘向东; 山瑛; 郭创立; 梁建斌
Original assignee: Sirui Advanced Copper Alloy Co ltd
Current assignee: Sirui Advanced Copper Alloy Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-03-01
Filing date: 2019-03-01
Publication date: 2022-02-08
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-01
Also published as: CN109822204A

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding method for welding a CuFe alloy material by adopting a cold pressing process, and belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metal welding. The method comprises the following specific steps: 1) smelting raw materials, wherein the percentage content of each element in the raw materials is Cu: 70% -95%, Fe: 5% -30%; 2) preparing a bar/wire, namely preparing a bar with the diameter of 8-25 mm by a hot extrusion or drawing process; 3) designing a mould, namely designing a welding clamp according to the specification of the bar/wire; 4) adjusting the die, setting welding parameters and welding the bar/wire. The mechanical strength of the CuFe alloy material welded by the method can reach about 97% of the strength of a parent body, and the conductivity is not lost. The welding process does not need heating, electrifying, combustion improver and other technologies.

Description

Welding method for welding CuFe alloy material by cold pressing process

Technical Field

The invention relates to a welding method for welding a CuFe alloy material by adopting a cold pressing process, belonging to the technical field of nonferrous metal welding.

Background

The copper-iron alloy has the properties of copper such as conductivity, thermal conductivity, ductility and elasticity and the properties of iron such as wear resistance, strength, hardness and magnetism, shows unique and superior characteristics such as electromagnetic wave shielding property, elasticity, conductivity, exothermicity, wear resistance, antibacterial property and the like, can be processed into various physical forms such as bars and cables, can be applied to the fields of electric power, communication, railways, computers, automobiles, electronics, aviation, aerospace and the like, and has good market prospect.

At present, the traditional welding mode is generally used in China, and the main defects are that the heating, the electrifying and the soldering flux change the tissue state of a matrix. Therefore, the joint performance of the welding wire directly influences the strength and the conductivity of the product, and the traditional welding mode has the disadvantages of tedious welding, long time, low centering rate, long time for welding a joint, incapability of ensuring the welding quality and low labor productivity.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a welding method for welding a CuFe alloy material by adopting a cold pressing process.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a welding method for welding CuFe alloy materials by adopting a cold pressing process comprises the following specific steps:

s1: raw material fusion casting

The percentage content of each element in the raw materials is Cu: 70% -95%, Fe: 5% -30%;

s2: extruded bar

The ingot is made into a phi 8-phi 25 bar through a hot extrusion or drawing process;

s3: mold design

Designing a mould according to the specification of the bar;

s4: welding of

And (3) respectively clamping one ends of the two bars by using a clamp, respectively inserting the other ends of the two bars into the die, extruding and overflowing the material under the axial pressure, and repeatedly applying force to extrude until the two bars are welded.

Further, in step S2, the specifications of the bar material are preferably Φ 15, Φ 20, and Φ 22.

Further, the welding parameters are:

when d is more than or equal to 8mm and less than or equal to 15mm, the welding times are as follows: 4-7 times, pressure maintaining time: 2s, deburring times: 1-3 times;

when d is more than 15mm and less than or equal to 20mm, the welding times are as follows: 5-8 times, pressure maintaining time: 2s, deburring times: 2-4 times;

when d is more than 20mm and less than or equal to 25mm, the welding times are as follows: 6-9 times, dwell time: 2s, deburring times: 3-5 times;

wherein d is the diameter of the bar.

Further, the mould mainly includes mould one and mould two, mould one and mould two structures are the same, and the symmetry uses, the mould is first to be constituteed by left mould and right mould bilateral symmetry concatenation, is equipped with overflow outlet in the middle of the mould one end, is equipped with the direction mouth in the middle of the other end, overflow outlet is the outside convex round platform of concatenation, the direction mouth is the round platform of the inside concave yield of concatenation, and it has the cylinder hole to open in the mould one, the cylinder hole communicates with each other with overflow outlet and direction mouth, and cylinder hole below is equipped with logical groove, logical groove is the font of falling V, is equipped with two connecting holes on the wall of logical groove both sides respectively.

Furthermore, the specification of the cylindrical hole formed by the grooves can be in interference fit with a phi 15, phi 20 or phi 22 bar, so that the cylindrical hole has clamping force on the bar, and the phenomenon that the welding quality is influenced due to the fact that materials move caused by extrusion in the welding process is avoided.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the overflow outlet is provided with a cutting edge which can remove burrs.

Further, the welding step in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

s41: before welding, the surfaces to be welded of the bars and welding joints are polished and cleaned, and the cleaning method can be a chemical solvent cleaning method or an ultrasonic purification method; mechanical methods such as: the surface to be welded is cleaned by a file, a wire brush, abrasive cloth, abrasive paper and the like, but the cleaned surface is not allowed to leave residues or oxidation film powder scraps, the cleaned surface cannot be touched by hands and polluted again, and the workpiece to be welded is welded as soon as possible.

S42: selecting an adaptive die according to the specification of the bar, wherein the design structure size of the welding die is adaptive to the specification of the bar to be welded;

s43: respectively placing the bars to be welded into a group of welding dies, respectively extending welding joints out of overflow outlets, wherein the extending length is the diameter of the bars, and aligning the welding joints;

s44: and repeatedly applying pressure for 4-9 times under the axial pressure, maintaining the pressure for 2s after each time of pressure application, gradually increasing the force applied each time, deburring for 1-5 times after welding is finished, and applying different pressures to bars with different specifications.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the mechanical strength of the CuFe alloy material welded by the method can reach about 97% of the strength of a parent body, and the conductivity is not lost. The welding process does not need heating, electrifying, combustion improver and other technologies, and has low cost, high efficiency and good welding joint performance.

(2) The welding mould has certain clamp force, can prevent to lead to the material to remove because of the extrusion in welding process, influences welding quality.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the cold press weld configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the left mold structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cold press weld of the present invention;

the device comprises a mould I1, a mould II 2, an overflow outlet 3, a material guide port 4, a cylindrical hole 5, a connecting hole 6, a through groove 7, a left mould 8, a right mould 9, a bar I10, a bar II 11 and a welding joint 12.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to FIGS. 1-3 and examples 1-8.

Example 1

The embodiment is used for welding a CuFe alloy bar with the diameter of 15mm, wherein the percentage content of elements is as follows: cu: 95%, Fe: 5 percent. The bar is formed by cold pressure welding in a butt joint mode.

As shown in fig. 1-3, after the welding joints 12 are cleaned respectively, the first bar 10 and the second bar 11 are respectively placed into the corresponding first die 1 and the corresponding second die 2 from the material guiding opening 4, the left and right welding joints 12 respectively extend out of the overflow openings by 315mm and are aligned, welding is performed for 7 times, pressure is maintained for 2s after each pressing, then the bars are taken out from the dies, and deburring is performed for 3 times, thus completing the welding.

Example 2

The embodiment is used for welding a CuFe alloy bar with the diameter of 20mm, wherein the percentage content of elements is as follows: cu: 95%, Fe: 5 percent. The bar is formed by cold pressure welding in a butt joint mode.

As shown in fig. 1-3, after the welding joints 12 are cleaned, the bar material one 10 and the bar material two 11 are respectively placed into the corresponding die one 1 and the die two 2 from the material guiding opening 4, the left and right welding joints 12 respectively extend out of the overflow openings by 320mm and are aligned, welding is performed for 8 times, pressure is maintained for 2s after each pressing, then the bar material is taken out from the die, and deburring is performed for 4 times, thus completing the welding.

Example 3

The embodiment is used for welding a CuFe alloy bar with the diameter of 22mm, wherein the percentage content of elements is as follows: cu: 95%, Fe: 5 percent. The bar is formed by cold pressure welding in a butt joint mode.

As shown in fig. 1-3, after the welding joints 12 are cleaned respectively, the first bar 10 and the second bar 11 are respectively placed into the corresponding first die 1 and the corresponding second die 2 from the material guiding opening 4, the left and right welding joints 12 respectively extend out of the overflow openings by 322mm and are aligned, welding is performed for 9 times, pressure is maintained for 2s after each pressing, then the bars are taken out from the dies, and deburring is performed for 5 times, thus completing the welding.

Example 4

The embodiment is used for welding a CuFe alloy bar with the diameter of 15mm, wherein the percentage content of elements is as follows: cu: 90%, Fe: 10 percent. The rest is the same as in example 1.

Example 5

The embodiment is used for welding a CuFe alloy bar with the diameter of 20mm, wherein the percentage content of elements is as follows: cu: 90%, Fe: 10 percent. The rest is the same as in example 2.

Example 6

The embodiment is used for welding a CuFe alloy bar with the diameter of 22mm, wherein the percentage content of elements is as follows: cu: 90%, Fe: 10 percent. The rest is the same as in example 3.

Example 7

The embodiment is used for welding a phi 20 CuFe alloy bar, wherein the percentage content of elements is as follows: cu: 80%, Fe: 20 percent. The rest is the same as in example 2.

Example 8

The embodiment is used for welding a phi 20 CuFe alloy bar, wherein the percentage content of elements is as follows: cu: 70%, Fe: 30 percent. The rest is the same as in example 2.

Examples of the experiments

Test materials

Selecting CuFe alloy bars with specification of phi 20 and different element percentage contents as test objects, and dividing the test objects into four groups:

a first group: the percentage content of each element is Cu: 95%, Fe: 5%, CuFe5 prepared in example 2;

second group: the percentage content of each element is Cu: 90%, Fe: 10% of CuFe10 prepared in experimental example 5;

third group: the percentage content of each element is Cu: 80%, Fe: 20%, CuFe20 prepared in example 7;

and a fourth group: the percentage content of each element is Cu: 70%, Fe: 30% of CuFe30 prepared in example 8. Test results

The tensile property of the CuFe alloy material welded by adopting the cold pressing process is as follows:

the test result shows that: the CuFe alloy material is welded by a cold pressing process, and the mechanical strength of the welding position can reach more than 97% of the strength of the body, so that the performance of the joint is basically not changed, and the influence on the strength and the conductivity of the product is low.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding method for welding CuFe alloy materials by adopting a cold pressing process is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

s1: the percentage content of each element in the raw material is Cu: 70% -95%, Fe: 5% -30%;

s2: the extruded bar is made into a bar with the diameter of 8-25 mm through a hot extrusion or drawing process;

s3: designing a mould according to the specification of the bar;

s4: the welding fixture clamps one end of each of the two bars, the other end of each of the two bars is inserted into the die, the material is extruded and overflowed under the axial pressure, and force is repeatedly applied to extrude the material until the two bars are welded;

the welding step specifically comprises the following steps:

s41: before welding, polishing and cleaning the surfaces to be welded of the bars and welding joints;

s42: selecting an adaptive die according to the specification of the bar;

s43: respectively placing the bars to be welded into a group of welding dies, respectively extending welding joints out of the overflow outlets (3), and aligning the welding joints;

s44: under axial pressure, the welding parameters are: when the diameter of the bar is more than or equal to 8mm and less than or equal to 15mm, the welding times are as follows: 4-7 times, pressure maintaining time: 2s, deburring times: 1-3 times; when the diameter of the bar is more than 15mm and less than or equal to 20mm, the welding times are as follows: 5-8 times, pressure maintaining time: 2s, deburring times: 2-4 times; when the diameter of the bar is more than 20mm and less than or equal to 25mm, the welding times are as follows: 6-9 times, dwell time: 2s, deburring times: 3-5 times;

the die mainly comprises a first die (1), a second die (2) and a groove (5), wherein the first die (1) and the second die (2) are identical in structure and symmetrically used, the first die (1) is formed by splicing a left die (8) and a right die (9) in a bilateral symmetry mode, an overflow outlet (3) is arranged in the middle of one end of the first die (1), a guide opening (4) is formed in the middle of the other end of the first die, the overflow outlet (3) is a spliced outwards convex circular truncated cone, the guide opening (4) is a spliced inwards concave circular truncated cone, a cylindrical hole (5) is formed in the first die (1), the cylindrical hole (5) is communicated with the overflow outlet (3) and the guide opening (4), a through groove (7) is formed below the cylindrical hole (5), the through groove (7) is in an inverted V shape, and two connecting holes (6) are formed in two side walls of the through groove (7) respectively.