CN109822027B - Forging forming die and forging method of integrated seal head for nuclear power - Google Patents
Forging forming die and forging method of integrated seal head for nuclear power Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a forging forming die of an integrated seal head for nuclear power, and relates to the field of manufacturing of pressure vessels for nuclear power. The forming die comprises a male die, a lower die and an upper die detachably connected with the lower die, wherein the lower die is provided with a central boss cavity and a connecting pipe cavity, the cross section of the connecting pipe cavity is composed of a rectangle, a semi-circular arc which is positioned on the outer side of the rectangle and tangent to one side of the rectangle, and the edges and corners of the rectangle are in fillet transition. The invention can improve the production efficiency and quality of the forged piece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of manufacturing of pressure containers for nuclear power, in particular to a forging forming die and a forging method of an integrated seal head for nuclear power.
Background
The seal head is a core component of a nuclear power pressure vessel, and is one of parts with highest integration degree, most prominent special-shaped complexity and largest manufacturing difficulty in nuclear power main equipment. The pressure vessel seal head for nuclear power is shown in figure 1 and mainly comprises a seal head main body, a connecting pipe 12, a central boss 11 and the like, wherein the connecting pipe 12, the central boss 11 and the like are arranged on the outer surface of the seal head main body 1, and the seal head main body is in a hemispherical crown shape. Because the pressure vessel seal head for nuclear power is in a severe operation environment with high temperature and high pressure and is required to bear pressure sudden change formed by alternating load and pipeline eddy, the pressure vessel seal head is required to be integrally forged with the seal head main body in order to ensure the connection performance of each subsection (connecting pipe and central boss) and the seal head main body.
Patent CN104259362A discloses a nuclear reactor integration lower sealing body copying forging method to disclose the forging mould of forging integration head, the forging mould includes tup (terrace die), lower mould and the last mould of being connected with the lower mould can be dismantled, the lower mould is equipped with central boss die cavity and takeover die cavity. As shown in figure 2, because the connecting pipe cavity 21 of the lower die 2 of the existing forging forming die is a circular cavity with the same outer diameter as the integrated end socket connecting pipe, the 'partition' area between the connecting pipe and the connecting pipe of the cavity structure is large, because three connecting pipes of the forging are formed by extruding metal into the cavity by upsetting and spinning, the larger the area of the spherical surface is, the larger the resistance for obstructing the metal from flowing into the cavity is, the more unfavorable the filling of the connecting pipe is, and the overlarge circular arc is generated outside the connecting pipe of the forging, so that the size requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the first technical problem of providing a forging and forming die of an integrated seal head for nuclear power, which is formed by adopting a rectangular and a semicircular arc on the section of a connecting pipe cavity, so as to solve the problem that the existing forging die is not beneficial to the filling and forming of the connecting pipe.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for forging and forming the integrated end socket by adopting the forging and forming die so as to ensure the size requirement of a forging.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the forging forming die of the integrated seal head for the nuclear power comprises a male die, a lower die and an upper die detachably connected with the lower die, wherein the lower die is provided with a central boss cavity and a connecting pipe cavity, the cross section of the connecting pipe cavity is composed of a rectangle, a semi-arc which is positioned on the outer side of the rectangle and tangent to one side of the rectangle, and the edges and corners of the rectangle are in fillet transition.
Furthermore, the projection direction of the semicircular arc of the connecting pipe cavity is arranged along the radial direction of the projection of the lower die.
Furthermore, the length of two sides of the rectangle tangent to the semi-circular arc is half of the outer diameter of the correspondingly formed connecting pipe, and the length of the other side of the rectangle tangent to the semi-circular arc is equal to the outer diameter of the correspondingly formed connecting pipe.
Furthermore, the depth of the connecting pipe cavity is larger than the length of the correspondingly formed connecting pipe.
The forging method of the integrated seal head for nuclear power adopts the forging forming die, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: blank making in a free section, and ensuring that the blank is completely forged and compacted;
step two: placing the blank into the lower die for upsetting;
step three: taking out the upsetting material from the lower die, heating to 1250 +/-20 ℃, putting the upsetting material into a combined die of the lower die and the upper die, and performing rotary upsetting extrusion forming on the upsetting material by using the male die to prepare a profile forging;
step four: flattening the forged piece; and (3) the edge of the bowl opening of the profiling forging and the end surface of the connecting pipe are integrated into a plane.
Further, in the step one, a free forging blank is adopted, wherein the blank is a solid cylindrical blank, the cylindrical blank comprises a central boss section and an upsetting section, and the upsetting section is of a frustum structure with a large end and a small end; the central boss section is located in the center of the large end of the upsetting section and located in the same rotation center with the upsetting section.
Further, the upset section includes a straight section disposed at a middle or small end thereof.
Furthermore, the diameter of the large end of the upsetting section is D, the length of the upsetting section is L, and the value of L is L = 1.5D-2D.
And further, in the third step, the upset material is subjected to rotary upsetting extrusion forming by using a male die, wherein the rotation angle of the male die is 10-15 degrees every time, and the reduction of every time is 70-100 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the forging forming die for the nuclear power integrated seal head, the section of the connecting pipe cavity of the lower die is in a combined form of rectangle and arc, so that the resistance of metal flowing into the connecting pipe cavity is reduced, the filling of the connecting pipe is facilitated, the fillet at the outer side of the connecting pipe of the profiling forging forged by the die is obviously reduced, the problem that the size of the connecting pipe of the forging cannot meet the production requirement is solved, the die is easier to fill, and the production efficiency of the forging can be improved.
According to the forging method of the nuclear power integrated end socket, the forging forming die is adopted, so that the size requirement of the forge piece is guaranteed, and the quality of the forge piece is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a drawing of a nuclear power head part with a connecting pipe and a central boss;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a conventional lower mold;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the forging die configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the lower die of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a free forged billet of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the forging and forming of the integrated end socket of the present invention;
shown in the figure: 1. the seal head comprises a seal head main body, a lower die, an upper die, a male die, a central boss, a connecting pipe cavity, a central boss section, a heading section, a straight section, a rectangle, a semicircular arc and a symmetrical center line, wherein the male die is 2, the central boss is 3, the connecting pipe is 12, the connecting pipe cavity is 21, the central boss section is 22, the straight section is 41, the heading section is 42.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the forging and forming die for the integrated seal head for nuclear power comprises a male die 4, a lower die 2 and an upper die 3 detachably connected with the lower die 2, wherein the lower die 2 is provided with a central boss cavity 22 and a connecting pipe cavity 21, the cross section of the connecting pipe cavity 21 consists of a rectangle and a semi-circular arc which is positioned on the outer side of the rectangle and tangent to two side edges of the rectangle, and edges of the rectangle are in fillet transition.
The forging and forming die of the integrated seal head for nuclear power shown in fig. 3 comprises a punch 4, a lower die 2 and an upper die 3 detachably connected with the lower die 2, and the structure of the lower die 2, the upper die 3 and the punch 4 can be referred to patent CN 104259362A. As shown in fig. 4, the lower die 2 is provided with a central boss cavity 22 and a connecting pipe cavity 21, the cross section of the connecting pipe cavity 21 is composed of a rectangle 211 and a semi-circular arc 212 which is positioned outside the rectangle 211 (the direction far away from the center of the lower film is outward) and tangent to one side of the rectangle 211, therefore, the distance C between the adjacent connecting pipe cavities is smaller than the distance between the two adjacent circular connecting pipe cavities, thereby reducing the area of the partition between the connecting pipe cavities and the connecting pipe cavities, reducing the resistance of metal flowing into the connecting pipe cavities, and being more beneficial to the shape filling of the connecting pipes, therefore, the fillet at the outer side of the connecting pipe of the profile forging forged by the die is obviously reduced, the problem that the size of the connecting pipe of the forging does not meet the production requirements is solved, the shape filling. The rectangular edges and corners adopt fillet transition to facilitate metal flowing to fill the connecting pipe cavity.
As shown in fig. 4, the projection direction of the semicircular arc 212 of the connecting pipe cavity 21 is set along the radial direction of the projection of the lower mold, that is, the symmetric center line 213 of the projection of the semicircular arc 212 of the connecting pipe cavity 21 is set along the radial direction of the projection of the lower mold 2, and of course, the projection direction of the semicircular arc of the connecting pipe cavity 21 and the radial direction of the projection of the lower mold may form a certain included angle. However, the former has the smallest distance C as compared with the latter.
The length of two sides of the rectangle 211 tangent to the semi-circular arc 212 can be more than or equal to half of the outer diameter of the correspondingly formed connecting pipe, and the length of the other side can be more than or equal to the outer diameter of the correspondingly formed connecting pipe. In order to reduce the material waste, it is preferable that the length of the two sides of the rectangle 211 tangent to the semi-circular arc 212 is half of the outer diameter of the correspondingly formed adapter respectively, and the length of the other side is equal to the outer diameter of the correspondingly formed adapter. In order to facilitate the die drawing and the flowing of metal to the die cavity, the connecting pipe die cavity can be provided with a die drawing inclination of 5-8 degrees.
The depth of the connecting pipe cavity 21 of the existing lower die is the same as the length of an integrated end socket connecting pipe, after the upset material is subjected to rotary upsetting-extrusion forming by a male die to a later stage, after the metal in the connecting pipe cavity contacts the inner wall of the connecting pipe cavity and the bottom surface flat plate of the lower die in a large area, the metal is subjected to the action of back extrusion force, more metal flows towards the bowl mouth of the lower die, so that a metal flowing dead angle is formed in the connecting pipe cavity, the connecting pipe cavity cannot be filled with the metal, and the connecting pipe size cannot meet the requirement possibly. The preferred takeover die cavity 21 degree of depth is greater than the takeover length that corresponds the shaping, can effectively avoid the too early contact bottom plate of metal in the takeover die cavity in the forming process to form the problem that the takeover size can't satisfy the requirement that leads to so on one hand, on the other hand, surpasss the part of takeover height, and the later stage of being convenient for can be handled (level and smooth forging), can better improve the mechanical properties of takeover part. The preferred nozzle cavity 21 depth is greater than 300mm of the correspondingly formed nozzle length.
The forging method of the integrated seal head for nuclear power adopts the forging forming die and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: blank making in a free section, and ensuring that the blank is completely forged and compacted;
step two: placing the blank into a lower die 2 for upsetting;
step three; taking the upsetting material out of the lower die 2, heating to 1250 +/-20 ℃, putting the upsetting material into a combined die of the lower die 2 and the upper die 3, and performing rotary upsetting extrusion forming on the upsetting material by using a male die 4 to prepare a profile forging;
step four: flattening the forged piece; the bowl mouth edge of the profiling forging and the end of the connecting pipe are integrated into a plane.
As shown in fig. 6, the ingot is repeatedly upset and drawn out by free forging to ensure that the blank is fully forged and compacted to produce a blank, and then the blank is put into a lower die 2 to be upset by a hydraulic press to produce an upset material. And stopping upsetting until the distance between the upper end surface of the upset material and the upper end surface of the lower die 2 is 500-700 mm, so that the upset material can be taken out of the lower die 2. Before the blank is placed into the lower die for upsetting, the blank can be heated to 1250 +/-20 ℃ and then placed into the lower die for upsetting and deformation. And after the blank is upset in the lower die 2, taking the upset material out of the lower die 2, assembling the upper die 3 on the lower die 2 to form a combined die, putting the upset material into the combined die, and performing rotary upsetting and extrusion forming on the upset material by using the male die 4 to prepare the profile forging. The rotation angle of the male die 4 is 10-15 degrees every time, and the reduction is 70-100 mm every time, so that the uniform rolling of the surface of the upset material can be ensured, and the phenomenon that the surface of the upset material is roughly folded due to the fact that the surface is excessively deep rolled in the rolling process every time can be avoided. And after the forming is finished, taking the profiling forging out of the combined die, and arranging the bowl opening edge and the end face of the connecting pipe of the profiling forging into a plane.
The forging piece forged by the forging forming die guarantees the size of the forging piece through the die, and the problem that the size of the forging piece cannot meet the requirement is solved.
Because the connecting pipe 12 of the end socket is distributed around the central boss 11, when the connecting pipe 12 and the central boss 11 are formed together, the material flowing to the lower die connecting pipe cavity 21 and the material flowing to the central boss cavity 22 can be pulled mutually, namely, the connecting pipe and the central boss are difficult to form under the drawing and shrinking action of the die, and the size of the connecting pipe and the central boss cannot meet the requirement. In order to ensure the requirement of forging size, in the step one, a free forging blank is adopted, wherein the blank is a solid cylindrical blank, the cylindrical blank comprises a central boss section 41 and an upsetting section 42, and the upsetting section 42 is of a frustum structure with a large end and a small end; the central boss section 41 is located at the center of the large end of the upset section 42 and is located at the same center of rotation as the upset section 42. The central boss (central boss section) of the end socket is prefabricated on the blank firstly, so that the drawing and shrinking effects of the die are reduced, the forming difficulty of the forge piece is reduced, the size of the forge piece is ensured, and meanwhile, the central boss section 41 can play a role in positioning, so that the blank can be conveniently centered and placed into the lower die 2. The upsetting section 42 is a frustum structure with a large end and a small end, and the frustum structure can prevent the risk of surface fracture defects of the blank in the upsetting process.
To facilitate the retention of the upset 42 during upsetting, the upset 42 includes a straight section 43 disposed at its middle or small end. The straight section 43 is more convenient for the clamp fixation. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a free forged billet with a straight section 43 in the middle of the upset section 42.
The diameter of the large end of the upsetting section 42 is D, and the diameter D of the large end of the upsetting section 42 is determined according to the size of the lower die 2, and generally takes a value of 1.5 (a + B/2), wherein a is the distance from the center of the connecting pipe cavity to the center line of the lower die, and B is the width of the connecting pipe cavity in the radial direction of the projection of the lower die.
The length of the upsetting section 42 is L, and the value of L is L = 1.5D-2D, so that the total size of L as high as possible can be obtained under the condition of not influencing upsetting, and the risk of surface fracture defects in the blank upsetting process is prevented.
The forging method of the invention comprises the following steps:
selecting a cylindrical steel ingot of which the steel ingot material is 508-3 steel, and repeatedly upsetting and drawing out by free forging to ensure that the blank is manufactured after the blank is completely forged and compacted; heating the blank to 1230 ℃, and then placing the blank into a lower die of the invention for upsetting; after blank upsetting, taking the upset material out of the lower die, heating the upset material to 1230 ℃, putting the upset material into a combined die of the lower die and the upper die, and performing rotary upsetting-extrusion forming on the upset material by using a male die, wherein the rotation angle of the male die is 10 degrees each time, the reduction of each time is 70mm, the detected size of the manufactured profile forging meets the requirement, and the surface of the forging is free of folding damage; finally, the bowl mouth edge and the connecting pipe end of the profiling forging piece are integrated into a plane
Example two:
selecting a cylindrical steel ingot of which the steel ingot material is 508-3 steel, and repeatedly upsetting and drawing out by free forging to ensure that the blank is manufactured after the blank is completely forged and compacted; heating the blank to 1250 ℃, and then placing the blank into a lower die of the invention for upsetting; after blank upsetting, taking out the upset material from the lower die, heating to 1250 ℃, then placing the upset material into a combined die of the lower die and the upper die, carrying out rotary upsetting and extrusion forming on the upset material by using a male die, wherein each rotation angle of the male die is 12 degrees, each reduction is 90mm, the size of the manufactured profile forging meets the requirement after detection, and the surface of the forging is free of folding damage; and finally, the bowl opening edge of the profiling forging and the end of the connecting pipe are integrated into a plane.
Example three:
selecting a cylindrical steel ingot of which the steel ingot material is 508-3 steel, and repeatedly upsetting and drawing out by free forging to ensure that the blank is manufactured after the blank is completely forged and compacted; heating the blank to 1270 ℃, and then placing the blank into a lower die of the invention for upsetting; after blank upsetting, taking out the upset material from the lower die, heating the upset material to 1270 ℃, putting the upset material into a combined die of the lower die and the upper die, and performing rotary upsetting-extrusion forming on the upset material by using a male die, wherein the rotation angle of the male die is 15 degrees each time, the reduction of the male die is 100mm each time, the detected size of the manufactured profile forging meets the requirement, and the surface of the forging is free of folding damage; and finally, the bowl opening edge of the profiling forging and the end of the connecting pipe are integrated into a plane.
Claims (7)
1. Forging forming die of integration head for nuclear power, including terrace die (4), lower mould (2) and can dismantle last mould (3) of being connected with lower mould (2), lower mould (2) are equipped with central boss die cavity (22) and take over die cavity (21), its characterized in that: the section of the connecting pipe cavity (21) is composed of a rectangle and a semicircular arc which is positioned on the outer side of the rectangle and tangent to one side of the rectangle, the length of two sides of the rectangle tangent to the semicircular arc is more than or equal to one half of the outer diameter of the connecting pipe which is correspondingly formed, the length of the other side of the rectangle tangent to the semicircular arc is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting pipe which is correspondingly formed, the edges and corners of the rectangle adopt fillet transition, and the projected symmetrical central line (213) of the semicircular arc of the connecting pipe cavity (21) is arranged along the projected radial direction of the lower.
2. The forging and forming die for the nuclear power integrated seal head as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the length of two sides of the rectangle tangent to the semi-circular arc is half of the outer diameter of the correspondingly formed connecting pipe.
3. The forging and forming die for the nuclear power integrated seal head as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the depth of the connecting pipe cavity (21) is larger than the length of the correspondingly formed connecting pipe.
4. The forging method of the integrated seal head for nuclear power is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the forging method of the integrated end socket adopts the forging forming die as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) manufacturing a blank in a free section, and ensuring the blank to be completely forged and compacted, wherein the manufactured blank is a solid cylindrical blank, the cylindrical blank comprises a central boss section (41) and an upsetting section (42), and the upsetting section (42) is of a frustum structure with a large end and a small end; the central boss section (41) is positioned in the center of the large end part of the upsetting section (42) and is positioned in the same rotation center with the upsetting section (42);
step two: placing the blank into the lower die (2) for upsetting;
step three: taking out the upsetting material from the lower die (2), heating to 1250 +/-20 ℃, putting the upsetting material into a combined die of the lower die (2) and the upper die (3), and performing rotary upsetting extrusion forming on the upsetting material by using the male die (4) to prepare a profile forging;
step four: flattening the forged piece; and (3) the edge of the bowl opening of the profiling forging and the end surface of the connecting pipe are integrated into a plane.
5. The forging method of the integrated seal head for nuclear power as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the upset section (42) includes a straight section (43) disposed at its middle or small end.
6. The forging method of the nuclear power integrated seal head as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the diameter of the large end of the upsetting section (42) is D, the length of the upsetting section (42) is L, and the value of L is L = 1.5D-2D.
7. The forging method of the integrated seal head for nuclear power as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: and in the third step, the upset material is subjected to rotary upsetting extrusion forming by using a male die (4), wherein each rotation angle of the male die (4) is 10-15 degrees, and each reduction is 70-100 mm.
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| CN201910150207.XA CN109822027B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Forging forming die and forging method of integrated seal head for nuclear power |
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| CN201910150207.XA CN109822027B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Forging forming die and forging method of integrated seal head for nuclear power |
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| CN114309423B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2024-02-13 | 贵州航天新力科技有限公司 | Forging method of special-shaped seal head with lug |
| CN114393165B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2024-02-13 | 贵州航天新力科技有限公司 | Forming and forging device for special-shaped seal head with lug |
| CN115608899A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-01-17 | 无锡宏达重工股份有限公司 | Combined forming process for large thick-wall hemispherical end socket forging |
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