CN110842127A - Drainage device for closed mold cavity for wheel forming - Google Patents
Drainage device for closed mold cavity for wheel forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN110842127A CN110842127A CN201911234789.6A CN201911234789A CN110842127A CN 110842127 A CN110842127 A CN 110842127A CN 201911234789 A CN201911234789 A CN 201911234789A CN 110842127 A CN110842127 A CN 110842127A
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- die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/38—Making machine elements wheels; discs rims; tyres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K29/00—Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a drainage device for a closed die cavity for wheel forming, and belongs to the field of hot forming processes of integrally rolled steel train wheels. The invention discloses a drainage device for a closed mold cavity for wheel molding, which comprises an upper mold base and a lower mold base, wherein an upper forming mold is fixedly arranged below the upper mold base, and a lower forming mold is fixedly arranged above the lower mold base; the upper forming die and the lower forming die are relatively matched for use, and a cavity formed between the upper forming die and the lower forming die is used for forming a forming blank; set up lower die cavity drainage device on the lower die bench, form annular delivery port respectively on lower die cavity drainage device, the drainage notch has been seted up to annular delivery port below to guarantee the promptness of going out water, this lower die cavity drainage device is applied to anti-radials rim plate apart from big difference wheel and warp, does benefit to being full of shaping base lateral surface rim and medial surface wheel hub, and die set is practical reliable, has greatly improved the qualification rate of product, and realizes the batch production of this type of wheel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hot forming processes of integrally rolled steel train wheels, in particular to a drainage device for a closed mold cavity for wheel forming.
Background
The hot forming process of the integral rolled steel wheel comprises four steps of preforming, forming, rolling and bending. The traditional deformation process is suitable for the wheel with the conventional shape, the inner side surface (with the rim surface) of the wheel faces downwards when the wheel is forged and deformed in the forming step, and fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the deformation mode of the conventional wheel. The cross section of the finished product of the wheel with the large difference between the distance between the anti-spoke rims and the plate distance is shown in fig. 8, the shape of a ZA866 wheel of the south Africa wheel belongs to the wheel with the large difference between the distance between the anti-spoke rims and the plate distance between the outer rims reaches 94mm, and the overlength of the hub at the inner side is 127 mm; because the die forging of the press is performed by static pressure and the finish forging step is completed by one stroke, the metal flows along the horizontal direction easily and is not easy to fill the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity. If according to the conventional wheel deformation mode, the ZA866 wheel is difficult to ensure that the outer rim surface and the inner hub surface are filled simultaneously in the forming process, so that the preform is required to have enough height and meet the requirement of metal outward discharge, that is, enough metal is reserved to ensure that the metal is filled in the inner hub surface and the outer rim surface simultaneously in the forming process. In order to overcome the technical difficulty, the outer side surface (without the rim surface) is downward when forging and pressing deformation are carried out in the forming step, as shown in fig. 2, the deformation mode is a schematic diagram of the wheel with large difference of the distance between the anti-spoke rim plates, the deformation mode can complete the filling of the inner side hub surface in the preforming step, so that when the forming step is carried out, metal is easily filled in the outer rim surface, and good forming blanks are obtained.
The main difference between the conventional wheel deformation mode and the wheel deformation mode with the large difference between the distance between the anti-radial plate rims and the plate distance is in the molding step, the wheel deformation mode with the large difference between the distance between the anti-radial plate rims and the plate distance is favorable for filling a molded blank, but for the wheel, when the outer rim surface is a semi-closed mold cavity in the molding step, water is easily accumulated in the mold cavity and secondary oxide iron sheets are generated, so that the good molded blank is not favorably obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
In the big difference wheel shaping process step of anti-radials rim plate distance among the prior art, outer rim face department is the semi-closed die cavity, goes out water in the die cavity and leads to ponding scheduling problem when untimely, this patent discloses a wheel shaping seals die cavity drainage device, sets up die cavity drainage device down on the die bench, form annular delivery port on the die cavity drainage device down respectively, the drainage notch has been seted up to annular delivery port below to guarantee the promptness of going out water, and guarantee to discharge die cavity ponding and secondary oxide iron sheet under the normal production rhythm.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a drainage device for a closed mold cavity for wheel molding comprises an upper mold base and a lower mold base, wherein an upper forming mold is fixedly arranged below the upper mold base, and a lower forming mold is fixedly arranged above the lower mold base; the upper forming die and the lower forming die are matched relatively for use, a cavity formed between the upper forming die and the lower forming die is used for forming a forming blank, the closed die cavity drainage device is suitable for the step of forming a wheel with a large difference between the distance between the anti-radial rim plates, the lower die seat is further provided with a lower die cavity drainage device, the lower die cavity drainage device comprises an annular water outlet, a drainage notch is formed below the annular water outlet to form a closed die cavity, accumulated water and secondary oxide scales in the die cavity are discharged timely, and therefore a good thermal forming blank is obtained.
According to the further technical scheme, an upper core rod vertically penetrates through the middle part of the upper forming die, and a lower core rod vertically penetrates through the middle part of the lower forming die; an upper die ring is arranged on the periphery of the upper forming die, and a lower die ring is arranged on the periphery of the lower forming die; the periphery of the lower die ring is provided with a forming ring, the forming ring is applied to forming of a wheel with a large difference of the plate distance of the anti-radial plate rims, the plate distance of the outer side rim reaches 94mm, meanwhile, the overlong length of the inner side wheel hub is 127mm, when the forming process step is forged and deformed, the outer side face (without the rim face) faces downwards, the deformation mode is full of the inner side wheel hub face in the preforming process step, the outer rim face is easily full of the forming process step, and good forming blanks are obtained.
According to a further technical scheme, the annular water outlet comprises a water outlet I and a water outlet II, and the water outlet I is arranged at the joint between the outer diameter of the lower forming die and the inner diameter of the lower die ring; the water outlet II is arranged at the joint between the outer diameter of the lower die ring and the inner diameter of the forming ring; the size of the water outlet I is changed by changing the outer diameter of the lower forming die and the inner diameter of the lower die ring; the size of the water outlet I and the size of the water outlet II are limited by the arc of the sharp corner of the outer end surface outer diameter of the forming blank.
According to a further technical scheme, a water outlet I is designed at the inner diameter of a rim, the outer diameter of a lower forming die is retracted by 3mm, the inner diameter of a lower die ring is expanded by 3mm to form an annular water outlet, and the size is limited by a sharp-angled arc of the inner diameter of the outer end surface of a forming blank; designing a water outlet II at the outer diameter of the rim, expanding the inner diameter of the forming ring by 3mm, and reducing the outer diameter of the lower die ring by 3mm to form an annular water outlet; the reasonableness of the size of the water outlet is detected on one hand in the timeliness of water outlet and on the other hand in smoothness and excess when the sharp corners of the outer rim surface of the forming blank are filled with water.
According to a further technical scheme, the drainage notch comprises a drainage notch I and a drainage notch II, the drainage notch I is symmetrically formed in the lower end face of the lower forming die, and a channel is formed between the drainage notch I and the water outlet I and is communicated with the inner cavity of the lower loop; the drainage notch II is symmetrically arranged on the lower end face of the forming ring, a channel is formed between the drainage notch II and the water outlet II and leads to the outer side of the lower die base, so that the timeliness of water outlet is guaranteed, and the accumulated water in the die cavity and the secondary iron scale can be discharged in the normal production rhythm.
According to a further technical scheme, the lower movable sleeve is arranged at a contact position between the lower core rod and the lower forming die; an upper loop is arranged at the contact position between the upper forming die and the upper core rod; the upper loop and the lower loop form a complete die cavity in the wheel forming process, and the upper loop moves downwards to play a role in demoulding a formed blank.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the drainage device for the closed mold cavity for wheel molding comprises an annular water outlet, wherein a drainage notch is formed below the annular water outlet to form a closed mold cavity, so that accumulated water and secondary iron oxide scales in the mold cavity are discharged in time, and a good hot-state molding blank is obtained;
(2) according to the drainage device for the closed mold cavity for wheel molding, the size of the water outlet I is changed by changing the outer diameter of the lower molding mold and the inner diameter of the lower mold ring; the size of the water outlet II is changed by changing the outer diameter of the lower die ring and the inner diameter of the forming ring, and the sizes of the water outlet I and the water outlet II are limited by the arc of the sharp corner of the outer end surface outer diameter of the forming blank;
(3) according to the drainage device for the closed wheel molding cavity, the reasonability of the water outlet is checked through the timeliness of water outlet and smoothness transition when the sharp corners of the outer rim surface of the molding blank are filled;
(4) according to the drainage device for the closed mold cavity for wheel molding, a channel is formed between the drainage notch I and the water outlet I and is communicated with the inner cavity of the lower loop; a channel is formed between the drainage notch II and the water outlet II and leads to the outer side of the lower die base, so that the timeliness of water outlet is ensured, and accumulated water in the die cavity and secondary iron oxide scales can be discharged in normal production rhythm;
(5) according to the drainage device for the closed mold cavity for wheel molding, the upper molding die is flat, the mold cavity is not provided, the outer side rim is arranged on the lower die table corresponding to the mold cavity, so that a semi-closed mold cavity can be formed, and the drainage device for the lower mold cavity is arranged on the lower die base, so that the closed mold cavity is formed, and the problem of water accumulation is solved;
(6) according to the drainage device for the closed mold cavity for wheel molding, the upper loop and the lower loop form a complete mold cavity in the wheel molding process, and the upper loop moves downwards to play a role in demolding a molded blank.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional wheel deformation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the deformation mode of the wheel with large difference between the plate-to-plate rim pitches according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a drainage device for a lower mold cavity according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the structure of a drainage device for a closed cavity in the molding step of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structures at A and B;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a molding state of a cavity in a molding step corresponding to a conventional wheel deformation mode;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a molding state of a semi-closed mold cavity in a molding step corresponding to a deformation mode of a wheel with a large difference between the plate distances of the anti-spoke rims;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a finished wheel with a large difference in spoke rim plate distance.
In the figure: 1-an upper die holder; 2-a lower die holder; 3, forming a blank; 11-upper forming die; 12-upper core rod; 13-looping; 14-a mould ring; 21-lower forming die; 22-lower core rod; 23-lower loop; 24-lower die ring; 25-a forming ring; 31-secondary iron scale; a-a water outlet I; b-a water outlet II; c, a drainage notch I; d-a drainage notch II; PF-preforming; f-forming; r-rolling; BD-press bending.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 4, the drainage device for a closed mold cavity for wheel molding of the present embodiment includes an upper mold base 1 and a lower mold base 2, wherein an upper molding die 11 is fixedly installed below the upper mold base 1, and a lower molding die 21 is fixedly installed above the lower mold base 2; the middle part of the upper forming die 11 vertically penetrates through the upper core rod 12, and the middle part of the lower forming die 21 vertically penetrates through the lower core rod 22; an upper die ring 14 is arranged on the periphery of the upper forming die 11, and a lower die ring 24 is arranged on the periphery of the lower forming die; a forming ring 25 is arranged on the periphery of the lower die ring 24, the upper forming die 11 and the lower forming die 21 are oppositely matched for use, and a cavity formed between the upper forming die and the lower forming die is used for forming the forming blank 3;
when the train wheel with the large difference of the distance between the anti-radial plate rims and the plate distance is subjected to hot forming, a preforming step PF is performed, a forming step F is performed, a rolling step R is performed, and a bending step BD is performed. The preforming step PF serves to pre-distribute the metal volume of the hub, rim. The press is forged by static pressure, and the press completes the final forging step by one stroke, so that the metal flows along the horizontal direction easily and is not easy to fill the upper and lower cavities. The train wheel with the large difference of the distance between the anti-radial plate rim plates has the characteristic of the anti-radial plate, so enough metal is reserved to ensure that the inner side wheel hub surface and the outer side wheel rim surface are filled with the metal in the next working step.
As shown in fig. 1, the conventional deformation process is suitable for a wheel with a conventional shape, and the inner side surface (with a rim surface) of the wheel faces downwards during forging deformation in the forming step; as shown in FIG. 8, the wheel type ZA866 of south Africa wheels belongs to a wheel with large distance between the rims of the anti-spoke plate, the distance between the outer rims reaches 94mm, and the overlength of the hub at the inner side is 127 mm. If the conventional wheel deformation mode is adopted, the ZA866 wheel is difficult to ensure that the outer rim surface and the inner hub surface are simultaneously full in the forming step, and the preform is deduced to have enough height and to be discharged with metal, namely enough metal is reserved to ensure that the inner hub surface and the outer rim surface are simultaneously full in the forming step; as shown in fig. 2, in order to overcome this difficulty, the outer side surface (without rim surface) faces downward when the forging deformation is performed in the forming step; as shown in fig. 3, a lower mold cavity drainage device is further arranged on the lower mold base 2, the lower mold cavity drainage device comprises an annular water outlet, a drainage notch is arranged below the annular water outlet to form a closed mold cavity, so that accumulated water and secondary iron oxide scales 31 in the mold cavity can be timely drained, and a good hot-state forming blank 3 can be obtained.
Example 2
The basic structure of the drainage device for the closed mold cavity for wheel molding of the embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the differences and improvements are that: as shown in fig. 3-5, the annular water outlet includes a water outlet ia and a water outlet iib, and the water outlet ia is disposed at a connection between the outer diameter of the lower forming die 21 and the inner diameter of the lower mold ring 24; the water outlet IIB is arranged at the joint between the outer diameter of the lower die ring 24 and the inner diameter of the forming ring 25; the size of the water outlet IA is changed by changing the outer diameter of the lower forming die 21 and the inner diameter of the lower die ring 24; the size of the water outlet IIB is changed by changing the outer diameter of the lower die ring 24 and the inner diameter of the forming ring 25, and the sizes of the water outlet IA and the water outlet IIB are limited by the arc of a sharp corner of the outer end surface outer diameter of the forming blank 3.
Example 3
The basic structure of the drainage device for the closed mold cavity for wheel molding of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 2, and the differences and improvements are that: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a water outlet IA is designed at the inner diameter of a rim, the outer diameter of a lower forming die is contracted inwards by 3mm, the inner diameter of the lower die ring is expanded by 3mm to form an annular water outlet, and the size is limited by the arc of a sharp corner of the inner diameter of the outer end surface of a forming blank 3; a water outlet IIB is designed at the outer diameter of the rim, the inner diameter of the forming ring 25 is expanded by 3mm, the outer diameter of the lower die ring 24 is reduced by 3mm, and an annular water outlet is formed; the reasonableness of the size of the water outlet is detected on one hand in the timeliness of water outlet and on the other hand in smoothness and excess when the sharp corners of the outer rim surface of the forming blank 3 are filled with water.
Example 4
The basic structure of the drainage device for the closed mold cavity for wheel molding of the embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and the differences and improvements are that: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the drainage notch includes a drainage notch ic and a drainage notch iid, the drainage notch ic is symmetrically formed on the lower end surface of the lower forming die 21, a channel is formed between the drainage notch ic and the water outlet ia, and the channel leads to the inner cavity of the lower loop 23; the drainage notches IID are symmetrically formed in the lower end face of the forming ring 25, and a channel is formed between the drainage notches IID and the water outlet IIB and leads to the outer side of the lower die base 2;
as shown in fig. 2, the hot forming process of the integral rolled steel wheel with large difference of the distance between the anti-radial rim plates comprises four steps of performing PF, forming F, rolling R and bending BD, and the drainage device of the closed mold cavity for wheel forming is applied to the forming step; in the molding step die cavity corresponding to the conventional wheel deformation mode shown in fig. 6, the die cavity corresponding to the outer rim is on the upper die table, the part of the inner rim corresponding to the lower die table is flat, no die cavity is formed, and no water accumulation problem exists; in a molding step die cavity corresponding to a wheel deformation mode with a large difference between the distances between the anti-radial rim plates as shown in fig. 7, an upper die table is flat, no die cavity is formed, an outer rim is arranged on a lower die table corresponding to the die cavity, a semi-closed die cavity is formed, and the problem of water accumulation exists, and secondary iron scales 31 generated on a billet taken out of a heating furnace enter the die cavity along with a molding blank 3, so that the secondary iron scales 31 are not easy to discharge out of the die cavity; through set up drainage notch IC, drainage notch IID on lower die base 2 to respectively with delivery port IA, form the passageway between the delivery port IIB, thereby guarantee the promptness of play water, and can guarantee to discharge under the normal production rhythm that the die cavity ponding and secondary oxide scale 31, thereby guarantee the promptness of play water, and can guarantee to discharge under the normal production rhythm that die cavity ponding and secondary oxide scale 31.
Example 5
The basic structure of the drainage device for the closed mold cavity for wheel molding of the embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 4, and the differences and improvements are that: as shown in fig. 4, the lower loop 23 is disposed at the contact between the lower core rod 22 and the lower forming die 21; an upper loop 13 is arranged at the contact position between the upper forming die 11 and the upper core rod 12; the upper loop 13 and the lower loop 23 form a complete die cavity in the wheel forming process, and the upper loop 13 moves downwards to play a role in demoulding a formed blank.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A drainage device for a closed mold cavity for wheel molding comprises an upper mold base (1) and a lower mold base (2), wherein an upper molding die (11) is fixedly arranged below the upper mold base (1), and a lower molding die (21) is fixedly arranged above the lower mold base (2); go up moulded die (11) and lower moulded die (21) and use with the relative cooperation, and the cavity that forms between the two is used for the shaping of shaping base (3), its characterized in that: the wheel forming device is suitable for the wheel forming process step with the large difference between the distances between the anti-radial plate rims and the plate plates, a lower die cavity drainage device is further arranged on the lower die base (2), the lower die cavity drainage device comprises an annular water outlet, and a drainage notch is formed in the lower portion of the annular water outlet.
2. The apparatus for draining a closed mold cavity for wheel molding according to claim 1, wherein: an upper core rod (12) vertically penetrates through the middle part of the upper forming die (11), and a lower core rod (22) vertically penetrates through the middle part of the lower forming die (21); an upper die ring (14) is arranged on the periphery of the upper forming die (11), and a lower die ring (24) is arranged on the periphery of the lower forming die; and a forming ring (25) is arranged on the periphery of the lower die ring (24).
3. The drainage device for the closed mold cavity of the wheel forming machine as claimed in the claims 1 and 2, wherein: the annular water outlet comprises a water outlet I (A) and a water outlet II (B), and the water outlet I (A) is arranged at the joint between the outer diameter of the lower forming die (21) and the inner diameter of the lower die ring (24); and the water outlet II (B) is arranged at the joint between the outer diameter of the lower die ring (24) and the inner diameter of the forming ring (25).
4. A wheel forming closed mold cavity drainage apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the size of the water outlet I (A) is changed by changing the outer diameter of the lower forming die (21) and the inner diameter of the lower die ring (24); the size of the water outlet II (B) is changed by changing the outer diameter of the lower die ring (24) and the inner diameter of the forming ring (25).
5. The drainage device for the closed mold cavity of the wheel forming machine as claimed in claims 1 and 3, wherein: the drainage notch comprises a drainage notch I (C) and a drainage notch II (D), the drainage notch I (C) is symmetrically formed in the lower end face of the lower forming die (21), a channel is formed between the drainage notch I (C) and the water outlet I (A), and the channel leads to the inner cavity of the lower loop (23); the drainage notch II (D) is symmetrically arranged on the lower end face of the forming ring (25), and a channel is formed between the drainage notch II (D) and the water outlet II (B) and leads to the outer side of the lower die base (2).
6. The apparatus for draining a closed mold cavity for wheel molding according to claim 5, wherein: the lower loop (23) is arranged at the contact position between the lower core rod (22) and the lower forming die (21).
7. The apparatus for draining a closed mold cavity for wheel molding according to claim 1, wherein: the upper forming die (11) is a flat opening, and an upper loop (13) is arranged at the contact position between the upper forming die (11) and the upper core rod (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911234789.6A CN110842127A (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | Drainage device for closed mold cavity for wheel forming |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911234789.6A CN110842127A (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | Drainage device for closed mold cavity for wheel forming |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110842127A true CN110842127A (en) | 2020-02-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911234789.6A Pending CN110842127A (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | Drainage device for closed mold cavity for wheel forming |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111922276A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-13 | 宝武集团马钢轨交材料科技有限公司 | Wheel forging and pressing preforming die |
-
2019
- 2019-12-05 CN CN201911234789.6A patent/CN110842127A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111922276A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-13 | 宝武集团马钢轨交材料科技有限公司 | Wheel forging and pressing preforming die |
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