CN109821944B - Three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape control and temperature control - Google Patents
Three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape control and temperature control Download PDFInfo
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- CN109821944B CN109821944B CN201910292429.5A CN201910292429A CN109821944B CN 109821944 B CN109821944 B CN 109821944B CN 201910292429 A CN201910292429 A CN 201910292429A CN 109821944 B CN109821944 B CN 109821944B
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape control and temperature control, which mainly comprises a base, a sectional insulation box, a forming unit, a hydraulic oil cylinder bracket, a hydraulic oil cylinder, a transformer and a temperature control cabinet; wherein, the base is L-shaped, and a plurality of T-shaped grooves are longitudinally formed; the forming unit is arranged in the T-shaped groove through a T-shaped sliding block at the bottom of the bracket; the sectional incubator is arranged on a slide block guide rail of the forming unit to form a follow-up structure and moves together with the forming unit; openings at two sides of the sectional insulation box are sealed by a high-temperature-resistant flexible protective curtain and an asbestos screen, so that heat dissipation is reduced; the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder support and the base, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the back plate of the forming unit, and the position of the forming unit can be adjusted and the forming unit can be positioned by controlling the displacement of the piston rod; the section bar adopts self-resistance heating, a transformer is connected with the section bar and a temperature control cabinet, and the temperature control cabinet controls the heating of the resistance wire and the acquisition of thermocouple data; the invention improves the heating efficiency and the temperature control precision by designing the sectional shape control temperature control device which has independent heat preservation property and moves along with the section in the forming process, and realizes the flexible, high-efficiency and low-cost three-dimensional thermal stretch bending precise forming of the metal section which is difficult to process at normal temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-dimensional thermal stretch-bending forming device with sectional shape and temperature control, in particular to a thermal stretch-bending forming device for a titanium alloy section of an airplane or a rail train, and belongs to the technical field of stretch-bending forming of metal sections.
Background
The three-dimensional stretch-bending forming piece of the metal section can be widely applied to the production of three-dimensional framework structural members of bodies of spaceflight, rail trains, automobiles and the like. The principle of stretch bending is to apply tangential tension to the profile and bend the profile by changing the position of the inner neutral layer. The stretch bending process has good forming effect on bending parts with larger yield strength, and has high bending quality and small rebound quantity, so that the stretch bending process is widely applied to the forming manufacture of aircraft fuselages, bulkhead, ribs and engine frame connectors. At present, a three-dimensional bending structural member is generally processed and formed by adopting a three-dimensional stretch bending forming technology of an integral die or a multi-point die. For a metal material with good formability at normal temperature, a required three-dimensional bending workpiece can be accurately formed only at the room temperature, however, for a metal material with poor formability at the normal temperature, such as a difficult-to-process material such as titanium alloy, the deformation resistance is large, the plasticity is poor, the processing window is narrow at the normal temperature, higher requirements are put on forming equipment, and the parts are difficult to realize accurate plastic forming at the room temperature.
For the processing of such a hardly deformable material, for example, a titanium alloy is generally heated by a self-resistance heating method or the like and then subjected to plastic forming. However, the following problems exist in the field of hot stretch bending of metal profiles: firstly, the current technological method and device of the metal stretch-bending forming piece mainly aims at two-dimensional hot stretch-bending forming, the research on the three-dimensional hot stretch-bending forming piece is relatively less, the technology is immature, and the equipment and the technology are not perfect; secondly, to the three-dimensional hot stretch bending shaping of multiple spot, generally adopt whole insulation can, with the whole cladding of mould in the box, the shortcoming is: the heating space is large, the energy consumption is high, the temperature measurement is not accurate enough and the time delay is provided, and a set of good and efficient heating and heat preservation device and a technological method do not exist at present.
In order to solve the problem of three-dimensional hot stretch-bending forming of difficult-to-deform materials such as titanium alloy, it is necessary to design a three-dimensional hot stretch-bending forming device and a process method for metal profiles, and a three-dimensional hot stretch-bending forming device with independent heat preservation property and sectional shape control and temperature control is needed, so that flexible, efficient and low-cost three-dimensional hot stretch-bending accurate forming of the metal profiles is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the current production situation of three-dimensional stretch bending forming, the invention provides a three-dimensional thermal stretch bending forming device with sectional shape and temperature control, and designs a sectional insulation box with independent insulation property. Compared with the integral type incubator, the independent heat preservation effect is better, the efficiency is higher, the sectional incubator is arranged on the forming unit, the forming unit and the sectional incubator are combined into a follow-up structure, an integral relatively closed space is formed, the positioning of the hydraulic oil cylinder is more accurate, and the heat preservation efficiency is better. The wall surface of the sectional insulation box adopts a structure of an insulation layer and a metal shell, wherein the insulation layer is made of mullite fiber boards, and the metal shell is made of heat-resistant stainless steel. The top of the sectional insulation box is provided with an opening for connecting an internal resistance wire of the sectional insulation box with a thermocouple and a temperature control cabinet, and the sectional insulation boxes are connected through a high-temperature-resistant flexible protective curtain, the opening of the sectional insulation box close to the two sides of the clamp is closed by an asbestos screen, and the size of the asbestos screen opening is determined according to the sectional area and the bending shape of the sectional material, so that the heat loss in the sectional insulation box is reduced. The resistance wire heating equipment with higher thermal response speed is used, the temperature inside each sectional insulation box can be displayed on the temperature display instrument, the temperature inside each sectional insulation box can be detected in real time, and the optimal stretch-bending forming temperature of the profile is achieved. The section bar adopts self-resistance heating, and the section bar is insulated with the clamp by an insulating block. In conclusion, the invention realizes the sectional temperature control shape control multi-point three-dimensional thermal stretch bending of the metal section.
From the above, the invention solves the problem that the current three-dimensional stretch bending field is difficult to solve as follows:
(1) Realizing the multipoint three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming of the metal section;
(2) Aiming at the problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency of the whole insulation box, a segmented insulation box with independent insulation property is designed, and independent insulation for each forming unit is realized;
(3) Aiming at the problems that the temperature measurement is inaccurate and the time delay is caused by large space of the whole insulation can, the sectional insulation can with a large quantity and small space is designed, and the heating and the temperature measurement are more accurate.
Drawings
Fig. 1: a three-dimensional thermal stretch bending forming device with sectional shape and temperature control is provided.
Fig. 2: the structure schematic diagram of the multi-point three-dimensional thermal stretch bending follow-up forming device.
Fig. 3: the structure schematic diagram of the three-dimensional stretch bending forming device without the sectional incubator.
Fig. 4: the sectional heat preservation box is structurally schematic.
Fig. 5: schematic structural diagram of forming unit.
Fig. 6: the horizontal pin shaft structure is schematically shown.
In the figure: 1. the hydraulic pressure protection curtain comprises a base, a segmented heat insulation box, a forming unit, a hydraulic oil cylinder bracket, a hydraulic oil cylinder, a piston rod, a transformer, a temperature control cabinet, a asbestos screen, a high-temperature flexible protection curtain, a clamp, an insulating block, a profile, a thermocouple, a wire, a height limiting cushion block, a bracket, a bolt, a forming unit back plate, a height limiting rod, a forming unit top plate, a sliding block guide rail, a vertical pin roll, a forming surface bottom plate, a forming surface, a sliding block and a horizontal pin roll.
Detailed Description
Description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings and examples
The three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape control and temperature control is characterized by comprising a base 1, a sectional insulation box 2, a forming unit 3, a hydraulic cylinder support 4, a hydraulic cylinder 5, a transformer 7 and a temperature control cabinet 8. The forming unit 3 is mounted on the base 1, the sectional insulation boxes 2 are mounted on slide block guide rails 22 of the forming unit 3, piston rods 6 of the hydraulic cylinders 5 are fixedly connected with a back plate 19 of the forming unit, the sectional insulation boxes 2 and the forming unit 3 can longitudinally slide along the base 1 under the action of the hydraulic cylinders 5, openings of adjacent sectional insulation boxes 2 are connected through high-temperature-resistant flexible protective curtains 10, openings of the sectional insulation boxes 2 close to two sides of the clamp 11 are closed by asbestos nets 9, and the size of the openings of the asbestos nets 9 is determined according to the sectional area and the bending shape of the profile 13. The section bar 13 adopts self-resistance heating and is connected with the transformer 7 through a cable. The insulation block 12 is adopted to insulate the clamp 11 from the section bar 13, and the temperature control cabinet 8 controls the temperature of the sectional insulation box 2 through the cable control thermocouple 14 and the resistance wire 15.
The forming unit 3 and the sectional insulation box 2 are in follow-up type independent insulation, the sectional insulation box 2 is arranged on a slide block guide rail 22 of the forming unit 3, moves together under the action of the hydraulic oil cylinder 5, and is positioned by the hydraulic oil cylinder 5.
The base 1 is L-shaped, a plurality of T-shaped grooves are formed in the longitudinal direction, and the hydraulic cylinder 5 is arranged on the base 1 and the hydraulic cylinder support 4.
The sectional insulation box 2 is a box body, and a thermocouple 14 and a resistance wire 15 are arranged in the box body and used for temperature measurement and heating. The wall surface of the sectional insulation box 2 adopts a structure of an insulation layer and a metal shell, wherein the insulation layer is made of mullite fiber boards, and the metal shell is made of heat-resistant stainless steel.
The forming unit backboard 19 and the slide block guide rail 22 are arranged on the bracket 17 through bolts 18, the height limiting rod 20 and the height limiting cushion block 16 limit the displacement of the slide block 26, the slide block 26 is connected with the forming surface soleplate 24 through a vertical pin 23, the forming surface soleplate 24 can rotate around the vertical pin 23, the forming surface soleplate 24 is connected with the forming surface 25 through a horizontal pin 27, the forming surface 25 can rotate around the horizontal pin 27, and the forming unit 3 can longitudinally slide along the T-shaped groove of the base 1.
The temperature control cabinet 8 is of a cabinet structure, a plurality of temperature display instruments are mounted on the control panel, each temperature display instrument corresponds to the thermocouple 14 in the different sectional heat preservation boxes 2, and the temperature in each sectional heat preservation box 2 can be intuitively read.
The transformer 7 is a product customized according to the requirement, the input end of the transformer is an alternating current power supply, and the output end of the transformer is a direct current power supply within the safety voltage.
The section bar 13 is heated by self-resistance, the transformer 7 supplies power to the section bar 13, and insulating blocks 12 are arranged at two ends of the section bar 13 and used for isolating the section bar 13 and the clamp 11.
When the workpiece is processed, the number of forming units can be correspondingly increased or decreased according to actual conditions.
In a first embodiment, taking hot stretch bending of a titanium alloy section with a rectangular section as an example, a forming process of a three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape control and temperature control comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a section of circular arc is projected on a horizontal plane and a vertical plane of a target part respectively, bending parameters in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are calculated, the number of forming units is determined, the opening size of a asbestos net in a sectional insulation can is determined, and the extension length of a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder is calculated;
step two, manually adjusting a height limiting rod and a height limiting cushion block, installing a sectional insulation box on a slide block guide rail of a forming unit, installing a hydraulic oil cylinder, installing the forming unit and the sectional insulation box on a base, enabling a piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder to be fixedly connected with a backboard of the forming unit, and adjusting each forming unit and each sectional insulation box to be on a straight line by using the hydraulic oil cylinder;
thirdly, installing a high-temperature-resistant flexible protective curtain, enabling the section bar to pass through the forming unit and the inside of the sectional insulation box, installing an asbestos net, sleeving insulation blocks at two ends of the section bar, clamping the insulation blocks and the section bar by clamps, starting a self-resistance heating loop, controlling resistance wires in the sectional insulation box by a temperature control cabinet, heating the internal environment of the sectional insulation box, measuring the temperature by a thermocouple, and observing the readings on an instrument of the temperature control cabinet to enable the temperature to reach a preset value;
the fourth step, the shaping unit and the sectional incubator move along the T-shaped groove direction of the base under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the clamp moves along the same speed and horizontal direction when moving to the stop point, after the shaping unit and the sectional incubator stop moving, the clamp continues to move along the section, the section is gradually attached to the shaping surface, stretch bending shaping is carried out in the horizontal direction, after the end, the clamp moves along the vertical direction, stretch bending shaping is carried out in the vertical direction, after the end, the clamp is kept still, heat preservation is carried out by utilizing the sectional incubator, and the temperature control cabinet detects the temperature inside the sectional incubator;
and fifthly, after the transformer is closed according to the process requirement and heat preservation is carried out for a preset time, the sectional material is naturally cooled in the air, and then the asbestos net is dismounted, so that the sectional material can be manually taken out, and the forming unit and the sectional heat preservation box are moved back to the initial position by utilizing the hydraulic oil cylinder, thereby completing the multi-point three-dimensional thermal stretch bending of the rectangular-section titanium alloy sectional material.
Claims (6)
1. The three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape control and temperature control is characterized by comprising a base (1), a sectional insulation box (2), a forming unit (3), a hydraulic cylinder support (4), a hydraulic cylinder (5), a transformer (7) and a temperature control cabinet (8); the forming unit (3) is arranged on the base (1), the sectional insulation boxes (2) are arranged on slide block guide rails (22) of the forming unit (3), piston rods (6) of the hydraulic cylinders (5) are fixedly connected with a back plate (19) of the forming unit, the sectional insulation boxes (2) and the forming unit (3) can longitudinally slide along the base (1) under the action of the hydraulic cylinders (5), openings of adjacent sectional insulation boxes (2) are connected through high-temperature-resistant flexible protective curtains (10), openings of the sectional insulation boxes (2) close to two sides of the clamp (11) are closed by asbestos nets (9), and the size of the openings of the asbestos nets (9) is determined according to the sectional area and the bending shape of the profile (13); the section bar (13) adopts self-resistance heating and is connected with the transformer (7) through a cable; insulating blocks (12) are adopted to insulate the clamp (11) from the section bar (13), and the temperature control cabinet (8) controls the temperature of the sectional insulation box (2) through a cable control thermocouple (14) and a resistance wire (15); the forming unit (3) and the sectional insulation box (2) are in follow-up type independent insulation, the sectional insulation box (2) is arranged on a slide block guide rail (22) of the forming unit (3), moves together under the action of a hydraulic oil cylinder (5), and is positioned by the hydraulic oil cylinder (5); the base (1) is L-shaped, a plurality of T-shaped grooves are formed in the longitudinal direction, and the hydraulic cylinder (5) is arranged on the base (1) and the hydraulic cylinder bracket (4).
2. The three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape and temperature control as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sectional insulation box (2) is a box body, and a thermocouple (14) and a resistance wire (15) are arranged in the box body and used for temperature measurement and heating; the wall surface of the sectional insulation box (2) adopts a structure of an insulation layer and a metal shell, wherein the insulation layer is made of mullite fiber boards, and the metal shell is made of heat-resistant stainless steel.
3. The three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape and temperature control as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the forming unit backboard (19) and the sliding block guide rail (22) are arranged on the bracket (17) through bolts (18), the height limiting rod (20) and the height limiting cushion block (16) limit the displacement of the sliding block (26), the sliding block (26) is connected with the forming surface bottom plate (24) through a vertical pin shaft (23), the forming surface bottom plate (24) can rotate around the vertical pin shaft (23), the forming surface bottom plate (24) is connected with the forming surface (25) through a horizontal pin shaft (27), the forming surface (25) can rotate around the horizontal pin shaft (27), and the forming unit (3) can longitudinally slide along a T-shaped groove of the base (1).
4. The three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape and temperature control as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature control cabinet (8) is of a cabinet structure, a plurality of temperature display instruments are mounted on the control panel, each temperature display instrument corresponds to a thermocouple (14) in a different sectional insulation box (2), and the temperature in each sectional insulation box (2) can be intuitively read.
5. The three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape and temperature control as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transformer (7) is a product customized according to the requirement, the input end of the transformer is an alternating current power supply, and the output end of the transformer is a direct current power supply within the safety voltage.
6. The three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape and temperature control as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the section bar (13) is heated by self-resistance, the section bar (13) is supplied with power by the transformer (7), and insulating blocks (12) are arranged at two ends of the section bar (13) and are used for insulating the section bar (13) and the clamp (11).
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| CN201910292429.5A CN109821944B (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Three-dimensional hot stretch bending forming device with sectional shape control and temperature control |
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| CN109821944B true CN109821944B (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110238585B (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2021-06-08 | 中船重工鹏力（南京）智能装备系统有限公司 | Automatic positioning and clamping device suitable for arc T-shaped structural part |
| CN110976581B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Heat preservation tool for hot stretch bending of section bar |
| CN113560381B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-03-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | Large-section titanium alloy profile high-temperature creep forming tool and using method thereof |
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2019
- 2019-04-12 CN CN201910292429.5A patent/CN109821944B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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| DE102005031437A1 (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2007-01-11 | Volkswagen Ag | Method for producing strip profiles by pulling through dies with pivot mounted adjustable outer sections |
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