CN109820214A - A kind of the oscillatory type vacuum impulse dryer device and its drying means of granule materials - Google Patents
A kind of the oscillatory type vacuum impulse dryer device and its drying means of granule materials Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the oscillatory type vacuum impulse dryer devices and drying means of a kind of granule materials, the device includes vacuum system, vibrational system, heating system and control system, it can effectively realize that temperature, the intelligence of vacuum degree adjust and expect the intermittent vibration of frame, improve the rate of drying and uniform drying of granule material.The drying means is under the dry continuous pulsating condition of room pressure, the granule materials such as lichee are dried using vacuum impulse mode, the pulp interior microscopic duct of the granule materials such as lichee can be made constantly to expand, shrink, and then it interconnects, effectively facilitate drying, so that granule materials center of gravity is shifted and is bonded with heating plate under the effect of vibration of material frame simultaneously, is internally transmitted conducive to the heat by carpopodium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and relates to a vibrating type vacuum drying device and method for granular materials, in particular to a vibrating type vacuum drying device and method for litchi.
Background
Litchi (with the scientific name of Litchi chinensis Sonn) is often dried into dried Litchi products and the like besides being eaten fresh, so that the processing types of the products are enriched, and the shelf life of the products is prolonged. The litchi is dried by hot air or high-temperature airing, the water of the dried product is removed, and the sugar content of the pulp is increased; and because the hot air drying processing technology is convenient and fast, the dried product has suitable taste, so the market demand is larger. The dried litchi finished product not only maintains the nutrient content, but also prolongs the storage period, and is convenient to transport and store.
In the prior art, hot air drying is the main drying method at present, but the flesh is easy to brown due to the contact with oxygen in the process. In order to improve the color of the dried litchi pulp, a sulfuration treatment is often adopted, i.e. combustion sulfur is used for fumigating or sulfurous acid and salts thereof are used for preparing an aqueous solution with a certain concentration for soaking litchi to be dried. However, medical research has proved that the mucosa of digestive tract and respiratory tract systems are damaged when people eat fruits, vegetables and foods fumigated by sulfur; in addition, the medicine also can damage organs such as liver, kidney and the like; more serious, the quality of the sulfur used for cost is poor, the purity is not high, the fumigated fruits and vegetables contain more heavy metals such as lead, mercury and the like, and chronic poisoning can be caused if the fruits and vegetables are eaten in large quantities or eaten for a long time. Therefore, the sulfur content in fruits and vegetables is clearly limited in China, and the sulfuration treatment of part of fruits and vegetables is forbidden.
In the prior art, another common drying mode is vacuum drying, also known as resolution drying, wherein the material is placed under the condition of vacuum negative pressure, so that the boiling point of water is reduced, and the drying process is isolated from external oxygen, thereby being beneficial to maintaining nutrient components. Therefore, the vacuum drying technology is widely applied to the production of fruit and vegetable foods, especially the drying of extracts of natural products, and the vacuum drying is widely adopted because many functional components in the natural products are not high-temperature resistant. However, the common vacuum drying technology usually adopts a vacuum degree or vacuum pressure maintaining mode, and the partial pressure of the water vapor on the surface of the heated material is easy to balance with the partial pressure of the water vapor in the drying environment, so that the humidity gradient is reduced, and the dehydration efficiency of the material is reduced.
The vacuum pulse drying technology is developed on the basis of common vacuum drying technology, and refers to a drying technology in which the pressure in a drying chamber periodically changes in a pulse mode according to a certain rule. Because continuous periodic pressure switching is adopted, the equilibrium state of water evaporation is broken continuously, and the drying process is accelerated.
In a common vacuum drying device, a material tray is directly contacted with a heating plate, and heat is transferred to a material through heat conduction. The litchi belongs to berry type materials with shells, pulp is tightly attached to the shells, the pulp and the kernels are connected with the shells through fruit handles, and the center of gravity of the fresh litchi is at the center of the shells. In the hot air drying process, heat is transferred to the shells in a heat convection mode, and then is transferred to the pulp with higher water content in the pulp. With the dispersion of the water in the pulp, the pulp shrinks gradually, the gravity center shifts to the fruit handle gradually, and a gap is formed between the pulp and the shell, which is not beneficial to the inward transfer of heat. But the pulp of shrink still is connected through fruit handle and shell, if adopt the heating methods of electric heating board, through heat-conduction mode heating material, if the work or material rest vibrates a little, the hot plate will be hugged closely to fruit handle department, and the heat directly transmits inside pulp through the fruit handle to improve heat transfer efficiency, accelerate drying rate.
Aiming at the dry processing of litchi, the current research mainly focuses on the fields of extraction and deep processing of effective components of litchi, such as: the patent publication No. CN102860476A discloses a litchi instant powder and a preparation method thereof; the patent publication No. CN107459588A discloses a method for extracting common sage herb polysaccharide by a supercritical CO2 fluid extraction technology; the patent publication No. CN103636769A discloses a method for drying and roasting dried lichees and dried longan in vacuum at low temperature. However, a drying device and a drying method special for the granular berry materials such as the litchi are still lacked. Therefore, a suitable, safe and reliable drying device and method are needed for berry type materials typified by litchi.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a vibration type vacuum pulsation drying device and method which has high efficiency and convenient use and is beneficial to quickly and effectively dry pulp type particle materials such as litchi.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the invention provides a vibrating type vacuum pulsation drying device for granular materials, which comprises a vacuum system, a vibration system, a heating system and a control system, wherein the vacuum system comprises a drying chamber 2, a catcher 7, a vacuum pump 8 and a condensation water tower 9, one end of the drying chamber 2 is communicated with the catcher 7, one end of the vacuum pump 8 is communicated with the catcher 7, and the other end of the vacuum pump 8 is connected with the condensation water tower 9; the vibration system comprises a material rack 3, a cam 4, a vibration fan 12, a support base 13, an air inlet pipeline 16 and a vibration shaft 24, wherein the cam 4 and the vibration fan 12 are fixedly connected to the vibration shaft 24, the support base 13 supports the vibration shaft 24 through the cam 4, and the vibration shaft 24 rotates under the driving of the vibration fan 12 so as to drive the cam 4 to slide on the support base 13; the heating system comprises a heating plate 14 and a material tray 15; the control system comprises a pressure sensor 10 and a main control unit, wherein the pressure sensor 10 is communicated with the drying chamber 2, and the main control unit is electrically connected with an air inlet valve 17, a vacuum electromagnetic valve 6, a vacuum pump 8 and the like.
Further, the vacuum control valve 6 is arranged on the pipe between the drying chamber 2 and the trap 7.
Preferably, the vacuum pump 8 is a water ring vacuum pump.
Preferably, the temperature of the water in the condensation water tower 9 is 15-40 ℃.
Preferably, the heating plates 14 are distributed and arranged in a plurality of layers along the vertical direction, and the distance between the two heating plates 14 is 30-70 mm;
preferably, the material tray 15 is located on the heating plate 14, and the litchis 18 are flatly laid on the material tray 15 in a single layer.
The invention also provides a drying method of the vibrating type vacuum pulsation drying device, which comprises the following steps:
a) cleaning the litchis 18 with stem and leaf impurities removed, putting the litchis 18 into a material tray 15, and putting the litchis into a drying chamber 2;
b) setting the absolute vacuum degree range of the drying chamber 2, the temperature of the heating plate 14, the pulsation ratio and the continuous drying time respectively;
wherein the absolute vacuum degree range of the drying chamber 2 is 0-6 kPa, the temperature of the heating plate 17 is 40-80 ℃, the pulsation ratio is the ratio of the time of the drying chamber 2 in the normal pressure state to the time of the vacuum state, the ratio is 1/2-1/5, the continuous drying time is 12-20 hours, and the normal pressure state is the actual local atmospheric pressure;
c) according to the set time, carrying out vacuum pulse drying and heating on the litchi 18;
in a vacuum state of a drying process, the main control component controls the air inlet valve 17 to be closed and controls the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 to be opened according to a pressure value provided by the pressure sensor 10, the vacuum pump 8 is started to vacuumize, air in the drying chamber 2 is pumped out by the vacuum pump 8 through the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 and the catcher 7, and when the vacuum degree in the drying chamber 2 reaches a set vacuum degree range, vacuumizing is stopped, and the set vacuum degree is maintained;
in the normal pressure state of the drying process, the main control part controls the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 and the vacuum pump 8 to be closed according to the pressure value provided by the pressure sensor 10, and simultaneously controls the air inlet valve 17 to be opened, so that under the action of the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the drying chamber 2, the outside air enters the drying chamber 2 through the air inlet pipeline 16 and impacts the vibration fan 12 to drive the vibration shaft 24 and the cam 4 to rotate, and under the interaction of the cam 4 and the supporting base 13, the material rack 3 is driven to vibrate up and down;
the main control part controls the ratio of the vacuum state time to the normal pressure state time in the drying process according to the set pulsation ratio;
in the heating process, the main control part regulates and controls the starting and the stopping of the heating plate 14 according to the set drying temperature, and when the temperature of the heating plate 14 is lower than the set temperature range, the heating is started; when the temperature of the heating plate 14 is higher than the set temperature range, the heating is stopped;
d) and (4) ending heating, closing the main control part, opening the drying chamber 2 and taking out the litchis 18.
Preferably, in the step b), the absolute vacuum degree of the drying chamber 2 ranges from 0 kPa to 6kPa, the temperature of the heating plate 14 is 70 ℃, the pulsation ratio is the ratio of the time of the drying chamber 2 in the normal pressure state to the time of the vacuum state, the ratio is 4/15, and the continuous drying time is 18 hours.
Preferably, in the step b), the absolute vacuum degree of the drying chamber 2 ranges from 0 kPa to 6kPa, the temperature of the heating plate 14 is 60 ℃, the pulsation ratio is the ratio of the time of the drying chamber 2 in the normal pressure state to the time of the vacuum state, the ratio is 8/15, and the continuous drying time is 22 hours.
Preferably, during the heating of the litchi 18, the evaporated water vapour is condensed in the trap 7.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the method adopts a vacuum drying mode to dry the litchi and other granular materials, avoids excessive contact with oxygen in the drying process, and effectively inhibits the phenomenon of pulp browning;
2) under the condition of continuous pressure pulsation in the drying chamber, the drying material micro pore canal can be regularly and continuously expanded and contracted so as to be communicated with each other, so that the moisture transfer of the drying material in the drying process can be effectively promoted, and a higher drying rate is maintained;
3) the invention takes account of the characteristics of pulp shrinkage and center-of-gravity shift of litchi and other granular materials in the drying process, the pulp is contacted with the heating plate under the action of gravity through vibration, and heat is quickly transferred to the inner pulp through the fruit handle, thereby improving the drying efficiency;
4) the invention can effectively realize intelligent regulation of temperature and vacuum degree, and can lead the dried material to vibrate intermittently, the drying speed is high, the drying is uniform, the pulp of the dried granular materials such as litchis and the like is bright in color, and the loss of nutrient substances is less.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a vibrating type vacuum pulsation drying apparatus for particulate materials according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed structural diagram of a vibration system of the vibration type vacuum pulsation drying device for the granular materials of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the process of center of gravity change during the drying process using a vibrating vacuum pulsating drying apparatus for granular materials according to the present invention;
the reference signs are:
1-control box, 2-drying chamber, 3-material rack, 4-cam, 5-bearing, 6-vacuum solenoid valve, 7-catcher, 8-vacuum pump, 9-condensation water tower, 10-pressure sensor, 11-supporting spring, 12-vibration fan, 13-supporting base, 14-heating plate, 15-material tray, 16-air inlet pipe, 17-air inlet valve, 18-litchi, 19 touch screen, 20-fruit handle, 21-gravity center, 22-fruit pulp, 23-shell and 24-vibration shaft.
Detailed Description
The following description will further describe embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a vibrating type vacuum pulsation drying device, which is used for drying processing of berry type materials such as litchis and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the vibrating type vacuum pulsation drying device of the present invention includes a vacuum system, a vibration system, a heating system and a control system. Wherein,
the vacuum system comprises a drying chamber 2, a catcher 7, a vacuum pump 8 and a condensation water tower 9;
one end of the drying chamber 2 is communicated with the catcher 7 through a pipeline, and a vacuum control valve 6 is further arranged on the pipeline between the drying chamber 2 and the catcher 7;
the trap 7 is used for condensing and collecting evaporated water vapor;
one end of the vacuum pump 8 is communicated with the catcher 7 through a pipeline, and the other end of the vacuum pump is connected with the condensation water tower 9;
preferably, the vacuum pump 8 is a water ring vacuum pump;
preferably, the temperature of the water in the condensation water tower 9 is 15-40 ℃.
As shown in fig. 2, the vibration system includes a rack 3, a cam 4, a bearing 5, a support spring 11, a vibration fan 12, a support base 13, an air inlet duct 16 and a vibration shaft 24;
the supporting springs 11 are positioned at the bottom end of one side of the material rack 3 in a bilateral symmetry manner;
the bearing 5 is positioned in the middle of the other side of the material rack 3, and the vibration shaft 24 is connected to the bearing;
the vibration shaft 24 is fixedly connected with a cam 4 and a vibration fan 12 in sequence;
the support base 13 supports a vibration shaft 24 through the cam 4, so that the material rack 3 can be supported;
under the driving of the vibrating fan 12, the vibrating shaft 24 can rotate along the bearing 5, so as to drive the cam 4 to slide on the supporting base 13, and because the cam 4 is elliptical and has different major and minor axes, the stack 3 can continuously vibrate under the rotation of the vibrating fan.
As shown in fig. 1, the heating system includes a heating plate 14 and a tray 15;
the heating plate 14 is distributed and arranged in a plurality in layers along the vertical direction,
preferably, the distance between the two heating plates 14 is 30-70 mm;
the charging tray 15 is positioned on the heating plate 14, and the litchis 18 are tiled on the charging tray 15 in a single layer.
As shown in fig. 1, the control system comprises a control box 1, a touch screen 19, a pressure sensor 10 and a main control unit;
the pressure sensor 10 is communicated with the drying chamber 2;
the main control part is a singlechip input/output module and is respectively and electrically connected with the air inlet valve 17, the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6, the vacuum pump 8 and the touch screen 19;
preferably, a power switch is further arranged on the main control unit;
preferably, the main control unit is also electrically connected to the heating plate 14.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the change of the center of gravity of the litchi 18 in the drying process of the vibrating vacuum pulsating device of the invention:
when the litchi is dried, the pulp 22 is tightly attached to the shell 23, the pulp 22 is connected with the shell 23 through the fruit handle 20, and the center of gravity 21 of the fresh litchi is at the center;
as the drying process progresses, the moisture in the pulp 22 gradually loses, the pulp 22 gradually shrinks, and the center of gravity 21 gradually shifts to the fruit stem, at this time, the gap exists between the pulp 22 and the shell 23, which is not favorable for the inward heat transfer, but the shrunk pulp 22 is still connected with the shell 23 through the fruit stem 20;
the heating plate 14 vibrates slightly, the fruit handle 20 is tightly attached to the heating plate 14 under the action of the offset gravity center 21, and heat is directly transferred to the inner pulp 22 through the fruit handle 20, so that the heat transfer efficiency is improved, and the drying speed is increased. The invention relates to a drying method of a vibrating vacuum pulsation litchi drying device, which comprises the following steps:
a) cleaning the litchis 18 with stem and leaf impurities removed, putting the litchis 18 into a material tray 15, and putting the litchis into a drying chamber 2;
b) a starting device for respectively setting the absolute vacuum degree range of the drying chamber 2, the temperature of the heating plate 14, the pulsation ratio and the continuous drying time;
preferably, the absolute vacuum degree range of the drying chamber 2 is 0-6 kPa, the temperature of the heating plate 17 is 40-80 ℃, the pulsation ratio is the ratio of the time of the drying chamber 2 in the normal pressure state to the time of the vacuum state, the ratio is 1/2-1/5, the continuous drying time is 12-20 hours, and the normal pressure state is the local actual atmospheric pressure;
c) according to the set time, carrying out vacuum pulse drying and heating on the litchi 18;
in a vacuum state of a drying process, the main control component controls the air inlet valve 17 to be closed and controls the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 to be opened according to a pressure value provided by the pressure sensor 10, the vacuum pump 8 is started to vacuumize, air in the drying chamber 2 is pumped out by the vacuum pump 8 through the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 and the catcher 7, and when the vacuum degree in the drying chamber 2 reaches a set vacuum degree range, vacuumizing is stopped, and the set vacuum degree is maintained;
in the normal pressure state of the drying process, the main control part controls the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 and the vacuum pump 8 to be closed according to the pressure value provided by the pressure sensor 10, and simultaneously controls the air inlet valve 17 to be opened, so that under the action of the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the drying chamber 2, the outside air enters the drying chamber 2 through the air inlet pipeline 16 and impacts the vibration fan 12 to drive the vibration shaft 24 and the cam 4 to rotate, and under the interaction of the cam 4 and the supporting base 13, the material rack 3 is driven to vibrate up and down;
the main control part controls the ratio of the vacuum state time to the normal pressure state time in the drying process according to the set pulsation ratio;
in the heating process, the main control part regulates and controls the starting and the stopping of the heating plate 14 according to the set drying temperature, and when the temperature of the heating plate 14 is lower than the set temperature range, the heating is started; when the temperature of the heating plate 14 is higher than the set temperature range, the heating is stopped;
preferably, during heating of the litchi 18, the evaporated water vapour is condensed in the trap 7.
d) And (4) ending heating, closing the main control part, opening the drying chamber 2 and taking out the litchis 18.
The method of the present invention for vibratory vacuum impulse drying of litchi is described in further detail below with reference to the following preferred examples. Preferred embodiment 1
a) Cleaning the litchis 18 with stem and leaf impurities removed, putting the litchis 18 into a material tray 15, and putting the litchis into a drying chamber 2;
b) a starting device for respectively setting the absolute vacuum degree range of the drying chamber 2, the temperature of the heating plate 14, the pulsation ratio and the continuous drying time;
wherein the absolute vacuum degree range of the drying chamber 2 is 0-6 kPa, the temperature of the heating plate 14 is 70 ℃, the pulsation ratio is the ratio of the time of the normal pressure state to the time of the vacuum state of the drying chamber 2, the ratio is 4/15, the continuous drying time is 18 hours, and the normal pressure state is the actual local atmospheric pressure;
c) according to the set time, carrying out vibration type vacuum pulsation drying and heating on the litchi 18;
in a vacuum state of a drying process, the main control component controls the air inlet valve 17 to be closed and controls the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 to be opened according to a pressure value provided by the pressure sensor 10, the vacuum pump 8 is started to start vacuumizing, air in the drying chamber 2 is pumped out by the vacuum pump 8 through the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 and the catcher 7, and when the vacuum degree in the drying chamber 2 reaches a set vacuum degree range, vacuumizing is stopped, and the set vacuum degree is maintained;
in the normal pressure state of the drying process, the main control part controls the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 and the vacuum pump 8 to be closed according to the pressure value provided by the pressure sensor 10, and simultaneously controls the air inlet valve 17 to be opened, so that under the action of the internal pressure and the external pressure of the drying chamber 2, the external air enters the drying chamber 2 through the air inlet pipeline 16 and impacts the vibration fan 12 to drive the vibration shaft 24 and the cam 4 to rotate, and under the interaction of the cam 4 and the supporting base 13, the material rack 3 is driven to vibrate up and down;
the main control part controls the ratio of the vacuum state time to the normal pressure state time in the drying process according to the set pulsation ratio;
in the heating process, the main control part regulates and controls the starting and the stopping of the heating plate 14 according to the set drying temperature, and when the temperature of the heating plate 14 is lower than the set temperature range, the heating is started; when the temperature of the heating plate 14 is higher than the set temperature range, the heating is stopped;
wherein, in the litchi processing and heating process, the evaporated water vapor is condensed in the catcher 7.
d) And (4) ending heating, closing the main control part, opening the drying chamber 2 and taking out the litchis 18. Preferred embodiment 2 (setting of heating temperature, different pulsation ratio, and the remainder of example 1)
a) Cleaning the litchis 18 with stem and leaf impurities removed, putting the litchis 18 into a material tray 15, and putting the litchis into a drying chamber 2;
b) starting the vibration type vacuum pulsation drying device, and setting the absolute vacuum degree range of the drying chamber 1, the temperature of the heating plate 14, the pulsation ratio and the continuous drying time;
wherein the absolute vacuum degree range of the drying chamber 2 is 0-6 kPa, the temperature of the heating plate 14 is 60 ℃, the pulsation ratio is the ratio of the time of the normal pressure state to the time of the vacuum state of the drying chamber 2, the ratio is 8/15, the continuous drying time is 22 hours, and the normal pressure state is the local actual atmospheric pressure;
c) according to the set time, carrying out vibration type vacuum pulsation drying and heating on the litchi 18;
in a vacuum state of a drying process, the main control component controls the air inlet valve 17 to be closed and controls the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 to be opened according to a pressure value provided by the pressure sensor 10, the vacuum pump 8 is started to start vacuumizing, air in the drying chamber 2 is pumped out by the vacuum pump 8 through the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 and the catcher 7, and when the vacuum degree in the drying chamber 2 reaches a set vacuum degree range, vacuumizing is stopped, and the set vacuum degree is maintained;
in the normal pressure state of the drying process, the main control part controls the vacuum electromagnetic valve 6 and the vacuum pump 8 to be closed according to the pressure value provided by the pressure sensor 10, and simultaneously controls the air inlet valve 17 to be opened, so that under the action of the internal pressure and the external pressure of the drying chamber 2, the external air enters the drying chamber 2 through the air inlet pipeline 16 and impacts the vibration fan 12 to drive the vibration shaft 24 and the cam 4 to rotate, and under the interaction of the cam 4 and the supporting base 13, the material rack 3 is driven to vibrate up and down;
the main control part controls the ratio of the vacuum state time to the normal pressure state time in the drying process according to the set pulsation ratio;
in the heating process, the main control part regulates and controls the starting and the stopping of the heating plate 14 according to the set drying temperature, and when the temperature of the heating plate 14 is lower than the set temperature range, the heating is started; when the temperature of the heating plate 14 is higher than the set temperature range, the heating is stopped;
wherein, in the litchi processing and heating process, the evaporated water vapor is condensed in the catcher 7.
d) And (4) ending heating, closing the main control part, opening the drying chamber 2 and taking out the litchis 18.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Claims (10)
1. A vibration type vacuum pulsation drying device for granular materials comprises a vacuum system, a vibration system, a heating system and a control system, and is characterized in that,
the vacuum system comprises a drying chamber (2), a catcher (7), a vacuum pump (8) and a condensation water tower (9),
one end of the drying chamber (2) is communicated with the catcher (7),
one end of the vacuum pump (8) is communicated with the catcher (7), and the other end of the vacuum pump is connected with the condensation water tower (9);
the vibration system comprises a material rack (3), a cam (4), a vibration fan (12), a supporting base (13), an air inlet pipeline (16) and a vibration shaft (24),
the cam (4) and the vibrating fan (12) are fixedly connected to the vibrating shaft (24),
the support base (13) supports the vibration shaft (24) through the cam (4),
under the drive of the vibrating fan (12), the vibrating shaft (24) rotates to drive the cam (4) to slide on the supporting base (13);
the heating system comprises a heating plate (14) and a material tray (15);
the control system comprises a pressure sensor (10) and a main control unit,
the pressure sensor (10) is communicated with the drying chamber (2),
the main control unit is electrically connected with the air inlet valve (17), the vacuum electromagnetic valve (6) and the vacuum pump (8).
2. The vibrating vacuum pulsating drying device of claim 1,
the vacuum control valve (6) is arranged on a pipeline between the drying chamber (2) and the catcher (7).
3. A vibrating vacuum impulse drying device according to claim 1, characterized in, that said vacuum pump (8) is a water ring vacuum pump.
4. A vibrating vacuum pulsating drying device according to claim 1, wherein the water temperature in said condensation water tower (9) is 15-40 ℃.
5. A vibrating vacuum impulse drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that said heating plates (14) are arranged in a plurality of layers along the vertical direction, and the distance between two heating plates (14) is 30-70 mm.
6. A vibrating vacuum impulse drying device according to claim 5, characterized in, that said trays (15) are located on said heating plate (14), said trays (15) being tiled with litchi (18) in a single layer.
7. A method for drying in a vibrating vacuum impulse drying device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
a) cleaning litchi (18) with stem and leaf impurities removed, putting the litchi into a material tray (15), and putting the litchi into a drying chamber (2);
b) setting the absolute vacuum degree range of the drying chamber (2), the temperature of the heating plate (14), the pulsation ratio and the continuous drying time respectively;
wherein the absolute vacuum degree range of the drying chamber (2) is 0-6 kPa, the temperature of the heating plate (17) is 40-80 ℃, the pulsation ratio is the ratio of the time of the drying chamber (2) in the normal pressure state to the time of the vacuum state, the ratio is 1/2-1/5, the continuous drying time is 12-20 hours, and the normal pressure state is the local actual atmospheric pressure;
c) according to the set time, the litchi (18) is dried and heated in a vacuum pulsation mode;
in a vacuum state of a drying process, a main control component controls an air inlet valve (17) to be closed and controls a vacuum electromagnetic valve (6) to be opened according to a pressure value provided by a pressure sensor (10), a vacuum pump (8) is started to vacuumize, air in a drying chamber (2) is pumped out by the vacuum pump (8) through the vacuum electromagnetic valve (6) and a catcher (7), and when the vacuum degree in the drying chamber (2) reaches a set vacuum degree range, vacuumizing is stopped, and the set vacuum degree is maintained;
in the normal pressure state of the drying process, the main control part controls the vacuum electromagnetic valve (6) and the vacuum pump (8) to be closed according to the pressure value provided by the pressure sensor (10), and simultaneously controls the air inlet valve (17) to be opened, so that the outside air enters the drying chamber (2) through the air inlet pipeline (16) under the action of the internal and external pressure difference of the drying chamber (2), and impacts the vibration fan (12) to drive the vibration shaft (24) and the cam (4) to rotate, and the material rack (3) is driven to vibrate up and down under the interaction of the cam (4) and the supporting base (13);
the main control part controls the ratio of the vacuum state time to the normal pressure state time in the drying process according to the set pulsation ratio;
in the heating process, the main control part regulates and controls the starting and the stopping of the heating plate (14) according to the set drying temperature, and when the temperature of the heating plate (14) is lower than the set temperature range, the heating is started; when the temperature of the heating plate (14) is higher than the set temperature range, the heating is stopped;
d) and (4) ending heating, closing the main control part, opening the drying chamber (2), and taking out the litchis (18).
8. The drying method according to claim 7, wherein in the step b), the absolute vacuum degree of the drying chamber (2) is in the range of 0 to 6kPa, the temperature of the heating plate (14) is 70 ℃, the pulsation ratio is the ratio of the time of the drying chamber (2) in the normal pressure state to the time of the vacuum state, the ratio is 4/15, and the continuous drying time is 18 hours.
9. The drying method according to claim 8, wherein in the step b), the absolute vacuum degree of the drying chamber (2) is in the range of 0 to 6kPa, the temperature of the heating plate (14) is 60 ℃, the pulsation ratio is the ratio of the time of the drying chamber (2) in the normal pressure state to the time of the vacuum state, the ratio is 8/15, and the continuous drying time is 22 hours.
10. Drying method according to claim 9, characterised in that during the heating of the litchi (18) evaporated water vapour is condensed in the trap (7).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111937953A (en) * | 2020-07-19 | 2020-11-17 | 北京工商大学 | Combined drying method of mulberries |
| CN114034174A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-11 | 北京工商大学 | Stirring type vacuum pulsation drying device and drying method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111937953A (en) * | 2020-07-19 | 2020-11-17 | 北京工商大学 | Combined drying method of mulberries |
| CN114034174A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-11 | 北京工商大学 | Stirring type vacuum pulsation drying device and drying method |
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