CN109816207A

CN109816207A - A kind of irrigated area water saving potential measuring method and device based on big data

Info

Publication number: CN109816207A
Application number: CN201811603442.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尚毅梓; 冶运涛; 张金良; 蒋云钟; 梁犁丽; 龚家国; 张远生; 杨立彬; 陈豪; 李德伟
Original assignee: China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
Current assignee: China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
Priority date: 2018-12-26
Filing date: 2018-12-26
Publication date: 2019-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-26
Also published as: CN109816207B

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of irrigated area water saving potential measuring method and device based on big data; the method not only considers the saving of water resource; it can also guarantee the balance in irrigated area and irrigated area surrounding area ecological environment; it preserves the ecological environment and species diversity, maintains original hydrologic cycle in irrigated area and periphery etc..By choosing dominant species as mark on irrigated area periphery, while carrying out agriculture irrigation water saving development to irrigated area, according to the growing state of irrigated area periphery dominant species, it determines and whether rationally to assess the water-savin g technical mode (irrigate parameter) implemented in irrigated area, whether ecosystem balance and the species diversity etc. on periphery are destroyed, can effectively avoid in this way because excessively it is water-saving caused by the ecological balance of irrigated area and surrounding area destruction and to the influence of species diversity, it realizes irrigated area and carries out the evidence-based of water-savin g technical mode, thus reasonable Water-saving agricultural technology and management mode are chosen, it realizes and preferably promotes local economic development and protecting ecology balance.

Description

A kind of irrigated area water saving potential measuring method and device based on big data

Technical field

The present invention relates to field of agricultural irrigation, specially a kind of irrigated area water saving potential measuring method and dress based on big data It sets.

Background technique

Agricultural water conservation all plays an important role in balance of preserving the ecological environment, species diversity etc., China's agricultural section Aqueous mode and water-saving technology are changed into tractability by the extensive Irrigation such as initial broad irrigation and irrigate.Especially found the state with Afterwards, the variation of the idea of the development and change of China's agricultural water conservation, national harnessing water idea and water resources rational use, in addition government Policy guide, the construction and macro adjustments and controls of large hydraulic engineering, the huge promotion developed to agricultural irrigation mode and technology makees With by initial broad irrigation, to the realization of the fine irrigation techniques such as sprinkling irrigation, slight irrigation, trickle irrigation, infiltrating irrigation, trace filling.

The Northwest mainly includes the Yellow River basin and inland in Xinjiang, Ningxia, northwestern Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Gansu, Shaanxi River valley, about 3,740,000 sq-km of the gross area largely belong to arid, semiarid zone, and arid area is without agricultural without irrigating Situations such as, field irrigation technology falls behind, and most area uses the irrigation method of broad irrigation, and arid region of Northwest China has very big section Water potentiality.The Northwest is all of great significance to China's food supply, ecological environmental protection etc., reinforces to arid region of Northwest China Agricultural irrigation improvement can bring huge economic benefit and ecological environment benefit.Water resources governance of the country to the Northwest Measure and policy include building hydraulic engineering measure energetically, carry out project of South-to-North water diversion etc., and agricultural section is carried out in arid region of Northwest China Water measure is urgent and necessary.

Arid region of Northwest China agriculture irrigation water saving technology is irrigated from initial broad irrigation to tractabilities such as sprinkling irrigation, slight irrigation, trickle irrigations Technical change, and engineering measure such as Canal Seepage Control Project and low pressure water conveyance pipeline technology are taken, while taking interplanting, liquid manure The Agricultural Water Savings technology such as coupling and chemical regulation, brings very big benefit to the Northwest's agricultural water conservation.Take these measures with Afterwards, the agricultural production of the Northwest and social economy bring huge income, and water-saving technology makes great progress, water resource Utilization efficiency is greatly improved.

However, although carrying out agriculture irrigation water saving technology in arid region of Northwest China ensure that plant growth institute water requirement, Ke Yiti High grain yield, but influence is produced on the irrigated area periphery ecosystem, cause rainfall to reduce, bio-diversity is reduced, soil Ground faces desertification, destroys the significant problems such as irrigated area periphery ecosystem balance, it is therefore desirable in research agriculture irrigation water saving While technology, how also to study by reasonable water-saving irrigation technique and way to manage, realization can improve farming produce The problems such as measuring, saving water resource, and can protect the ecosystem balance on irrigated area and periphery protects species diversity.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above problems, it proposes the embodiment of the present application and overcomes the above problem or at least partly in order to provide one kind The irrigated area water saving potential measuring method and device based on big data to solve the above problems.

To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention discloses a kind of irrigated area water saving potential measuring method based on big data, institute The method of stating includes:

The integrality of the ecosystem on the irrigated area periphery is investigated, and determines the key for influencing the ecosystem integrity Group；

According to the importance value of each species in the crucial group, dominant species are determined；

According to the growth conditions of the dominant species, the irrigation parameter in the irrigated area is determined；

According to the irrigation parameter in the irrigated area, the composite target, engineered of the irrigated area water saving potential assessment is determined Property index, irrigated areas administration index, economic benefits indicator, ecological environment class index.

Optionally, the step of determining crucial group for influencing the ecosystem integrity, comprising:

Using association analysis method, the crucial group for influencing the ecosystem integrity is determined.

Optionally, the importance value according to each species in the crucial group, the step of determining dominant species include:

The importance value of each species in the crucial group: importance value=(relative density+opposite is calculated according to following formula Highly+relative coverage+relative frequency/4)；

The highest species of the importance value are determined as the dominant species.

Optionally, the growth conditions according to the dominant species, the step of determining the irrigation parameter in the irrigated area, packet It includes:

It is handled using growth conditions of the water circulation model to the dominant species, determines the irrigation ginseng in the irrigated area Number, wherein the growth conditions comprises at least one of the following: level of ground water, water salt and hydro-thermal index, the irrigation parameter include Following at least one: irrigated area, irrigation water capacity.

Optionally, the composite target includes that ensurance probability of irrigation water, irrigated area reach rate and irrigation water interest rate；

Wherein ensurance probability of irrigation water refers to that Irrigation Water reaches the probability of people's demand；

Irrigated area reaches rate and calculates according to following formula: (irrigated area actually reaches irrigated area/improvement and design and irrigates face Product) * 100%；

Irrigation water interest rate is calculated according to following formula: (irrigating net irrigation water total amount/irrigated area hair irrigation water total amount) * 100%.

Optionally, the irrigated areas administration index includes that mechanism setting rate is managed in irrigated area, number fulfilling rate, agriculture are managed in irrigated area Village's water consumer union coverage rate and collection rate of water fee are calculated according to following formula respectively:

Manage mechanism setting rate=(managing mechanism on-hand quantity/planning setting quantity) * 100% in irrigated area；

Manage number fulfilling rate in irrigated area=(manage personnel and appraise and decide number in irrigated area/existing manage number) * 100%；

Rural water family association coverage rate=(irrigated area/Irrigation Project Design area ratio of rural water family association management Value) * 100%；

Collection rate of water fee=(the paid water rate/Nian Yingshou water rate in irrigated area year) * 100%.

Optionally, the ecological environment class index includes irrigated area surface water resources utilization rate, Groundwater in Irrigation Area resource Utilization rate, irrigated area underground drainage standard reach rate and salinization of soil prevention and treatment compliance rate, calculate respectively according to following formula:

Irrigated area surface water resources utilization rate=(irrigated area year surface water resources development and utilization amount/irrigated area year surface water money Source total amount) * 100%；

Groundwater in Irrigation Area resources development and utilization rate=(irrigated area year groundwater resources utilization/irrigated area year groundwater resources can Utilization) * 100%；

Irrigated area water drainage standard reaches rate=(area/irrigated area design water drainage area that irrigated area actually reaches water drainage standard) * 100%；

Irrigated area underground drainage standard reaches rate=(area/irrigated area design drainage area that irrigated area actually reaches underground drainage standard) * 100%；

Salinization of soil prevents and treats compliance rate=(the practical prevention and treatment salinization of soil in irrigated area area up to standard/irrigated area design prevention and treatment salinization of soil face Product) * 100%.

To solve the above-mentioned problems, the irrigated area water saving potential measurement device based on big data that the invention also discloses a kind of, Described device includes:

System investigation module is configured as investigating the integrality of the ecosystem on the irrigated area periphery, and determines influence institute State the crucial group of ecosystem integrity；

Species identification module is configured as determining dominant species according to the importance value of each species in the crucial group；

Parameter determination module is irrigated, the growth conditions according to the dominant species is configured as, determines the filling in the irrigated area Irrigate parameter；

Metrics evaluation module is configured as the irrigation parameter according to the irrigated area, determines the irrigated area water saving potential assessment Composite target, engineered property index, irrigated areas administration index, economic benefits indicator, ecological environment class index.

Optionally, the system investigation module is additionally configured to using association analysis method, and determining influences the ecosystem The crucial group for integrality of uniting.

Optionally, the species identification module is also configured to

Optionally, the irrigation parameter determination module is also configured to using water circulation model to the dominant species Growth conditions is handled, and determines the irrigation parameter in the irrigated area, wherein the growth conditions comprises at least one of the following: underground Water level, water salt and hydro-thermal index, the irrigation parameter comprise at least one of the following: irrigated area, irrigation water capacity.

Compared with the background art, the embodiment of the present application has the advantage that

In the embodiment of the present application, the saving of water resource is not only considered, it can also be ensured that irrigated area and irrigated area surrounding area are raw The balance of state environment, preserves the ecological environment and species diversity, maintains original hydrologic cycle in irrigated area and periphery etc..By Dominant species are chosen as mark, while carrying out agriculture irrigation water saving development to irrigated area, according to irrigated area periphery in irrigated area periphery Whether rationally the growing state of dominant species, determination simultaneously assess the water-savin g technical mode (irrigating parameter) implemented in irrigated area, if Destroy ecosystem balance and the species diversity etc. on periphery, can effectively avoid in this way because excessively it is water-saving caused by irrigated area and The destruction of the ecological balance of surrounding area and influence to species diversity realize irrigated area and carry out having for water-savin g technical mode According to can be according to, thus choose reasonable agriculture irrigation water saving technology and management mode, realize preferably promote local economic development and Protecting ecology balance.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below by institute in the description to the embodiment of the present invention Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings Obtain other attached drawings.

Fig. 1 is a kind of step flow chart of the irrigated area water saving potential measuring method based on big data of the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is a kind of step flow chart of determining dominant species of the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is a kind of structural block diagram of the irrigated area water saving potential measurement device based on big data of the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is a kind of irrigated area water circulation schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.

Carry out action of economizing on water extensively according to the provisions of the relevant regulations issued by the State and the detailed policy policy of government, national every profession and trade, such as Regulate and control water price, urbanite water consumption and commercial water stage fee system etc., the whole people are water-saving to be had been achieved with obvious achievement and bring huge Big benefit.As social progress develops, the development process of agricultural water conservation is increasingly paid close attention in the whole world, and agricultural water conservation can protected Bigger Its Eco-economic Benefit is brought while demonstrate,proving yield, several agricultural water conservation methods are briefly described below.

Water-saving agricultural technology includes sprinkling irrigation, slight irrigation, trickle irrigation, infiltrating irrigation, trace filling etc., different geographical and difference in China Ecological environment under, can be real in the case where guaranteeing the nondecreasing situation of crop yield using suitable Irrigation and irrigation technique The consumption for now reducing a large amount of water resource improves the utilization rate of water resource, protects ecological environment, prevents desertification etc..

Engineering teaching technology includes channel seepage technique, low pressure water conveyance pipeline technology etc..The main side of channel seepage technique Method includes the antiseepage of tabia mask, earth material compacting is anti-blends building stones lining cutting antiseepage etc..It can be big using Anti-seepage Engineering Techniques for Irrigation Canals Amount reduces water resource to underground leakage, prevents saline Land etc., however there are some drawbacks, such as engineering to consume for channel seepage technique Take a large amount of manpower and material resources etc..Low pressure pipeline engineering water delivery technology both may be implemented to prevent the leakage of water resource, additionally it is possible to avoid Complicated canal engineering.

Agricultural Water Saving includes that entropy technique is protected in farming, the technologies such as entropy technique, water-fertilizer coupling technique, chemical regulation, agriculture are protected in covering Water-saving, the realization increasing both production and income of more plus depth may be implemented in skill water-saving technology, improves water resource utilization efficiency etc..

In carrying out the water-saving activity of National Agricultural, arid region of Northwest China agricultural water conservation has very important influence, to northwest drought Area, which carries out effective water-saving agriculture trend, can bring huge economy and ecological benefits, such as protect population diversity, prevention and treatment soil Ground desertification and salinization of soil etc..Potential agricultural water-saving generates important influence to decision regional economy social development, needs From region or the angle of sustainable development of basin entirety, understands fully the water saving potential in region, be just able to achieve regional water resources Distribute the scientific and reasonable management and running with basin water resources rationally.

Currently, while water-saving irrigation technique is carried out in arid region of Northwest China, the only saving and utilization of pursuit water resource simply The raising of rate maintains the normal growth of crop with least water, does not consider that water-saving irrigation technique can the bad shadow of bring It rings, so that having carried out excessive water-saving irrigation technique, the ecosystem balance and bio-diversity to periphery bring very big Adverse effect destroys the local and original ecological environment in periphery.

To solve the above-mentioned problems, one embodiment of the application provides a kind of irrigated area water saving potential measurement based on big data Method, referring to Fig.1, this method comprises:

Step 101: the integrality of the ecosystem on investigation irrigated area periphery, and determine the key for influencing ecosystem integrity Group.

Specifically, the integrality for investigating the ecosystem on irrigated area periphery, referring to Fig. 4, including to surface water, vegetation, underground This circular biological system of water, soil and atmosphere is investigated.Corresponding different piece collects corresponding data, as the hydrology can lead to It crosses for example related observation unit door of relevant department or meteorological department obtains, vegetation count to the related data of moonscope It arrives, soil environment can start with from soil constant and micro composition, be reached by the status and soil environment of analyzing soil environment What obtained to degree, atmosphere includes the direction of motion for analyzing atmosphere, the propagation in atmosphere direction of Various Seasonal, for Various Seasonal It impacts.

In order to determine that crucial group can first classify to group, community classification is mainly from weather conditions, soil types And vegetation etc. is started with, the Natural Types formed under the influence of these factors are Natural Community, including phytobiocoenose and Animal community.In the present embodiment, it is contemplated that not replaceability, status, effect and its static state of the phytobiocoenose in the ecosystem Characteristic chooses phytobiocoenose as the crucial group for influencing ecosystem integrity.

Step 102: according to the importance value of each species in crucial group, determining dominant species.

Specifically, the feature of each species in crucial group can be extracted first, and feature extraction can be from multiple and different angles Such as centre coordinate, that is, longitude and latitude, locating height above sea level locating for group's soil characteristic, the locality, condition types on the spot are surveyed P in soil H value and total salt quantity etc. is measured to carry out.In terms of planting vegetation characteristics, statistical regions interplantation species determine advantage Vegetation, and obtained in conjunction with historical data, the variation tendency of vegetation characteristics.

The importance value that species can be obtained according to the feature of each species, due to importance value size and species advantage degree at Direct ratio, therefore dominant species can be determined according to importance value.Dominant species can be one or more.In addition, dominant species are known It can not start with from related text data, related biological expert's guidance can also be seeked advice from, had to the obvious feature of different plant species Correlation understands, convenient to identify to dominant species.

Wherein, importance value can be calculated according to relative aboundance, relative altitude, relative coverage and relative frequency, may be used also To be calculated according to the rare degree of species, that is, dominant species also may include rareness species.

Step 103: according to the growth conditions of dominant species, determining the irrigation parameter in irrigated area.

Specifically, for example, can according to dominant species water salt, in terms of demand, determine irrigated area irrigation ginseng Number.

For Hydrology is started with from irrigated area first in terms of hydro-thermal, the related parameter in for many years irrigated area is counted, to weather Parameter and Hydrologic Series carry out correlation analysis, make a concrete analysis of natural annual runoff trend, comprehensive irrigated area evaporation capacity, temperature and precipitation Amount.Then analysis irrigated area vegetation influences caused by it.From precipitation over the years and average annual normalized differential vegetation index can to its into Row analysis, the number variation of vegetation index is summarized in face from here, grasps the variation tendency of vegetation.Analyze temperature and average annual normalization Vegetation index, temperature growth is the main reason for causing vegetation to increase.Analyze the relationship between vegetation growing period and temperature, temperature Growth causes its growth period to extend, the also covert growth for causing vegetation.Hydro-thermal variation is analyzed to Vegetation abundance (average annual unified plant By index) it influences, according to its abundance and average annual temperature, precipitation, the corresponding relationship of irrigation quantity show that the parameter of abundance increases year by year There is close relationship with vegetation.

It is formulated for the target system in terms of water salt, should include four general frames, including irrigated area salt content, fill Four area underground, Water Resources Irrigation amount, river waterr resources amount bulks.

It is comprehensively analyzed for the two aspects using frequency statistics method, theoretical analysis, Experts consultation method.First It is frequency statistics part, some data parameters of comprehensive survey carry out numerical analysis.Theoretical analysis part later, by above Data information content combination actual characteristic, obtains representative important development characteristic index.Finally in the finger of relevant expert It leads down, related adjustment is made to the Index Content counted before, finally obtains its evaluation index.

Step 104: according to the irrigation parameter in irrigated area, determining the composite target, engineered of irrigated area water saving potential assessment Property index, irrigated areas administration index, economic benefits indicator, ecological environment class index.

The implementation of the water-saving assessment in irrigated area can not only guarantee that the safety of Irrigation Project is implemented, but also be the economic effect in area Benefit provides sound assurance.It includes following sections: composite target, engineered property index, irrigated areas administration index, warp Ji performance indicator, this 5 parts of ecological environment class index.Composite target reaction is irrigated area integral device with the use of effect Fruit.Engineered property index key reaction is that differently how condition selects for different regions.The main body of economic benefits indicator The front and back comparison of existing water-saving front and back yield and benefit.Ecological environment class index is embodied in the improvement feelings of transformation front and back ecological environment Condition, from the protection of water resource to the improvement of saline and alkaline degree.

Wherein, composite target includes that ensurance probability of irrigation water, irrigated area reach rate and irrigation water interest rate；

Irrigated areas administration index includes that mechanism setting rate is managed in irrigated area, number fulfilling rate is managed in irrigated area, rural water family association Meeting coverage rate and collection rate of water fee are calculated according to following formula respectively:

Ecological environment class index include irrigated area surface water resources utilization rate, Groundwater in Irrigation Area resources development and utilization rate, Irrigated area underground drainage standard reaches rate and salinization of soil prevention and treatment compliance rate, calculates respectively according to following formula:

A kind of irrigated area water saving potential measuring method based on big data is present embodiments provided, not only considers the section of water resource About, it can also be ensured that the balance of irrigated area and irrigated area surrounding area ecological environment is preserved the ecological environment and species diversity, is kept Irrigated area and periphery original hydrologic cycle etc..By choosing dominant species as mark on irrigated area periphery, carried out to irrigated area While agriculture irrigation water saving develops, according to the growing state of irrigated area periphery dominant species, determines and assess in irrigated area execution Rationally whether water-savin g technical mode (irrigating parameter), if ecosystem balance and the species diversity on periphery etc. are destroyed, this Sample can effectively avoid because excessively it is water-saving caused by the ecological balance of irrigated area and surrounding area destruction and to species diversity Influence, realize irrigated area carry out water-savin g technical mode it is evidence-based, thus choose reasonable agriculture irrigation water saving technology and Management mode is realized and preferably promotes local economic development and protecting ecology balance.

In a kind of implementation, above-mentioned steps 101 be can specifically include:

Using association analysis method, the crucial group for influencing ecosystem integrity is determined.

The ecosystem is made of biological moieties and non-biological moieties.Wherein plant belongs to the producer in the ecosystem, moves Object belongs to consumer.The two is all the important component of the ecosystem.It not only plays the survival and development of the mankind important Effect, while also creating colourful the Nature.Wild animals and plants not only have important economy, science, ecology, culture And the value of aesthetics etc., also greatly enrich the culture life of the mankind.

The crucial group of our selections of the present embodiment is phytobiocoenose.

Plant is critically important component part in the ecosystem, is distributed widely in land, river, lake and ocean, he Using photosynthesis absorbing carbon dioxide and release oxygen, generate organic substance, be a ring important in food chain；Plant Transpiration is a part of earth water circulation；Also have simultaneously and check winds and fix drifting sand, reduces rainwash, noise abatement, the effects of laying the dust. It can be seen that the ecosystem of the plant in biosphere, substance circulation and the status in key in energy flow.

Plant plays indispensable role in we live, and mainly by the following aspects: plant is nature In primary producer, i.e. primary producer；Plant plays not replaceable in the balance for maintaining nature substance circulation Effect；Plant in climate comfort and water and soil conservation, and decontamination of biological circle atmosphere and in terms of have it is of crucial importance Effect；Plant provides inhabiting of depending on for existence for other biological on the earth；Plant is natural gene pool；Plant is development The important physical resources of national economy.

Plant is first producer in nature.Carbon dioxide conversion is carbon hydrate by photosynthesis by plant Object, while oxygen is released, energy is stored, it is organic that carbohydrate is further converted to lipid and protein etc. in plant Substance, these organic matters except a part is in addition to maintaining the vital movement of itself and the structure of plant itself, mostly as Bioenergy is stored in all parts of a plant.It is estimated that tellurian plant synthesizes about 2,625,000,000,000 tons of organic matters every year, It is equivalent to the chemical energy of annual 3*10^21 joules of savings, numerical value is very surprising.

Photosynthetic essence is exactly substance conversion and energy conversion, converts organic matter for inorganic matter, and solar energy is turned Chemical energy is turned to, guarantees the food source of human and animal, keeps the relatively stable of carbon dioxide and oxygen content, in addition to this The a little coal in ground, petroleum gas are also mainly formed by the plant remains in period in time immemorial through geology mineralising；It is main in the food of the mankind It is also by plant constitution；The especially Chinese Chinese medicine of human medical, is made of medicinal plant.

It can be seen that plant is the source of all life activity and substance production in the world, that is to say, that plant is nature First producer in boundary.

Plant not only has the function of organic synthesis and its storage, while also having the function of decomposing organic matter, i.e. mine Change effect.By the photosynthesis of plant and the synthesis of mineralization and decomposition, the substance of nature is set to move in circles, and maintain Certain balance.

On the one hand organic matter by the respiration of plant, is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water by mineralization, on the other hand Complicated organic matter is converted simple inorganic matter by decomposition by bacterial fungus etc. to dead organic matter.It is wherein main It is carbon cycle effect and nitrogen cycle effect.

Carbon dioxide in atmosphere maintains opposite balance, in addition to coming from timber, the burning of coal, the breathings of animals and plants it Outside, decomposition of the non-green plant to biological corpse is relied primarily on, with the development of modern industry, the carbon dioxide in industry is in bright Aobvious growth trend, forms so-called " greenhouse effects ".In face of this severe situation, reinforces the protection of plant resources and rationally open Hair utilizes, and actively builds forest cover, expands afforestation rate, carbon dioxide is unbalance to be had a very important significance to avoiding.

Nitrogen accounts for about 79% in an atmosphere, has great importance to vital movement.Plant is by ammoniation, by carbon aquation Object and ammonium salt synthetic proteins matter are closed, protein releases ammonium ion by the decomposition to breathing or to animals and plants；It is thin by nitrifying Nitrification of bacterium etc., enabling the nitrogen in air is that plant absorption is utilized and moved in circles.

The decomposition and synthesis dialectical unity of plant kingdom, move in circles, maintain the balance of the ecosystem, certainly Huge effect is played in right boundary's substance circulation.

Plant to the effect of environmental protection be mainly reflected in it to atmosphere, waters, soil catharsis.The table of plant leaf blade Skin has the adsorbable dust such as epidermal hair, mucus, grease, toxic gas, is enriched with harmful substance.Activities of Some Plants resistance with higher With the ability for absorbing, accumulating pollutant.Plants towards atmospheric pollution has certain catharsis, and regulates the climate, is noise abatement, dust-proof And other effects.

The Soil and water conservation of plant is also particularly significant.Forest can reduce rainwater in the stream husband of earth's surface to the covering on ground It is washed away with to surface soil, protects hillside fields.Implicit water source, prevents water and soil stream husband.The transpiration of forest branches and leaves, is dispersed into steam In atmosphere, steam is re-condensed into rain, has reduced or remitted regional arid.

Since the river speed of industry develops, serious environmental pollution is resulted in, also there is different degrees of harm to plant；Separately Outside, people in order to pursue interests, open up wasteland, haggle and cut down by deforestation, leads to environmental disruption, disruption of ecological balance.Existence and people to biology The production and living of class cause serious shadow noon.

Miscellaneous plant kingdom is richly stored with species resource like a huge natural gene library.Plant into During change, due to being influenced for a long time by different natural environments, different inhereditary features is formd, these gene give people Class leaves valuable wealth.It should be noted, however, that excessive exploitation of the mankind to living resources, environmental pollution, global gas Variation is waited, extensive city of building undoubtedly lost many valuable species resources.Reasonable development, utilization and protection plant Species resource is a problem very important in world today's development.

Plant is the important physical resources of developing national economy.The clothing, food, lodging and transportion -- basic necessities of life of the mankind all be unable to do without plant.In agriculture, Lin Fang Face, cereal crops, fibre crops, fruit, vegetables, medicinal plant etc. both are from plant resources, even animal, and indirectly From plant.In industrial aspect, food industry, pharmaceuticals industry, cosmetics industry, textile industry etc. are also all ceased with plant It is related.

Plant is basis for the survival of mankind, is the physical resources of national economy.

The species resource abundant in China is made that outstanding contribution for the development of Chinese national economy.Rice, wheat Plantation, the utilization and exploitation of medicinal plant are all the proofs of this respect.

Plant resources abundant have many meanings to the survival and development of the mankind.Therefore, reinforce China to provide existing plant The protection in source, and rationally utilized, this can hold maintenance Grain in China and ecological safety, promotion agricultural and rural economy society Supervention exhibition, building a New Socialist Countryside are of great significance.

This investigation coverage area is big, involves a wide range of knowledge, and plant is static for animal during the process of the investigation , it is not related to the large variation of population.It is studied so we choose plant in this investigation as crucial group.

The present embodiment uses a kind of association analysis method of phytobiocoenose, such as nutrient between wetland reed and soil Grey correlation analysis.This method can find crucial phytobiocoenose, it was demonstrated that the ups and downs of this group are concerning regional life The integrality of state chain.Extract the features such as this group's plant growth and irrigated area hydro-thermal, water salt, can flux expression group's prosperity with The flux equilibrium relationship of these three elements.

The principle of classification of group includes seven: physiognomic classification of community pressed, is classified by structure of community, is classified by Floristic Components, Classify by plant dominance, classify by ecological characteristic, classifies by the succession of community, by physiognomy --- ecological classification, Mei Gefen Content corresponding to class principle and representative plant.

The dynamic significance of phytobiocoenose includes the formation of phytobiocoenose, development and variation, succession and evolution.Phytobiocoenose Five features include type composition, quantative attribute, macroscopic features, structure feature and comprehensive characteristics, this five aspects feature is included Content and feature extraction can carry out according to the actual situation.

The harm of the salinization of soil includes osmotic stress, Ion toxicity, nutrient imbalance etc..The salinization of soil problem that the whole world faces It is increasingly serious.

Wetland is the most ecosystem of bio-diversity and a variety of ecological environment functions on the earth, is being regulated the climate, Change flood, purifying water body, protect bio-diversity and maintain local area ecological balance etc. plays other type ecosystems not Alternative effect.Wetlands ecosystems ecological process research has become the hot spot of 21 century world Wetland Science Disciplinary Frontiers Problem, live again state system trophism migration of element, conversion and cyclic process of main sides are studied.Although academia is to wetlands ecosystems Nutrient Cycling process had once carried out many researchs, but had ignored the association study between wetlands ecosystems component, The degree of association research in wetland plant growth course between nutrient uptake and soil nutrient elements content is not paid attention to especially.River Set irrigated area is one of three super-huge irrigated areas in an irrigated area head and the whole nation of Fia, and country and the important quotient of autonomous region Savor grain, oily production base.

Wherein Yellow River wetland is the important sand prevention of maintenance Yellow River basin middle and lower reaches hydro-ecological safety and the motherland north, sand control green The natural barrier of ecology.In recent years, water-saving by irrigated area, the influence of mankind's moving obstacle such as Invasive Alien Species Spartina alterniflora, Primary wetland starts that the trend degenerated is presented, and reed wetland area is gradually reduced, and ecological environment function also gradually weakens.In order to tie up Local area ecological balance is held, guarantees region ecology safety, checks wetland reversal evolvement, plays Wetland Environment function, it is necessary to The relationship between the absorption of irrigated area wetland difference wetland plant nutrient and soil nutrient elements content is studied, primary wetland is grasped Growing process provides the demand rule of soil nutrient elements for the primary wet land protection in irrigated area, degraded wetland ecological recovery Theoretical foundation and key technology are supported.Thus a kind of association analysis method is proposed: nutrient between wetland reed and soil Grey correlation analysis.

Correlation fractal dimension is to be used to plant identification character and mesh based on big data plant library and linkage disequilibrium mapping The method for marking the incidence relation between gene.Wherein big data plant library includes the data such as gene and the picture of plant species, It further include the incidence relation between the plant species under the same growing environment obtained by investigation.

Association analysis in the mankind and animals and plants genetic research using increasingly extensive, new method and its software package constantly gush It is existing.Association analysis method includes unit dot relation analysis, multidigit dot relation analysis, epistasis and multiple characters association analysis method.

The reason of selecting multiple characters association analysis method: association analysis, can be with by the evolutionary history and recombination in group Complicated quantitative character is studied on sequence level, therefore compared with other analysis means, association analysis has following unique Advantage: required time is short, uses natural population as material, does not need specially to construct, and have biggish range of choice, relative to number Amount trait locuses (QTL) at least needs 2 years or more group's body energy saving a large amount of time；Detection range is big, same seat Different genes can be used to while detect, and QTL mapping can only detect 2 allele from parents；Accuracy is high, QTL Map precision generally in 10~30cm or so, can seldom be labeled at the genetic level, and association analysis can reach it is monogenic The anti-evening seasonal febrile diseases gene RI of potato is located in the genomic region of 0.2cm using association analysis method by level, such as Gebhardt In section.In plant correlative study, since its Crossing system and repeat type can obtain artificial effectively control, association Application of the analysis in plant is higher than the attraction in animal.

In a kind of implementation, referring to Fig. 2, above-mentioned steps 102 be can specifically include:

Step 201: according to the importance value of each species in the crucial group of following formula calculating: importance value=(relative density+ Relative altitude+relative coverage+relative frequency/4).

Specifically, according to species specific in crucial group, the species is investigated and belong to which section is which mesh, count its institute The percentage of Zhan Gai group, advantage degree can use this parameter measure of importance value: importance value=(relative density+relatively high Degree+relative coverage+relative frequency/4).

The dominance calculation formula that the calculating of dominance is proposed using Japanese scholars imperial edict field true 1979 in the present embodiment, is being tied On the vegetation character and data data base for closing research area, relative aboundance, relative altitude, relative coverage and relative frequency are carried out It is calculated.Advantage degree is to indicate status and effect of the species in group.

On the basis of field investigation, number of applications ecological approach, from two levels of species and group, to Hetao Irrigation District Vegetation carries out more system, comprehensive research, including relationship etc. between community composition and structure and species diversity and dominant species, Purpose is to analyze the ecological relationship of phytobiocoenose and environment, for the theoretical foundation of irrigated area formulation ecological water saving target science.

Step 202: the highest species of importance value are determined as dominant species.

Since the size and species dominance of importance value are directly proportional, the highest species of importance value can be determined as excellent Gesture species.

Hetao area species dominance or importance value calculate and arrange according to advantage angle value by above-mentioned formula Sequence selects Among Dominant Plant Populations.

By calculating the dominance of various plants, determine that the dominant plant in the irrigated area Ning Meng has reed, Chinese tamarisk, white thorn, precarious Grass, Calamagrostis epigejos, raupo etc.." vegetation and depth to water relationship " is analyzed based on Gauss model, obtains forest, shrubbery, grass The suitable level of ground water of pasture and these four vegetation of marsh is respectively 5.0m, 4.0m, 2.5m and 2.0m.On autoptical basis On, determine the suitable ecological water level section of major part swale vegetation in 1~2m, the suitable life in salt-soda soil, steppe In 2~5m, other xerophytic vegetations and underground water relationship are little in state water level section.Regional vegetation Changes in underground water demand: reed It is the representative vegetation in the irrigated area Ning Meng.Vegetation growth initial stage level of ground water 1.5m, vegetation growth most productive period level of ground water 2.0m, vegetation Grow latter stage level of ground water 2.5m.

By to vegetation investigation, the calculating of plant advantage angle value determines widely distributed, and the powerful reed of vitality is as excellent Gesture species.

In a kind of implementation, above-mentioned steps 103 be can specifically include:

It is handled using growth conditions of the water circulation model to dominant species, the irrigation parameter in irrigated area is determined, wherein giving birth to Elongate member comprises at least one of the following: level of ground water, water salt and hydro-thermal index, irrigates parameter and comprises at least one of the following: irrigating Area, irrigation water capacity.

First irrigated area and periphery species eco-water table suitability are investigated, from access vegetation data and and document note The correlation analysis of load finds that part vegetation such as Stipa glareosa, husky rice, Chinese Incarvilla Herb, Euphorbia esula L, broomrape etc., vegetation is spent not same more Depth to water shows apparent correlativity, illustrates that such vegetation existence needs water not against underground water or only part relies on underground Water.Such as certain raw drought-enduring plants of shallow root only rely on Atmospheric precipitation and the soil water and just can maintain its existence, for another example broomrape is this posts Plant, main parasitic is in the root of the wormwood artemisias class such as oily wormwood artemisia, and the nutrient by drawing host maintains oneself to survive, so its upgrowth situation It is decided by host's growing way.The vegetation for being based on Gauss model respectively is suitable for water level, and the methods of field investigation obtains main vegetation institute Need level of ground water.

Different Irrigation mode to the influence that soil water-stable aggregates are distributed include to harmful salinity into, row, salification amount influence and Draw the influence of ratio to harmful salinity row.The measurement of measurement to soil water-stable aggregates content, crop yield and water consumption, Study of The Underground water Salt hydro-thermal influences plant growth, if few salt or it is salty can be to the influence of plant growth.Then according to the practical feelings in irrigated area Condition determines under different Irrigations to the influence of soil water-stable aggregates, such as irrigation quantity, irrigation frequency, the salinity poured water, underground The buried depth etc. of water.It is proposed a reasonable goal of regulation and control, finally to reach the target of irrigated area vegetation healthy growth.

In order to which water saving potential measuring method provided by the present application is compared to relevant water saving potential measuring method, under Face enumerates the calculation formula of related water saving potential.

Traditional water saving potential calculation formula:

Wherein △ W is traditional water saving potential, M₀Net filling before implementing for Water-saving Irrigation Model By norm, M₁Net filling quota after implementing for Water-saving Irrigation Model, η₀Water efficiency of irrigation before implementing for water saving measures, η₁For Water efficiency of irrigation after water saving measures implementation, A is irrigated area.

Water consumption water saving potential calculation formula (the water saving potential formula of different scale):

△W_Hair=W_Before-W_Afterwards, wherein △ W_HairFor the chaetomers water that water saving measures generate, △ W_Before、△W_AfterwardsRespectively water saving measures Implement the irrigation water capacity of front and back.

△W_Only=△ W_Hair-△W_{It returns}, wherein △ W_OnlyFor the irrigated area water saving potential that water saving measures generate, △ W_{It returns}For water saving measures Generated recurrence reduction amount.

W_{It returns}=W [(1-K) (1- η_Canal)+βη_Canal], wherein W_{It returns}For irrigation return flow amount, W is irrigation requirement, and K is aeration zone Water consumption coefficient, β are that Irrigation Infiltration feeds coefficient, η_CanalFor water efficiency of canal system.

△W_{It returns}=W_{It returns}-△W'_{It returns}, wherein W'_{It returns}Recurrence water after implementing for water saving measures.

Global approach calculates water saving potential:

W_as=W_ac-W_aa, wherein W_asFor the possibility water saving potential in irrigated area, W_acFor the status irrigation requirement in irrigated area, W_aaFor Irrigation requirement after the implementation of irrigated area water-saving technology.

W_aa=m_aa×A_a×10^-4/η_aa, wherein m_aaFor using the net quota of comprehensive irrigation after Water Saving Irrigation System, A_aTo fill Area's effective irrigation area, η_aaWater efficiency of irrigation after implementing for irrigated area water-saving technology.

Engineering-type water saving potential (relies primarily on engineering measure):

Wherein W_EngineeringFor Engineering-type water saving potential, I_{It needs}For the net irrigation water of crop of subregion Amount, η₁And η₂Respectively using the water efficiency of irrigation before and after water-saving technology.A is Different Crop cultivated area, and i indicates subregion Interior crop species, n indicate that crop species number in subregion, ET are the Evapotranspiration of crop, and P is precipitation, and α is precipitation effective use Coefficient, G are groundwater contribution.

Efficiency type water saving potential (mainly from agronomic measures):

Wherein W_EfficiencyFor efficiency type water saving potential, η₁For the irrigation in status year Water application rate,Indicate the percentage for the farmland water consumption reduction that can be generated by adjusting plant physiology process,Indicate logical The Agricultural Water Savings irrigation practice such as trickle irrigation is crossed, so that the percentage of farmland water consumption reduction.

Structural water saving potential (mainly from Crops Planting Structure Adjustment):

Wherein W_StructureFor structural water saving potential, I_{Rule need}Indicate the crop irrigation requirement of block planning forcasted years, I_{Now need}Indicate the crop irrigation requirement of subregion status forcasted years, i Indicate crop species in subregion, A_{I rule}For the cultivated area of i-th kind of plant of planning level year, A_{I is existing}For i-th kind of work of status forcasted years The cultivated area of object, η₁For the water efficiency of irrigation in status year.

Below with reference to an application case, to the irrigated area water saving potential measuring method provided in this embodiment based on big data into One step explanation.

One, Agro-ecology water saving potential calculated result

Including status year farmland under irrigation pattern of farming, planning year Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry water requirement (including irrigated area periphery plant need Water) and Agro-ecology Analysis of Water-Saving Potential.

Two, planning year Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry is comprehensive irrigates net quota

In view of Water Saving Potential of Irrigation Agriculture is can to make existing farmland-use water by the implementation of all kinds of water-saving technology measures The quantity of total amount reduction, so planning year farmland under irrigation pattern of farming uses status farmland under irrigation pattern of farming.? On the basis of meeting crop normal growing conditions net quota status year, consider that different type irrigated area increases water-saving irrigation project area newly Implement, according to the variation of the net quota of chief crop Different Irrigation Methods, (sprinkling irrigation, slight irrigation are less than the anti-seepage of channels only by norm, pipe fills net By norm), different water-saving irrigation project measures are calculated and irrigate net water requirement, COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING goes out different type irrigated area and meets normal life Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry is comprehensive under elongate member irrigates net quota, and see Table 1 for details.

Table 1, which meets, plans the comprehensive net quota unit of Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry: m under normal growing conditions³/ mu

Three, year Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry water requirement is planned

Corresponding status fills the planning year Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry water requirement of area in fact, using meet the net quota of crop normal growing conditions with Counting net quota reckoning achievement comparison using status, see Table 2 for details.As can be seen from Table 2, only fixed using crop normal growing conditions are met Volume calculates that water demand ratio calculates that the water demand of crop is not much different using status statistic for receiver by norm only, total to increase 1.97 hundred million m³, wherein Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia need to reduce by 11.34 hundred million m³, Inner Mongol, Shaanxi, Shanxi need to increase by 13.31 hundred million m³。

Each provinces and regions of table 2 are using different net quota planning Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry water requirement contrast table units: hundred million m³

Four, potential agricultural water-saving

According to the Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry status water efficiency of irrigation in filling quota and different type irrigated area in fact is counted status year, extrapolate Status fills net quota in fact.Plan that year is constant according to net quota, water efficiency of irrigation is increased to planning year by the 0.52 of status year 0.61, corresponding status year fills area in fact, can make the quantity of the status year direct reduction of irrigation water capacity.

Plan that year fills area and planning year irrigation water system using the comprehensive net quota of status statistics Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry, status in fact Number, the water saving potential for calculating corresponding status irrigation water capacity is 34.5 hundred million m³, wherein Large-Sized Irrigation Districts can 23.8 hundred million m of water-saving amount³, It medium-sized irrigated area can 4.3 hundred million m of water-saving amount³, miniature irrigation area can 6.4 hundred million m of water-saving amount³.See Table 3 for details.

3 middle and upper Yellow River area potential agricultural water-saving unit of table: hundred million m³

The analysis of the year two thousand thirty water-saving amount, water-saving irrigation area in middle and upper Yellow River area is 37,000,000 mu at present, and Zhan always irrigates face Long-pending 50.5%.To alleviate Yellow River Water Resources imbalance between supply and demand, Water Resources Irrigation utilization efficiency and benefit need to be further increased.Consider To the actual conditions of water-saving transformation in irrigation district, irrigated with reference to " Yellow River basin water resource assets " water-saving development speed and the year two thousand thirty Water application rate target, is planned for the year two thousand thirty, and middle and upper Yellow River area increases 2630.3 ten thousand mu of engineering teaching irrigated area, engineering newly Water-saving irrigation area reaches 6330.3 ten thousand mu, accounts for the 86.3% of effective irrigation area, and field irrigation Water application rate is increased to 0.59.Compared with status year, the year two thousand thirty middle and upper Yellow River area is accumulative can to save 26.0 hundred million m3 of irrigation water capacity.

Five, with " Yellow River basin water resource assets " achievement comparative analysis

According to " Yellow River basin water resource assets ", Yellow River basin farmland effective irrigation area in 2008 is 7764.6 ten thousand Mu, water-saving irrigation area are 3675.6 ten thousand mu, account for the 47.3% of effective irrigation area, and real fill is rated for 420m3/ mus.Analyze agriculture When industry water saving potential, plan that water efficiency of irrigation increased to the 0.62 of water-saving standard by 2008 0.49, potential agricultural water-saving For 59.3 hundred million m3, wherein middle and upper Yellow River area farmland water-saving irrigation area in 2008 is 3055.9 ten thousand mu, occupies effect irrigation face Long-pending 49.7% plans that water efficiency of irrigation is increased to 0.61 by 0.47,51.6 hundred million m of potential agricultural water-saving³。

As the implementation such as mating and transformation on economy of water cousumption, Water right transfer, middle and upper Yellow River area are continued in Large Or Medium Type Irrigation Areas in recent years Agricultural water conservation obtains remarkable effect.This research selection status year is, according to statistics, middle and upper Yellow River area agriculture in 2012 in 2012 It is 7332.1 ten thousand mu that woods, which herds effective irrigation area, and water-saving irrigation area is 3700.0 ten thousand mu, accounts for the 50.5% of effective irrigation area, Real fill is rated for 386m3/ mus.To further discriminate between different type Irrigation Water mode difference, point large-scale gravity flow in computing unit With pump up water, medium-sized gravity flow and pump up water, six type irrigated areas of small-sized canal irrigation and well irrigation.In conjunction with " the Irrigation Development planning of whole nation modern times " It is newly-increased to draft upper and middle reaches area for the achievements such as (2013), " the Northwest's efficient water-saving irrigation project implementation scheme " (2014) 3632.1 ten thousand mu of engineering teaching irrigated area, engineering teaching irrigated area increases to 7332.1 ten thousand mu by 3700.0 ten thousand mu, engineering The ratio that water-saving irrigation area accounts for effective irrigation area is increased to 100% by 50.5%, plans water efficiency of irrigation by 0.52 It is increased to 0.61,34.5 hundred million m of potential agricultural water-saving³。

Six, Main Conclusions

Yellow River basin belongs to resources water shortage area, to maintain water requirements sustainable growth, in recent years, Yellow River basin is saved Waterpower degree constantly enhances, and water using level and efficiency have to be improved by a relatively large margin, and 1980~2012, Yellow River basin farmland filled in fact Quota is by 542m³It is reduced to 424m³, but it is still higher than average national level 20m³.Since 2013, middle and upper Yellow River provinces and regions pass through The many kinds of measures such as engineering, technology, economy, management and means are further strengthened water-saving, have approached the limit of irrigated area ecological water saving.

Middle and upper Yellow River arid climate, duty have the function of that ecological water, unique autumn pour system and ultra-large type Irrigated area complexity fills row's canal system network and ipsilateral does not tap the latent power to potential agricultural water-saving and causes to restrict the features such as Huanghe water Gao Hansha. Total 30.7 hundred million m of increment of In Hetao Irrigation Region mean annual underground water³, wherein canal system and soil infiltration supply account for 95%, Being maintained irrigated area annual underground water buried depth is 1.5m~2.0m.In the case where only considering canal system water saving measures, when channel water utilizes Coefficient is increased to 0.58, and underground water buried depth has been approached red line water level 2.5m.Consider irrigated area Middle and low yield soils and alkaline land improvement, the autumn Watering pours water quota use in, slight alkaline land status quota, be 100m³/ mu.

The natural conditions of middle and upper Yellow River arid determine that irrigated area has with periphery natural ecology and very closely contact.Irrigated area Diversion feeds underground water by canal system, soil horizon etc., divides according to diversion process is irrigated with underground water buried depth change procedure Analysis rises and falls in the year of level of ground water and irrigates water diversion size variation basic synchronization, and diversion irrigation not only can guarantee that crops are raw It is long to need, can also recharge of groundwater to meet periphery natural vegetation and lake and marshland water needs, therefore, diversion irrigation is to maintain Stable one of the principal element of irrigated area oasis ecology.It is studied according to Chinese Academy of Sciences plant, day within the scope of the oasis of In Hetao Irrigation Region Right vegetation growth initial stage (5~June) underground water buried depth not preferably less than 1.5m, vegetation growth most productive period (7~August) and latter stage (September) Level of ground water not preferably less than 2.0m~2.5m.In the irrigated area Ning Meng of precipitation deficit 200mm, the underground of 1.5m~2.5m is maintained Water level, it is necessary to keep biggish duty.It is calculated according to model, 1990~2013 years mean annuals in In Hetao Irrigation Region It is lauched total 30.7 hundred million m of increment³, wherein canal system infiltration capacity is 21.2 hundred million m³, the 69% of the total increment of Zhan, soil infiltration supply 8.1 Hundred million m³, 26% is accounted for, gives 1.4 hundred million m with the Yellow River side impregnation in front of the mountains³, the 5% of the total increment of Zhan, same period annual underground water buried depth is 1.5m~2.0m.

Consideration In Hetao Irrigation Region is ultra-large type irrigated area, and control area is big, the row's of filling canal system is complicated, water efficiency of irrigation Calculate and drafts very difficult.Research consider emphasis to trunk canal, divide the backbone canal system including trunk canal, branch canal to carry out anti-leakage lining, Combine the regulation to final canal systems such as bucket, agriculture, sublateral canals, be arranged corresponding water efficiency of canal system be respectively 0.53,0.55, 0.58,0.61,0.66, Groundwater in Irrigation Area annual buried depth increases 0.16,0.25,0.42m, 0.62m, 0.96m respectively, corresponding Lake and marshland area atrophy 8%, 13%, 20%, 27%, 38%；In the case where water efficiency of canal system reaches 0.58 scheme, irrigated area It is then bright to reach 0.66 scheme in water efficiency of canal system already close to underground water buried depth red line water level 2.5m for average underground water buried depth It is aobvious to exceed, give the Grassland ecosystems that reed is representative and bring a wide range of adverse effect, therefore prejudges reasonable water saving potential Corresponding water efficiency of canal system should be within 0.58.Compared with the older series of status 1990~2013, corresponding Hetao Irrigation District Water intaking water saving potential be about 6.8 hundred million m³, consuming yellow water saving potential is about 6.0 hundred million m³。

It is the special irrigation regime of the traditional one kind for drenching salt after autumn of Hetao Irrigation District that autumn, which pours, and the autumn pours generally under in September part Continue to early November in ten days.Autumn pours has played huge effect in the entire development process in irrigated area, but as irrigated area is saved Water level is continuously improved, U.S. certain herbaceous plants with big flowers cultivated area increases etc., and the autumn pours whether necessary and its quota rationally has larger dispute.According to Many years average statistics, In Hetao Irrigation Region autumn pour 29.0% that water diversion accounts for about annual water diversion, and displacement accounts for about annual row The 37.5% of water, and the autumn pours 45.7% that brine rate accounts for about annual brine rate, and it is 0.67 that the autumn, which pours row to draw salt ratio, much higher than work Object breeding time, row drew salt than 0.32, and it is significant to illustrate that the status autumn pours leaching salt action.Pass through on-site inspection, it is thus understood that U.S. certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is at practical kind During plant, the soil texture and fertility will affect, same piece of land plants U.S. certain herbaceous plants with big flowers and needs replacing other crop-plantings in 2~3 years or so, About 3,000,000 mu of cultivated area of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of U.S. at present, Zhan Qiu pour the 50% of area, and the space that future is further added by U.S. certain herbaceous plants with big flowers cultivated area is limited. Exploration and analysis cancels the autumn to the arable land of plantation sunflower and pours water 50%, whole sunflower plantations plot the autumn does not pour, takes in research Disappear autumn of sunflower pours three sets of plan of spring irrigation for being changed to increase by 50%, and comprehensive each scheme is lauched over the ground, lake and marshland moisturizing etc. influences, Fully phasing out the autumn pours and infeasible, but presses the autumn to pour Dai Yizeng spring irrigation and have possibility.Meanwhile the irrigation program benefit of status sunflower It is poured with the autumn and carries out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching pressure salt, guarantee that the salinity of crop root layer does not influence plant growth, poured if cancelling the autumn, increase spring irrigation water before broadcasting Amount carries out the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and drenches salt, and effect is inferior to status.Therefore, it studies the autumn of recommending to maintain the statusquo and pours system, while considering low in irrigated area Produce soil and alkaline land improvement, autumn watering pours water quota use in, slight alkaline land status be rated for 100m³/ mu.

Consider that status effective irrigation area all implements transformation on economy of water cousumption, and there is the surface water gravity-irrigated area of orographic condition to implement " pipe is for canal " all implements sprinkling irrigation or slight irrigation in the crop belts such as lifting water irrigation district, well-irrigated area and characteristic class, economic forest fruit, then Six provinces and regions water-saving irrigation area of middle and upper Yellow River increases to 7332.1 ten thousand mu by 3700.0 ten thousand mu of status, and wherein the anti-seepage of channels is water-saving Reach 4487.2 ten thousand mu, always water-saving area 61.2%, the high-efficiency water-savings area such as low pressure water conveyance pipeline, sprinkling irrigation, slight irrigation reach Zhan 2844.9 ten thousand mu, the total water-saving area 38.8% of Zhan.Then six provinces and regions agricultural irrigation engineering hair water saving potential of middle and upper Yellow River is 34.5 Hundred million m³。

What it is in view of this research is water saving potential, considers that status effective irrigation area all implements transformation on economy of water cousumption, and have ground The surface water gravity-irrigated area of shape condition implements " pipe is for canal ", makees in lifting water irrigation district, well-irrigated area and characteristic class, economic forest fruit etc. Object area all implements sprinkling irrigation or slight irrigation, then six provinces and regions water-saving irrigation area of middle and upper Yellow River is increased to by 3700.0 ten thousand mu of status 7332.1 ten thousand mu, wherein the anti-seepage of channels is water-saving reaches 4487.2 ten thousand mu, the total water-saving area 61.2% of Zhan, low pressure water conveyance pipeline area 1659.7 ten thousand mu, the total water-saving area 22.6% of Zhan, 602.7 ten thousand mu of spray irrigation economize area, the total water-saving area 8.2% of Zhan, slight irrigation section 582.1 ten thousand mu of water area, the total water-saving area 7.9% of Zhan.It corresponds to and fills area status year in fact, while flowing automatically according to large size and pumping up water, Medium-sized gravity flow with pump up water, six type irrigated areas of small-sized canal irrigation and well irrigation calculate separately, then six provinces and regions agricultural irrigation of middle and upper Yellow River Engineering hair water saving potential is 34.5 hundred million m³, wherein 23.8 hundred million m of Large-Sized Irrigation Districts water saving potential³, medium-sized 4.3 hundred million m of irrigated area water saving potential³, 6.4 hundred million m of miniature irrigation area water saving potential³。

It is water-saving to be related to many aspects such as society, economy, ecology, technology, policy, management, and be one with economic society The dynamic process of development and variation, water saving potential are restricted by the socio-economic development stage.It researchs and proposes status and effectively irrigates face Product all implements transformation on economy of water cousumption, and six provinces and regions water-saving irrigation area of future Yellow River upper and middle reaches is increased to by 3700.0 ten thousand mu of status 7332.1 ten thousand mu, wherein high-efficiency water-saving area reaches 2844.9 ten thousand mu, the total water-saving area 38.8% of Zhan.It is estimated that water-saving engineering Gross investment is up to 878.6 hundred million yuan, calculates according to chaetomers water, and average investment is 25.5 yuan.For irrigated area or peasant household, Implement to face problems, the predominantly long-acting excitation two of access threshold and water-saving operation during water-saving especially high-efficiency water-saving Aspect.Access threshold problem refers to the Inputs such as scale, technology, the fund of water-saving engineering transformation, and the product planted is very It is easy to be influenced by market price fluctuations.The direct beneficiary of high-efficiency water-saving is disadvantaged group --- the peasant of society, posts hope A quite long process is also needed in decentralized management, peasant's individual investment construction efficient water-saving irrigation mode.Meanwhile water-saving fortune Capable long-acting inspiration problem refers to how irrigated area ensures the longtime running problem of water-saving engineering after water-saving engineering implementation, i.e., efficiently saves The operation of Hydraulic Projects needs more maintenance cost, therefore, to assure that peasant use realize after water-saving irrigation income it is steady in have increasing, It could be that the long-acting incentive mechanism established in water-saving implementation and operational process creates conditions.

In the latest 20 years, Hetao Irrigation District passes through Large-Sized Irrigation Districts water-economizing project, upgrading low- and medium-yield farmland and consolidation work The measures such as journey, water rights system water-economizing project, water pricing reform, water resources management, water resource utilization efficiency and water saving level have It is obviously improved, the crucial water-saving element such as irrigated area pattern of farming, irrigation norm, irrigation water effective utilization coefficients produces significantly Variation, while being adversely affected to irrigated area ecological environment.It is in particular in the following aspects: 1. canal system lining cutting antiseepage and field Between transformation on economy of water cousumption be obviously improved Irrigation Project Design efficiency, water efficiency of canal system is increased to 2012 from 0.42 in 1997 0.496, field water effective utilization coefficients are increased to 0.82 from 0.71, and irrigation water effective utilization coefficients are then increased to from 0.30 0.41.At the same time, irrigation quantity per mu continues to decline, from 650m³/ mu is down to status 550m³/ mu.2. the highly water intensive crop ratio in irrigated area It is remarkably decreased again, wheat planting area is reduced to 630,000 mu in 2013 from 3,800,000 mu of 1997, and amount of decrease is up to more than 300 ten thousand mu； Low water consumption crop specific gravity significantly rises, and sunflower cultivated area then develops to 3,390,000 mu in 2013, pattern of farming from 1,000,000 mu Acute variation occurs, directly affects Irrigation Project Design system and water spatial and temporal distributions.3. irrigated area draw yellow, consumption yellow water amount it is significant under Drop, water-saving to achieve noticeable achievement, be averaged 49.7 hundred million ms of the yellow river water amount before 1998 for many years³It is reduced to 1999~2013 years 45.3 hundred million m³, reduce by 4.5 hundred million m³；Draw yellow water consumption from 4,700,000,000 m³It is reduced to 44.4 hundred million m³, reduce by 2.6 hundred million m³.4. water-saving cause to fill The decline of area's level of ground water, annual underground water buried depth are dropped to 2.05m in 2013 by the 1.64m of nineteen ninety, decline 0.41m, Maximum cone of groundwater buried depth is more than 20m in irrigated area, is still constantly being expanded.5. the ecological lands face such as irrigated area meadow, forest land, waters Product shows downward trend, reduces 12.4%, 17%, 9.3% respectively.6. as a whole, Hetao Irrigation District irrigation water Efficiency is at present also in lower level, and with average national level there are still larger gap, the lining cutting antiseepage of backbone channel is effect Fruit water saving measures the most significant, can greatly improve water efficiency of canal system, and field water saving measures also have certain development empty Between, irrigated area pattern of farming will keep appropriateness to stablize, and adjustment space is limited, and water-saving bring level of ground water decline and lake and marshland wither Contracting problem will be protruded more, and the risk of irrigated area Which Ecological Environment Faced is increasing, can not be ignored.

Facing area Ecological Stabilization and sustainable development of socio-economy demand propose and maintain regional economy society and ecology The water-saving amount threshold value appraisal procedure of environmental system sustainable development, it is soft using the irrigation areas water circulation flux simulation of independent research Part platform constructs Hetao Irrigation District Distributed Hydrological Model, and has passed through the key waters such as evaporation, draining, underground water circulation and wanted The calibration of element and verifying recycle Characteristics of Evolution for research irrigated area water and water saving potential assessment provide reliable technical tool.According to According to the model platform, analyze Hetao Irrigation District water circulation Characteristics of Evolution comprehensively: 1. irrigated area integral level weighing apparatus feature, Hetao Irrigation District are more 21.79 hundred million m of mean annual precipitation³, draw 47.16 hundred million m of Yellow River Water³, in front of the mountains and the Yellow River is surveyed and seeps 1.62 hundred million m of increment³, it is discharged into the Yellow River 1.77 hundred million m of water³；2. irrigated area difference link Water Flux, aqueduct system leakage is still larger, is 21.05 hundred million m³, into field Between duty be 24.04 hundred million m³；Farmland Water is mainly from drawing yellow, precipitation and grou1ndwater irrigation, respectively 23.39 hundred million m³、 9.10 hundred million m³, 4.36 hundred million m³, evaporation from phreatic water is the important supplement of field-crop growth institute's water requirement, reaches 7.72 hundred million m³, and farmland The water consumption of moisture 78% is in evapotranspiration, about 35.53 hundred million m³, secondly by enter to blend draining respectively recharge groundwater or into Enter gutter and lake and marshland；3. irrigated area water consumption and its distribution characteristics.Moisture needed for meadow is mainly from evaporation from phreatic water amount, about For 6.97 hundred million m³, followed by precipitation, about 4.81 hundred million m³, underground water stablizes the growth of irrigated area meadow particularly significant；4. underground water Balance.Groundwater in Irrigation Area supply infiltrates from canal system, soil infiltration, respectively reaches 21.19 hundred million m³, 8.08 hundred million m³, steamed by diving Hair, supply river and lake wetland, supply channel, field irrigation exploitation, industry life exploitation are consumed or are drained, wherein evaporation from phreatic water Measure 17.60 hundred million m³, field irrigation exploitation and supply channel excretion are respectively 4.36 hundred million m³, 4.22 hundred million m³；5. irrigated area salt balance. It is calculated according to total salt quantity, 2,600,000 t of salinity is introduced in irrigated area year, is discharged about 1,000,000 t of salinity, and year salification amount is up to 1,600,000 t；Wherein have Evil salinity introduces 1,300,000 t, and 830,000 t are discharged, and average annual to accumulate 470,000 t, irrigated area is whole still in salification state.

It is the most significant that water efficiency of canal system improves influence water-saving to irrigated area and ecological environment.By simulating comparative analysis The water that the water saving measures such as canal lining, prepartion of land, sprinkler and micro-irrigation, no-tillage overlay film, irrigation program optimization, agricultural structure adjustment are implemented Resource response, irrigated area comprehensive water-saving potentiality and its eco-environmental impact degree under selective analysis canal system water-saving condition, as a result table Bright: 1. the raising of canal system coefficient substantially reduces underground water leakage, and irrigated area water diversion is by canal system, soil horizon etc. under charging point Water, about 29.1 hundred million m3 of annual recharge flux, by gutter, lake and marshland etc. drain underground water, year flux be about 8.0 hundred million m³, canal It is after Water application rate improves, above-mentioned amount of flux is substantially reduced.2. canal system is water-saving very aobvious on the influence of Groundwater in Irrigation Area buried depth Write: yellow river water amount is from 47.2 hundred million m³It reduces to 35.4 hundred million m³, Groundwater in Irrigation Area annual buried depth increases 0.96m, and giving reed is The Grassland ecosystems of representative bring adverse effect, illustrate that Hetao Irrigation District water saving potential is limited.3. canal system is significantly water-saving direct Underground water is affected to the timely space division cloth of the supply water of lake and marshland, 1.41 hundred million m of decrease in recharge in irrigated area³, it is contemplated that the water surface Area influences atrophy 38% very significant；Enter 1.47 hundred million m of black discharge reduction³, in order to maintain its water surface totally to keep flat Surely, row's yellow water amount is greatly decreased.4. water efficiency of canal system raising will be unfavorable for irrigated area desalination, the tired of irrigated area nocuousness salinity is aggravated Product, but influence degree its distribution also needs to carry out further investigation.

It establishes including canal lining, prepartion of land, sprinkler and micro-irrigation, no-tillage overlay film, irrigation program optimization, agricultural structure adjustment Etc. the comprehensive water-saving scheme collection of multinomial measure, and to Hetao Irrigation District water circulation change and eco-environmental impact under each integration scenario Carry out sunykatuib analysis, compared with status reference scheme after think: 1. the water intaking water saving potential of Hetao Irrigation District is about 7.6 hundred million m³, consumption Yellow water saving potential is about 6.7 hundred million m³.2. it is water-saving more significant on the influence of the underground water buried depth of Hetao Irrigation District wet season, with water-saving The increasing of intensity, shallow underground water buried depth Division area constantly reduce compared with standard year, and great burying Division area constantly increases, especially Dengkou County is northern, border on the river-Hangjin Rear Banner city periphery, Wuyuan County east and southern, three region Hu He Guan Yudeng of Wulate Front Banner Underground water buried depth obviously increase, less than the region area of 1.0m reduce it is the most significant.3. water-saving significantly affect lake in irrigated area Wetland distribution, 0.43~1.05 hundred million m are reduced by the rate of water make-up that lake is in irrigated area under each scheme³, corresponding lake and marshland area withers Contract 10%~26%；Irrigated area enters black water as the increasing of water-saving dynamics reduces by 0.36~1.01 hundred million m³, the Ulansuhai Nur water surface It is overall to keep stablizing, but arrange yellow water amount and be greatly reduced, Water Environment In Lakes increased risk.4. irrigated area is equal into, brine rate after water-saving Reduce, but the whole harmful salinity row in irrigated area draws than reducing, salification amount is gradually increased, and increases the risk of saline Land, but field Between water saving measures be conducive to irrigated area desalination.

Further consider that arable land such as is had holidays by turns at the unconventional measure, and 1,000,000 mu of wheel for ploughing are implemented on the basis of comprehensive water-saving scheme Not measure, Hetao Irrigation District can further increase water intaking 1.95 hundred million m of water-saving amount³, reach 9.54 hundred million m³；Increase and consumes yellow water-saving amount 1.78 Hundred million m³, reach 8.68 hundred million m³.But in terms of unit area water saving efficiency, the decrease of cultivated land of having holidays by turns per acre consumes yellow water amount 178m³, and it is existing Shape gross irrigation quota 550m³/ mu is compared, and water saving efficiency is unsatisfactory, it is still desirable to remain a certain amount of by recharge of ground water etc. Moisture evapotranspire consumption, otherwise can bring about the ecological environment problem on wheel fallow ground, be unfavorable for subsequent soil second ploughing.

The circulation evolution process of the water under scheme is poured by simulating the different autumns, the analysis autumn pours the ecological environment that variation may cause Influence, the research optimization autumn pours the feasibility of irrigation program, and as a result think: fully phasing out the autumn pours and infeasible, but press the autumn pour generation with Increase spring irrigation and have a possibility that certain, but be related to the challenges such as water salt balance variation and its adverse effect, it is also necessary to carry out big Amount basic research work is proved.

Pass through consulting literatures and field investigation, it has been found that the irrigated area Ning Meng has Higher Plants Resources abundant.Although Area only has 2.5 ten thousand km², but irrigated area at least possesses 145 kinds of higher plants, 58 kinds of plants/ten thousand km², significantly larger than 31 kinds of whole nation plant Object/ten thousand km².Importantly, the irrigated area Ning Meng endemic plant has 7 kinds.Therefore, the irrigated area Ning Meng is China, especially arid/semiarid The important plant accumulation regions in area, are highly protected.145 kinds of plants are under the jurisdiction of 36 sections, 100 categories.Five big sections of species quantity It is respectively: 23 kinds of composite family, 23 kinds of grass family, 17 kinds of Chenopodiaceae, 12 kinds of pulse family and 8 kinds of Salicaceae.Totally 83 kinds of this five sections plant, Zhan Zhi The 60% of object sum.

By calculating the dominance of various plants, determine that the dominant plant in the irrigated area Ning Meng has reed, Chinese tamarisk, white thorn, precarious Grass, Calamagrostis epigejos, raupo etc.." vegetation and depth to water relationship " is analyzed based on Gauss model, obtains forest, shrubbery, grass The suitable level of ground water of pasture and these four vegetation of marsh is respectively 5.0m, 4.0m, 2.5m and 2.0m.On autoptical basis On, determine the suitable ecological water level section of major part swale vegetation in 1~2m, the suitable life in salt-soda soil, steppe In 2~5m, other xerophytic vegetations and underground water relationship are little in state water level section.

Regional vegetation Changes in underground water demand: reed is the representative vegetation in the irrigated area Ning Meng.Vegetation growth incipiently under Water level 1.5m, vegetation growth most productive period level of ground water 2.0m, vegetation growth latter stage level of ground water 2.5m.

Another embodiment of the application additionally provides a kind of irrigated area water saving potential measurement device based on big data, referring to Fig. 3, The device includes:

System investigation module 31, is configured as the integrality of the ecosystem on investigation irrigated area periphery, and determines influence ecology The crucial group of system integrity；

Species identification module 32 is configured as determining dominant species according to the importance value of each species in crucial group；

Parameter determination module 33 is irrigated, the growth conditions according to dominant species is configured as, determines the irrigation parameter in irrigated area；

Metrics evaluation module 34 is configured as the irrigation parameter according to irrigated area, determines the synthesis of irrigated area water saving potential assessment Property index, engineered property index, irrigated areas administration index, economic benefits indicator, ecological environment class index.

In a kind of implementation, system investigation module 31 is additionally configured to using association analysis method, and determining influences ecology The crucial group of system integrity.

In a kind of implementation, species identification module 32 is also configured to

The importance value of each species in crucial group: importance value=(relative density+relative altitude is calculated according to following formula + relative coverage+relative frequency/4)；

The highest species of importance value are determined as dominant species.

In a kind of implementation, irrigates parameter determination module 33 and be also configured to using water circulation model to dominant species Growth conditions handled, determine the irrigation parameter in irrigated area, wherein growth conditions comprises at least one of the following: level of ground water, Water salt and hydro-thermal index are irrigated parameter and are comprised at least one of the following: irrigated area, irrigation water capacity.

The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of irrigated area water saving potential measuring method and device based on big data, not only considers The saving of water resource, it can also be ensured that the balance of irrigated area and irrigated area surrounding area ecological environment is preserved the ecological environment and species Diversity maintains original hydrologic cycle in irrigated area and periphery etc..It is used as mark by choosing dominant species on irrigated area periphery, While carrying out agriculture irrigation water saving development to irrigated area, according to the growing state of dominant species, determines and assess and implemented in irrigated area Water-savin g technical mode (irrigate parameter) whether rationally, if destroy ecosystem balance and the species diversity on periphery etc., Can effectively avoid in this way because excessively it is water-saving caused by the ecological balance of irrigated area and surrounding area destruction and to species diversity Property influence, realize irrigated area carry out water-savin g technical mode it is evidence-based, thus choose reasonable agriculture irrigation water saving technology And management mode, it realizes and preferably promotes local economic development and protecting ecology balance.

All the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with The difference of other embodiments, the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, the embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention can provide as method, apparatus or calculate Machine program product.Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can be used complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or combine software and The form of the embodiment of hardware aspect.Moreover, the embodiment of the present invention can be used one or more wherein include computer can With in the computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) of program code The form of the computer program product of implementation.

The embodiment of the present invention be referring to according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention, terminal device (system) and computer program The flowchart and/or the block diagram of product describes.It should be understood that flowchart and/or the block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions In each flow and/or block and flowchart and/or the block diagram in process and/or box combination.It can provide these Computer program instructions are set to general purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing terminals Standby processor is to generate a machine, so that being held by the processor of computer or other programmable data processing terminal devices Capable instruction generates for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram The device of specified function.

These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, is able to guide computer or other programmable data processing terminal devices In computer-readable memory operate in a specific manner, so that instruction stored in the computer readable memory generates packet The manufacture of command device is included, which realizes in one side of one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram The function of being specified in frame or multiple boxes.

These computer program instructions can also be loaded into computer or other programmable data processing terminal devices, so that Series of operation steps are executed on computer or other programmable terminal equipments to generate computer implemented processing, thus The instruction executed on computer or other programmable terminal equipments is provided for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart And/or in one or more blocks of the block diagram specify function the step of.

Although the preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention has been described, once a person skilled in the art knows bases This creative concept, then additional changes and modifications can be made to these embodiments.So the following claims are intended to be interpreted as Including preferred embodiment and fall into all change and modification of range of embodiment of the invention.

Finally, it is to be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second and the like be used merely to by One entity or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying these entities or operation Between there are any actual relationship or orders.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant meaning Covering non-exclusive inclusion, so that process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements not only wrap Those elements are included, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further includes for this process, method, article Or the element that terminal device is intrinsic.In the absence of more restrictions, being wanted by what sentence "including a ..." limited Element, it is not excluded that there is also other identical elements in process, method, article or the terminal device for including the element.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, specific case used herein to the principle of the present invention and Embodiment is expounded, and the above description of the embodiment is only used to help understand the method for the present invention and its core ideas； At the same time, for those skilled in the art can in specific embodiments and applications according to the thought of the present invention There is change place, in conclusion the contents of this specification are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. a kind of irrigated area water saving potential measuring method based on big data, which is characterized in that the described method includes:

The integrality of the ecosystem on the irrigated area periphery is investigated, and determines the crucial group for influencing the ecosystem integrity It falls；

According to the irrigation parameter in the irrigated area, determine that composite target, the engineered property of the irrigated area water saving potential assessment refer to Mark, irrigated areas administration index, economic benefits indicator, ecological environment class index.

2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the determining key for influencing the ecosystem integrity The step of group, comprising:

3. the method according to claim 1, wherein each species according in the crucial group is important Value, the step of determining dominant species include:

The importance value of each species in the crucial group: importance value=(relative density+relative altitude is calculated according to following formula + relative coverage+relative frequency/4)；

4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the growth conditions according to the dominant species, determines The step of irrigation parameter in the irrigated area, comprising:

It is handled using growth conditions of the water circulation model to the dominant species, determines the irrigation parameter in the irrigated area, Described in growth conditions comprise at least one of the following: level of ground water, water salt and hydro-thermal index, the irrigation parameter include with down toward Few one kind: irrigated area, irrigation water capacity.

5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the composite target includes ensurance probability of irrigation water, irrigation face Product reaches rate and irrigation water interest rate；

Irrigated area reaches rate and calculates according to following formula: (irrigated area actually reaches irrigated area/improvement and design irrigated area) * 100%；

6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the irrigated areas administration index includes that irrigated area is managed mechanism and set Set rate, number fulfilling rate is managed in irrigated area, rural water family association's coverage rate and collection rate of water fee, respectively according to following formula meter It calculates:

Rural water family association coverage rate=(irrigated area/Irrigation Project Design area ratio of rural water family association management) * 100%；

7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the ecological environment class index includes irrigated area surface water resources Utilization rate, Groundwater in Irrigation Area resources development and utilization rate, irrigated area underground drainage standard reach rate and salinization of soil prevention and treatment compliance rate, point It is not calculated according to following formula:

Irrigated area surface water resources utilization rate=(irrigated area year surface water resources development and utilization amount/irrigated area year surface water resources is total Amount) * 100%；

Groundwater in Irrigation Area resources development and utilization rate=(irrigated area year groundwater resources utilization/irrigated area year groundwater resources are available Amount) * 100%；

Salinization of soil prevents and treats compliance rate=(the practical prevention and treatment salinization of soil in irrigated area area up to standard/irrigated area design prevention and treatment salinization of soil area) * 100%.

8. a kind of irrigated area water saving potential measurement device based on big data, which is characterized in that described device includes:

System investigation module is configured as investigating the integrality of the ecosystem on the irrigated area periphery, and determines the influence life The crucial group of state system integrity；

Parameter determination module is irrigated, the growth conditions according to the dominant species is configured as, determines the irrigation ginseng in the irrigated area Number；

Metrics evaluation module is configured as the irrigation parameter according to the irrigated area, determines the comprehensive of the irrigated area water saving potential assessment Conjunction property index, engineered property index, irrigated areas administration index, economic benefits indicator, ecological environment class index.

9. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the system investigation module is additionally configured to using association point Analysis method determines the crucial group for influencing the ecosystem integrity.

10. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the species identification module is also configured to

11. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the irrigation parameter determination module is also configured to use Water circulation model handles the growth conditions of the dominant species, determines the irrigation parameter in the irrigated area, wherein the life Elongate member comprises at least one of the following: level of ground water, water salt and hydro-thermal index, and the irrigation parameter comprises at least one of the following: Irrigated area, irrigation water capacity.