CN109815610B - Temperature adjusting method for ice-shell building - Google Patents
Temperature adjusting method for ice-shell building Download PDFInfo
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- CN109815610B CN109815610B CN201910101434.3A CN201910101434A CN109815610B CN 109815610 B CN109815610 B CN 109815610B CN 201910101434 A CN201910101434 A CN 201910101434A CN 109815610 B CN109815610 B CN 109815610B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for enhancing the climate adaptability of an ice-shell building and increasing the internal temperature, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a calculation parameter of the ice-shell building and a meteorological parameter of the place where the ice-shell building is located; obtaining the outdoor comprehensive temperature of the ice-crust building according to the meteorological parameters of the place where the ice-crust building is located and the calculation parameters of the ice-crust building; obtaining the refrigerating capacity required by the ice-shell building for maintaining the ice-shell structure according to the calculation parameters of the ice-shell building and the outdoor comprehensive temperature of the ice-shell building; selecting a heat pump system according to the refrigerating capacity required by the ice shell building for maintaining the ice shell structure, and acquiring equipment parameters of the heat pump system; and obtaining the heating quantity supplied by the heat pump system to the inside of the ice-shell building according to the refrigerating quantity required by the ice-shell building to maintain the ice-shell structure and the equipment parameters of the heat pump system. The method has reasonable design and high energy utilization rate, and can enhance the climate adaptability of the ice-shell building and simultaneously improve the internal temperature of the ice-shell building.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ice buildings, in particular to a temperature adjusting method for an ice-shell building.
Background
The ice-shell building is a common building in winter in severe cold or cold regions, is mainly used for tourism resource development or other purposes, and can provide favorable conditions for the construction and maintenance of the ice-shell building due to the fact that the ice-shell building is long in winter and low in outdoor air temperature in the regions, so that the shape of the ice-shell building is guaranteed. However, as spring comes, the temperature rise brings great difficulty to the maintenance of the ice-shell building, and the ice shell of the ice-shell building is easy to melt or sublimate. Under the condition of the prior art, the ice-shell building usually adopts a refrigeration system to maintain the lower temperature of the ice shell so as to improve the climate adaptability of the ice-shell building and further prolong the service time of the ice-shell building, but the design of the ice-shell building is unreasonable, so that a large amount of energy is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method for regulating the temperature of an ice-shell building, which solves at least one of the above problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method of regulating the temperature of an ice-shell building, comprising:
acquiring calculation parameters of the ice-shell building and meteorological parameters of the place where the ice-shell building is located;
obtaining the outdoor comprehensive temperature of the ice-crust building according to the meteorological parameters of the place where the ice-crust building is located and the calculation parameters of the ice-crust building;
obtaining the refrigerating capacity required by the ice-shell building for maintaining the ice-shell structure according to the calculation parameters of the ice-shell building and the outdoor comprehensive temperature of the ice-shell building;
selecting a heat pump system according to the refrigerating capacity required by the ice shell building to maintain the ice shell structure, and acquiring equipment parameters of the heat pump system;
and obtaining the heating quantity supplied to the inside of the ice-shell building by the heat pump system according to the refrigerating quantity required by the ice-shell building for maintaining the ice-shell structure and the equipment parameters of the heat pump system.
Optionally, the calculation parameters of the ice-shell building include an ice-shell area, an ice-shell thickness, an ice-shell outer surface convective heat transfer coefficient, an ice-shell outer surface radiant heat absorption coefficient, an ice-shell inner surface convective heat transfer coefficient, and an ice-shell heat transfer coefficient;
the meteorological parameters of the place where the ice-shell building is located comprise the outdoor temperature and the solar radiation intensity of the ice-shell building.
Optionally, the calculation formula of the cooling capacity is as follows: q Cold ＝K·F·(t i -t sa )；
Wherein Q is Cold -the amount of refrigeration required by the ice-shell building to maintain the ice-shell structure; k-ice shell heat transfer coefficient; f-ice shell area; t is t i -indoor temperature of ice-shell buildings; t is t sa -ice-shell buildingsThe outdoor integrated temperature of (2).
Optionally, the calculation formula of the outdoor comprehensive temperature is:
wherein, t sa -outdoor integrated temperature of ice-shell building; t is t e -outdoor air temperature of ice-shell buildings; p is a radical of formula s -radiant heat absorption coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell; i-intensity of solar radiation; a is e -convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell.
Optionally, the calculation formula of the heat transfer coefficient of the ice crust is as follows:
wherein, K-ice shell heat transfer coefficient; a is i -convective heat transfer coefficient of the ice shell inner surface; a is e -the convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell; d-ice shell thickness; λ is the thermal conductivity of ice.
Optionally, the equipment parameter of the heat pump system includes an energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system.
Optionally, the calculation formula of the heating capacity is as follows:
wherein Q is Heat generation -the heating capacity of the heat pump system; q Cold -the amount of refrigeration required by the ice-shell building to maintain the ice-shell structure; COP-Heat Pump System energy efficiency ratio.
Optionally, the heat pump system comprises an evaporator, the evaporator is arranged in the ice shell of the ice shell building and absorbs heat in the ice shell.
Optionally, the method for enhancing the climate adaptability and raising the internal temperature of the ice-shell building further comprises:
acquiring an upper limit value of the ice shell temperature and the internal temperature of the ice shell building, and comparing the upper limit value of the ice shell temperature with the internal temperature of the ice shell building;
and if the internal temperature of the ice-shell building is higher than the upper limit value of the ice-shell temperature, adjusting the operation mode of the heat pump system and discharging the redundant heat out of the ice-shell building.
Optionally, the calculation formula of the upper limit value of the ice shell temperature is as follows:
wherein, t i -temperature inside the ice-shell building; t is t e -temperature outside the ice-shell building; a is i -convective heat transfer coefficient of the ice shell inner surface; a is a e -the convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell; d-ice shell thickness; λ is the thermal conductivity of ice.
Compared with the prior art, the method comprises the steps of firstly utilizing meteorological parameters of the place where the ice-crust building is located and calculation parameters of the ice-crust building to calculate the refrigerating capacity required by the ice-crust building for maintaining the ice-crust structure; and then selecting a heat pump system according to the obtained refrigerating capacity, and finally calculating the heating capacity supplied by the heat pump system to the interior of the ice-shell building according to the refrigerating capacity and the equipment parameters of the heat pump system.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a heat pump system.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1-compressor, 2-evaporator, 3-condenser, 4-liquid storage tank and 5-expansion valve.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict. In addition, the terms "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, which refer to the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the embodiments of the present invention, are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for regulating the temperature of an ice-shell building, comprising:
s100: and acquiring the calculation parameters of the ice-shell building and the meteorological parameters of the place where the ice-shell building is located.
Specifically, according to building data of the ice-shell building, the building data mainly come from design drawings of the ice-shell building, the building data mainly comprise a plan view, a section view and the like, a Winkler model is generated by utilizing the data, and calculation parameters are determined by combining the bearing capacity of the ice shell, wherein the calculation parameters comprise the area of the ice shell, the thickness of the ice shell, the convection heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell, the radiation heat absorption coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell, the convection heat transfer coefficient of the inner surface of the ice shell, the heat transfer coefficient of the ice shell and the like. The thickness of the ice shell, the convection heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell, the radiation heat absorption coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell and the convection heat transfer coefficient of the inner surface of the ice shell can be directly obtained, and the area of the ice shell and the heat transfer coefficient of the ice shell need to be calculated.
When calculating the area of the ice shell, the areas of the top and the periphery of the ice shell need to be considered, wherein the area of the periphery of the ice shell can be divided into four directions of east, south, west and north according to different directions; thus, the calculation formula for the ice crust area is: f ═ F e +F w +F n +F s +F u (ii) a Wherein, F e -the east area of the ice crust; f w -the area of the south side of the ice crust; f n -the area of the ice rind west; f s -area of north side of ice rind; f u -the area of the top of the ice crust, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the calculation of the ice crust area.
The calculation formula of the ice shell heat transfer coefficient is as follows:
wherein, K-ice shell heat transfer coefficient; a is a i Convective heat transfer coefficient of the inner surface of the ice shell, a i ＝8.7；a e -coefficient of convective heat transfer from the outer surface of the ice shell, a e 8.7; d-ice shell thickness; λ is the thermal conductivity of ice, λ 2.22W/(mK).
The meteorological parameters are derived from meteorological information issued by a meteorological bureau, and the meteorological information of the ice-crust building at different times of day is obtained, so that the meteorological parameters are used for subsequent calculation, including outdoor temperature, solar radiation intensity and the like of the ice-crust building.
S200: and obtaining the outdoor comprehensive temperature of the ice-crust building according to the meteorological parameters of the place where the ice-crust building is located and the calculation parameters of the ice-crust building.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the outdoor comprehensive temperature is as follows:
wherein, t sa -outdoor integrated temperature of ice-shell building; t is t e -outdoor air temperature of ice-shell buildings; p is a radical of s -radiant heat absorption coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell; i-intensity of solar radiation; a is a e -coefficient of convective heat transfer from the outer surface of the ice shell, a e 8.7. Therefore, the outdoor comprehensive temperature is calculated through the parameters, and a basis is provided for subsequent calculation.
From the above, the outdoor comprehensive temperature is related to the outdoor air temperature of the ice-shell building, the radiant heat absorption coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell, the solar radiation intensity and the convection heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell, and the outdoor air temperature and the solar radiation intensity of the ice-shell building are different at different moments. The outdoor integrated temperature also varies.
S300: and obtaining the refrigerating capacity required by the ice-shell building for maintaining the ice-shell structure according to the calculation parameters of the ice-shell building and the outdoor comprehensive temperature of the ice-shell building.
Specifically, the refrigerating capacity is calculated by the following formula: q Cold ＝K·F·(t i -t sa ) (ii) a Wherein Q is Cold -the cooling capacity required by the ice-shell building to maintain the ice-shell structure; k-ice shell heat transfer coefficient; f-ice shell area; t is t i -indoor temperature of ice-shell buildings; t is t sa -outdoor integrated temperature of ice-shell buildings.
As described above, the cooling capacity required for the ice shell structure to maintain the ice shell structure is related to the ice shell heat transfer coefficient, the indoor temperature of the ice shell structure, and the outdoor integrated temperature of the ice shell structure, and the cooling capacity is also changed due to the change in the outdoor integrated temperature.
S400: and selecting the heat pump system according to the refrigerating capacity required by the ice shell building to maintain the ice shell structure, and acquiring the equipment parameters of the heat pump system.
Specifically, after the refrigeration capacity is determined, a heat pump system capable of meeting the refrigeration capacity needs to be selected, so as to obtain equipment parameters of the heat pump system, wherein the equipment parameters include an energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system, which is derived from a selected heat pump product sample and is related to equipment specifications, a refrigerant type and the like.
As shown in fig. 3, the heat pump system includes a compressor 1, a condenser 3, an evaporator 2, a liquid storage tank 4, and an expansion valve 5; wherein, the condenser 3 is positioned inside the ice-shell building and releases heat to the inside of the ice-shell building; the evaporator 2 is disposed in the ice shell, and is generally integrally formed when the ice shell is manufactured, and absorbs heat from the ice shell, so as to cool the ice shell.
In the working process, the liquid storage tank 4 provides flowing media (refrigerant) for the whole pipeline, high-pressure refrigerant steam is discharged after passing through the compressor 1, and the high-pressure refrigerant steam enters the condenser 3 and releases heat to the interior of the ice-shell building to increase the temperature of the ice-shell building; then the refrigerant steam is condensed into liquid and enters the evaporator 2 to absorb heat to the ice shell, so that the temperature of the ice shell is reduced, and the evaporated refrigerant liquid is sucked by the compressor 1, thereby repeating the steps and realizing the refrigeration cycle.
S500: and obtaining the heating quantity supplied to the inside of the ice-shell building by the heat pump system according to the refrigerating quantity required by the ice-shell building for maintaining the ice-shell structure and the equipment parameters of the heat pump system.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the heating capacity is as follows:
wherein Q is Heat generation -the heating capacity of the heat pump system; q Cold -the cooling capacity required by the ice-shell building to maintain the ice-shell structure; COP-Heat Pump System energy efficiency ratio.
Therefore, the heating quantity supplied to the interior of the ice-shell building can be obtained under the design working condition through the refrigerating quantity and the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system, and the purpose of heating can be judged.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, compared with the above embodiments, in this embodiment, a method for enhancing the climate adaptability and raising the internal temperature of an ice-shell building further includes:
s600: and acquiring the upper limit value of the ice shell temperature and the internal temperature of the ice shell building, and comparing the upper limit value of the ice shell temperature with the internal temperature of the ice shell building.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the upper limit value of the ice shell temperature is as follows:
wherein, t i -temperature inside the ice-shell building; t is t e -temperature outside the ice-shell building; a is i Convection heat transfer coefficient of the inner surface of the ice shell, a i ＝8.7；a e -convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the ice crust, a e 8.7; d-ice shell thickness; λ is the thermal conductivity of ice, λ 2.22W/(mK). Therefore, the upper limit value of the ice-shell temperature is obtained, and the comparison with the internal temperature of the ice-shell building is facilitated.
The temperature inside the ice-shell building is detected by a temperature detection device (a temperature meter) so as to be used for subsequent calculation, wherein the subsequent calculation comprises heating quantity supplied to the inside of the ice-shell building by a heat pump system, heat produced by activities of living bodies, heat produced by indoor equipment and the like.
S700: and if the internal temperature of the ice shell building is greater than the upper limit value of the ice shell temperature, adjusting the operation mode of the heat pump system and discharging the excess heat out of the ice shell building.
Specifically, when the internal temperature of the ice-shell building is greater than the upper limit value of the ice-shell temperature, the ice-shell continues to work continuously, so that the ice-shell is sublimated or melted; in the heat pump system, the heat absorption efficiency of the evaporator 2 to the ice shell, that is, the cooling capacity should be increased, and the inside of the ice shell building should be ventilated to rapidly dissipate the excess heat inside the ice shell building, so that the temperature inside the ice shell building is equal to or lower than the upper limit value of the ice shell temperature.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A method of regulating the temperature of an ice-shelled building comprising:
acquiring calculation parameters of the ice-shell building and meteorological parameters of the place where the ice-shell building is located; the calculation parameters of the ice shell building comprise an ice shell area, an ice shell thickness, an ice shell outer surface convection heat transfer coefficient, an ice shell outer surface radiant heat absorption coefficient, an ice shell inner surface convection heat transfer coefficient and an ice shell heat transfer coefficient; the meteorological parameters of the place where the ice-shell building is located comprise the outdoor temperature and the solar radiation intensity of the ice-shell building;
obtaining the outdoor comprehensive temperature of the ice-crust building according to the meteorological parameters of the place where the ice-crust building is located and the calculation parameters of the ice-crust building; the calculation formula of the outdoor comprehensive temperature is as follows:
wherein, t sa -outdoor integrated temperature of ice-shell buildings; t is t e -outdoor air temperature of the ice-shell building; p is a radical of formula s -radiant heat absorption coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell; i-intensity of solar radiation; a is e -pair of ice shell outer surfacesHeat transfer coefficient of flow;
obtaining the refrigerating capacity required by the ice shell building for maintaining the ice shell structure according to the calculation parameters of the ice shell building and the outdoor comprehensive temperature of the ice shell building; the calculation formula of the refrigerating capacity is as follows: q Cooling by cooling ＝K·F·(t i -t sa ) (ii) a Wherein Q is Cold -the cooling capacity required by the ice-shell building to maintain the ice-shell structure; k is the heat transfer coefficient of the ice shell; f, ice shell area; t is t i -indoor temperature of ice-shell buildings; t is t sa -outdoor integrated temperature of ice-shell buildings; the calculation formula of the heat transfer coefficient of the ice shell is as follows:
wherein, a i -convective heat transfer coefficient of the ice shell inner surface; a is e -convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell; d-ice shell thickness; λ is the thermal conductivity of ice;
selecting a heat pump system according to the refrigerating capacity required by the ice shell building to maintain the ice shell structure, and acquiring equipment parameters of the heat pump system;
and obtaining the heating quantity supplied by the heat pump system to the interior of the ice-shell building according to the refrigerating quantity required by the ice-shell building to maintain the ice-shell structure and the equipment parameters of the heat pump system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the equipment parameter of the heat pump system comprises a heat pump system energy efficiency ratio.
3. The temperature adjustment method according to claim 2, characterized in that the calculation formula of the heating amount is:
wherein Q Heat generation -the heating capacity of the heat pump system; q Cold -the amount of refrigeration required by the ice-shell building to maintain the ice-shell structure; COP-Heat Pump System energy efficiency ratio.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat pump system comprises an evaporator disposed in an ice shell of the ice-shell building to absorb heat therefrom.
5. The temperature adjustment method according to claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring an upper limit value of the ice shell temperature and the internal temperature of the ice shell building, and comparing the upper limit value of the ice shell temperature with the internal temperature of the ice shell building;
and if the internal temperature of the ice-shell building is greater than the upper limit value of the ice-shell temperature, adjusting the operation mode of the heat pump system and discharging the excess heat out of the ice-shell building.
6. The temperature adjustment method according to claim 1, wherein the upper limit value of the ice crust temperature is calculated by the formula:
wherein, t i -temperature inside the ice-shell building; t is t e -temperature outside the ice-shell building; a is i -convective heat transfer coefficient of the inner surface of the ice shell; a is e -convection heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the ice shell; d, the thickness of the ice shell; λ is the thermal conductivity of ice.
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| JP2005106339A (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-04-21 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Heat exchanger and heat pump type air conditioner using the same |
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| CN204574314U (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-08-19 | 盐城工学院 | Based on hyperacoustic chilling air conditioning system |
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