CN109811757A - A kind of control method of minery ground crack geological disaster - Google Patents
A kind of control method of minery ground crack geological disaster Download PDFInfo
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- CN109811757A CN109811757A CN201910182927.4A CN201910182927A CN109811757A CN 109811757 A CN109811757 A CN 109811757A CN 201910182927 A CN201910182927 A CN 201910182927A CN 109811757 A CN109811757 A CN 109811757A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control method of minery ground crack geological disaster, method includes the following steps: step 1, determining minery surface subsidence range；Step 2 determines that earth's surface is the target zone of clay or the silty clay soil horizon area of coverage within the scope of surface subsidence；The expansion rate variation characteristic of surface soil layer in step 3, analysis target zone, determines the maximum average time point of its expansion rate and its averagely continues the time limit；Step 4 carries out humidification processing to the soil horizon in target zone before minery earth's surface will collapse, so that the water content of its soil horizon reaches its plastic limit water content；And at the time of soil swelling reaches its expansion rate maximum average time point after soil horizon humidification in target zone and at the time of surface subsidence between error no more than averagely continuing the time limit；The present invention can effectively reduce the degree in generation tension crack after surface subsidence, effectively reduce the risk of geological disaster caused by the crack of bottom surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground mining mining area surface geology disaster prevention and protection technique more particularly to a kind of minery earth's surfaces
The control method of crack geological disaster.
Background technique
China's disaster geology condition is extremely complex, except natural geologic hazards such as landslide, mud-rock flow, surface subsidence, ground fissures
Outside, Secondary Geological Hazards caused by mining are equally extremely widespread.In Plain or the mining area covered with soil horizon, underground is opened
Adopting causes surface subsidence to be most commonly seen geologic hazard type.Moreover, the inevitable adjoint ground surface soil body drawing crack of senkung,
Form mining area tension crack geological disaster.Clay distributed area especially when soil moisture is lower content or drying regime,
Brittle deformation is shown as because of soil strength height, to generate a large amount of cracks.
The appearance in mining area surface tension crack not only causes the damage and failure of the structures such as road, dykes and dams, and crack can become
Surface water enters the channel of mine and causes mine water disaster.Meanwhile the crack in soil exacerbates mining area soil and water loss, destroys
Mining area ecological environment etc..
Currently, control or the method for reducing mining area tension crack geological disaster take grouting for water plugging primarily directed to Fractured zone
Method, and just for the measure that mine earth's surface water damage is taken.Due to the implementation of the method be after cranny development, therefore it is right
It can not make in structures such as road, dykes and dams and energetically protect in advance.Soil erosion is caused to ask during for subsidence
Then it is even more impossible to solve for topic.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of minery ground crack geological disasters
Control method, to solve in the prior art not effectively prevent ground crack within the scope of the surface subsidence of minery the technology of method
Problem.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention provides a kind of control method of minery ground crack geological disaster, method includes the following steps:
Step 1 determines minery surface subsidence range
Step 2 determines that earth's surface is the target zone of clay or the silty clay soil horizon area of coverage within the scope of surface subsidence
The expansion rate variation characteristic of surface soil layer, determines the maximum mean time of its expansion rate in step 3, analysis target zone
Between put and its averagely continue the time limit
Step 4 carries out humidification processing to the soil horizon in target zone before minery earth's surface will collapse, so that it is native
The water content of earth layer reaches its plastic limit water content；
And at the time of soil swelling reaches its expansion rate maximum average time point after soil horizon humidification in target zone with
Error between at the time of surface subsidence is no more than the averagely continuity time limit.
Further, the method that surface subsidence range in minery is determined in step 1 includes: the distribution model for obtaining underground mining stope
It encloses, obtain underground mining stope advance of the face direction and fltting speed, earth's surface deformation periodic weighting step pitch, it is true according to the information of acquisition
Determine surface subsidence range.
Further, after step 2 further include: step 2.1 determines the target area that can generate tension crack in target zone
The operation object of step 3 and step 4 is replaced with target area by target zone by domain.
It further, further include the soil permeability for investigating humidification object, natural aqueous before carrying out humidification processing in step 4
Amount, modeling liquid limit index, humidification depth determine the humidification water consumption and humidification duration of humidification object according to investigation content.
Further, the analysis method of expansion rate variation characteristic refers to including analysis soil grades structure, modeling liquidity index, expansion
Number.
Further, humidifying method includes pipe network sprinkling, directly pouring or bore pressuring injection.
Further, humidification depth is 2-2.3m.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with prior art
The present invention provides a kind of control method of minery ground crack geological disaster, by within the scope of earth's surface subsidence area
Progress soil body humidification at tension crack can be generated, reaches plastic limit water content, and reach its expansion rate after the soil body is humidified
Be set as at the time of maximum time point at the time of surface subsidence between error be not more than soil swelling average continuity when
Limit, so that the optimal time point of soil body humidification expansion at the time of subsidence area collapses at tension crack, so that the soil body
Part tension crack is offset in expansion reduces bottom surface crack so as to be effectively improved and reduce the scale and density in tension crack
The danger level of caused geological disaster；Effective prevention that tension crack is generated to earth's surface after the surface subsidence of minery is realized, i.e.,
The purpose that prevention and treatment minery surface subsidence in advance causes geological disaster is realized, this method is easy to operate, and at low cost, effect is aobvious
It writes, is applicable in and promotes and use.
Specific embodiment
In the following, illustrating the present invention for embodiment, still, the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
All raw and auxiliary materials, reagent and the instrument selected in the present invention, equipment are all well known in the art selection, but unlimited
Implementation of the invention is made, other some reagents well known in the art and equipment are applied both to the reality of following implementation of the present invention
It applies.
The present embodiment provides a kind of control methods of minery ground crack geological disaster, method includes the following steps:
Step 1 determines minery surface subsidence range
Step 2 determines that earth's surface is the target zone of clay or the silty clay soil horizon area of coverage within the scope of surface subsidence
The expansion rate variation characteristic of surface soil layer, determines the maximum mean time of its expansion rate in step 3, analysis target zone
Between put and its averagely continue the time limit
Step 4 carries out humidification processing to the soil horizon in target zone before minery earth's surface will collapse, so that it is native
The water content of earth layer reaches its plastic limit water content；
And at the time of soil swelling reaches its expansion rate maximum average time point after soil horizon humidification in target zone with
Error between at the time of surface subsidence is no more than the averagely continuity time limit.
Preferably, in order to quickly determine minery surface subsidence range, in the present embodiment by obtaining underground
Distribution, underground mining stope advance of the face direction and the fltting speed of stope, earth's surface deformation periodic weighting step pitch etc., according to obtaining
The above- mentioned information taken are so as to effectively determining surface subsidence range.
After underground mining stope terminates exploitation, the influence to earth's surface is mainly that goaf is filled up in the sinking of above goaf rock-soil layer,
After transmitting layer by layer, finally it is embodied in the earth's surface right above stope and goes out to be recessed, is i.e. subsidence area.Therefore, it according to the distribution of stope and opens
Speed is adopted, can determine the sinking scope and time of earth's surface in advance；
Because underground mining is in the plane by a direction, iterative method is exploited forward, work is exploited by determining
Face direction of propulsion and fltting speed can prejudge the trend in surface subsidence area, range in advance and collapse speed；
Surface subsidence area range can be effectively judged according to above- mentioned information.
It is in the present embodiment that clay or the silty clay soil horizon area of coverage carry out soil to earth's surface within the scope of surface subsidence
Body humidification, then after completing soil body humidification, entire mining area surface is collapsed after range collapses, because of earth's surface within the scope of entire surface subsidence
It is humidified for clay or the silty clay soil horizon area of coverage, and the soil body reaches the time point of maximum swelling rate and when collapsing
Between put the setting essentially coincided so that the expansion of tension slot portion and the soil body for generating the soil body at tension crack is cancelled out each other,
Simultaneously because earth's surface is that clay or the silty clay soil horizon area of coverage are humidified within the scope of entire surface subsidence, then do not produce
The soil body in raw tension crack can apply one towards crack central area to the soil body for closing on, generating at tension crack because of expansion
Closing force, and then further part tension crack is counteracted, so that tension can be generated after significantly reducing surface subsidence
The degree in the tension crack of surface soil layer at crack.
Embodiment two
During the practical application of embodiment one, because subsidence area range is larger, if within the scope of surface subsidence
Table is that clay or the silty clay soil horizon area of coverage carry out soil body humidification, then huge workload will be generated, and not
It is the geology calamity that earth's surface is clay or the silty clay soil horizon area of coverage can generate tension crack within the scope of all surface subsidences
Evil.
Main region because in the collapse process of subsidence area, generating deformation is to prop up in subsidence area boundary and underground mining stope
Parapet wall body or tunnel correspond to wall etc. and project at the position of earth's surface, and tension crack is shown as deformation more, and other regions
Then very little, unlike subsidence area boundary because one side sinking side is constant, causes because its deformation mode is predominantly sunk for deformation
Tension crack in soil horizon thereon is larger.
Secondly, will appear large-scale tension crack at periodic weighting when Overlying Strata In A Face periodic weighting；Therefore, it is necessary to true
It is scheduled on the tension fissure zone position that periodic weighting shows, while in order to reduce workload and humidification cost, being existed in the present embodiment
Behind the position that tension crack has been determined, complete after original step 2 and then secondary determining target zone in can generate tension
The target area in crack, while the operation object of step 3 and step 4 is replaced with into target area by target zone.
I.e. step 3, analysis target area in surface soil layer expansion rate variation characteristic, determine that its expansion rate is maximum average
Time point and its averagely continuity time limit
Step 4 carries out humidification processing to the soil horizon in target area before minery earth's surface will collapse, so that it is native
The water content of earth layer reaches its plastic limit water content；
And at the time of soil swelling reaches its expansion rate maximum average time point after soil horizon humidification in target area with
Error between at the time of surface subsidence is no more than the averagely continuity time limit.
By aforesaid operations, it can effectively reduce soil body humidification workload and job costs.
Further, in example 1 and example 2 in order to determine the soil body humidification water consumption and humidification duration, into
Before row soil body humidification, further includes the soil types for investigating surface soil layer, obtains soil permeability, natural moisture content, modeling liquid limit
Index, humidification depth determine soil body humidification water consumption and humidification time according to above-mentioned parameter.
It further, is pipe network sprinkling, directly pouring or bore pressuring injection to the method for ground surface soil body humidification in step 4.
According to different situations, different humidifying methods can be selected.
Further, humidification depth is generally 2-2.3m.
Further, the analysis method of expansion rate variation characteristic refers to including analysis soil grades structure, modeling liquidity index, expansion
Number.
Above-mentioned humidification depth is general humidification depth, also needs to consider the depth at tension crack during practical application
Degree, width, scale and distribution arrangement, and then foundation is provided for humidification depth design, water demand.
Embodiment three
During embodiment one and embodiment two are implemented, when target zone/target area is mountainous region or rock distribution
When the case where area, even if its topsoil is clay or silty clay, because mountainous region or rock form effective support to earth's surface, so
Biggish deformation will not be generated, therefore, such situation is not required to consider that the soil body generates tension crack, therefore, is not required to be humidified to the soil body.
When being short ground under topsoil at the crack, in the collapse process of subsidence area, short ground fracture directly affects it
Upper layer of soil layer, and the deformation of short ground is violent, cause thereon soil horizon can also generate biggish deformation, even if humidification also without
Method slows down because short ground is broken bring deformation, so not considering to be humidified for such situation.
When the groundwater level depth of minery earth's surface is shallower, level of ground water can be oozed out and be flooded after foreseeable surface subsidence
Subsidence area, thus it is nonsensical to its surface soil layer progress hazards control, so not needing to carry out at humidification it yet
Reason.
This method is biggish to groundwater level depth, and subsidence area will not be by underground water drowned mine area, earth's surface after collapsing
Vegetation, surface soil layer have conservation value, using this method can effectively ground-to-ground table vegetation be protected, reduce surface soil layer
The degree in tension crack is generated, and operating cost is low, benefit is evident.
Currently, the tension crack in the Prevention Technique field of Mine Geological Disasters, especially to the formation of underground mining factor
Caused by hazards control be concentrated mainly on after mine underground exploitation, i.e., ground crack is just taken and is controlled accordingly after occurring
Reason measure.Due to having generated a large amount of crack, the project amount of improvement is relatively large, the period is long, capital investment is higher.Using this
Patent of invention technology is to reduce the scale in tension crack by improving crack disaster geology condition before there is crack problem
And density, reduce the risk of geological disaster caused by the crack of ground.
This method only change to soil physical properties, and easy to operate, low in cost, significant effect, is answered suitable for promoting
With.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of control method of minery ground crack geological disaster, which is characterized in that method includes the following steps:
Step 1 determines minery surface subsidence range
Step 2 determines that earth's surface is the target zone of clay or the silty clay soil horizon area of coverage within the scope of surface subsidence
The expansion rate variation characteristic of surface soil layer, determines the maximum average time point of its expansion rate in step 3, analysis target zone
And its averagely continue the time limit
Step 4 carries out humidification processing to the soil horizon in target zone before minery earth's surface will collapse, so that its soil horizon
Water content reach its plastic limit water content；
And at the time of soil swelling reaches its expansion rate maximum average time point after soil horizon humidification in target zone and earth's surface
Error between at the time of collapsing is no more than the averagely continuity time limit.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining surface subsidence range in minery in step 1
Include: the distribution for obtaining underground mining stope, obtain underground mining stope advance of the face direction and fltting speed, earth's surface deformation period
Water component determines surface subsidence range according to the information of acquisition.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, after step 2 further include: step 2.1 determines target zone
The operation object of step 3 and step 4 is replaced with target area by target zone by the interior target area that can generate tension crack
Domain.
4. method according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that further include adjusting before carrying out humidification processing in step 4
The soil permeability, natural moisture content, modeling liquid limit index, humidification depth for looking into humidification object, determine humidification pair according to investigation content
The humidification water consumption and humidification duration of elephant.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the analysis method of expansion rate variation characteristic includes analysis soil
Granularity Structure, modeling liquidity index, expansion index.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, humidifying method includes pipe network sprinkling, directly pours or drill
Pressure injection.
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| CN110259511A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-20 | 淄博祥龙测控技术有限公司 | Goaf microseism leak stopping collapses administering method |
| CN110411840A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-05 | 安徽理工大学 | Simulate experimental rig and method that the earth's surface soil body in goaf generates tension crack |
| CN110579160A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-17 | 安徽理工大学 | Tension fracture depth and width measuring device and application thereof |
| CN113221345A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-06 | 安徽建筑大学 | Method for preventing and treating geological disasters of surface tension fracture caused by underground mining in plain mining area |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110259511A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-20 | 淄博祥龙测控技术有限公司 | Goaf microseism leak stopping collapses administering method |
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| CN113221345A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-06 | 安徽建筑大学 | Method for preventing and treating geological disasters of surface tension fracture caused by underground mining in plain mining area |
| CN113221345B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2023-09-22 | 安徽建筑大学 | Prevention and control method for surface tension fracture geological disasters caused by underground mining of plain mining area |
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