CN109809621B - Method for treating sewage containing ammonia nitrogen - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a processing method of ammonia nitrogen in sewage, adopt gradient magnetic field activation and blow-off technology normal position combined technology to high concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage to handle, become low concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage with high concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage treatment, the utilization ratio of gradient magnetic field activation technology has been improved, the effect of blow-off technology has been strengthened simultaneously, the ammonia nitrogen clearance has been improved, furthermore, adopt gradient magnetic field activation and breakpoint chlorination technology normal position combined technology to carry out the advanced treatment to low concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage, with low concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage treatment for the sewage that accords with ammonia nitrogen discharge standard, the utilization ratio of gradient magnetic field activation technology has been improved, the effect of breakpoint chlorination technology has been strengthened simultaneously, ammonia nitrogen clearance has been improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a sewage treatment method, in particular to a treatment method of sewage containing ammonia nitrogen.
Background
With the continuous acceleration of industrialization and urbanization in China, the problem of environmental pollution is increasingly serious, the water environment is continuously deteriorated due to environmental pollution, and the safety of water resources in China is seriously influenced. Ammonia nitrogen is an important factor causing water eutrophication and environmental pollution, algae and other microorganisms in water are easy to propagate in large quantities, a tap water treatment plant is difficult to operate, drinking water odor is caused, dissolved oxygen in water is reduced in serious cases, fishes die in large quantities, and even lakes dry and die. In addition, the ammonia nitrogen can increase the chlorine consumption in the processes of water supply disinfection and industrial circulating water sterilization treatment; corrosive to certain metals (copper); when the sewage returns, the ammonia nitrogen in the regenerated water can promote the reproduction of microorganisms in the water delivery pipeline and the water using equipment, form biological scale, block the pipeline and the water using equipment and influence the heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, water body pollution with ammonia nitrogen as a pollution index becomes a problem which must be solved preferentially in water pollution treatment.
At present, various methods for removing ammonia nitrogen in sewage exist, such as a reverse osmosis membrane filtration method, a gas stripping method, a chemical reaction removal method, a biological purification method and the like, an ion exchange method and the like, and the methods respectively have applicable ammonia nitrogen treatment environments and characteristics. The invention patent CN107804946A of China discloses a process for treating nitrosamine disinfection byproducts in drinking water, which introduces a gradient magnetic field to decompose cluster water into single water molecules which are regularly arranged, and separates the water molecules from nitrosamine organic matters to enable the water molecules to exist in a free form, thereby reducing the molecular action between the water molecules and organic and inorganic complexes, and then removing the nitrosamine substances by adopting adsorption treatment. The technology of water treatment by using a gradient magnetic field has recently gained more and more attention, and a plurality of prior arts such as CN107963766A, CN207933215U, CN107954504A, CN107804946A, CN107628724A and CN104529043A use a gradient magnetic field to cluster water molecule clusters so as to realize activation, thereby facilitating subsequent treatment. However, the existing gradient magnetic field activation technology is used for a water molecule activation step, and then a subsequent treatment step (especially an adsorption step) is carried out on the activated water body. However, water cluster de-clustering is a special phenomenon under the condition of a gradient magnetic field, under the condition of losing the gradient magnetic field, water molecules which are de-clustered form water clusters again through van der waals force or hydrogen bonding, and an activated water body gradually loses an activated state. Although the prior art shows that the water molecules which are clustered can be relaxed for a certain time to keep the activated state, the relaxation time is limited after all, the treatment capacity and treatment effect of the water body are limited, the water body in the activated state is not fully utilized, and the utilization rate of the gradient magnetic field activation technology is limited.
At present, the reports of treating ammonia nitrogen in sewage by adopting a gradient magnetic field activation technology are less, and the use efficiency of the gradient magnetic field activation technology is lower. The application provides a new method for treating ammonia nitrogen in sewage aiming at the technical problems, combines a gradient magnetic field activation technology with the existing ammonia nitrogen removal technology, and improves the ammonia nitrogen removal effect while improving the service efficiency of the gradient magnetic field activation technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a processing method of ammonia nitrogen in sewage, adopt gradient magnetic field activation and blow-off technology normal position combined technology to high concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage to handle, become low concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage with high concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage treatment, the utilization ratio of gradient magnetic field activation technology has been improved, the effect of blow-off technology has been strengthened simultaneously, the ammonia nitrogen clearance has been improved, furthermore, adopt gradient magnetic field activation and breakpoint chlorination technology normal position combined technology to carry out the advanced treatment to low concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage, with low concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage treatment for the sewage that accords with ammonia nitrogen discharge standard, the utilization ratio of gradient magnetic field activation technology has been improved, the effect of breakpoint chlorination technology has been strengthened simultaneously, ammonia nitrogen clearance has been improved. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method for treating sewage containing ammonia nitrogen comprises the following treatment steps:
(1) adjusting the pH value of the high-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage to 9-12, preferably 11, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the high-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage is 1000mg/L to 10000 mg/L;
(2) and introducing the high-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage after the pH is adjusted into a stripping tower, stripping the ammonia nitrogen sewage by adopting stripping gas in an aeration mode, applying a gradient magnetic field to the ammonia nitrogen sewage in situ during stripping to treat the ammonia nitrogen sewage, and obtaining low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage after treatment, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage is 30-500 mg/L.
The application combines the gradient magnetic field activation technology and the stripping technology, exerts the synergistic effect of the two technologies, improves the utilization rate of the gradient magnetic field activation technology, enhances the effect of the stripping technology, and improves the ammonia nitrogen removal rate.
Preferably, in step (2), the stripping gas is at least one of air, oxygen, nitrogen or steam, preferably air; the blow-off temperature is 20-80 ℃, preferably 25-45 ℃; the air stripping time is 20-180min, preferably 30-60 min; the flow rate of the stripping gas is 0.1-10L/min, preferably 1-5L/min.
Nitrogenous sewage pH value, the temperature and the velocity of flow of the stripping gas, stripping time etc. all have an influence on the ammonia nitrogen clearance, according to the stripping principle, pH value needs be alkaline in order to produce ammonium hydroxide usually, stripping gas temperature is high then be favorable to the ammonium hydroxide to decompose, stripping gas velocity of flow is fast favorable to the reaction to accelerate, and further consider clearance and relevant cost, to the sewage pH value of blowing, degasification kind, stripping gas temperature and velocity of flow, stripping time has carried out the preferred, so that this application can further optimize in benefit and cost.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following processing steps:
(3) adjusting the pH value of the low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage to make the pH value be 6-8, and preferably 7;
(4) introducing the low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage with the pH adjusted into a reactor, adding chlorine, hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite into the ammonia nitrogen sewage in the reactor, introducing disturbance gas into the reactor in an aeration mode, applying a gradient magnetic field to the ammonia nitrogen sewage in situ during reaction for treatment, and obtaining sewage meeting the ammonia nitrogen discharge standard after treatment, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the sewage meeting the ammonia nitrogen discharge standard is less than 10 mg/L.
The application combines the gradient magnetic field activation technology with the breakpoint chlorination technology, exerts the synergistic effect of the two technologies, improves the utilization rate of the gradient magnetic field activation technology, enhances the effect of the breakpoint chlorination technology, and improves the ammonia nitrogen removal rate.
Preferably, in step (4), the chlorine-containing substance is added in an amount such that ClO is present - And NH 4 + The molar ratio of (1.5-1.8: 1) and the reaction time of 10-30 min; the disturbance gas is air; the disturbing gas flow rate is 0.1-10L/min, preferably 1-5L/min.
The pH value, the disturbance gas flow velocity, the reaction substance proportion and the like of the nitrogen-containing sewage influence the ammonia nitrogen removal rate, according to the breakpoint chlorination technical principle, the pH value is generally required to be neutral, the flow velocity of the stripping gas is fast, the reaction is accelerated, and the proportion of hypochlorite radicals to ammonium ions is slightly higher than the theoretical value so as to remove ammonia nitrogen as far as possible.
Preferably, in the step (2), the gradient magnetic field generating device is arranged outside or inside the stripping tower, and in the step (4), the gradient magnetic field generating device is arranged outside or inside the reactor.
This application can be according to the gradient magnetic field generation device who utilizes among the prior art, set up in the suitable position according to actual conditions to produce gradient magnetic field simultaneously, avoid and produce other influences between the sewage.
Preferably, a pretreatment step is added before the step (1), and the high-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage to be treated is filtered to remove impurities such as large particles, colloidal substances and the like.
This application can utilize techniques such as ordinary filtration, ultrafiltration to realize getting rid of impurity such as large granule, colloidal substance before sewage treatment ammonia nitrogen.
Preferably, after the step (2) and before the step (3), an adsorption filtration step is added to adsorb organic matters, heavy metal ions, dead microorganisms and other substances in the water body, and simultaneously reduce turbidity and chromaticity of the water body; in the adsorption filtration step, at least one of natural ore materials, carbonaceous materials and molecular sieves is adopted.
The relaxation property of the state of the gradient magnetic field generated in the sewage in the prior art can be used for reference, and the relevant impurities are removed by combining the adsorption technology.
Preferably, after the step (4), before the sewage meeting the ammonia nitrogen discharge standard is discharged, a disinfection and sterilization step is added to further remove the residual viruses and microorganisms in the water body; in the disinfection and sterilization step, disinfection and sterilization are added in the material with filtering performance so as to realize filtration and disinfection and sterilization at the same time.
This application can be consulted prior art and disinfected the germicidal treatment to sewage as required.
Has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the gradient magnetic field activation technology and the air stripping technology are jointly applied to treating high-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage, the gradient magnetic field is applied in situ while the sewage is air stripped, so that water molecules in the sewage are clustered, substances dissolved in the sewage are in a free state, the ammonia nitrogen is removed by utilizing physical reaction according to the difference of the solubility of ammonia in a gas phase in a liquid phase, and the physical reaction can be carried out more deeply by direct collision among all the substances, so that the removal rate of the ammonia nitrogen is improved, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the gradient magnetic field technology is fully utilized.
(2) The gradient magnetic field activation technology and the breakpoint chlorination technology are jointly applied to treatment of low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage, a gradient magnetic field is applied in situ at the same time of chemical reaction, water molecules in the sewage are clustered, and reactive ammonium ions and hypochlorite ions dissolved in water are in a free state and can be directly collided, so that the chemical reaction can be carried out more deeply, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is improved, and the utilization rate of the gradient magnetic field technology is fully utilized.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are explained and illustrated in more detail below. It should be understood that the contents presented in the description and the detailed description are only for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions and the advantages of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. On the basis of the disclosure of the specification, a person skilled in the art can modify the technical solution according to various reasonable changes, and the modified technical solution is included in the protection scope of the invention as long as the person does not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Example 1
Preparing 500mL of simulated sewage with ammonia nitrogen content of 1200mg/L and pH value of 11, introducing the sewage into a 5L simulated air stripping tower, stripping the simulated ammonia nitrogen sewage by adopting 35 ℃ air in an aeration mode, and applying a gradient magnetic field to the ammonia nitrogen sewage in situ by a gradient magnetic field generating device arranged outside the simulated air stripping tower for treatment while stripping, wherein the stripping time is 40 min; the flow rate of the stripping gas was 3L/min. The ammonia nitrogen content after the treatment is 53mg/L through measurement.
Example 2
Preparing 500mL of simulated sewage with ammonia nitrogen content of 1200mg/L and pH value of 11, introducing the sewage into a 5L simulated air stripping tower, carrying out air stripping on the simulated ammonia nitrogen sewage in an aeration mode by adopting air at 25 ℃, and applying a gradient magnetic field to the ammonia nitrogen sewage in situ by a gradient magnetic field generating device arranged outside the simulated air stripping tower for treatment while air stripping, wherein the air stripping time is 30 min; the flow rate of the stripping gas was 8L/min. The ammonia nitrogen content after the treatment is 47mg/L through measurement.
Example 3
Preparing 500mL of simulated sewage with ammonia nitrogen content of 1200mg/L and pH value of 11, introducing the sewage into a 5L simulated air stripping tower, carrying out air stripping on the simulated ammonia nitrogen sewage in an aeration mode by adopting air at 45 ℃, and applying a gradient magnetic field to the ammonia nitrogen sewage in situ by a gradient magnetic field generating device arranged outside the simulated air stripping tower for treatment while air stripping, wherein the air stripping time is 80 min; the flow rate of the stripping gas was 0.5L/min. The ammonia nitrogen content after the treatment is 71mg/L through measurement.
Comparative example 1
500mL of simulated sewage with ammonia nitrogen content of 1200mg/L and pH value of 11 is prepared, and the ammonia nitrogen sewage is treated for 40min only by applying a gradient magnetic field to the ammonia nitrogen sewage through a gradient magnetic field generating device arranged outside the simulated stripping tower. The ammonia nitrogen content after treatment is 1198mg/L through measurement.
Comparative example 2
Preparing 500mL of simulated sewage with ammonia nitrogen content of 1200mg/L and pH value of 11, introducing the sewage into a 5L simulated air stripping tower, and carrying out air stripping on the simulated ammonia nitrogen sewage in an aeration mode by adopting air at 35 ℃, wherein the air stripping time is 40 min; the flow rate of the stripping gas was 3L/min. The ammonia nitrogen content after treatment is 230mg/L through measurement.
Through comparison of examples 1-3, it can be found that the combined use of the stripping technology and the gradient magnetic field activation technology can remove more than 90% of ammonia nitrogen in the pretreatment of high-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage, and can effectively remove the high-concentration ammonia nitrogen in the sewage. Further, comparing example 1 with comparative examples 1 and 2, it can be found that the gradient magnetic field technology has no capability of removing ammonia nitrogen basically, the stripping technology can make the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reach 80%, and the ammonia nitrogen rate is further improved after the two-phase technology is combined in situ, which shows that the two technologies generate a synergistic effect, the gradient magnetic field technology enables water molecules to cluster and make ammonium hydroxide in sewage in a free state, the stripping method leads the water molecules of the cluster decomposition, the ammonium hydroxide and the water molecules of the cluster decomposition to collide with each other in an aeration mode, promotes the decomposition of the ammonium hydroxide, further leads the decomposition products of the ammonium hydroxide to collide with each other, accelerates the reaction process, because the concentration of ammonia gas in the gas phase in the stripping process is always less than the equilibrium concentration under the condition, ammonia dissolved in the sewage can enter the gas phase through a gas-liquid interface so as to remove the ammonia dissolved in the liquid. Because the water molecules are clustered, the substances are easy to generate direct collision, so that the reaction can be further carried out, and the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen in water is improved.
Example 4
500mL of simulation sewage with ammonia nitrogen content of 50mg/L and pH value of 7 is configured, a 5L simulation reactor is introduced, sodium hypochlorite is added into the ammonia nitrogen sewage of the reactor, air is introduced into the reactor in an aeration mode as disturbance gas, and the simulation reactor is arranged while reactingAn external gradient magnetic field generating device applies a gradient magnetic field to the ammonia nitrogen sewage in situ for treatment, and the addition of the chlorine-containing substances ensures that the ClO is - And NH 4 + The molar ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.6:1, and the reaction time is 15 min; the air flow rate was 3L/min. The ammonia nitrogen content after the treatment is 1.2mg/L through measurement.
Example 5
Preparing 500mL of simulated sewage with ammonia nitrogen content of 50mg/L and pH value of 7, introducing the sewage into a 5L simulated reactor, adding sodium hypochlorite into the ammonia nitrogen sewage of the reactor, introducing air into the reactor in an aeration mode as disturbance gas, applying a gradient magnetic field to the ammonia nitrogen sewage in situ by a gradient magnetic field generating device arranged outside the simulated reactor during reaction, wherein the ClO is added in an amount such that the ClO is treated - And NH 4 + The molar ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.8:1, and the reaction time is 30 min; the air flow rate was 0.5L/min. The ammonia nitrogen content after the treatment is 3mg/L through measurement.
Example 6
Preparing 500mL of simulated sewage with ammonia nitrogen content of 50mg/L and pH value of 7, introducing the sewage into a 5L simulated reactor, adding sodium hypochlorite into the ammonia nitrogen sewage in the reactor, introducing air serving as disturbance gas into the reactor in an aeration mode, applying a gradient magnetic field to the ammonia nitrogen sewage in situ by a gradient magnetic field generating device arranged outside the simulated reactor during reaction, and treating the ammonia nitrogen sewage in such a way that the ClO is added in an amount that allows the ClO to be a chlorine-containing substance - And NH 4 + The molar ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.5:1, and the reaction time is 10 min; the air flow rate was 8L/min. The ammonia nitrogen content after the treatment is 0.9mg/L through measurement.
Comparative example 3
500mL of simulated sewage with ammonia nitrogen content of 50mg/L and pH value of 7 is prepared, a 5L simulated reactor is introduced, and a gradient magnetic field is applied to the ammonia nitrogen sewage for 15min only by a gradient magnetic field generating device arranged outside the simulated reactor. The ammonia nitrogen content after the treatment is 50mg/L through measurement.
Comparative example 4
Preparing 500mL of simulated sewage with ammonia nitrogen content of 50mg/L and pH value of 7, introducing into a 5L simulated reactor, adding sodium hypochlorite into the ammonia nitrogen sewage of the reactor, and taking air as disturbanceThe motive gas is introduced into the reactor in an aeration mode, a gradient magnetic field is not applied, and the addition amount of the chlorine-containing substances is enabled to be ClO - And NH 4 + The molar ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.6:1, and the reaction time is 15 min; the air flow rate was 3L/min. The ammonia nitrogen content after the treatment is 7mg/L through measurement.
Through comparison of examples 4-6, it can be found that the break point chlorination technology and the gradient magnetic field activation technology are combined for use, so that the ammonia nitrogen removal rate in the advanced treatment of low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage can reach more than 90%, and the method can be used for effectively removing the low-concentration ammonia nitrogen in the sewage. Further, comparing example 4 with comparative examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that the gradient magnetic field technology has no capability of removing ammonia nitrogen basically, the breakpoint chlorination technology can make the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reach 85%, and after the two-phase technology is combined in situ, the ammonia nitrogen rate is further improved, which shows that a synergistic effect is generated between the two technologies, the gradient magnetic field technology makes water molecules cluster, so that ammonium ions and hypochlorite ions are in a free state in sewage, and the disturbing gas makes ammonium ions, hypochlorite ions and ammonium ions and hypochlorite ions collide with each other, so as to promote the reaction between ammonium ions and hypochlorite ions and accelerate the reaction process. Because the water molecules are clustered, the ammonium ions and hypochlorite ions are easy to generate direct collision with each other, so that the reaction can be further carried out deeply, and the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen in water is improved.
The application aims at the problem of low utilization rate of the gradient magnetic field activation technology in the prior art, and not only makes full use of the utilization rate of the gradient magnetic field activation technology by applying the gradient magnetic field activation technology in situ to the ammonia nitrogen treatment method in the prior art, but also can improve the ammonia nitrogen removal rate after combining the technology with the stripping technology and the breakpoint chlorination technology. Therefore, the method and the device solve the problem of low utilization rate of the gradient magnetic field activation technology in the prior art, and achieve the effect of improving the ammonia nitrogen removal rate.
While the present disclosure includes specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions or alterations in form and detail may be made to these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. The embodiments described herein are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The description of features and aspects in each embodiment is deemed applicable to similar features and aspects in other embodiments. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be defined not by the detailed description but by the claims, and all changes within the scope of the claims and equivalents thereof should be construed as being included in the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for treating sewage containing ammonia nitrogen comprises the following treatment steps:
(1) adjusting the pH value of the high-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage to 9-12, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the high-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage is 1000mg/L to 10000 mg/L;
(2) introducing the high-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage with the pH adjusted into a stripping tower, stripping the ammonia nitrogen sewage by adopting stripping gas in an aeration mode, applying a gradient magnetic field to the ammonia nitrogen sewage in situ during stripping to treat the ammonia nitrogen sewage, and obtaining low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage after treatment, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage is 30-500 mg/L;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage to 6-8;
(4) introducing the low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage with the pH adjusted into a reactor, adding chlorine, hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite into the ammonia nitrogen sewage in the reactor, introducing disturbance gas into the reactor in an aeration mode, and applying a gradient magnetic field to the ammonia nitrogen sewage in situ during reaction to treat the ammonia nitrogen sewage to obtain sewage meeting the ammonia nitrogen discharge standard after treatment, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the sewage meeting the ammonia nitrogen discharge standard is less than 10 mg/L;
adding a pretreatment step before the step (1), and filtering the high-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage to be treated to remove large particles and colloidal substances in the high-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage;
before the step (3), an adsorption filtration step is added to adsorb organic matters, heavy metal ions and dead microorganisms in the water body and reduce turbidity and chromaticity of the water body;
after the step (4), before the sewage meeting the ammonia nitrogen discharge standard is discharged, a disinfection and sterilization step is added to further remove the viruses and microorganisms remained in the water body; in the disinfection and sterilization step, disinfection and sterilization are added in the material with filtering performance so as to realize filtration and disinfection and sterilization at the same time;
in the step (2), the stripping gas is at least one of air, oxygen, nitrogen or steam; the blow-off temperature is 20-80 ℃; the air stripping time is 20-180 min; the flow rate of the stripping gas is 0.1-10L/min;
in step (4), the chlorine-containing substance is added in such an amount that ClO - And NH 4 + The molar ratio of (1.5-1.8: 1) and the reaction time of 10-30 min; the disturbance gas is air; the flow rate of the disturbance gas is 0.1-10L/min;
in the step (2), the gradient magnetic field generating device is arranged outside the stripping tower or inside the stripping tower, and in the step (4), the gradient magnetic field generating device is arranged outside the reactor or inside the reactor;
in the adsorption filtration step, at least one of natural ore materials, carbonaceous materials and molecular sieves is adopted.
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| CN103030235A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-04-10 | 何学文 | Ammonia-nitrogen wastewater treatment method |
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