CN109807232B - A kind of numerical control machine tool and its processing method for profile processing - Google Patents
A kind of numerical control machine tool and its processing method for profile processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109807232B CN109807232B CN201910080100.2A CN201910080100A CN109807232B CN 109807232 B CN109807232 B CN 109807232B CN 201910080100 A CN201910080100 A CN 201910080100A CN 109807232 B CN109807232 B CN 109807232B
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 83
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及机械自动化技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于型材加工的数控机床及其加工方法。The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical automation, in particular to a numerically controlled machine tool for profile processing and a processing method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
型材是指金属经过塑性加工成形、具有一定断面形状和尺寸的实心直条。型材的品种规格繁多,用途广泛,在轧制生产中占有非常重要的地位。目前,在型材的生产加工过程中,一般都是人工手动或通过叉车将型材物料搬运至加工位置;通过使用型材钳、手电钻进行手动加工,加工方法单一,人工加工后的外形整齐度、一致性、准确度等各方面的效果都不佳,很难确保加工出来的产品质量,加工完成后又通过手动或叉车将型材物料搬运至下一道加工位置。这样的加工方式工人劳动强度大,人工成本高,工作效率也较低。而少数生产厂也通过机械制造设备对型材进行加工,但都是通过单一的加工方式,先是将型材进行冲孔后,通过人工或设备运输到下一加工处进行切断处理,这样的加工方式不仅生产效率慢,而且对人工和设备的成本比较高,并且在加工过程中容易出现夹紧不稳导致的冲孔位置不准,以及没有检测回收的系统,整个生产的产品质量比较差。Profile refers to a solid straight bar with a certain cross-sectional shape and size after plastic processing. There are many varieties and specifications of profiles, and they are widely used, occupying a very important position in rolling production. At present, in the production and processing process of profiles, the profile materials are generally transported to the processing position manually or by forklift; manual processing is performed by using profile pliers and hand electric drills, the processing method is single, and the shape after manual processing is uniform and consistent. The effects of precision, accuracy and other aspects are not good, and it is difficult to ensure the quality of the processed products. After the processing is completed, the profile materials are transported to the next processing position by hand or forklift. Such a processing method has high labor intensity, high labor cost, and low work efficiency. A small number of production plants also process profiles through mechanical manufacturing equipment, but they all use a single processing method. First, after punching the profiles, they are transported to the next processing place by manual or equipment for cutting. This processing method is not only The production efficiency is slow, and the cost of labor and equipment is relatively high, and it is prone to inaccurate punching positions caused by unstable clamping during processing, and there is no detection and recovery system, the quality of the entire production product is relatively poor.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是:针对现有技术存在的不足,提供能通过机械手自动上下料、能同时进行冲孔和切断,设置有夹紧模块能够确保加工过程中的稳定性,设置回收装置能够进一步确保产品的质量,并且能够稳定输送,提高加工效率的一种用于型材加工的数控机床及其加工方法。The purpose of the present invention is: aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide materials that can be automatically loaded and unloaded by a manipulator, punching and cutting at the same time, a clamping module can be provided to ensure the stability in the processing process, and a recovery device can be provided to further ensure A numerically controlled machine tool and a processing method thereof for profile processing that improve the quality of the product, can be transported stably, and improve processing efficiency.
为实现本发明之目的,采用以下技术方案予以实现:For realizing the purpose of the present invention, adopt following technical scheme to realize:
一种用于型材加工的数控机床,该机床包括机架、上料装置、第一输送装置、冲孔切割装置、第二输送装置、下料装置、自动上料机械手和自动下料机械手;所述的上料装置、第一输送装置、冲孔切割装置、第二输送装置、下料装置、自动上料机械手和自动下料机械手均设置在机架上,自动上料机械手用于将型材两侧夹紧并搬运至上料装置内;上料装置的出料端与第一输送装置的进料端相衔接,上料装置用于将型材输送至第一输送装置,第一输送装置的出料端与冲孔切割装置的进料端连接,冲孔切割装置用于型材冲孔和切割;冲孔切割装置的出料端与第二输送装置的进料端连接;第二输送装置用于将加工完成的型材进行输送;所述的下料装置包括下料推动模块和成品收纳模块,下料推动模块设置在第二输送装置的一侧,成品收纳模块设置在第二输送装置的另一侧,通过下料推动模块将型材成品推入成品收纳模块内;自动下料机械手用于将型材两侧夹紧从成品收纳模块搬运下料。A numerical control machine tool for profile processing, the machine tool includes a frame, a feeding device, a first conveying device, a punching and cutting device, a second conveying device, a blanking device, an automatic feeding manipulator and an automatic material unloading manipulator; The above-mentioned feeding device, first conveying device, punching and cutting device, second conveying device, unloading device, automatic feeding manipulator and automatic unloading manipulator are all arranged on the frame, and the automatic feeding manipulator is used for two profiles The side clamps and transports to the feeding device; the discharge end of the feeding device is connected with the feeding end of the first conveying device, and the feeding device is used to convey the profile to the first conveying device, and the discharge end of the first conveying device The end is connected with the feed end of the punching and cutting device, which is used for punching and cutting profiles; the discharge end of the punching and cutting device is connected with the feed end of the second conveying device; the second conveying device is used for The processed profiles are conveyed; the unloading device includes a blanking push module and a finished product storage module, the unloading push module is set on one side of the second conveying device, and the finished product storage module is set on the other side of the second conveying device , push the finished profile into the finished product storage module through the blanking push module; the automatic unloading manipulator is used to clamp both sides of the profile and carry the blank from the finished product storage module.
作为优选,所述的上料装置包括上料物料架、物料架移动组件和上料推动组件,所述的上料物料架上设置有多个放置型材的上料间隔,上料物料架的底部与所述的物料架移动组件相配合,且物料架移动组件能带动上料物料架前后移动,上料物料架进料端底部设置有多个与上料推动组件相配合的推动凹槽,上料物料架出料端底部设置有用于型材推出的推动出口,且上料推动组件能将上料物料架内的型材由推动出口推出。As a preference, the feeding device includes a feeding material rack, a material rack moving assembly, and a feeding pushing assembly. The feeding material rack is provided with a plurality of feeding intervals for placing profiles, and the bottom of the feeding material rack Cooperate with the moving assembly of the material rack, and the moving assembly of the material rack can drive the feeding material rack to move back and forth, and the bottom of the feeding end of the feeding material rack is provided with a plurality of pushing grooves that are matched with the feeding pushing assembly. The bottom of the discharge end of the material rack is provided with a push outlet for pushing out the profile, and the feeding push assembly can push the profile in the feed material rack out of the push outlet.
所述的物料架移动组件包括多根上料支撑架、转动杆支架、上料电机和上料支撑板;所述的转动杆支架设置在机架上;转动杆支架包括电机转动杆、第一转动杆底座和第二转动杆底座;电机转动杆的前部与第一转动杆底座通过第一轴承连接;电机转动杆的后部与第二转动杆底座通过第二轴承连接;电机转动杆的一端与所述的上料电机通过上料联轴器连接;上料电机通过上料电机支架设置在机架上;电机转动杆上设置有电机移动块;电机移动块与上料支撑板的底面中部固定连接;所述的多根上料支撑架平行设置在机架上,且多根上料支撑架位于转动杆支架的两侧;每根上料支撑架均包括上料转动杆、第一上料底座和第二上料底座,上料转动杆的前端与第一上料底座连接,上料转动杆的后端与第二上料底座连接;每根上料转动杆上均设置有第一上料移动块和第二上料移动块,且上料转动杆分别有第一上料移动块和第二上料移动块滑动连接,所述的上料支撑板的底部前端与每个第一上料移动块固定连接,所述的上料支撑板的底部后端与每个第二上料移动块固定连接;上料物料架设在上料支撑板上;上料电机能带动上料物料架前后移动;所述的上料推动组件包括上料推动支架,上料推动滑轨、上料推动气缸、上料推动连接板和上料推块;所述的上料推动支架设置在机架上,且上料推动支架位于上料物料架的进料端下方,所述的上料推动气缸设置在上料推动支架上,上料推动气缸的活塞杆与上料推动连接板固定连接,上料推动连接板的底面通过上料推动滑轨与上料推动支架滑动连接,所述的上料推块设置在上料推动连接板的顶面,上料推块呈阶梯状,且上料推块的顶部与推动凹槽相配合。The moving assembly of the material rack includes a plurality of feeding support frames, a rotating rod bracket, a feeding motor and a feeding support plate; the rotating rod bracket is arranged on the frame; the rotating rod bracket includes a motor rotating rod, a first rotating The rod base and the second rotating rod base; the front part of the motor rotating rod is connected with the first rotating rod base through the first bearing; the rear part of the motor rotating rod is connected with the second rotating rod base through the second bearing; one end of the motor rotating rod It is connected with the feeding motor through a feeding coupling; the feeding motor is set on the frame through the feeding motor bracket; the motor rotating rod is provided with a motor moving block; the motor moving block is connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the feeding support plate Fixedly connected; the multiple feeding support frames are arranged in parallel on the frame, and the multiple feeding support frames are located on both sides of the rotating rod bracket; each feeding supporting frame includes a feeding rotating rod, a first feeding base and For the second feeding base, the front end of the feeding rotating rod is connected with the first feeding base, and the rear end of the feeding rotating rod is connected with the second feeding base; each feeding rotating rod is provided with a first feeding moving block and the second feeding moving block, and the feeding rotating rod is respectively connected with the first feeding moving block and the second feeding moving block, the front end of the bottom of the feeding support plate is connected with each first feeding moving block Fixedly connected, the bottom rear end of the described feeding support plate is fixedly connected with each second feeding moving block; the feeding material is erected on the feeding supporting plate; the feeding motor can drive the feeding material rack to move forward and backward; The above-mentioned feeding pushing assembly includes a feeding pushing bracket, a feeding pushing slide rail, a feeding pushing cylinder, a feeding pushing connecting plate and a feeding pushing block; the described feeding pushing bracket is arranged on the frame, and the feeding The push bracket is located below the feed end of the feeding material rack, and the feeding pushing cylinder is arranged on the feeding pushing bracket, the piston rod of the feeding pushing cylinder is fixedly connected with the feeding pushing connecting plate, and the feeding pushing connecting plate The bottom surface is slidably connected with the feeding push bracket through the feeding pushing slide rail. The feeding pushing block is arranged on the top surface of the feeding pushing connecting plate. Grooves match.
作为优选,所述的第一输送装置包括第一输送支架、第一输送电缸、第一输送滑动板、第一输送固定板,第一夹紧气缸、第一夹紧块和第二夹紧块;第一输送支架的进料端与上料装置的出料端相衔接,第一输送支架的出料端与冲孔切割装置的进料端相衔接,所述的第一输送电缸的设置在第一输送支架的后面,所述的第一输送滑动板与第一输送电缸的移动块的固定连接,所述的第一输送固定板设置在第一输送滑动板上,所述的第一夹紧气缸设置在第一输送固定板的顶部,第一夹紧气缸的底部分别连接第一夹紧块和第二夹紧块,第一夹紧块和第二夹紧块均呈T型状,且第一夹紧气缸能使第一夹紧块和第二夹紧块夹紧或松开;第一夹紧块和第二夹紧块的底面均与第一输送支架的顶面衔接。Preferably, the first conveying device includes a first conveying bracket, a first conveying electric cylinder, a first conveying sliding plate, a first conveying fixed plate, a first clamping cylinder, a first clamping block and a second clamping block; the feed end of the first conveying bracket is connected with the discharge end of the feeding device, the discharge end of the first conveying bracket is connected with the feed end of the punching and cutting device, and the first conveying electric cylinder It is arranged behind the first conveying bracket, the first conveying sliding plate is fixedly connected with the moving block of the first conveying electric cylinder, the first conveying fixed plate is arranged on the first conveying sliding plate, the described The first clamping cylinder is arranged on the top of the first conveying fixed plate, and the bottom of the first clamping cylinder is respectively connected with the first clamping block and the second clamping block, and the first clamping block and the second clamping block are both T shape, and the first clamping cylinder can clamp or loosen the first clamping block and the second clamping block; connect.
作为优选,冲孔切断装置包括固定架、冲孔切断支架、夹紧模块、冲孔模块和切断模块,固定架固定设置在机架上,固定架的进料端部与第一输送装置的出料端部固定连接,固定架的出料端部与第二输送装置的进料端部固定连接;所述的夹紧模块包括第一夹紧组件和第二夹紧组件;第一夹紧组件设置在固定架的左部,第二夹紧组件设置在固定架的右部,且第一夹紧组件和第二夹紧组件均包括夹紧气缸、夹紧推杆、夹紧移动杆和夹紧块;所述的固定架底部两侧均设置有阶梯槽,所述的阶梯槽与夹紧推杆顶部的阶梯块相配合,所述的夹紧推杆的底部与所述的夹紧气缸连接;所述的夹紧移动杆固定设置在夹紧气缸上,且夹紧移动杆穿过固定架,夹紧移动杆的顶部连接夹紧块,夹紧块呈T形状,夹紧块上的中间杆设置在型材的凹槽中部;夹紧气缸通过夹紧移动杆带动夹紧块将型材夹紧;所述的冲孔切断支架设置在固定架的顶部,所述的冲孔模块包括冲孔气缸、冲孔连接块和冲孔压杆;所述的冲孔气缸固定设置在冲孔切断支架的顶部,所述的冲孔连接块的顶部连接冲孔气缸,冲孔连接块的底部连接冲孔压杆,所述的冲孔压杆的底部设置有冲孔压杆头;所述的切断模块包括切断气缸、切断连接块和切断压杆;所述的切断气缸固定设置在冲孔切断支架的顶部,且位于冲孔气缸的左侧;所述的切断连接块的顶部连接切断气缸,切断连接块的底部连接切断压杆,所述的切断压杆底部设置有切断压杆头;所述的冲孔切断支架的下部设置有冲孔切断固定块,冲孔压杆和切断压杆分别设穿过冲孔切断固定块;冲孔切断固定块下方设置有冲孔切断模具,所述的冲孔切断模具上设置有与冲孔压杆头相配合的冲孔压头孔;冲孔切断模具上还设置有与切断压杆头相配合的切断压头孔;冲孔切断模具的下方设置有冲孔切断底盘,所述的冲孔切断底盘上设置有与冲孔压头孔对应的冲孔落料通道,冲孔切断底盘设置还有与切断压头孔对应的切断落料通道;所述的冲孔切断底盘固定设在固定架上;固定架上设置有落料通孔,且固定架的下方设置有落料通道。As preferably, the punching and cutting device includes a fixed frame, a punching and cutting bracket, a clamping module, a punching module and a cutting module, the fixed frame is fixedly arranged on the frame, and the feeding end of the fixed frame is connected to the outlet of the first conveying device. The end of the material is fixedly connected, and the discharge end of the fixed frame is fixedly connected with the feed end of the second conveying device; the clamping module includes a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly; the first clamping assembly It is arranged on the left part of the fixed frame, and the second clamping assembly is arranged on the right part of the fixed frame, and both the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly include a clamping cylinder, a clamping push rod, a clamping moving rod and a clamping Tight block; both sides of the bottom of the fixed frame are provided with stepped grooves, the stepped grooves are matched with the stepped blocks on the top of the clamping push rod, and the bottom of the clamping push rod is connected with the clamping cylinder connection; the clamping moving rod is fixedly arranged on the clamping cylinder, and the clamping moving rod passes through the fixed frame, the top of the clamping moving rod is connected to the clamping block, the clamping block is T-shaped, and the clamping block on the clamping block The middle rod is set in the middle of the groove of the profile; the clamping cylinder drives the clamping block to clamp the profile through the clamping moving rod; the punching and cutting bracket is set on the top of the fixing frame, and the punching module includes a punching Cylinder, punching connection block and punching pressure rod; the punching cylinder is fixedly arranged on the top of the punching and cutting bracket, the top of the punching connection block is connected to the punching cylinder, and the bottom of the punching connection block is connected to the punching cylinder. Hole pressing rod, the bottom of the punching pressing rod is provided with a punching pressing rod head; the described cutting module includes a cutting cylinder, a cutting connection block and a cutting pressing rod; the described cutting cylinder is fixedly arranged on the punching and cutting bracket and is located on the left side of the punching cylinder; the top of the cut-off connection block is connected to the cut-off cylinder, the bottom of the cut-off connection block is connected to the cut-off pressure rod, and the bottom of the cut-off pressure rod is provided with a cut-off pressure rod head; The lower part of the punching and cutting bracket is provided with a punching and cutting fixing block, and the punching pressure bar and the cutting pressure bar are respectively arranged to pass through the punching and cutting fixing blocks; The hole cutting die is provided with a punching head hole matched with the punching rod head; the punching cutting die is also provided with a cutting head hole matched with the cutting rod head; The punching and cutting chassis, the punching and cutting chassis is provided with a punching and blanking channel corresponding to the punching head hole, and the punching and cutting chassis is provided with a cutting and blanking channel corresponding to the cutting head hole; The punching and cutting chassis is fixed on the fixed frame; the fixed frame is provided with a blanking through hole, and the bottom of the fixed frame is provided with a blanking channel.
作为优选,所述的第二输送装置包括第二输送支架、第二输送电缸、第二输送滑动板、第二输送固定板、第二夹紧气缸、气缸连接板、第三夹紧气缸、第三夹紧块和第四夹紧块;第二输送支架设置在机架上,第二输送支架的进料端与冲孔切断装置的出料端相连接;所述的第二输送电缸的设置在第二输送支架的前面,所述的第二输送滑动板与第二输送电缸的移动块的固定连接,所述的第二输送固定板设置在第二输送滑动板上,所述的第二夹紧气缸设置在第二输送固定板的顶部,第二夹紧气缸的活塞杆连接气缸连接板;气缸连接板的左面通过气缸滑轨与第二输送固定板滑动连接;气缸连接板的右面与第三夹紧气缸固定连接;所述的第三夹紧气缸的底部分别连接第三夹紧块和第四夹紧块,第三夹紧块和第四夹紧块均呈T型状;且第三夹紧气缸能使第三夹紧块和第四夹紧块夹紧或松开;第三夹紧块和第四夹紧块的底面均与第二输送支架的顶面衔接;第二输送支架的后面还衔接有回收装置,第二输送支架与回收装置之间设置有回收接料板,回收接料板设置在机架,机架上位于回收接料板的下方设置有回收孔,回收接料板的顶部设置有回收倾斜板;回收装置包括第一回收底座、第二回收底座、第一回收气缸、第二回收气缸和回收连接板;第一回收底座设置在机架的左端,第一回收底座与第一回收气缸的右壁固定连接;第一回收气缸的活塞杆与回收连接板的左端底面固定连接;第二回收底座设置在机架的右端,第二回收底座与第二回收气缸的左壁固定连接;第二回收气缸的活塞杆与回收连接板的右端底面固定连接。Preferably, the second conveying device includes a second conveying bracket, a second conveying electric cylinder, a second conveying sliding plate, a second conveying fixed plate, a second clamping cylinder, a cylinder connecting plate, a third clamping cylinder, The third clamping block and the fourth clamping block; the second conveying bracket is arranged on the frame, and the feeding end of the second conveying bracket is connected with the discharging end of the punching and cutting device; the second conveying electric cylinder is arranged in front of the second conveying bracket, the second conveying sliding plate is fixedly connected with the moving block of the second conveying electric cylinder, the second conveying fixed plate is arranged on the second conveying sliding plate, and the The second clamping cylinder is set on the top of the second conveying fixed plate, and the piston rod of the second clamping cylinder is connected to the cylinder connecting plate; the left side of the cylinder connecting plate is slidingly connected with the second conveying fixing plate through the cylinder slide rail; the cylinder connecting plate The right side of the right side is fixedly connected with the third clamping cylinder; the bottom of the third clamping cylinder is respectively connected with the third clamping block and the fourth clamping block, and the third clamping block and the fourth clamping block are both T-shaped shape; and the third clamping cylinder can clamp or loosen the third clamping block and the fourth clamping block; the bottom surfaces of the third clamping block and the fourth clamping block are connected with the top surface of the second delivery bracket ; The back of the second delivery support is also connected with a recovery device, a recovery material receiving plate is arranged between the second delivery support and the recovery device, and the recovery material receiving plate is arranged on the frame, and the frame is positioned at the bottom of the recovery material receiving plate. The recovery hole, the top of the recovery material receiving plate is provided with a recovery inclined plate; the recovery device includes a first recovery base, a second recovery base, a first recovery cylinder, a second recovery cylinder and a recovery connection plate; the first recovery base is arranged on the frame The left end of the first recovery base is fixedly connected with the right wall of the first recovery cylinder; the piston rod of the first recovery cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the left end of the recovery connecting plate; the second recovery base is arranged on the right end of the frame, and the second recovery base It is fixedly connected with the left wall of the second recovery cylinder; the piston rod of the second recovery cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the right end of the recovery connecting plate.
作为优选,所述的下料推动模块包括下料支架、下料滑动块、下料滑动轴、下料电机和下料配合杆;所述的下料支架设置在机架上,所述的下料滑动块设置在下料支架上,所述的下料滑动轴设置在下料滑动块内,且下料滑动轴能在下料滑动块内来回移动,下料滑动轴的前端连接有第一滑动轴连接板,下料滑动轴的后端连接有第二滑动轴连接板,第二滑动轴连接板后面固定连接有下料推杆,下料推杆上设置有多个用于推动型材的下料推块;所述的下料电机通过下料电机固定板与下料支架的顶部固定连接,下料电机的转动轴上连接有下料导轮,所述的下料支架的顶部设置有下料凹槽,下料导轮设置在下料凹槽内,下料导轮与所述的下料配合杆相配合,下料配合杆的前端与第一滑动轴连接板中部固定连接;所述的下料配合杆的后端与第二滑动轴连接板中部固定连接;下料电机能带动下料推块移动;下料支架上还设置有下料挡板。As a preference, the blanking pushing module includes a blanking bracket, a blanking sliding block, a blanking sliding shaft, a blanking motor and a blanking matching rod; the blanking bracket is arranged on the frame, and the blanking The material sliding block is arranged on the material blanking support, and the material blanking sliding shaft is arranged in the material blanking sliding block, and the material blanking sliding shaft can move back and forth in the material blanking sliding block, and the front end of the material blanking sliding shaft is connected with the first sliding shaft. The rear end of the blanking sliding shaft is connected with a second sliding shaft connecting plate, and the rear of the second sliding shaft connecting plate is fixedly connected with a blanking push rod, which is provided with a plurality of blanking push rods for pushing profiles. block; the blanking motor is fixedly connected to the top of the blanking bracket through the blanking motor fixing plate, the rotating shaft of the blanking motor is connected with a blanking guide wheel, and the top of the blanking bracket is provided with a blanking recess Groove, the blanking guide wheel is set in the blanking groove, the blanking guide wheel is matched with the blanking matching rod, the front end of the blanking matching rod is fixedly connected with the middle part of the connecting plate of the first sliding shaft; the blanking The rear end of the matching rod is fixedly connected with the middle part of the connecting plate of the second sliding shaft; the blanking motor can drive the blanking push block to move; the blanking bracket is also provided with a blanking baffle.
作为优选,所述的成品收纳模块包括收纳移动架、收纳固定块、收纳框、收纳电机、收纳转动杆、收纳移动块;所述的收纳固定块固定设置在机架上,收纳固定块滑动设置在收纳移动架上,收纳移动架的底部设置有收纳电机支架,所述的收纳电机设置在收纳电机支架的底部,收纳电机的转动轴通过收纳联轴器与收纳转动杆连接,收纳转动杆的顶部与收纳移动架的顶部固定连接,收纳转动杆上设置有收纳移动块;收纳移动块与收纳转动杆螺纹连接,收纳移动块与收纳移动架的底部固定连接,所述的收纳框设置在收纳移动架的顶部,收纳框的两侧均设置有用于放置型材的成品收纳盒,收纳框上设置有滑动槽,成品收纳盒能在滑动槽上调节移动。Preferably, the finished product storage module includes a storage mobile frame, a storage fixed block, a storage frame, a storage motor, a storage rotating rod, and a storage moving block; the storage fixed block is fixedly arranged on the frame, and the storage fixed block is slid On the storage mobile frame, the bottom of the storage mobile frame is provided with a storage motor bracket. The top is fixedly connected with the top of the storage mobile frame, and the storage rotating rod is provided with a storage moving block; The top of the mobile frame and both sides of the storage frame are provided with finished product storage boxes for placing profiles. The storage frame is provided with sliding grooves, and the finished product storage boxes can be adjusted and moved on the sliding grooves.
作为优选,所述的第一输送装置和第二输送装置上均连接有用于减少摩擦的移动拖链;所述的上料装置、第一输送装置、第二输送装置和下料装置均设置有限位传感器,该机床还设置有数控控制面板。As preferably, the first conveying device and the second conveying device are all connected with moving drag chains for reducing friction; position sensor, the machine tool is also equipped with a CNC control panel.
一种用于型材加工的数控机床的加工方法,通过自动上料机械手将型材自动上料,上料装置将型材由上料物料架内输送至第一输送装置上,通过第一输送气缸将型材输送至冲压切割装置上,通过夹紧模块进行压紧固定,先通过冲孔模块冲孔,再通过切割模块切割。加工完成后通过第二输送装置进行输送,下料推动模块将合格的成品由第二输送装置上推入成品收纳模块内,不合格的成品通过回收装置回收处理。成品收纳模块将成品型材收集,通过自动下料机械手下料。A processing method for a CNC machine tool used for profile processing. The profile is automatically loaded by an automatic feeding manipulator, and the profile is transported from the loading material rack to the first conveying device by the feeding device, and the profile is transported by the first transport cylinder. It is transported to the stamping and cutting device, pressed and fixed by the clamping module, punched by the punching module first, and then cut by the cutting module. After the processing is completed, it is conveyed by the second conveying device, and the unqualified finished product is pushed from the second conveying device into the finished product storage module by the unloading push module, and the unqualified finished product is recovered and processed by the recycling device. The finished product storage module collects the finished profiles and unloads them through the automatic unloading manipulator.
与现有技术相比较,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1)通过将冲孔和切断同时进行,减小人工和设备输送。(1) By performing punching and cutting at the same time, labor and equipment transportation are reduced.
(2)通过设置夹紧模块,能够确保冲孔和切断过程中的稳定性。(2) By setting the clamping module, the stability during punching and cutting can be ensured.
(3)通过设置回收装置,将不合格的产品进行回收处理,提高产品质量。(3) By setting up recycling devices, unqualified products are recycled to improve product quality.
(4)通过成品收纳盒能够调节位置,根据型材的需求能加工不同长度的。(4) The position can be adjusted through the finished product storage box, and different lengths can be processed according to the requirements of the profile.
(5)通过自动化生产设备,减少人力成本和其他多余设备的成本,提高生产效率。(5) Through the automation of production equipment, the cost of labor and other redundant equipment can be reduced, and the production efficiency can be improved.
(6)通过机械手自动上下料,节省人工搬运和手动上下料的劳动力,并且提高生产效率。(6) Automatic loading and unloading by manipulators saves the labor of manual handling and manual loading and unloading, and improves production efficiency.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2为上料装置的结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the feeding device.
图3为第一输送装置的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first conveying device.
图4为冲压切割装置的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a punching and cutting device.
图5为第二输送装置的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the second conveying device.
图6为下料推动模块的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the unloading push module.
图7为成品收纳模块的结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a finished product storage module.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明更明显易懂,配合附图作详细说明如下。In order to make the present invention more obvious and understandable, the detailed description is as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示,一种用于型材加工的数控机床,该机床包括机架1、上料装置2、第一输送装置3、冲孔切割装置4、第二输送装置5、下料装置6、回收装置7、自动上料机械手12和自动下料机械手13。上料装置2、第一输送装置3、冲孔切割装置4、第二输送装置5、下料装置6、回收装置7、自动上料机械手12和自动下料机械手13均设置在机架1上,自动上料机械手12用于将型材两侧夹紧并搬运至上料装置2内;上料装置2的出料端与第一输送装置3的进料端相衔接,上料装置2用于将型材输送至第一输送装置3,第一输送装置3的出料端与冲孔切割装置4的进料端连接,冲孔切割装置4用于型材冲孔和切割。冲孔切割装置4的出料端与第二输送装置5的进料端连接。第二输送装置5用于将加工完成的型材进行输送。下料装置6包括下料推动模块61和成品收纳模块62,下料推动模块61设置在第二输送装置5的一侧,成品收纳模块62设置在第二输送装置62的另一侧,通过下料推动模块61将型材成品推入成品收纳模块62内;自动下料机械手13用于将型材两侧夹紧从成品收纳模块62搬运下料。回收装置7设置在第二输送装置5和成品收纳模块62之间。回收装置7用于将不合格型材回收。上料装置2、第一输送装置3、第二输送装置5和下料装置6均设置有限位传感器10。该机床还设置有数控控制面板11,实现自动化加工。As shown in Figure 1, a CNC machine tool for profile processing, the machine tool includes a
如图1和图2所示,自动上料机械手12设置在上料装置2的后面,通过自动上料机械手12将型材的两侧夹紧并输送至上料物料架21中的上料间隔211内,通过自动上料机械手12能够一边进料一边上料或先上完料再进料的方式,实现自动化。这样能够节省人工搬运以及手动上下料的时间,提高效率。上料装置2包括上料物料架21、物料架移动组件22和上料推动组件23,上料物料架21上设置有多个放置型材的上料间隔211,上料物料架21的底部与物料架移动组件22相配合,物料架移动组件22包括多根上料支撑架221、转动杆支架222、上料电机223和上料支撑板224。转动杆支架222设置在机架1上。转动杆支架222包括电机转动杆2221、第一转动杆底座2222和第二转动杆底座2223。电机转动杆2221的前部与第一转动杆2222底座通过第一轴承连接。电机转动杆2221的后部与第二转动杆底座2223通过第二轴承连接。电机转动杆2221的一端与上料电机223通过上料联轴器连接。上料电机223通过上料电机支架2231设置在机架1上。电机转动杆2221上设置有电机移动块2224。电机移动块2224与上料支撑板224的底面中部固定连接。多根上料支撑架221平行设置在机架1上,且多根上料支撑架221位于转动杆支架222的两侧。每根上料支撑架221均包括上料转动杆2211、第一上料底座2212和第二上料底座2213,上料转动杆2211的前端与第一上料底座2212连接,上料转动杆2211的后端与第二上料底座2213连接。每根上料转动杆2211上均设置有第一上料移动块2214和第二上料移动块2215,且上料转动杆2211分别有第一上料移动块2214和第二上料移动块2215滑动连接,上料支撑板224的底部前端与每个第一上料移动块2214固定连接,上料支撑板224的底部后端与每个第二上料移动块2215固定连接。上料物料架21设在上料支撑板224上。上料电机223能带动上料物料架21前后移动。上料物料架21进料端底部设置有多个与上料推动组件22相配合的推动凹槽212,上料物料架21出料端底部设置有用于型材推出的推动出口,上料推动组件23上料推动组件23包括上料推动支架231,上料推动滑轨232、上料推动气缸233、上料推动连接板234和上料推块235。上料推动支架231设置在机架1上,且上料推动支架231位于上料物料架21的进料端下方,上料推动气缸233设置在上料推动支架231上,上料推动气缸233的活塞杆与上料推动连接板234固定连接,上料推动连接板234的底面通过上料推动滑轨232与上料推动支架231滑动连接,上料推块235设置在上料推动连接板234的顶面,上料推块235呈阶梯状,且上料推块235的顶部与推动凹槽212相配合。上料推动组件23能将上料物料架21内的型材由推动出口推出。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the
工作时,自动上料机械手12将需要加工的型材放入上料间隔211内,通过上料电机223旋转带动电机转动杆2221旋转,从而使电机转动杆2221上的电机移动块2224前后移动,电机移动块2224带动整个上料物料架21前后移动,使上料物料架21的推动出口与第一输送装置2的进料端衔接。然后通过上料推动气缸233带动上料推块235将最底下的型材由推动出口推出到第一输送装置3上,推完一层之后,通过上料物料架21的移动,将第二个推料出口与第一输送装置3限制,通过上料推动气缸233继续推出,依次类推,将整个型材输送出去。During work, the
该装置能够解决型材输送卡顿以及工人频繁上料的问题,通过机械手自动上料,节省人工搬运和手动上下料的劳动力,并且提高生产效率。通过设置多个上料间隔211,能够一次性放置大量需要加工型材,通过电机和气缸的配合,持续将型材输送至第一输送装置3上。The device can solve the problems of profile conveying jams and frequent loading by workers, and automatically loads materials through manipulators, saving labor in manual handling and manual loading and unloading, and improving production efficiency. By setting a plurality of feeding
如图1和图3所示,第一输送装置3包括第一输送支架31、第一输送电缸32、第一输送滑动板33、第一输送固定板34,第一夹紧气缸35、第一夹紧块36和第二夹紧块37。第一输送支架31的进料端与上料装置2的出料端相衔接,第一输送支架31的出料端与冲孔切割装置4的进料端相衔接,第一输送电缸32的设置在第一输送支架31的后面,第一输送滑动板33与第一输送电缸32的移动块的固定连接,第一输送固定板34设置在第一输送滑动板33上,第一夹紧气缸35设置在第一输送固定板34的顶部,第一夹紧气缸35的底部分别连接第一夹紧块36和第二夹紧块37,第一夹紧块36和第二夹紧块37均呈T型状,且第一夹紧气缸35能使第一夹紧块36和第二夹紧块37夹紧或松开。第一夹紧块36和第二夹紧块37的底面均与第一输送支架31的顶面衔接。第一输送装置3连接有用于减少摩擦的移动拖链9。As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the first conveying
工作时,型材由上料装置2输送出来并将型材输送至第一输送支架31上,通过第一夹紧气缸35使第一夹紧块36和第二夹紧块37将型材夹紧,通过第一输送电缸32带动第一夹紧气缸35将型材平稳的输送到冲孔切割装置4上。When working, the profile is conveyed by the
该装置能够解决输送时不稳定以及输送时型材倾斜或翻转的问题。通过第一夹紧块36和第二夹紧块37能够稳定的将型材夹紧,通过第一输送电缸32能够稳定的将型材输送。并且设置有移动拖链9能够减小输送的摩擦,增加使用寿命。The device can solve the problems of instability during conveying and profile tilting or overturning during conveying. The profile can be stably clamped by the
如图1和图4所示,冲孔切断装置4包括固定架41、冲孔切断支架42、夹紧模块、冲孔模块和切断模块,固定架41固定设置在机架1上,固定架41的进料端部与第一输送装置3的出料端部固定连接,固定架41的出料端部与第二输送装置5的进料端部固定连接。夹紧模块包括第一夹紧组件431和第二夹紧组件432。第一夹紧组件431设置在固定架41的左部,第二夹紧组件432设置在固定架41的右部,且第一夹紧组件431和第二夹紧组件432均包括夹紧气缸4311、夹紧推杆4312、夹紧移动杆4313和夹紧块4314。固定架41底部两侧均设置有阶梯槽411,阶梯槽411与夹紧推杆4312顶部的阶梯块43121相配合,夹紧推杆4312的底部与夹紧气缸4311连接。夹紧移动杆4313固定设置在夹紧气缸4311上,且夹紧移动杆4313穿过固定架41,夹紧移动杆4313的顶部连接夹紧块4314,夹紧块4314呈T字形状,且夹紧块4314的中间杆设置在型材的凹槽中部。夹紧气缸4311通过夹紧移动杆4313带动夹紧块4314将型材夹紧。冲孔切断支架42设置在固定架41的顶部,冲孔模块包括冲孔气缸441、冲孔连接块442和冲孔压杆443。冲孔气缸441固定设置在冲孔切断支架42的顶部,冲孔连接块442的顶部连接冲孔气缸441,冲孔连接块442的底部连接冲孔压杆443,冲孔压杆443的底部设置有呈M型状的冲孔压杆头4431。切断模块包括切断气缸451、切断连接块452和切断压杆453。切断气缸451固定设置在冲孔切断支架42的顶部,且位于冲孔气缸441的左侧。切断连接块452的顶部连接切断气缸451,切断连接块452的底部连接切断压杆453,切断压杆453底部设置有V型状的切断压杆头4531。冲孔切断支架42的下部设置有冲孔切断固定块46,冲孔压杆443和切断压杆453分别设穿过冲孔切断固定块46。冲孔切断固定块46下方设置有冲孔切断模具47,冲孔切断模具47上设置有与冲孔压杆头4431相配合的冲孔压头孔471。冲孔切断模具47上还设置有与切断压杆头4531相配合的切断压头孔472。冲孔切断模具47的下方设置有冲孔切断底盘48,冲孔切断底盘48上设置有与冲孔压头孔471对应的冲孔落料通道,冲孔切断底盘48设置还有与切断压头孔472对应的切断落料通道。冲孔切断底盘48固定设在固定架41上。固定架41上设置有落料通孔412,且固定架41的下方设置有落料通道413。As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the punching and cutting
工作时,将型材由第一输送装置3输送至指定的冲孔位置,通过第一夹紧组件431和第二夹紧组件432将型材的左右两端同时夹紧固定,由夹紧气缸4311带动夹紧推杆4312上升,由于阶梯块43121限制在阶梯槽411内,从而使夹紧移动杆4313有个向下的压力,从而使夹紧块4314下压,将型材压紧固定,防止型材滑动,通过冲孔气缸441带动冲孔连接块442使冲孔压杆443下压,将型材进行冲孔,冲孔的废料由落料通道413下落回收,将压紧块4314上升,通过第一输送装置3继续输送,输送至指定的切断位置,将压紧块4314通过同样的方式进行压紧,通过切断气缸451带动切断连接块452使切断压杆453下压,将型材进行切断,切断的废料也由落料通道413下料回收。加工完由第二输送装置5进行输送。When working, the profile is transported to the designated punching position by the first conveying
该装置能够解决冲孔和切断分开进行的问题以及冲孔切断过程中固定不牢导致的冲孔切割不稳定的问题。通过夹紧模块能够稳定的将型材固定,通过先冲孔后切割的方式进行加工,节省人工和其他设备运输的成本,并且提高生产效率。The device can solve the problem of separate punching and cutting and the problem of unstable punching and cutting caused by loose fixation during the punching and cutting process. The profile can be stably fixed by the clamping module, and processed by punching first and then cutting, which saves the cost of labor and other equipment transportation, and improves production efficiency.
如图1和图5所示,第二输送装置5包括第二输送支架51、第二输送电缸52、第二输送滑动板53、第二输送固定板54、第二夹紧气缸55、气缸连接板56、第三夹紧气缸57、第三夹紧块58和第四夹紧块59。第二输送支架51设置在机架1上,第二输送支架51的进料端与冲孔切断装置4的出料端相连接。第二输送电缸52的设置在第二输送支架51的前面,第二输送滑动板53与第二输送电缸52的移动块的固定连接,第二输送固定板54设置在第二输送滑动板53上,第二夹紧气缸55设置在第二输送固定板54的顶部,第二夹紧气缸55的活塞杆连接气缸连接板56。气缸连接板56的左面通过气缸滑轨与第二输送固定板54滑动连接。气缸连接板56的右面与第三夹紧气缸57固定连接。第三夹紧气缸57的底部分别连接第三夹紧块58和第四夹紧块59,第三夹紧块58和第四夹紧块59均呈T型状。且第三夹紧气缸57能使第三夹紧块58和第四夹紧块59夹紧或松开。第三夹紧块58和第四夹紧块59的底面均与第二输送支架51的顶面衔接。第二输送装置5上连接有用于减少摩擦的移动拖链9。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, the second conveying
工作时,加工完的型材由第二夹紧气缸55通过气缸连接板56使第三夹紧气缸57来回移动选择好最佳的位置,通过第三夹紧气缸57使第三夹紧块58和第四夹紧块59将加工完的型材夹紧,并通过第二输送电缸52将型材进行输送到下料推动模块61的推动位置。During work, the processed profile is moved back and forth by the
该装置能够解决输送时不稳定以及输送时型材倾斜或翻转的问题。通过第三夹紧块57和第四夹紧块58能够稳定的将型材夹紧,通过第二输送电缸52能够稳定的将型材输送。并且设置有移动拖链9能够减小输送的摩擦,增加使用寿命。The device can solve the problems of instability during conveying and profile tilting or overturning during conveying. The profile can be stably clamped by the
如图1和图6所示,下料推动模块61包括下料支架611、下料滑动块612、下料滑动轴613、下料电机617和下料配合杆619。下料支架611设置在机架1上,下料滑动块612设置在下料支架611上,下料滑动轴613设置在下料滑动块612内,且下料滑动轴613能在下料滑动块612内来回移动,下料滑动轴613的前端连接有第一滑动轴连接板614,下料滑动轴613的后端连接有第二滑动轴连接板615,第二滑动轴连接板615后面固定连接有下料推杆616,下料推杆616上设置有多个用于推动型材的下料推块6161。下料电机617通过下料电机固定板6171与下料支架611的顶部固定连接,下料电机617的转动轴上连接有下料导轮618,下料支架611的顶部设置有下料凹槽6111,下料导轮618设置在下料凹槽6111内,下料导轮611与下料配合杆619相配合,下料配合杆619的前端与第一滑动轴连接板614中部固定连接。下料配合杆619的后端与第二滑动轴连接板615中部固定连接。下料电机617能带动下料推块6161移动。下料支架611上还设置有下料挡板6112。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 , the blanking pushing
工作时,通过下料电机617旋转带动下料导轮618旋转,下料导轮618与下料配合杆619配合能够带动下料推杆616前后移动,下料推杆616能够带动下料推块6161前后移动,从而使下料推块6161将第二输送支架51上的完成的型材推入到成品收纳模块62内。During work, the rotation of the blanking
该装置能够解决成品输送不稳定以及成品输送过程中位置对不准或倾斜推料的问题。通过设置多个下料推块6161以及限位传感器器10,能够使完成的型材平稳的推入成品收纳模块62内进行下料,防止出现倾斜推料卡住输送通道或输送位置对不准的问题。The device can solve the problem of unstable delivery of finished products and inaccurate position or inclined pushing during the delivery of finished products. By setting a plurality of blanking
如图1和图5所示,第二输送支架51与回收装置7之间设置有回收接料板8,回收接料板8设置在机架1,机架1上位于回收接料板8的下方设置有回收孔,回收接料板8的顶部设置有回收倾斜板81。回收装置7包括第一回收底座71、第二回收底座72、第一回收气缸73、第二回收气缸74和回收连接板75。第一回收底座71设置在机架1的左端,第一回收底座71与第一回收气缸73的右壁固定连接。第一回收气缸73的活塞杆与回收连接板75的左端底面固定连接。第二回收底座72设置在机架1的右端,第二回收底座72与第二回收气缸74的左壁固定连接。第二回收气缸74的活塞杆与回收连接板75的右端底面固定连接。As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, between the second conveying
工作时,如果产品不合格,回收连接板75通过第一回收气缸73和第二回收气缸74下降,使第二输送支架51与回收连接板75高度不一致,从而使型材通过回收倾斜板81导入到回收孔内进行回收处理。During work, if the product is unqualified, the
该装置能够解决不合格的型材无法回收的问题。通过回收装置7能够解决不合格产品的回收,提高产品的质量。The device can solve the problem that unqualified profiles cannot be recycled. The
如图1和图7所示,成品收纳模块62包括收纳移动架621、收纳固定块622、收纳框623、收纳电机624、收纳转动杆625、收纳移动块626。收纳固定块622固定设置在机架1上,收纳固定块622滑动设置在收纳移动架621上,收纳移动架621的底部设置有收纳电机支架6241,收纳电机624设置在收纳电机支架6241的底部,收纳电机624的转动轴通过收纳联轴器6242与收纳转动杆625连接,收纳转动杆625的顶部与收纳移动架621的顶部固定连接,收纳转动杆625上设置有收纳移动块626。收纳移动块626与收纳转动杆625螺纹连接,收纳移动块626与收纳移动架621的底部固定连接,收纳框623设置在收纳移动架621的顶部,收纳框623的两侧均设置有用于放置型材的成品收纳盒6231,收纳框623上设置有滑动槽6232,成品收纳盒6231能在滑动槽6232上调节移动。自动下料机械手13设置在成品收纳模块62的左侧,自动下料机械手13通过将加工完的型材两侧夹紧,向前移出成品收纳盒6231后在旋转,将加工完的型材输送至下一加工处。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7 , the finished
工作时,通过收纳电机624旋转带动收纳转动杆625旋转,从而使收纳移动块626上下移动,收纳移动块626带动收纳移动架621上下移动,最终使收纳框623移动到与回收连接板75平行的位置,通过下料推块6161将成品的型材推入到成品收纳盒6231内,通过自动下料机械手13将加工好的型材夹紧并从成品收纳盒6231内取出完成下料,再将完成下料的型材输送至下一加工处,通过机械手自动下料,节省人工搬运和手动上下料的劳动力,并且提高生产效率。During work, the rotation of the
该装置能够解决成品的型材人工输送整理的问题以及能够解决不同型号同时使用的问题。通过收纳框623能够上下移动能够将大量的成品放入到成品收纳盒6231内,成品收纳盒6231上有多层收纳槽,能够整齐的将成品收纳,并且成品收纳盒6231能够左右调节,可以适应不同长度的型材。无需通过其他设备进行制定型号的加工。The device can solve the problem of manual conveying and sorting of finished profiles and the problem of using different models at the same time. A large amount of finished products can be put into the finished
整个装置工作时,通过自动上料机械手12将型材自动上料,上料装置2将型材由上料物料架21内输送至第一输送装置上,通过第一输送气缸35将型材输送至冲压切割装置4上,通过夹紧模块进行压紧固定,先通过冲孔模块冲孔,再通过切割模块切割。加工完成后通过第二输送装置5进行输送,下料推动模块61将合格的成品由第二输送装置5上推入成品收纳模块62内,不合格的成品通过回收装置7回收处理。成品收纳模块62将成品型材收集,通过自动下料机械手13下料。When the whole device is working, the profile is automatically loaded by the
综上所述,通过将冲孔和切断同时进行,减小人工和设备输送。通过设置夹紧模块,能够确保冲孔和切断过程中的稳定性。通过设置回收装置7,将不合格的产品进行回收处理,提高产品质量。通过成品收纳盒6231能够调节位置,根据型材的需求能加工不同长度的。通过自动化生产设备,减少人力成本和其他多余设备的成本,提高生产效率。通过机械手自动上下料,节省人工搬运和手动上下料的劳动力,并且提高生产效率。To sum up, by performing punching and cutting at the same time, labor and equipment transportation are reduced. By setting the clamping module, the stability during punching and cutting can be ensured. By setting the
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