CN109802202A - A kind of electrochemical appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of electrochemical appliances, including electrochemistry region, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel, the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,.Electrochemical appliance disclosed in this invention will terminate traditional chemical energy electric energy conversion electrochemical appliance with the history for existing for necessary condition of electrolyte (such as proton exchange membrane and solid oxide electrolyte etc.), this kind of device that terminates also can not be used securely and reliably to the history of oxidant reduction agent composition, industrialization for the chemical energy electric energy conversion electrochemical appliance of efficient, long-life, low cost provides new approach, and will redefine engine.

Description

A kind of electrochemical appliance

Technical field

The present invention relates to electricity field, electrochemical field more particularly to a kind of electrochemical appliances.

Background technique

Conventional electrochemical device is required to non-electronic charged particle (such as negative oxygen ion or proton) and transmits between two electrodes, For example, it is desired to which the positive charged particle and electronics that electrochemistry region (electrode) generates are removed, or need to produce in electrochemistry region Raw electronegative non-electronic charged particle removes.Non-electronic charged particle not only consumes electric energy in the transmission of two interpolars, but also It is required to transmit non-electronic charged particle and does not transmit electronics and electrolyte (such as the hydrogen fuel cell with many particular/special requirements Proton exchange membrane, solid oxide electrolyte etc.), because of the complexity of electrolyte, manufacturing technology is unqualified always, and As the basic reason for restricting electrochemical appliance (such as fuel cell etc.) improved efficiency, life-span upgrading and cost reduction, also The problem the most serious of electrochemical appliance (such as fuel cell etc.) efficient industrialization is hindered through becoming.If one can be invented Kind, will termination tradition electrification not to remove model electrochemical device of the non-electronic charged particle as necessary condition from electrochemistry region It learns device (such as fuel cell etc.) and necessity is existed for electrolyte (such as proton exchange membrane, solid oxide electrolyte etc.) The conventional electrochemical device that terminates also cannot securely and reliably be used the history of reducing agent oxidant mixture by the history of condition, and The industrialization for converting electrochemical appliance for efficient, long-life, inexpensive chemical energy electric energy provides new approach, and will redefine Engine.Therefore, it is necessary to invent a kind of model electrochemical device.

Summary of the invention

To solve the above-mentioned problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows:

A kind of electrochemical appliance of scheme 1., including electrochemistry region, the electrochemistry region and reducing agent feed channel connect Logical setting, the electrochemistry region are connected to setting with oxidant feed channel, and the electrochemistry region includes that alternating current connects electricity Area, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting, the electrochemistry region and oxidant feed with reducing agent feed channel Channel connection setting, the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, reducing agent feed channel feed reducing agent Alternately, the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region is led for process and the process of oxidant feed channel feed oxidant Enter for the normality that works；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting, the electrochemistry region and oxidant feed with reducing agent feed channel Channel connection setting, the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, reducing agent feed channel feed reducing agent There is overlapping in process and the process of oxidant feed channel feed oxidant, the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region is led Enter for the normality that works；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting, the electrochemistry region and oxidant feed with reducing agent feed channel Channel connection setting, the electrochemistry region include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the interrupted feed reduction in reducing agent feed channel There is overlapping, the electrification school district in the feed process of the interrupted feed oxidant of the feed process of agent and oxidant feed channel It is work normality that the export of the electronics in domain, which imports,.

A kind of electrochemical appliance of scheme 2., including electrochemistry region, the electrochemistry region are arranged in the cavity, the chamber Body is connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel, and the cavity is connected to setting, the electrochemistry region packet with oxidant feed channel The area alternating current Jie electricity is included, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is connected to setting, the chamber with reducing agent feed channel Body is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel, and the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the reducing agent feed is logical The process of road feed reducing agent and the process of oxidant feed channel feed oxidant alternately, the electrochemistry region Electronics export import be work normality；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is connected to setting, the chamber with reducing agent feed channel Body is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel, and the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the reducing agent feed is logical There is overlapping, the electrochemistry region in the process of road feed reducing agent and the process of oxidant feed channel feed oxidant Electronics export import be work normality；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is connected to setting, the chamber with reducing agent feed channel Body is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel, and the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the reducing agent feed is logical There is weight in the feed process of the interrupted feed oxidant of feed process and oxidant feed channel of the interrupted feed reducing agent in road Folded, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,.

A kind of electrochemical appliance of scheme 3., including electrochemistry region, the electrochemistry region through reducing agent control switch with The connection setting of reducing agent feed channel, the electrochemistry region is connected to oxidant feed channel through oxidant control switch and sets It sets, the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting, the electrochemistry with reducing agent feed channel through reducing agent control switch Region is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel through oxidant control switch, and the electrochemistry region includes that alternating current connects electricity Area, the reducing agent control switch by control device controlled and the oxidant control switch by control device controlled realization described in The process of reducing agent feed channel feed reducing agent and the process of oxidant feed channel feed oxidant alternately, institute It is work normality that the export for stating the electronics in electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting, the electrochemistry with reducing agent feed channel through reducing agent control switch Region is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel through oxidant control switch, and the electrochemistry region includes that alternating current connects electricity Area, the reducing agent control switch by control device controlled and the oxidant control switch by control device controlled realization described in There is overlapping, institute in the process of reducing agent feed channel feed reducing agent and the process of oxidant feed channel feed oxidant It is work normality that the export for stating the electronics in electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting, the electrochemistry with reducing agent feed channel through reducing agent control switch Region is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel through oxidant control switch, and the electrochemistry region includes that alternating current connects electricity Area, the reducing agent control switch by control device controlled and the oxidant control switch by control device controlled realization described in The confession of the interrupted feed oxidant of feed process and oxidant feed channel of the interrupted feed reducing agent in reducing agent feed channel It passes through journey and there is overlapping, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting, the electrochemistry with reducing agent feed channel through reducing agent control switch Region is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel through oxidant control switch, and the electrochemistry region includes that alternating current connects electricity Area, the reducing agent control switch by control device controlled and the oxidant control switch by control device controlled realization described in Reducing agent feed channel is opened and oxidant feed channel is discontinuously opened or the reducing agent control switch is by control device Control and the oxidant control switch are controlled by control device realizes the unlatching of oxidant feed channel and the reducing agent Feed channel is discontinuously opened, and it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting and the electrochemistry through reducing agent control switch with reducing agent feed channel Region is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel, and the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control Switch is controlled by control device realizes that reducing agent feed channel is discontinuously opened, and the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region is led Enter for the normality that works；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting and the electrochemistry through oxidant control switch with oxidant feed channel Region is connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel, and the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the oxidant control Switch is controlled by control device realizes that oxidant feed channel is discontinuously opened, and the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region is led Enter for the normality that works.

A kind of electrochemical appliance of scheme 4., including electrochemistry region, the electrochemistry region are arranged in the cavity, the chamber Body is connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel through reducing agent control switch, and the cavity is supplied through oxidant control switch and oxidant Channel connection setting is sent, the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region is led Enter for the normality that works；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is logical through reducing agent control switch and reducing agent feed Road connection setting, the cavity are connected to setting, the electrochemistry region packet with oxidant feed channel through oxidant control switch Include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch is controlled by control device and the oxidant control switch is filled by control It sets and controls the process and oxidant feed channel feed oxidant for realizing reducing agent feed channel feed reducing agent Alternately, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region imports to process；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is logical through reducing agent control switch and reducing agent feed Road connection setting, the cavity are connected to setting, the electrochemistry region packet with oxidant feed channel through oxidant control switch Include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch is controlled by control device and the oxidant control switch is filled by control It sets and controls the process and oxidant feed channel feed oxidant for realizing reducing agent feed channel feed reducing agent There is overlapping in process, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is logical through reducing agent control switch and reducing agent feed Road connection setting, the cavity are connected to setting, the electrochemistry region packet with oxidant feed channel through oxidant control switch Include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch is controlled by control device and the oxidant control switch is filled by control It sets control and realizes that the feed process of the interrupted feed reducing agent in reducing agent feed channel and oxidant feed channel are interrupted There is overlapping in the feed process of feed oxidant, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is logical through reducing agent control switch and reducing agent feed Road connection setting, the cavity are connected to setting, the electrochemistry region packet with oxidant feed channel through oxidant control switch Include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch is controlled by control device and the oxidant control switch is filled by control It sets control and realizes that the reducing agent control switch is opened and the reducing agent is discontinuously opened or realized to the oxidant control switch Control switch is discontinuously opened and the oxidant control switch is opened, and it is work that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports, Normality；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is connected to setting, the chamber with reducing agent feed channel Body is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel through oxidant control switch, and the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, The oxidant control switch is controlled realization by control device and is discontinuously opened, and the export importing of the electronics in the electrochemistry region is Work normality；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is connected to setting, the chamber with oxidant feed channel Body is connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel through reducing agent control switch, and the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, The reducing agent control switch is controlled realization by control device and is discontinuously opened, and the export importing of the electronics in the electrochemistry region is Work normality.

A kind of electrochemical appliance of scheme 5., including electrochemistry region, the electrochemistry region and reducing agent and oxidant The connection setting of mixture feed channel, the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the electronics in the electrochemistry region Export import be work normality；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting, the electrochemistry with the mixture feed channel of reducing agent and oxidant Region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, mixture feed channel continuous feeding mixture, the electronics in the electrochemistry region Export import be work normality；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to setting, the electrochemistry with the mixture feed channel of reducing agent and oxidant Region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the interrupted feed mixture in mixture feed channel, the electronics in the electrochemistry region Export import be work normality.

A kind of electrochemical appliance of scheme 6., including electrochemistry region, the electrochemistry region are arranged in the cavity, the chamber Body is connected to setting with the mixture feed channel of reducing agent and oxidant, and the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, It is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is logical with the mixture feed of reducing agent and oxidant Road connection setting, the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, mixture feed channel continuous feeding mixture, It is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is logical with the mixture feed of reducing agent and oxidant Road connection setting, the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the interrupted feed mixture in mixture feed channel, It is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,.

A kind of electrochemical appliance of scheme 7., including electrochemistry region, the electrochemistry region through mixture control switch with Reducing agent is connected to setting with the mixture feed channel of oxidant, and the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, described It is work normality that the export of the electronics in electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to through mixture control switch with the mixture feed channel of reducing agent and oxidant Setting, the electrochemistry region include the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the mixture control switch is controlled by control device realizes institute Mixture feed channel continuous feeding mixture is stated, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region is connected to through mixture control switch with the mixture feed channel of reducing agent and oxidant Setting, the electrochemistry region include the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the mixture control switch is controlled by control device realizes institute The interrupted feed mixture in mixture feed channel is stated, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,.

A kind of electrochemical appliance of scheme 8., including electrochemistry region, the electrochemistry region are arranged in the cavity, the chamber Body is connected to setting with the mixture feed channel of reducing agent and oxidant through mixture control switch, and the electrochemistry region includes The area alternating current Jie electricity, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is through mixture control switch and reducing agent and oxidation The mixture feed channel of agent is connected to setting, and the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the mixture control is opened It closes to be controlled by control device and realizes that mixture feed channel continuous feeding mixture, the electronics in the electrochemistry region are led Import out is work normality；

Or, the electrochemistry region setting is in the cavity, the cavity is through mixture control switch and reducing agent and oxidation The mixture feed channel of agent is connected to setting, and the electrochemistry region includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the mixture control is opened It closes to be controlled by control device and realizes that the interrupted feed mixture in mixture feed channel, the electronics in the electrochemistry region are led Import out is work normality.

Scheme 9. on the basis of either a program, is further selectively selected the electrochemistry region in scheme 1 to 8 In the electric field with the setting of power supply electric communication or electrochemistry region setting；Or, by the electrochemistry region and capacitor, direct current Power supply, AC power source, alternating source, inductor conductor, inductance coil, charged particle pump, phase converter, reversing switch circuit, Rectifier, electric field, oscillating circuit, motor, reversible electric machine, the motor with additional rotation inertia or its two conjunction, its three Conjunction, its four conjunction, its five conjunction, its six conjunction, its seven conjunction, its eight conjunction, its nine conjunction, its ten Conjunction, its 11 conjunction, the conjunction of its ten binomial, its 13 conjunction, its 14 conjunction, its 15 conjunction electricity effect Setting.

Scheme 10. in scheme 1 to 8 on the basis of either a program, be selectively chosen make the electrochemistry region with Electric conductor has non-electronic conducting electrical relation, or, the electrochemistry region and insulation, isolation space, electrolyte, electricity are situated between At least one of matter, capacitor, plasma, ionic liquid, ionized gas, solion and electronic conduction area have non-electronic Electrical relation is connected.

For scheme 11. such as in scheme 1 to 10 on the basis of either a program, being selectively chosen makes the electrochemistry region Rotation setting.

Aforementioned schemes of the present invention further can selectively select to be inserted between the reducing agent and the oxidant Inert substance and/or dead band duration.

In the present invention, so-called " it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports, " refers to from the electricity It is to continue working process that chemical regions, which export electronics and import electronics to the electrochemistry region, i.e., electrification disclosed in this invention Device is learned in working condition, electronics is exported from the electrochemistry region and imports electronics to the electrochemistry region and held for one kind Continuous process.In other words, the electrochemistry region with alternating current corresponding and described electrochemistry region and alternating current phase It corresponds to continue working process.

In the present invention, there may be output electric energy for a certain step that the export of the electronics in the area the alternating current Jie electricity imports And/or the case where absorbing electric energy, but its summation is output electric energy.

In the present invention, the area the alternating current Jie electricity there may be output electric energy and/or absorb electric energy the case where, but its Summation is output electric energy.

In the present invention, it is negative to be selectively chosen the setting on the circuit of the electronics export importing in the electrochemistry region Load, terminal are electrically connected structure and/or setting power supply.

In the present invention, so-called " inductor conductor " refers to all externally output magnetic force energy and leading from outer absorption magnetic force energy Body.Such as transformer coil, electrical-coil, conductor bars for dynamoelectric machines etc..

In the present invention, so-called " phase converter " is the direction vector and its voltage for instigating electric current (or charged particle stream) Angled device, the circuit for example including capacitor, the circuit including inductance and including capacitor also include inductance circuit Deng.

In the present invention, the principle of electrochemical appliance disclosed in this invention is carried out as described below:

Through detailed analysis, it can be found that there is the basic logic of universality using the process of redox reaction power generation, specifically Be analyzed as follows: the process to be generated electricity using redox reaction, is exported from reducing agent by electronics, forms reducing agent cation, then By electronics derived from institute imported into reducing agent cation and oxidant coexistence make three react generate the reducing agent and The product of the oxidizing reduction reaction externally exports electric energy on the path that electronics export and electronics import.In tradition In hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, such as PEMFC, under the effect of the catalyst, hydrogen molecule is separated into proton and electronics, and proton is made to pass through matter Proton exchange enters the oxygen side with catalyst, and electronics is loaded from hydrogen side and imported into proton and what oxygen coexisted has catalyst Oxygen side, proton (H⁺), oxygen (O₂) and electronics (e^-) reaction generation water.This means that the process to be generated electricity using redox reaction With following basic logic: electronics is made into reducing agent positively ionized from reducing agent export, then by electronics imported into reducing agent just from The coexistence of son and oxidant makes reducing agent cation, oxidant and electronics three react the generation reducing agent and the oxidation The product of agent redox reaction, this overall process is external output electric energy, and the output of electric energy is leading by electronics Realization is imported out.This basic logic is it is meant that we can not be by the constraint of conventional fuel cell concrete form, as long as full The requirement of this basic logic of foot, so that it may externally export electric energy using the redox reaction of Oxidizing and Reducing Agents.And this Exactly from electrochemistry region, export electronics makes reducing agent form reducing agent cation to the basic process of the disclosed device of invention, then Make electronics imported into the electrochemistry region to coexist with oxidant and the reducing agent cation, thus make electronics and oxidant and Reducing agent cation three, which reacts, generates the product of the oxidant and the reducing agent redox reaction, and then realizes Under the premise of there is no by necessity derived from the reducing agent cation, also it is being not present other non-electronic charged particles Under the premise of derived necessity, electric energy is externally exported.

Disclosed in this invention include reducing agent, oxidant alternating action device principle it is as follows: utilize electrochemistry Region is alternately contacted with reducing agent and oxidant or is alternately contacted using reducing agent and oxidant with electrochemistry region, and reducing agent is made Positive charged particle and electronics are generated in the electrochemistry region, exports electronics from the electrochemistry region, makes electronics to described Electrochemistry region imports, and positive charged particle, the oxidant described in the electrochemistry region and electron reaction generate described go back The product that former agent and the oxidant react is imported using the export of electronics and realizes output electric energy and/or absorption electric energy, So circulation, realization continues working process, and (when importing electronics to the electrochemistry region, in some cases, electronics is in institute It states electrochemistry region and oxidant reaction generates negative charged particles C, the negative charged particles C and the positive charged particle reaction are raw At the product that the reducing agent and the oxidant react, imported using the export of electronics realize output electric energy and/or Electric energy is absorbed, is so recycled, realization continues working process).In realizing this electrochemical process, it is selectively chosen, institute It states electrochemistry region, external circuit, capacitor and reception and constitutes circuit and/or the electrochemistry region, outer for the region of electron Circuit, non-electronic charged particle vibrate area and reception and constitute circuit for the region of electron.It, can be to institute in this device It states electrochemistry region and implements electro ultrafiltration, electro ultrafiltration can control export and/or importing with strengthening electronic, thus can be effective It avoids reducing agent and oxidant from mixing and redox reaction directly occurs, improve safety, reliability and efficiency.In this device In, it can also first implement electro ultrafiltration to it before the electrochemistry region and material effect, purpose is also to avoid reducing agent Redox reaction directly occurs with oxidant mixing, improves safety, reliability and efficiency.

Disclosed in this invention include reducing agent and oxidant mixture effect device principle it is as follows: utilize electricity Chemical regions contact with the mixture of reducing agent and oxidant or make the mixture of reducing agent and oxidant to connect with electrochemistry region Touching, exports electronics from the electrochemistry region using electro ultrafiltration, and then the reducing agent is made to form positive charged particle, Xiang Suoshu Electrochemistry region imports electronics, the positive charged particle and the oxidant and electron reaction generates the reducing agent and the oxygen The reaction product of agent, next step, Xiang Suoshu electrochemistry region import electronics, lead electronics from the electrochemistry region Out, under the action of electronics imports and exports, the reducing agent and the oxidant reaction generate the reducing agent and the oxidation The reaction product of agent absorbs electric energy and/or output electric energy on the channel that electronics exports and/or imports, so recycles, realize Continuing working process, (in some cases, when importing electronics to the electrochemistry region, the oxidant and electron reaction are raw At electronics C, the positive charged particle described in the electrochemistry region and electronics C reaction generate the reducing agent and the oxidation The reaction product of agent absorbs electric energy and/or output electric energy on the channel that electronics exports and/or imports, so recycles, realize Continue working process).In realizing this electrochemical process, it is selectively chosen, the electrochemistry region, external circuit, electricity Hold and receives and constitute circuit and/or the electrochemistry region, external circuit, the vibration of non-electronic charged particle for the region of electron It swings area and receives and constitute circuit for the region of electron.In this device, to be effectively prevented from the reducing agent and described Redox reaction directly occurs for oxidant mixing, can first implement to it before the electrochemistry region and material effect Electro ultrafiltration.

Disclosed in this invention include reducing agent and oxidant the principle of device that discontinuously acts on of mixture it is as follows: remove Outside the influence discontinuously acted on, the principle of the present apparatus and the principle of the device for the mixture effect for including reducing agent and oxidant are complete It is identical, and interrupted function is that can be better protected from or eliminate reducing agent described in mixture and the oxidant in electricity Pole participates in directly carrying out the ability that redox reaction loses output electric energy in the case where (the i.e. described electrochemistry region participates in), And then the efficiency of device disclosed in this invention is improved, such as following reducing agents and oxidant mixture discontinuously act on working principle diagram It is shown, under the influence of mixture discontinuously acts on, a certain electrode may be implemented and only exist reducing agent (non-electronic charged particle removes It functions outside), and another electrode only exists the state that oxidant (except non-electronic charged particle) functions, or realizes certain The high concentration object (except non-electronic charged particle) that one electrode only exists reducing agent functions, and another electrode only exists oxidation The state that the high concentration object (except non-electronic charged particle) of agent functions, any state either among these have Conducive to the efficiency for promoting electrochemical reaction.Certainly as described above, being selectively chosen using external means (such as external electrical Stream, external electrical field etc.) control electronics export import step, promote the efficiency of electrochemical reaction.Similarly, this electrification is being realized It during, is selectively chosen, the electrochemistry region, external circuit, capacitor and reception and the region for electron are constituted Circuit and/or the electrochemistry region, external circuit, non-electronic charged particle oscillation area and reception and the region structure for electron At circuit.

In the present invention, the partial circuit working principle of the electrical return of disclosed device is to utilize non-electronic band electrochondria Sub reciprocating vibration in the electrolyte, which is realized alternation conducting and/or stood facing each other using non-electronic charged particle with electronics, realizes that alternation is led It is logical, and then interior circuit and external circuit is made to form closed circuit, realize electrochemical process.

In the present invention, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports,.

In the present invention, so-called " it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region, which imports, " refers to from the electricity It is to continue working process that chemical regions, which export electronics and import electronics to the electrochemistry region, i.e., electrification disclosed in this invention Device is learned in working condition, electronics is exported from the electrochemistry region and imports electronics to the electrochemistry region and held for one kind The continuous course of work.In other words, corresponding and described electrochemistry region and alternation are electric with alternating current in the electrochemistry region Stream is opposite to should be the process of continuing working.

In the present invention, disclosed device is that a part of electrochemical appliance is selectively chosen in specific implementation Using the electrochemistry region as an electrode, using electric conductor as another electrode, two electrode cooperatings complete chemical energy Electric energy conversion, is also selectively chosen using an electrochemistry region as an electrode, by another electrochemistry The conversion of chemical energy electric energy is completed as another electrode, two electrode cooperatings in region.

In the present invention, disclosed device is selectively chosen (to be wrapped in electrochemical appliance as half electrochemical appliance Include the device region of an electrode), it is also selectively chosen and serves as manufacture electrochemical appliance.

In the present invention, when the reducing agent and the oxidant are certain two kinds of predetermined substance, electrochemical reaction is being realized In the process, having the reaction of the third substance participation cyclicity, (so-called cyclicity reaction, which refers to, generates certain at an electrode Substance, and the reaction that this substance is consumed at another electrode), such as the reducing agent is methanol, the oxidant is When oxygen, in acid condition, water is had as the third substance and participates in cyclicity reaction, is i.e. water produces at the electrode for absorbing electronics It is raw, and be consumed at the electrode of output electronics, and under alkaline condition, hydroxyl, which is had, as the third substance participates in recycling Property reaction, hydroxyl absorb electronics electrode at generate, output electronics electrode at be consumed.Such as methanol fuel cell Electrochemical reaction process concrete condition it is as follows:

Overall reaction under alkaline condition: 2CH₃OH+3O₂+4OH^-=2CO₃ ^2-+6H₂O

Anode reaction: O₂+4e^-+2H₂O=4OH^-

Negative reaction: CH₃OH-6e^-+8OH^-=CO₃ ^2-+6H₂O

Overall reaction in acid condition: 2CH₃OH+3O₂=2CO₂+4H₂O

Anode reaction: O₂+4e^-+4H⁺=2H₂O

Negative reaction: CH₃OH-6e^-+H₂O=6H⁺+CO₂

For another example the electrochemical reaction process concrete condition of methane fuel cell is as follows:

Overall reaction under alkaline condition: CH₄+2O₂+2OH^-=CO₃ ^2-+3H₂O

Anode reaction: 2O₂+8e^-+4H₂O=8OH^-

Negative reaction: CH₄-8e^-+10OH^-=CO₃ ^2-+7H₂O

Overall reaction in acid condition: CH₄+2O₂=CO₂+2H₂O

Anode reaction: 2O₂+8e^-+8H⁺=4H₂O

Negative reaction: CH₄-8e^-+2H₂O=8H⁺+CO₂

In the present invention, according to device disclosed in this invention, substance and the effect in electrode (such as electrochemistry region) are preferential In electricity and the effect of electrode, this form may be implemented the due electrochemical process of the present invention completely, but reducing agent and oxidation Agent will appear in many cases to be existed simultaneously at same electrode (when especially with the mixture of reducing agent and oxidant), If this state is precisely that startup stage or electrode did not had in the period of electro ultrafiltration, at this moment reducing agent and oxidant can be direct The conversion process between redox reaction forfeiture and electric energy occurs, in order to avoid the generation of this state, alternative selection is pre- Electro ultrafiltration first is implemented to electrode, and it is so-called " to the region application electro ultrafiltration for participating in electrochemical reaction, so that it is anti-to participate in electrochemistry The substance answered be difficult to directly carry out redox reaction " purpose be that this.

In the present invention, under certain temperature and/or pressure, so-called electrochemistry region, which is selectively chosen, to be set as not wrapping The conductive region of catalyst is included, because it is anti-can still to carry out electrochemistry without using catalyst under certain temperature and/or pressure It answers.

In the present invention, so-called catalytic domain is selectively chosen under certain temperature and/or pressure and is set as not including urging The region of agent, because high temperature and pressure is also a kind of catalytic process for promoting reaction.

It in the present invention, is selectively chosen and electro ultrafiltration is applied to the electrochemistry region, to realize to the electrochemistry Reducing agent and oxygen is reduced or avoided prior to the interaction between substance and the electrochemistry region in the electro ultrafiltration in region Agent directly carries out the case where redox reaction loses output electric energy.

In the present invention, so that charged particle is stored in the means in electrochemistry region as realizing, be selectively chosen and pass through The alternating of the contact of two kinds of metabolies and electric current that make electrochemistry region and participation electrochemical reaction changes to realize, also optional Select to selecting property to make that two kinds of substances for participating in electrochemical reaction alternately contacts with electrochemistry region and the alternating of electric current changes It realizes, however the conducting of the non-electronic charged particle between two electrodes of electrochemical reaction (such as electrochemistry region and electric conductor) May or may not then exist.

In the present invention, charged particle is set to be stored in the means in electrochemistry region as realizing, being selectively chosen makes electricity The mixture contact of two kinds of substances of chemical regions and participation electrochemical reaction and the alternating of electric current change to realize, may be selected Property select to make electrochemistry region and participate in the mixture makes discontinuous contact of two kinds of substances of electrochemical reaction and the alternating of electric current Variation is to realize, however the non-electronic charged particle between two electrodes of electrochemical reaction (such as electrochemistry region and electric conductor) Conducting may or may not then exist.

In the present invention, it is that the Q generated at P is instigated to be stored in institute that the so-called Q for making the generation at P, which is stored at the P, The electrode zone represented at P is stated, including the Q to be unnecessarily transmitted to the electrode zone polarity with representative at the P The process of opposite electrode zone.

In the present invention, in realizing the chemical energy device for converting electric energy, need for certain charged particle to be stored in a certain It is waited in region and participates in reaction in the next step, it is to instigate to produce at P that the so-called Q for making the generation at P, which is stored at the P, Raw Q is stored in the electrode zone represented at the P, including being unnecessarily transmitted to the Q and representative at the P The process of the opposite polarity electrode zone of electrode zone.

In the present invention, the reducing agent used in the electrochemical appliance and oxidant are with the reducing agent and the oxidation In the presence of the form of the mixture of agent, rubbing with the reducing agent and the oxidant further can be selectively selected You exist than the form of mixture, or to deposit in the form of the mixture of the explosion limit reducing agent below and the oxidant , or to exist in the form of the mixture of the local explosion limit reducing agent below and the oxidant, or with pole of exploding The form of the mixture of above reducing agent of limit and the oxidant exists, or with described in more than local explosion limit also The form of the mixture of former agent and the oxidant exists.

In the present invention, the mixture of so-called reducing agent and oxidant further can selectively select to be set as reducing agent and Molar mixture, the explosion limit reducing agent below and the mixture of oxidant, local explosion limit of oxidant are below It is more than the mixture of more than mixture of reducing agent and oxidant, explosion limit reducing agent and oxidant or local explosion limit Reducing agent and oxidant mixture.

In the present invention, so-called molar mixture refers to that the molar concentration rate of mixture is positive and negative in chemical reaction molar ratio Mixture within 10%.

In the present invention, the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region imports the electronics referred to do not include during being electrically separated Appearance and accumulation.

In the present invention, the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region is imported to continue working process.

In the present invention, electrochemistry region state corresponding with alternating electromotive force and alternating current is to continue working Journey.

The electrochemical appliance disclosed in this invention is corresponding with alternating electromotive force and alternating current, i.e. electrochemistry region It is corresponding with alternating electromotive force and alternating current.

In the present invention, relationship is connected for the electricity that non-electronic charged particle is formed, is selectively chosen through non-electronic Relationship is connected in the direct electricity that charged particle is formed, and relationship, warp is connected in the electricity formed through non-electronic charged particle reciprocating vibration One of electricity conducting relationship that capacitance relation is formed, secondly conjunction or thirdly conjunction.

In the present invention, relationship is connected for the electricity that non-electronic charged particle is formed, is selectively chosen including through exhausted The electrical relation that alternating current can be made to be connected of edge body, dielectric and the conducting body isolation of non-electronic charged particle.

In the present invention, in the device between two electrodes (such as electrochemistry region and electric conductor) there are electrolyte, it may be selected Selecting to property, which makes non-electronic charged particle both, can pass through electrolyte, reach another electrode from an electrode, can also be in electrolyte Middle reciprocating vibration realizes the effect of alternating current conducting.

In the present invention, electrochemistry region corresponding with alternating electromotive force and alternating current is essence feature of the invention, In the present invention, two kinds of substances due to participating in electrochemical reaction exist with same electrochemistry region to be contacted, and electrochemistry region Corresponding with alternating electromotive force and alternating current, i.e., the electromotive force in the electrochemistry region in the present invention is alternating electromotive force, is absorbed And/or the electric current of output electric energy is alternating current, and this is through the lasting sex work normality of whole work process, it is this to hold Continuous sex work normality eliminates the necessity of non-electronic charged particle transmission between two electrodes, therefore no matter makes to be in electricity between two electrodes Sub- state of isolation, non-electronic charged particle state of isolation have the shape for the electrolyte that non-electronic charged particle is connected between two electrodes State is in other states, as long as can be realized the Oscillating flow of electronics, can work normally.There is electricity between two electrodes In the device for solving matter, non-electronic charged particle can both pass through electrolyte, reach another electrode from an electrode, can also be electrolysed Reciprocating vibration realizes the effect of alternating current conducting in matter.This provides brand-new approach for the manufacture and use of fuel cell.

In the present invention, the alternation of electric current and substance replace and the effect of the alternation and mixture of substances of electric current is formed by Alternation process is a kind of lasting course of work, is a kind of work normality, and its purpose is to eliminate non-electronic band Charged particle two interelectrode transmitting necessity, to promote the science that chemical energy exchanges the electrochemical appliance of electric energy for, in turn Promote service life, reliability, low cost and the efficiency of electrochemical appliance corresponding with device disclosed in this invention.This electricity The purpose of principle and purpose of chemical devices and conventional fuel cell are catalyst regeneration is temporary to exchange Oxidizing and Reducing Agents Feed channel, which forms the principle of temporary electrode change in polarity and purpose, has essential distinction, also and to prevent, weaken and remove The principle and purpose of the frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis of electrode attachment have essential distinction.

In the present invention, from a certain region export electronic processes duration with to this region import electronic processes duration it Than between 1/6 and 6, between 1/5 and 5, between 1/4 and 4, between 1/3 and 3, between 1/2.5 and 2.5,1/2 And between 2, between 1/1.5 and 1.5, between 1/1.3 and 1.3, between 1/1.2 and 1.2 or 1/1.1 and 1.1 it Between, or it is equal with the duration of electronic processes is imported to this region from the duration of a certain region export electronic processes.

In the present invention, during the export of electronics imports, electro ultrafiltration can be used；Or, the export in electronics imports During, it is selectively chosen using capacitor, DC power supply, AC power source, alternating source, inductor conductor, inductor wire Circle, motor, reversible electric machine, has charged particle pump, phase converter, reversing switch circuit, rectifier, electric field, oscillating circuit The motor of additional rotation inertia or its two conjunction, its three conjunction, its four conjunction, its five conjunction, its six conjunction, its Seven conjunctions, its eight conjunction, its nine conjunction, its ten conjunction, its 11 conjunction, the conjunction of its ten binomial, its 13 Conjunction, its 14 conjunction, its 15 conjunction.

In the present invention, during exporting electric energy and/or absorbing electric energy, selectively selection uses electro ultrafiltration；Or, During exporting electric energy and/or absorbing electric energy, selectively selection uses capacitor, DC power supply, AC power source, alternation electricity Source, inductor conductor, inductance coil, charged particle pump, phase converter, reversing switch circuit, rectifier, electric field, oscillating circuit, Motor, reversible electric machine, the motor with additional rotation inertia or its two conjunction, its three conjunction, its four conjunction, its five Conjunction, its six conjunction, its seven conjunction, its eight conjunction, its nine conjunction, its ten conjunction, its 11 conjunction, its ten The conjunction of binomial, its 13 conjunction, its 14 conjunction, its 15 conjunction.

In the present invention, the purpose of so-called " during exporting electric energy and/or absorbing electric energy, using electro ultrafiltration " is benefit The process of output electric energy is controlled or strengthened with electro ultrafiltration and/or absorbs the process of electric energy, in this way can with the efficiency of lifting process and Safety, such as an electrochemical process may take a long time to complete, but if can be made using electric process The reaction rate of the slower procedure segment of electrochemical reaction rates is promoted, and then is improved efficiency.

In the present invention, so-called electro ultrafiltration, which refers to, brings it about displacement and/or stream to electronics application using electric field, electric current etc. Dynamic effect.

In the present invention, it is more big more be conducive to electrochemistry that capacitance is formed by between the electrochemistry region and the electric conductor The promotion of reaction density, therefore when being electrochemically reacted using device disclosed in this invention, the electrochemical school district should be made Capacitance between domain and the electric conductor increases as much as possible.

It, can be in the electrochemistry in order to increase the capacitance between the electrochemistry region and the electric conductor in the present invention Plasma, ionic liquid, ionized gas or solion are set between region and the electric conductor, and make ion in the electricity It is vibrated between chemical regions and the electric conductor, and/or in electrochemistry areas adjacent oscillation and near the electric conductor Oscillation, to realize the purpose for increasing the capacitance between the electrochemistry region and the electric conductor.

In the present invention, to realize that specific charged particle is stored in electrochemistry region, need to join the electrochemistry region Alternate change physical environment or make the electrochemistry region between the different material of electrochemical reaction and participate in electrochemical reaction The mixture of different material contacts, and is just able to achieve.Fundamentally, as long as the electrochemistry region is made to participate in electrochemical reaction Different material between alternate change physical environment or make the electrochemistry region and participate in the mixed of the different material of electrochemical reaction Object contact is closed, can be achieved with the purpose that the specific charged particle is stored in electrochemistry region, no matter the electrochemistry region has There are two types of the conductive channel of charged particle, (such as one of is proton conductive channel, i.e. there is conducting certain band between two electrodes The electrolyte of charged particle, another kind be electronic conduction channel) or the electrochemistry region there was only electronic conduction channel, change sentence It talks about, as long as making the electrochemistry region alternate change physical environment or described between the different material for participating in electrochemical reaction Electrochemistry region is contacted with the mixture for the different material for participating in electrochemical reaction, can be achieved with the specific charged particle storage Participate in the purpose that electrochemical reaction is realized in reaction in electrochemistry region and in the next step, no matter two electrodes (such as electrochemistry Region and electric conductor) between whether there is electrolyte.

In the present invention, in electrochemistry region, tool there are two types of the conductive channel of charged particle, (such as lead for proton by one of which , i.e. there is the electrolyte that specific charged particle is connected between two electrodes in circulation passage, another kind is electronic conduction channel) electrochemistry dress In setting, alternate change physical environment or made described between the different material for participating in electrochemical reaction by making the electrochemistry region Electrochemistry region is contacted with the mixture for the different material for participating in electrochemical reaction, can be achieved to eliminate from the electrochemistry region The necessity for removing the non-electronic charged particle generated in the electrochemistry region, can also realize that non-electronic charged particle is stored in The electrochemistry region and the purpose for participating in reaction realization electrochemical reaction in the next step.The alternate change of physical environment or The electrochemistry region and the mixture for the different material for participating in electrochemical reaction are contacted, can make to be stored in the electrochemical school district Non-electronic charged particle in domain participates in reacting in the next step, realizes electrochemical process, therefore from the electrochemical school district The necessity that non-electronic charged particle is exported in domain completely disappears.The case where necessity derived from non-electronic charged particle disappears Under, although some non-electronic charged particle that ought to be stored in the electrochemistry region is exported, also have non-electronic Charged particle is stored in the electrochemistry region and waits next reaction step, in other words, if the electrochemistry region The alternate change physical environment between the different material for participating in electrochemical reaction, or it is mixed with the different material of participation electrochemical reaction Object contact is closed, although there are electrolyte between two electrodes (such as electrochemistry region and electric conductor), also has non-electronic band electrochondria Son is stored in the electrochemistry region and participation reaction in the next step is waited to realize electrochemical reaction process.

Electrochemical appliance disclosed in this invention, it is negative there are electrolyte can be reduced in the case where electrolyte between two electrodes Lotus extends its service life and is conducive to the balance and stability operation of system.

In the present invention, in the device that electrochemistry region only has electronic conduction channel (the i.e. described electrochemistry region with it is described The interior circuit or external circuit in conductor section are in electronics and non-electronic charged particle state of isolation), the electrochemistry region is being joined Alternate change physical environment and the electrochemistry region and electrochemical reaction is participated in not between the different material of electrochemical reaction The mixture of commaterial contacts, and non-electronic charged particle can be made to be stored in the electrochemistry region, the change of physical environment or Contacting the electrochemistry region with the mixture for the different material for participating in electrochemical reaction can make to be stored in the electrochemical school district The non-electronic charged particle in domain participates in reaction in the next step and realizes electrochemical process, that is, eliminates and move from electrochemistry region The necessity of non-electronic charged particle out.Express herein, in conventional electrochemical device, electrochemistry region (i.e. electrode) is at least wrapped Include two kinds of charged particle conductings, such as an electronic conduction channel, a proton conductive channel.

For electrochemical appliance disclosed in this invention in specific work process, the different step that the export of electronics imports can be with The case where in the presence of output electric energy and absorbing electric energy, but its summation is output electric energy.

Electrochemical appliance disclosed in this invention self-evidently includes the participation of substance.

Electrochemical appliance disclosed in this invention is in use, oxidant alternative selection is set as: oxygen, compression are empty Gas, oxygen, liquid oxygen, air, liquefied air, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, ozone, nitric acid, the concentrated sulfuric acid, hypochlorous acid, chromic acid, Peracetic acid, Perchloric acid, chlorate, nitrate, permanganate, perchlorate, bichromate, Calcium perchlorate, ammonium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, height Potassium chlorate, lithium perchlorate, magnesium perchlorate, barium perchlorate, perchloric acid strontium, silver perchlorate, ammonium chlorate, sodium chlorate, potassium chlorate, chloric acid Magnesium, calcium chlorate, copper chlorate, zinc chlorate, chloric acid thallium, silver chlorate, potassium permanganate, acerdol, barium permanganate, lithium nitrate, nitric acid Sodium, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, cesium nitrate, beryllium nitrate, potassium bromate, zinc bromate, ammonium periodate, calcium iodate, iron iodate, sodium dichromate, Potassium bichromate, iron chloride, ammonium ceric nitrate, sodium hypochlorite, SODIUM PERCARBONATE, sodium perborate, calcium hypochlorite, sodium dichloro cyanurate, Copper oxide, di-iron trioxide, sodium peroxide, manganese dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, potassium peroxide, magnesium dioxide, calcium dioxide, peroxide Change hydrogen, chromium trioxide, strontium dioxide, sodium dioxide, silver oxide, acetone, acrylonitrile, benzaldehyde, dibenzoyl peroxide, benzene Quinone, carbon tetrabromide are set as chloramines etc.；Reducing agent alternative selection is set as: hydrogen, alkane, alkene, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbon, Halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohol compound, phenolic compound, aldehyde compound, ketone compounds, hydroxyl acid compounds, ester type compound, Sodium, aluminium, zinc, lithium, potassium, magnesium, manganese, carbon, calcium, barium, vanadium, chromium, iron, cobalt, copper, boron, silicon, phosphorus, tin, mercury, lead, carbon dust, coal dust end, Sulphur, lithium aluminium hydride reduction, diethyl aluminium hydride sodium, sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrazine, ammonia, hydrogen chloride, Hydrogen iodide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, vulcanized sodium, stannous chloride, formaldehyde, sulfurous acid, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, ethyl alcohol, sodium sulfite, Sodium hydrogensulfite, ferrous sulfate, methanol, natural gas, coal gas, methane, coke, diesel oil, dimethyl ether, kerosene, gasoline, hydrogen one aoxidize Carbon mix is set as heavy oil etc..

In the present invention, electrochemical action may be present between the reducing agent and the oxidant.

In the present invention, the reducing agent and the oxidant, can under conditions of electrochemical appliance disclosed in this invention Electrochemical reaction occurs.

In the present invention, the reducing agent is simple substance, compound or mixture, and ion or solion are not belonging to the reduction Agent.

In the present invention, the oxidant is simple substance, compound or mixture, and ion or solion are not belonging to the oxidation Agent.

Electrochemical appliance disclosed in this invention is in the nature chemical energy device for converting electric energy.

It is so-called " during electronics exports and/or imports, to use capacitor, DC power supply, alternating current in the present invention Source, alternating source, inductor conductor, inductance coil, charged particle pump, phase converter, reversing switch circuit, rectifier, electric field, Oscillating circuit, motor, reversible electric machine, the motor with additional rotation inertia or its two conjunction, its three conjunction, its four it Conjunction, its five conjunction, its six conjunction, its seven conjunction, its eight conjunction, its nine conjunction, its ten conjunction, its 11 Conjunction, its ten binomial conjunction, its 13 conjunction, its 14 conjunction, its 15 conjunction " purpose be by electro ultrafiltration control The export of system and/or strengthening electronic imports.

It is so-called " during electronics exports and/or imports, to use capacitor, DC power supply, alternating current in the present invention Source, alternating source, inductor conductor, inductance coil, charged particle pump, phase converter, reversing switch circuit, rectifier, electric field, Oscillating circuit, motor, reversible electric machine, the motor with additional rotation inertia or its two conjunction, its three conjunction, its four it Conjunction, its five conjunction, its six conjunction, its seven conjunction, its eight conjunction, its nine conjunction, its ten conjunction, its 11 Conjunction, its ten binomial conjunction, its 13 conjunction, its 14 conjunction, its 15 conjunction " purpose be by electro ultrafiltration control The export of system and/or strengthening electronic imports, and control and/or the export of strengthening electronic importing can effectively avoid reducing agent and oxidation Redox reaction directly occurs for agent mixing, improves safety, reliability and efficiency, and control and/or strengthening electronic are led Safety, reliability and the effect that can be effectively promoted using reducing agent and oxidant existing device as a mixture are imported out Rate.

In the present invention, " during electronics exports and/or imports, capacitor, DC power supply, AC power source, alternation are used Power supply, inductor conductor, inductance coil, charged particle pump, phase converter, reversing switch circuit, rectifier, electric field, oscillation electricity Road, motor, reversible electric machine, the motor with additional rotation inertia or its two conjunction, its three conjunction, its four conjunction, its Five conjunctions, its six conjunction, its seven conjunction, its eight conjunction, its nine conjunction, its ten conjunction, its 11 conjunction, The purpose of the conjunction of its ten binomial, its 13 conjunction, its 14 conjunction, its 15 conjunction " be by electro ultrafiltration control and/ Or the export of strengthening electronic imports.A certain step in this control process is power consumption, but whole process is power supply.

Electrochemical appliance of the present invention " is exported and/or is led in electronics when using the mixture of reducing agent and oxidant During entering, pumped using capacitor, DC power supply, AC power source, alternating source, inductor conductor, inductance coil, charged particle, Phase converter, reversing switch circuit, rectifier, electric field, oscillating circuit, motor, reversible electric machine, with additional rotation inertia Motor or its two conjunction, its three conjunction, its four conjunction, its five conjunction, its six conjunction, its seven conjunction, its eight The conjunction of item, its nine conjunction, its ten conjunction, its 11 conjunction, the conjunction of its ten binomial, its 13 conjunction, its 14 Conjunction, its 15 conjunction " purpose be not only to control by electro ultrafiltration and/or the export of strengthening electronic imports, and be logical The export for crossing strengthening electronic imports the effective means for preventing reducing agent and oxidant from directly carrying out redox reaction.This control A certain step in the process is power consumption, but whole process is power supply.

In the present invention, " during electronics exports and/or imports, capacitor, DC power supply, AC power source, alternation are used Power supply, inductor conductor, inductance coil, charged particle pump, phase converter, reversing switch circuit, rectifier, electric field, oscillation electricity Road, motor, reversible electric machine, the motor with additional rotation inertia or its two conjunction, its three conjunction, its four conjunction, its Five conjunctions, its six conjunction, its seven conjunction, its eight conjunction, its nine conjunction, its ten conjunction, its 11 conjunction, The purpose of the conjunction of its ten binomial, its 13 conjunction, its 14 conjunction, its 15 conjunction " is not only through electro ultrafiltration control The export of system and/or strengthening electronic imports, and is to prevent reducing agent and oxidant direct by the export importing of strengthening electronic Carry out the effective means of redox reaction.A certain step in this control process is power consumption, but whole process is power supply 's.

It in the present invention, further can selectively select that catalyst corresponding with the reducing agent is made to be set as catalyst A, with It is different that the corresponding catalyst of the oxidant is set as catalyst B, the catalyst A and the catalyst B, in this case, Catalyst in the electrochemistry region, which is selectively chosen, is set as the random mixed of the catalyst A and catalyst B Select the catalyst A for being set as contacting near catalytic domain with closing the catalyst choice in object or the electrochemistry region The band electrochondria between the catalyst A and the catalyst B can be increased with the mixture of the catalyst B in order to improve efficiency The mobility of son.

In the present invention, the purpose for being inserted into the inert substance is to evade the reducing agent and the oxidant described Exist while at electrochemistry region, or the reduction reducing agent and the oxidant exist simultaneously at the electrochemistry region Chance.

In the present invention, electrochemistry region alternative selects one of the electrode for being set as electrochemical reaction or electrode Point.

It, can be according to the operating temperature of the property and the electrochemistry region of the reducing agent and the oxidant in the present invention Select different catalyst.

In the present invention, Xiang Suoshu electrochemistry region import concentration proportion in the local explosion limit reducing agent below and The mixture of the oxidant may include fire retardant, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide etc. are added in the mixture of hydrogen and oxygen.

In the present invention, in the device that the electrochemistry region is under set temperature, the set temperature can be set as high In equal to 100 DEG C.

In the present invention, in the device that the electrochemistry region is under set temperature, the set temperature can be set as low In equal to 90 DEG C.

In the present invention, the reducing agent and the oxidant are to refer to that electrochemical reaction occurs in the electrochemistry region Substance.

In the present invention, in the device for including AC power source, the reaction of the reducing agent and the oxidant can be suction The reaction for receiving electric energy is also possible to export the reaction of electric energy, but generally exports electric energy.

In the present invention, in the device for including alternating source, the reaction of the reducing agent and the oxidant can be suction The reaction for receiving electric energy is also possible to export the reaction of electric energy, but generally exports electric energy.

In the present invention, eliminating from the necessity that electrochemistry region removes non-electronic charged particle means only to need to remove electricity Son, rather than electronics charged particle (such as proton) can store in the electrochemistry region that it is generated and the participation electricity during next Chemical reaction, it means that It is not necessary to the interior circuit or outer that centainly there is non-electronic charged particle channel to constitute between two electrodes Circuit, it is only necessary to which electrochemical process can be realized in electronic conduction circuit, in this device, is selectively chosen electricity in it The conducting on road is that the reciprocating vibration of charged particle in capacitor and/or its internal part by being formed between its internal part is realized , and using external circuit output electric energy and/or absorb electric energy.

In the present invention, eliminating from the necessity that electrochemistry region removes two kinds of charged particles means only to need to remove electricity Son, and another charged particle (such as proton) can store in the electrochemistry region that it is generated and the participation electricity during next Chemical reaction, it means that It is not necessary to the interior circuit or outer that centainly there is non-electronic charged particle channel to constitute between two electrodes Circuit, it is only necessary to which electrochemical process can be realized in electronic conduction circuit, and in this device, the conducting of interior circuit is to pass through The reciprocating vibration of charged particle is realized in the capacitor and/or its internal part formed between its internal part, and utilizes dispatch from foreign news agency Road exports electric energy and/or absorbs electric energy.

In the present invention, the export importing of electronics is a kind of work normality, and the export importing of so-called electronics refers to through external circuit The export of the electronics carried out imports.

In the present invention, the electrochemistry region, which is selectively chosen, is set as three-diemsnional electrode.

In the present invention, the electric conductor, which is selectively chosen, is set as three-diemsnional electrode.

In the present invention, such as refer to J feed channel for J and K as synonym, J feed channel and the setting of K regional connectivity Interior substance can contact the structural relation of setting with the region K.

In the present invention, such as using J and K as synonym, the region K is arranged in the cavity, and J feed channel is connected to the cavity The structural relation for referring to that the substance in J feed channel can contact setting with the region K is set.

In the present invention, such as there is non-electronic conducting electrical relation using Y and X as synonym, Y and X, the electronics of the Y is led The form of presentation imported out refers to that the Y, the X and electronics export import the composition that circuit three is same closed circuit Part is selectively chosen electronics export importing circuit being set as external circuit, and non-electronic conducting electrical relation is formed Circuit be set as interior circuit.

In the present invention, such as using U, W and V as synonym, U has non-electronic conducting electrical relation through W and V, and electronics is in institute The form of presentation for exporting importing between U and the V is stated, refers to that the U, the W, the V and electronics export import circuit It is the component part of same closed circuit, is selectively chosen and electronics export importing circuit is set as external circuit, and will be non- Electronic conduction electrical relation is formed by circuit and is set as interior circuit.

In the present invention, the area Jie electricity that so-called " area alternating current Jie electricity " refers to alternating current is selectively chosen and sets For a part of relative subject, also alternative selection is set as the conduction region contacted with relative subject, is also selectively chosen It is set as the conduction region that there is capacitance relation with relative subject.It includes that the area alternating current Jie electricity is this that so-called relative subject, which is exactly in A, A in description.

In the present invention, so-called " alternating electromotive force " refers to that the changed electromotive force of electromotive force, such as direction become The changed electromotive force of electromotive force or size of change.

In the present invention, so-called " alternating current " refers to the changed electric current of electric current, such as the changed electricity in direction Stream, the changed electric current of size or alternating current.

In the present invention, so-called " alternating current " is selectively chosen the electric current for being set as the variation of electric current generating period, Such as electric current or alternating current that electric current, the size generating period of direction generating period variation change.

In the present invention, so-called alternating current refers to the alternating current changed by sinusoidal rule.

In the present invention, so-called AC power source refers to the alternating source that electric current is changed by sinusoidal rule.

In the present invention, there is so-called A and B non-electronic conducting electrical relation to refer to having on interior circuit between A and B Non-electronic conducting electrical relation, and its external circuit is selectively chosen electronic conduction relationship；Or, so-called A and B has non-electrical Son conducting electrical relation, which refers to, has non-electronic conducting electrical relation on external circuit between A and B, and its interior circuit may be selected Select electronic conduction relationship to property.

In the present invention, it is so-called " the electrochemistry region through insulation, isolation space, electrolyte, dielectric, capacitor, etc. At least one of gas ions, ionic liquid, ionized gas, solion and electronic conduction area have non-electrical with the conductor region Son conducting electrical relation " include the electrochemistry region and the conductor region through electronic conduction area, insulator, dielectric and/or The non-electronic conducting electrical relation that two solion ponds of ion conducting body isolation have.In this device, optionally Selection makes at least one in the electrochemistry region and the conductor region and capacitive region and/or non-electronic charged particle transmitter Form electrical relation.

In the present invention, so-called " electronic conduction area " refers to that conduct electrons are not turned on the region of non-electronic charged particle, can Selectively selection is set as metallic conductor area, carbon conductor region etc..

In the present invention, so-called " non-electronic charged particle transmitter " refer to non-conducting electronics but proton conducting or it is specific from The substance of son, i.e. electrolyte in conventional electrochemical device, can be according to the electrochemical properties of the reducing agent and the oxidant Non-electronic charged particle transmitter is selected, such as when the reducing agent is H₂, the oxidant is O₂When, the non-electronic electrification Particle conduction object alternative selects proton exchange membrane.

In the present invention, select electronic conduction area shape when, should for the purpose of increasing its capacitance with neighbors into Row selection.

In the present invention, so-called " non-electronic conducting electrical relation " refers to the electricity formed through the charged particle other than electronics Conducting relationship or the electricity to be formed conducting relationship of standing facing each other through electronics, for example, relationship, non-electronic electrification is connected in the electricity that capacitor is formed The electricity conducting relationship etc. that particle reciprocating vibration is formed.

In the present invention, so-called electrochemistry region, so-called electric conductor are equal with electrode.

In the present invention, the region that electronics export imports is equal with electrode.

It in the present invention, is selectively chosen, the electrochemistry region and electric conductor have dielectric capacitance relationship, and electricity is situated between Matter can be gas, liquid, solid or vacuum.

In the present invention, so-called dielectric capacitance relationship refers to the capacitance relation through dielectric formation, and dielectric can be Gas, liquid, solid or vacuum.

In the present invention, so-called " capacitor " be selectively chosen be set as electrolytic capacitor, super capacitor, electric double layer capacitance, All capacitors such as pseudo capacitance, fake capacitance.

In the present invention, so-called " reversible electric machine " refers to the motor that can mutually convert between motor and generator, For example, the motor that can be generated electricity when exportable rotary power, rotation when power supply.

In the present invention, it is selectively chosen and uses circumferential magnetic monopole direct current using DC reversible electromotor or selectivity selection Reversible electric machine.

In the present invention, when the purpose using reversible electric machine is the power supply using reversible electric machine when exportable power reception power The characteristics of can generating electricity, realizes the reinforcing and control imported to electronics export with electrode cooperating, and then realizes to electrochemistry mistake The optimization of journey.

It in the present invention, is selectively chosen, so that reversible electric machine movement power generation is implemented electro ultrafiltration to electrode, when the electricity of electrode When kinetic potential reaches setting degree, electrode, which powers to reversible electric machine, pushes reversible electric machine movement, sets when the electromotive force of electrode is reduced to When determining degree, reversible electric machine implements electro ultrafiltration to electrode using the kinetic energy power generation of itself and its STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED, so again and again Carry out cyclic process；In circulation, electrode recycles entirety and is to provide electric energy in the presence of the process for providing electric energy with absorbing electric energy； It is selectively chosen, control device is set between reversible electric machine and electrode；Be selectively chosen, load with reversible electric machine, Electrode is arranged in series, or load is arranged in parallel with reversible electric machine.

It in the present invention, is selectively chosen, so that reversible electric machine movement power generation is implemented electro ultrafiltration to electrode, when electrode is in electricity When electromotive force reaches setting degree under the action of chemical reaction and/or reversible electric machine, electrode is in electrochemical reaction and/or accumulation electricity It powers under the action of lotus to reversible electric machine and pushes reversible electric machine movement, it is reversible when the electromotive force of electrode is reduced to setting degree Motor implements electro ultrafiltration to electrode using the kinetic energy power generation of itself and its STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED, so carries out cyclic process again and again； In circulation, electrode recycles entirety and is to provide electric energy in the presence of the process for providing electric energy with absorbing electric energy；Optionally select It selects, control device is set between reversible electric machine and electrode；It being selectively chosen, load is arranged in series with reversible electric machine, electrode, Or load is arranged in parallel with reversible electric machine.

It in the present invention, is selectively chosen, makes electrode move reversible electric machine reversible electric machine power supply, when the electricity of electrode When kinetic potential is reduced to setting degree, reversible electric machine implements electro ultrafiltration to electrode using the kinetic energy power generation of itself and its STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED, when When the electromotive force of electrode reaches setting degree, electrode, which powers to reversible electric machine, pushes reversible electric machine movement, so again and again Carry out cyclic process；In circulation, electrode recycles entirety and is to provide electric energy in the presence of the process for providing electric energy with absorbing electric energy； It is selectively chosen, control device is set between reversible electric machine and electrode；Be selectively chosen, load with reversible electric machine, Electrode is arranged in series, or load is arranged in parallel with reversible electric machine.

It in the present invention, is selectively chosen, makes electrode under the action of electrochemical reaction and/or stored charge to reversible Motor power supply moves reversible electric machine, and when the electromotive force of electrode is reduced to setting degree, reversible electric machine utilizes itself and its connection The kinetic energy power generation of moving part to electrode implement electro ultrafiltration, when electrode under the action of electrochemical reaction and/or reversible electric machine electromotive force When reaching setting degree, electrode pushes reversible electricity to reversible electric machine power supply under the action of electrochemical reaction and/or stored charge Machine movement, so carries out cyclic process again and again；In circulation, there is the process for providing electric energy and absorbing electric energy in electrode, but Circulation is whole to be to provide electric energy；It is selectively chosen, control device is set between reversible electric machine and electrode；Optionally Selection, load are arranged in series with reversible electric machine, electrode, or load is arranged in parallel with reversible electric machine.

In the present invention, so-called " electrolyte " refer to all be arranged between two electrode of electrochemical appliance only allow it is specific The substance that charged particle passes through but electronics is not allowed to pass through can be solid, liquid or membranous body etc., such as the proton of PEMFC Film and solid oxide electrolyte etc..

In the present invention, so-called " being inserted into inert substance between the reducing agent and the oxidant " refers to goes back described Former agent is contacted with electrochemistry region and the oxidant contacted with this electrochemistry region between make inert substance and this electrochemical school district Domain contact, the purpose is to keep the boundary between the electrochemical reaction of the reducing agent and the electrochemical reaction of the oxidant more clear It is clear.

In the present invention, so-called " dead band duration is inserted between the reducing agent and the oxidant " refers to goes back described Former agent is contacted with electrochemistry region and the oxidant contacted with this electrochemistry region between be arranged dead band duration, the purpose is to keep away Exempt from the reducing agent and oxidant mixing, makes the electrochemical process of the reducing agent and the electrochemical process of the oxidant Between boundary it is apparent, so-called dead band duration refers to the time interval of setting, and specific duration is according to the reducing agent and institute State the property of oxidant, the temperature in electrochemistry region and catalyst whether there is or not and stopping of needing of the reducing agent and the oxidant Time etc. is stayed to determine.

In the present invention, so-called " inert substance " refers to the object not reacted with the reducing agent and the oxidant Matter.

In the present invention, so-called " electrochemistry region " refers to that the region of electrochemical reaction can occurs in all, for example including Catalyst, ultra microstructure and/or region (such as electrode in fuel cell etc.) at a set temperature, then for example in setting temperature Metallic region under degree.

It is so-called to refer to " including catalyst, ultra microstructure and/or electrochemistry region at a set temperature " in the present invention The electrochemistry region or including catalyst or including ultra microstructure or under the set temperature or the electrification School district domain includes two or three in these three conditions.

In the present invention, so-called " ultra microstructure " refers to the microcosmic knot that can cause electrochemical reaction under setting condition Structure.

In the present invention, so-called " local explosion limit " refers under conditions of the electrochemistry region, the reducing agent The concentration ratio that cannot be exploded with the oxidant.

In the present invention, include the catalyst device in, the catalyst be set as include noble metal catalyst, or The catalyst be set as include rare earth element catalyst.

In the present invention, so-called interpolar spacer refers to make to have required for non-electronic conducting electrical relation between electrode Substance (including vacuum), for example, electrolyte, dielectric etc..

In the present invention, the selection of interpolar spacer alternative is set as insulation, isolation space, electrolyte, dielectric, electricity At least one of appearance, plasma, ionic liquid, ionized gas, solion and electronic conduction area.

In the present invention, so-called interpolar spacer, which is selectively chosen, is set as interior circuit, is also selectively chosen and sets For external circuit.

In the present invention, so-called electro ultrafiltration is a kind of selectivity selection.

In the present invention, so-called " non-electronic charged particle " refers to the charged particle other than electronics, such as proton or ion.

In the present invention, so-called " motor with additional rotation inertia " refers to the requirement with basis to rotary inertia, The motor of additional setting rotary inertia.

In the present invention, after a certain component names plus the letter such as so-called " A ", " B " is merely to distinguish two or several The identical component of title.

In the present invention, necessary portion should be set in necessary place according to electricity field, the well-known technique of electrochemical field Part, unit or system etc..

Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: electrochemical appliance disclosed in this invention will termination traditional chemical energy electric energy conversion Electrochemical appliance with the history for existing for necessary condition of electrolyte (such as proton exchange membrane and solid oxide electrolyte etc.), This kind of device that terminates also can not securely and reliably be used to the history of oxidant reduction agent composition, for efficient, long-life, low cost The industrialization of chemical energy electric energy conversion electrochemical appliance provide new approach, and engine will be redefined.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2；

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3；

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 4；

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 5；

Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 6；

Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 7；

Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 8；

Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 9；

Figure 10-1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 10；

Figure 10-2 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 11；

Figure 10-3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 12；

Figure 10-4 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 13；

Figure 10-5 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 14；

Figure 10-6 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 15；

Figure 10-7 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 16；

Figure 11-1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 17；

Figure 11-2 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 18；

Figure 11-3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 19；

Figure 11-4 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 20；

Figure 11-5 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 21；

Figure 11-6 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 22；

Figure 11-7 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 23；

Figure 12-1 is the basic logic chart for exchanging electric energy for chemical energy；

Figure 12-2 is reducing agent oxidant electrochemical reaction controlled process figure；

In figure:

1 electrochemistry region, 3 reducing agent feed channels, 4 oxidant feed channels, 5 cavitys, 6 reducing agent control switches, 7 Oxidant control switch, 8 mixture feed channels, 9 mixture control switches, 10 control devices.

Specific embodiment

Technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1

Electrochemical appliance as shown in Figure 1, including electrochemistry region 1, the electrochemistry region 1 and reducing agent feed channel 3 connection settings, the electrochemistry region 1 are connected to setting with oxidant feed channel 4, and the electrochemistry region 1 includes alternation electricity The area Liu Jie electricity, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region 1, which imports,.

As can embodiment in conversion, optionally make the mistake of 3 feed reducing agent of reducing agent feed channel The process of 4 feed oxidant of journey and oxidant feed channel is alternately.

As can embodiment in conversion, optionally make the mistake of 3 feed reducing agent of reducing agent feed channel There is overlapping in the process of 4 feed oxidant of journey and oxidant feed channel.

As can embodiment in conversion, optionally make the interrupted feed reducing agent in reducing agent feed channel 3 The interrupted feed oxidant of feed process and oxidant feed channel 4 feed process exist overlapping.

Embodiment 2

Electrochemical appliance as shown in Figure 2, including electrochemistry region 1, the electrochemistry region 1 are arranged in cavity 5, institute It states cavity 5 and is connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel 3, the cavity 5 is connected to setting, the electrification with oxidant feed channel 4 School district domain 1 includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region 1, which imports,.

As can embodiment in conversion, optionally make the mistake of 3 feed reducing agent of reducing agent feed channel The process of 4 feed oxidant of journey and oxidant feed channel is alternately.

As can embodiment in conversion, optionally make the mistake of 3 feed reducing agent of reducing agent feed channel There is overlapping in the process of 4 feed oxidant of journey and oxidant feed channel.

As can embodiment in conversion, optionally make the interrupted feed reducing agent in reducing agent feed channel 3 The interrupted feed oxidant of feed process and oxidant feed channel 4 feed process exist overlapping.

Embodiment 3

Electrochemical appliance as shown in Figure 3, including electrochemistry region 1, the electrochemistry region 1 is through reducing agent control switch 6 are connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel 3, and the electrochemistry region 1 is through oxidant control switch 7 and oxidant feed channel 4 Connection setting, the electrochemistry region 1 include the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the export importing of the electronics in the electrochemistry region 1 is Work normality；

As can embodiment in conversion, control the reducing agent control switch 6 by control device And the oxidant control switch 7 by control device controlled realize 3 feed reducing agent of reducing agent feed channel process and The process of 4 feed oxidant of oxidant feed channel is alternately.

As can embodiment in conversion, control the reducing agent control switch 6 by control device And the oxidant control switch 7 by control device controlled realize 3 feed reducing agent of reducing agent feed channel process and There is overlapping in the process of 4 feed oxidant of oxidant feed channel.

As can embodiment in conversion, control the reducing agent control switch 6 by control device And the oxidant control switch 7 is controlled the confession for realizing the interrupted feed reducing agent in reducing agent feed channel 3 by control device There is overlapping in the feed process for passing through the interrupted feed oxidant of journey and oxidant feed channel 4.

As can embodiment in conversion, control the reducing agent control switch 6 by control device And the oxidant control switch 7 is controlled by control device and realizes that reducing agent feed channel 3 is opened and the oxidant supplies It send channel 4 discontinuously to open, or controls the reducing agent control switch 6 and the oxidant control by control device System switch 7 is controlled by control device realizes that oxidant feed channel 4 is opened and reducing agent feed channel 3 is discontinuously opened It opens.

As can embodiment in conversion, set the oxidant control switch 7 not, and make institute It states reducing agent control switch 6 and is controlled the discontinuously unlatching of realization reducing agent feed channel 3 by control device.

As can embodiment in conversion, set the reducing agent control switch 6 not, and make institute It states oxidant control switch 7 and is controlled the discontinuously unlatching of realization oxidant feed channel 4 by control device.

Embodiment 4

Electrochemical appliance as shown in Figure 4, including electrochemistry region 1, the electrochemistry region 1 are arranged in cavity 5, institute It states cavity 5 and is connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel 3 through reducing agent control switch 6, the cavity 5 is through oxidant control switch 7 Setting is connected to oxidant feed channel 4, the electrochemistry region 1 includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the electrochemistry region 1 It is work normality that the export of electronics, which imports,；

As can embodiment in conversion, control the reducing agent control switch 6 by control device And the oxidant control switch 7 by control device controlled realize 3 feed reducing agent of reducing agent feed channel process and The process of 4 feed oxidant of oxidant feed channel is alternately.

As can embodiment in conversion, control the reducing agent control switch 6 by control device And the oxidant control switch 7 by control device controlled realize 3 feed reducing agent of reducing agent feed channel process and There is overlapping in the process of 4 feed oxidant of oxidant feed channel.

As can embodiment in conversion, control the reducing agent control switch 6 by control device And the oxidant control switch 7 is controlled the confession for realizing the interrupted feed reducing agent in reducing agent feed channel 3 by control device There is overlapping in the feed process for passing through the interrupted feed oxidant of journey and oxidant feed channel 4.

As can embodiment in conversion, control the reducing agent control switch 6 by control device And the oxidant control switch 7 is controlled by control device and realizes the unlatching of reducing agent control switch 6 and the oxidant control System switch 7 discontinuously opens or realizes that the reducing agent control switch 6 is discontinuously opened and the oxidant control switch 7 is opened.

As can embodiment in conversion, set the reducing agent control switch 6 not, and make institute It states oxidant control switch 7 and is controlled realization discontinuously unlatching by control device.

As can embodiment in conversion, set the oxidant control switch 7 not, and make institute It states reducing agent control switch 6 and is controlled realization discontinuously unlatching by control device.

Embodiment 5

Electrochemical appliance as shown in Figure 5, including electrochemistry region 1, the electrochemistry region 1 and reducing agent and oxidant Mixture feed channel 8 be connected to setting, the electrochemistry region 1 include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the electrochemistry region 1 Electronics export import be work normality.

As can embodiment in conversion, optionally make 8 continuous feeding mixture of mixture feed channel.

As can embodiment in conversion, optionally make the interrupted feed mixture in mixture feed channel 8.

Embodiment 6

Electrochemical appliance as shown in FIG. 6, including electrochemistry region 1, the electrochemistry region 1 are arranged in cavity 5, institute It states cavity 5 and is connected to setting with the mixture feed channel 8 of reducing agent and oxidant, the electrochemistry region 1 includes alternating current The area Jie electricity, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region 1, which imports,.

As can embodiment in conversion, optionally make 8 continuous feeding mixture of mixture feed channel.

As can embodiment in conversion, optionally make the interrupted feed mixture in mixture feed channel 8.

Embodiment 7

Electrochemical appliance as shown in Figure 7, including electrochemistry region 1, the electrochemistry region 1 is through mixture control switch 9 are connected to setting with the mixture feed channel 8 of reducing agent and oxidant, and the electrochemistry region 1 includes that alternating current connects electricity Area, it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region 1, which imports,.

As can embodiment in conversion, control the mixture control switch 9 by control device 10 System realizes 8 continuous feeding mixture of mixture feed channel.

As can embodiment in conversion, control the mixture control switch 9 by control device 10 System realizes the interrupted feed mixture in mixture feed channel 8.

Embodiment 8

Electrochemical appliance as shown in Figure 8, including electrochemistry region 1, the electrochemistry region 1 are arranged in cavity 5, institute It states cavity 5 and is connected to setting, the electrochemistry with the mixture feed channel 8 of reducing agent and oxidant through mixture control switch 9 Region 1 includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and it is work normality that the export of the electronics in the electrochemistry region 1, which imports,.

Embodiment 9

Electrochemical appliance as shown in Figure 9 further makes the mixture control switch 9 on the basis of embodiment 8 It is controlled by control device 10 and realizes 8 continuous feeding mixture of mixture feed channel.

As can embodiment in conversion, also optionally make the mixture control switch 9 by control device 10 The interrupted feed mixture in mixture feed channel 8 is realized in control.

As disposable embodiment, above-mentioned all embodiments of the invention and its disposable embodiment can be into one Step selectively selects to be arranged by the electrochemistry region 1 with the setting of power supply electric communication or by the electrochemistry region 1 in electricity In；Or selectively select, the electrochemistry region 1 is led with capacitor, DC power supply, AC power source, alternating source, inductance It is body, inductance coil, charged particle pump, phase converter, reversing switch circuit, rectifier, electric field, oscillating circuit, motor, reversible Motor, the motor with additional rotation inertia or its two conjunction, its three conjunction, its four conjunction, its five conjunction, its six The conjunction of item, its seven conjunction, its eight conjunction, its nine conjunction, its ten conjunction, its 11 conjunction, the conjunction of its ten binomial, Its 13 conjunction, its 14 conjunction, the effect setting of its 15 conjunction electricity.

As disposable embodiment, above-mentioned all embodiments of the invention and its disposable embodiment can be into one Step selectively selects the electrochemistry region 1 having non-electronic conducting electrical relation with electric conductor, or selectively selects, By the electrochemistry region 1 and insulation, isolation space, electrolyte, dielectric, capacitor, plasma, ionic liquid, ion At least one of gas, solion and electronic conduction area have non-electronic conducting electrical relation.

As disposable embodiment, above-mentioned all embodiments of the invention and its disposable embodiment can be into one Step, which selectively selects to rotate in the electrochemistry region 1, to be arranged.

As disposable embodiment, above-mentioned all embodiments of the invention and its disposable embodiment can be into one Step selectively selects to be inserted into inert substance and/or dead band duration between the reducing agent and the oxidant.

It is disclosed in this invention only electrochemistry region electrochemical appliance in the specific implementation, be selectively chosen by Electrochemistry region makes two electrode cooperatings complete chemical energy electric energy as an electrode using electric conductor as another electrode Conversion；It is also selectively chosen using electrochemistry region as an electrode, using another electrochemistry region as another electricity Pole, two electrode cooperatings complete the conversion of chemical energy electric energy.

Embodiment 10

Figure 10-1 is under unitary electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention), and substance A and substance B replace with electrode The process chart of contact, electrochemical appliance of the invention is selectively chosen to work according to following courses of work.

In Figure 10-1,1a is electrode, A representative species A (reducing agent), B representative species B (oxidant).When substance A and electricity When pole contacts (1. shown process in figure), the electronics of substance A is exported forming material A cation A under electro ultrafiltration⁺It (restores Agent cation A⁺), as the reducing agent cation A⁺When running up to setting degree (amount of accumulation depend on electro ultrafiltration intensity and Electrical relation possessed by electrode), substance A and substance B switching (as in figure 3. and 4. shown in process), and it is negative to pass through electronics It carries 5a and imported into electrode, substance B, substance A cation A at electrode⁺Substance A and substance B redox are generated with electron reaction The product C (5. shown in such as figure) of reaction.Next two-way can be divided to continue, is as 5. passed through in figure all the wayTo 1. institute Show, apply the electro ultrafiltration in direction same as described above again, and switch substance A and substance B again, and then realizes and recycle in cycles Work；Another way is as 5. passed through in figureTo shown in 7., apply the electro ultrafiltration in direction contrary to the above, and continue to make substance B with Electrode contact, so so that substance B and electronics is coexisted in electrode (substance B can receive that electronically form substance B negative in some cases Ion B-or oxidant anion B-, does not show in figure), when electronics or oxidant anion B-run up to setting degree When (in such as figure 9. shown in), switching substance A and substance B and make electronics through load 5a from electrode export (such as figure 10. andIt is shown), Reducing agent cation, electronics and oxidant react herein generates C (in such as figureIt is shown), reversed electricity next is implemented to electrode and is made With and continue to make substance A contact with electrode reach in figure 1. shown in state, and then realize cycle operation in cycles.This figure institute The principle and process shown are the course of work of unitary electrode.The purpose of electro ultrafiltration is control and reinforcing electrochemical reaction, electro ultrafiltration It can come from external power supply, can come from the chemical potential in electrochemical reaction, can be from the electric energy (example by storing process Such as, the electric energy through capacitor or oscillating circuit) etc..Electro ultrafiltration consumes electric energy, but the electric energy consumed during electro ultrafiltration is not It is lost, and is stored at electrode, released together when electric current is reversed.

Embodiment 11

Figure 10-2 is H under unitary electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention)₂And O₂It alternates and contacts with electrode Process chart, electrochemical appliance of the invention optionally according to the course of work work.

In Figure 10-2,1a is electrode.The principle and process that this figure illustrates are identical as Figure 10-1, only the reduction in Figure 10-1 Agent substance A is with H₂To represent, oxidant species B is with O₂To represent, reducing agent cation A⁺It is then H⁺.Principle shown in this figure and Process is the course of work of unitary electrode.The purpose of electro ultrafiltration is that control can come from outer with electrochemical reaction, electro ultrafiltration is strengthened Portion's power supply can come from the chemical potential in electrochemical reaction, can be from the electric energy by storing process (for example, through capacitor Or the electric energy of oscillating circuit) etc..Electro ultrafiltration consumes electric energy, but the electric energy consumed during electro ultrafiltration is not lost, and It is stored at electrode, is released together when electric current is reversed.

Embodiment 12

Figure 10-3 is CH under unitary electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention)₃OH and O₂It alternates and connects with electrode The process chart of touching, electrochemical appliance of the invention optionally work according to the course of work.

In Figure 10-3,1a is electrode.The principle and process that this figure illustrates are identical as Figure 10-1, only the reduction in Figure 10-1 Agent substance A is with CH₃OH is representative, and oxidant species B is with O₂To represent.Furthermore compared with Figure 10-1, the principle shown in Figure 10-3 H in the process₂O takes part in electrochemical reaction process as recycled material.Principle shown in this figure and process are unitary electrode The course of work.The purpose of electro ultrafiltration is that control can come from external power supply, can come from electricity with electrochemical reaction, electro ultrafiltration is strengthened Chemical potential in chemical reaction can be from the electric energy (for example, electric energy through capacitor or oscillating circuit) by storing process Deng.Electro ultrafiltration consumes electric energy, but the electric energy consumed during electro ultrafiltration is not lost, and is stored at electrode, It is released together when electric current is reversed.

Embodiment 13

Figure 10-4 is under unitary electrode (such as the present invention in electrochemistry region 1), the mixture of substance A and substance B with The process chart that electrode contacts with each other, electrochemical appliance of the invention optionally work according to the course of work.

In Figure 10-4,1a is electrode, A representative species A (reducing agent), B representative species B (oxidant).When substance A and object When the mixture and electrode of matter B contact (1. shown process in figure), the electronics of the substance A under electro ultrafiltration in mixture is exported Forming material A cation A⁺(i.e. reducing agent cation A⁺), as the reducing agent cation A⁺(accumulation when running up to setting degree Amount depend on electro ultrafiltration intensity and electrode possessed by electrical relation), make electronics by load 5a imported into electrode, in electricity Substance B, substance A cation A at pole⁺With the product C of electron reaction generation substance A and substance B redox reaction (in such as figure Shown in 4.).Next two-way can be divided to continue, is as, 5. to shown in 1., applied side same as described above again in figure all the way To electro ultrafiltration, that is, reach in figure 1. shown in state, and then realize cycle operation in cycles；Another way be as in figure 5. to 6. It is shown, apply the electro ultrafiltration in direction contrary to the above, and then make substance B forming material B anion B^—That is oxidant anion B^— (in some cases may forming material A, substance B and electronics coexist in the situation of electrode, do not shown in figure), work as oxidant Anion B^—Or electron accumulation to setting degree when (in such as figure 8. shown in), make electronics through load 5a from electrode export (9. such as figure It is shown) form reducing agent cation A⁺, it is formed by reducing agent cation A⁺, oxidant (substance B) and electronics or reducing agent just from Sub- A⁺With oxidant anion B^—Reaction generates C (also as 9. shown in figure), next implements reversed electro ultrafiltration to electrode and reaches In figure 1. shown in state, and then realize cycle operation in cycles.Although existing always at electrode during shown in Figure 10-4 There is reducing agent and oxidant always in substance A and substance B, but due to electro ultrafiltration there are reducing agents and oxidant can not be straight Row redox reaction is tapped into, and then avoids or weakens mixture and directly carry out redox reaction forfeiture power supply at electrode The process of ability.Principle shown in this figure and process are the course of work of unitary electrode.The purpose of electro ultrafiltration is control and strengthens Electrochemical reaction, electro ultrafiltration can come from external power supply, can come from the chemical potential in electrochemical reaction, can be from by Electric energy (for example, electric energy through capacitor or oscillating circuit) of storing process etc..Electro ultrafiltration consumes electric energy, but in electro ultrafiltration process The electric energy of middle consumption is not lost, and is stored at electrode, is released together when electric current is reversed.

Embodiment 14

Figure 10-5 is the mixture and electricity of substance A and substance B under unitary electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention) The process chart of extremely mutual makes discontinuous contact, electrochemical appliance of the invention optionally work according to the course of work.

In Figure 10-5,1a is electrode, A representative species A (reducing agent), B representative species B (oxidant).Except substance A and object Outside the mixture of matter B and the influence of the mutual makes discontinuous contact of electrode, principle shown in Figure 10-5 and phase shown in process and Figure 10-4 Together, the purpose of mixture and electrode makes discontinuous contact is to reduce the mixture of substance A and substance B i.e. reducing agent and oxygen at electrode Time existing for the mixture of agent, to realize the better control to electrochemical process.As in figure 3., 4., the processes institute such as 5. Show, contact with each other and be formed by circulation discontinuously there is considerable time intervals to only exist a kind of substance i.e. at electrode There are reducing agent or only exists oxidant (substance B and electronics are regarded as substance B anion B when coexisting^—Rather than substance B). Principle shown in this figure and process are the course of work of unitary electrode.The purpose of electro ultrafiltration is to control and strengthen electrochemical reaction, Electro ultrafiltration can come from external power supply, can come from the chemical potential in electrochemical reaction, can be from by storing process Electric energy (for example, electric energy through capacitor or oscillating circuit) etc..Electro ultrafiltration consumes electric energy, but the electric energy consumed during electro ultrafiltration It is not lost, and is stored at electrode, released together when electric current is reversed.

Embodiment 15

Figure 10-6 is H under unitary electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention)₂And O₂Mixture and electrode it is mutual The process chart of contact, electrochemical appliance of the invention optionally work according to the course of work.

In Figure 10-6,1a is electrode.Principle and process shown in Figure 10-6 are identical as Figure 10-4, only the object in Figure 10-4 Matter A is with H₂To represent, substance B is with O₂To represent.Principle shown in this figure and process are the course of work of unitary electrode.Electro ultrafiltration Purpose be control and strengthen electrochemical reaction, electro ultrafiltration can come from external power supply, can come from the change in electrochemical reaction Gesture is learned, can be from the electric energy (for example, electric energy through capacitor or oscillating circuit) etc. by storing process.Electro ultrafiltration consumption electricity Can, but the electric energy consumed during electro ultrafiltration is not lost, and be stored at electrode, when electric current is reversed together It releases.

Embodiment 16

Figure 10-7 is CH under unitary electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention)₃OH and O₂Mixture and electrode The process chart to contact with each other, electrochemical appliance of the invention optionally work according to the course of work.

In Figure 10-7,1a is electrode.Principle and process shown in Figure 10-7 are identical as Figure 10-4, only the object in Figure 10-4 Matter A is with CH₃OH is representative, and substance B is with O₂To represent.In addition to this, compared with principle and process shown in Figure 10-4, as schemed institute Show that water takes part in electrochemical reaction as recycled material.Principle shown in this figure and process are the course of work of unitary electrode.Electricity The purpose of effect is that control can come from external power supply, can come from electrochemical reaction with electrochemical reaction, electro ultrafiltration is strengthened Chemical potential, can be from the electric energy (for example, electric energy through capacitor or oscillating circuit) etc. by storing process.Electro ultrafiltration Electric energy is consumed, but the electric energy consumed during electro ultrafiltration is not lost, and is stored at electrode, it is reversed to electric current When release together.

Embodiment 17

Figure 11-1 is shown including electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention) and conduction corresponding with this electrode Body, the process chart that substance A and substance B are alternately contacted with electrode, electrochemical appliance of the present invention optionally selects It selects and works according to following courses of work.

In Figure 11-1,1a is electrode, and 2a is electric conductor, and 6a is interpolar spacer, and A representative species A (reducing agent), B are represented Substance B (oxidant), wherein electric conductor plays the role of another electrode in electrodic electron export importing process.Work as substance A When contacting with electrode 1a (1. shown process in figure), the electronics of substance A is exported to electric conductor 2a and then makes object under electro ultrafiltration Matter A forming material A cation A⁺(i.e. reducing agent cation A⁺), as the reducing agent cation A⁺(product when running up to setting degree Tired amount depend on electro ultrafiltration intensity and electrode possessed by electrical relation), substance A and substance B switching (in such as figure 3. and Process shown in 4.), and electronics is made to imported into electrode from electric conductor by load 5a, substance B, substance A cation A at electrode⁺The product C (in such as figure 5. shown in) of substance A and substance B redox reaction is generated with electron reaction.Next it can be divided to two Road continues, and is as 5. passed through in figure all the wayShown in 1., apply the electro ultrafiltration in direction same as described above again, and cut again Substance A and substance B are changed, and then realizes cycle operation in cycles；Another way is as 5. passed through in figureTo shown in 7., apply with The electro ultrafiltration of above-mentioned opposite direction, and continue to contact substance B with electrode, and then substance B and electronics is made to coexist in electrode (at certain Substance B, which can receive, in a little situations electronically forms substance B anion B-or oxidant anion B-, does not show in figure), when When electronics or oxidant anion B-run up to setting degree (9. shown in such as figure), switches substance A and substance B and make electronics Through load 5a from electrode export to electric conductor (in such as figure 10. andIt is shown), reducing agent cation, electronics and oxidant are described Reaction generates C (in such as figure at electrode 1aIt is shown), reversed electro ultrafiltration next is implemented to electrode and continues to make substance A and electrode Contact reach in figure 1. shown in state, and then realize cycle operation in cycles.Principle shown in this figure and process are to include There is the electrode of electrical relation and the course of work of electric conductor through interpolar spacer.The purpose of electro ultrafiltration is control and reinforcing electrification Reaction is learned, electro ultrafiltration can come from external power supply, can come from the chemical potential in electrochemical reaction, can be from by storage Electric energy (for example, electric energy through capacitor or oscillating circuit) of process etc..Electro ultrafiltration consumes electric energy, but consumes during electro ultrafiltration Electric energy not lost, and be stored at electrode, released together when electric current is reversed.

Embodiment 18

Figure 11-2 is shown including electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention) and conduction corresponding with this electrode Body, H₂And O₂Alternate the process chart of contact with electrode, electrochemical appliance of the present invention be selectively chosen by It works according to following courses of work.

In Figure 11-2,1a is electrode, and 2a is electric conductor, and 6a is interpolar spacer, and wherein electric conductor is exported in electrodic electron Play the role of another electrode in importing process.Except the substance A (reducing agent) in Figure 11-1 is with H₂To represent, substance B (oxidation Agent) with O₂Outer to represent, principle and the course of work shown in Figure 11-2 are identical as principle shown in Figure 11-1 and process.Electro ultrafiltration Purpose be control and strengthen electrochemical reaction, electro ultrafiltration can come from external power supply, can come from the change in electrochemical reaction Gesture is learned, can be from the electric energy (for example, electric energy through capacitor or oscillating circuit) etc. by storing process.Electro ultrafiltration consumption electricity Can, but the electric energy consumed during electro ultrafiltration is not lost, and be stored at electrode, when electric current is reversed together It releases.

Embodiment 19

Figure 11-3 is shown including electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention) and conduction corresponding with this electrode Body, CH₃OH and O₂The process chart of contact is alternateed with electrode, electrochemical appliance of the present invention optionally selects It selects and works according to following courses of work.

In Figure 11-3,1a is electrode, and 2a is electric conductor, and 6a is interpolar spacer, and wherein electric conductor is exported in electrodic electron Play the role of another electrode in importing process.Except the substance A (reducing agent) in Figure 11-1 is with CH₃OH is representative, substance B (oxidant) is with O₂To represent, H₂O is participated in outside reaction as recycled material, principle and the course of work shown in Figure 11-3 and Figure 11- Principle shown in 1 is identical with process.The purpose of electro ultrafiltration is control and reinforcing electrochemical reaction, and electro ultrafiltration can come from external electrical Source can come from the chemical potential in electrochemical reaction, can be from the electric energy by storing process (for example, through capacitor or vibration Swing the electric energy of circuit) etc..Electro ultrafiltration consumes electric energy, but the electric energy consumed during electro ultrafiltration is not lost, but by It is stored at electrode, is released together when electric current is reversed.

Embodiment 20

Figure 11-4 is shown including electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention) and conduction corresponding with this electrode Body, the process chart that the mixture of substance A and substance B and electrode contact with each other, electrochemical appliance of the present invention is optional It selects to selecting property to work according to following courses of work.

In Figure 11-4,1a is electrode, and 2a is electric conductor, and 6a is interpolar spacer, and A representative species A (reducing agent), B are represented Substance B (oxidant), wherein electric conductor plays the role of another electrode in electrodic electron export importing process.Work as substance A (1. shown process in figure), the electronics of the substance A under electro ultrafiltration in mixture when being contacted with the mixture and electrode of substance B It is exported to electric conductor 2a and then makes substance A forming material A cation A⁺(i.e. reducing agent cation A⁺), when the reducing agent just Ion A⁺When running up to setting degree (electrical relation possessed by intensity and electrode of the amount of accumulation depending on electro ultrafiltration), make electricity Son imported into electrode from electric conductor through load 5a, substance B, substance A cation A at electrode⁺With electron reaction generate substance A and The product C (4. shown in such as figure) of substance B redox reaction.Next two-way can be divided to continue, is such as figure all the way In 5. to shown in 1., apply the electro ultrafiltration in direction same as described above again, that is, reach in figure 1. shown in state, and then realize week and Renew cycle operation；Another way is as, 5. to shown in 6., applied the electro ultrafiltration in direction contrary to the above, and then make substance B in figure Forming material B anion B^—That is oxidant anion B^—(in some cases may forming material A, substance B and electronics coexist Do not shown in the situation of electrode, figure), as oxidant anion B^—Or electron accumulation to setting degree when (such as 8. institute in figure Show), so that electronics is exported to electric conductor (in such as figure 9. shown in) from electrode through load 5a and forms reducing agent cation A⁺, it is formed by Reducing agent cation A⁺, oxidant (substance B) and electronics or reducing agent cation A⁺With oxidant anion B^—Reaction generates C (also In such as figure 9. shown in), next to electrode implement reversed electro ultrafiltration reach in figure 1. shown in state, and then realize in cycles Cycle operation.Although there is substance A always at electrode during shown in Figure 11-4 and substance B have reducing agent and oxygen always Agent, but since the presence of electro ultrafiltration, reducing agent and oxidant can not directly carry out redox reaction, and then avoid or cut Weak mixture directly carries out the process that redox reaction loses power supply capacity at electrode.The purpose of electro ultrafiltration be control with Strengthen electrochemical reaction, electro ultrafiltration can come from external power supply, can come from the chemical potential in electrochemical reaction, can be from By the electric energy (for example, electric energy through capacitor or oscillating circuit) etc. of storing process.Electro ultrafiltration consumes electric energy, but in electro ultrafiltration mistake The electric energy consumed in journey is not lost, and is stored at electrode, is released together when electric current is reversed.

Embodiment 21

Figure 11-5 is shown including electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention) and conduction corresponding with this electrode Body, the mixture of substance A and substance B and the process chart of the mutual makes discontinuous contact of electrode, electrochemical appliance of the present invention It is selectively chosen and works according to following courses of work.

In Figure 11-5,1a is electrode, and 2a is electric conductor, and 6a is interpolar spacer, and A representative species A (reducing agent), B are represented Substance B (oxidant), wherein electric conductor plays the role of another electrode in electrodic electron export importing process.Except substance A Outside the mixture of substance B and the influence of the mutual makes discontinuous contact of electrode, principle and the course of work shown in Figure 11-5 and Figure 11-4 Shown in principle it is identical with process.The purpose of mixture and electrode makes discontinuous contact is to reduce reducing agent and oxidant mixture presence Duration, improve safety, controllability and reliability.The purpose of electro ultrafiltration is control and reinforcing electrochemical reaction, and electro ultrafiltration can To come from external power supply, it can come from the chemical potential in electrochemical reaction, can be from the electric energy (example by storing process Such as, the electric energy through capacitor or oscillating circuit) etc..Electro ultrafiltration consumes electric energy, but the electric energy consumed during electro ultrafiltration is not It is lost, and is stored at electrode, released together when electric current is reversed.

Embodiment 22

Figure 11-6 is shown including electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention) and conduction corresponding with this electrode Body, H₂And O₂Mixture and the process chart that contacts with each other of electrode, electrochemical appliance of the present invention optionally select It selects and works according to following courses of work.

In Figure 11-6,1a is electrode, and 2a is electric conductor, and 6a is interpolar spacer, and wherein electric conductor is exported in electrodic electron Play the role of another electrode in importing process.Except substance A (reducing agent) is with H₂To represent, substance B (oxidant) is with O₂For generation Off-balancesheet, principle and the course of work shown in Figure 11-6 are identical as principle shown in Figure 11-4 and process.Electro ultrafiltration can come from outer Portion's power supply can come from the chemical potential in electrochemical reaction, can be from the electric energy by storing process (for example, through capacitor Or the electric energy of oscillating circuit) etc..The purpose of electro ultrafiltration is control and reinforcing electrochemical reaction, and electro ultrafiltration consumes electric energy, but in electricity The electric energy consumed in mechanism is not lost, and is stored at electrode, is released together when electric current is reversed.

Embodiment 23

Figure 11-7 is shown including electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention) and conduction corresponding with this electrode Body, CH₃OH and O₂Mixture and the process chart that contacts with each other of electrode, electrochemical appliance of the present invention is alternative Ground selection works according to following courses of work.

In Figure 11-7,1a is electrode, and 2a is electric conductor, and 6a is interpolar spacer, and wherein electric conductor is exported in electrodic electron Play the role of another electrode in importing process.Except substance A (reducing agent) is with CH₃OH is representative, and substance B (oxidant) is with O₂ Outer, the H to represent₂O is participated in outside reaction as recycled material, principle and the course of work shown in Figure 11-7 and original shown in Figure 11-4 It manages identical with process.The purpose of electro ultrafiltration is that control can come from external power supply, can come with electrochemical reaction, electro ultrafiltration is strengthened From the chemical potential in electrochemical reaction, the electric energy by storing process can be from (for example, the electricity through capacitor or oscillating circuit Can) etc..Electro ultrafiltration consumes electric energy, but the electric energy consumed during electro ultrafiltration is not lost, and is stored in electrode Place, is released together when electric current is reversed.

The principle of the electrochemical appliance of the invention is described as follows:

Figure 12-1 is the basic logic chart for exchanging electric energy for chemical energy.All are that with the process that chemical energy exchanges electric energy for Electronics is exported from reducing agent, so that reducing agent is formed reducing agent cation, electronics is then imported into reducing agent cation and oxygen again In the coexisting body of agent, and then realize that reducing agent cation, oxidant and electronics three react generation reducing agent and oxidant is anti- The product that should be generated, the summation that the electronics export during this imports is to export the process of electric energy.Figure 12-1 be using hydrogen as The diagram that the representative of reducing agent, the representative using oxygen as oxidant carry out this basic logic.

Figure 12-2 is reducing agent oxidant electrochemical reaction controlled process figure.Reducing agent and oxidant at electrode (such as Electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention) reaction that could occur, the electrochemical reaction of electric energy can be either exported, still cannot The reducing agent of electric energy and the direct oxidation reduction reaction of oxidant are exported, essence is all reducing agent, oxidant and electrode effect The indispensable reaction of three, and electrode to the effect of chemical reaction is realized by electro ultrafiltration.It means that passing through change The electrical property (or electriferous state) of electrode can control this kind of reaction.For example, if electrode is made to have electronegativity (i.e. close It is reinforced with the ability of electronics, or the ability of the affine electronics electronically formed by export), so that it may so that reducing agent is formed reducing agent Cation process occurs and can be with Accelerating reduction dosage form at the process of reducing agent cation, if electrode is made to have electropositivity (i.e. The ability of release electronics is reinforced, or because what importing electronically formed provides the ability of electronics), so that it may make oxidant and reducing agent Cation react and can reacting for accelerated oxidation agent and reducing agent cation (so that oxidant is formed oxidant negative Ion process occur and can accelerated oxidation dosage form at oxidant anion process).(such as catalyst participation) is participated in electrode Reducing agent and oxidant directly carry out needing during redox reaction electrode it is i.e. not positively charged without negative electricity (i.e. not Tool electropositivity does not also have electronegativity, not within the rule by the electropositivity of itself or electronegativity of electro ultrafiltration, in other words, needs The electronegativity and electropositivity of electrode are not changed), otherwise redox reaction can not be carried out directly.As long as this means that we Change the electrical property (changing its electropositivity, electronegativity, change its charging property) of electrode, so that it may avoid or weaken reducing agent and oxygen Agent directly carries out redox reaction heat release and loses the process of output electric energy, to realize using the mixed of reducing agent and oxidant Safety and controllability that object carries out chemical energy electric energy conversion process are closed, also may be implemented to reducing agent and oxidant handoff procedure In probabilistic control caused by the mixed process that is difficult to avoid that.Representative of the Figure 12-2 using hydrogen as reducing agent, is made with oxygen For the representative of oxidant, using D as the representative in electrode (such as electrochemistry region 1 in the present invention), for by electrode reality The process that electro ultrafiltration changes it electrically and then control chemically reacts is applied to be shown, in figure, D⁺Indicate the electricity with electronegativity Pole (electrode that the ability of i.e. affine electronics is reinforced, i.e., because electronics is exported the electrode that its electron affinity energy power is reinforced), D^— Indicate that there is electropositive electrode (i.e. electrode that the ability of release electronics is reinforced, i.e., because electronics is imported into its release electronics The electrode that ability is reinforced).

Attached drawing of the invention is only a kind of signal, and any technical solution for meeting the application literature record belongs to the application Protection scope.

It is clear that the invention is not restricted to above embodiments, according to techniques known and technology disclosed in this invention Scheme, can derive or associate many variant schemes out, and all these variant schemes also are regarded as being protection model of the invention It encloses.

Claims (18)

1. a kind of electrochemical appliance, including electrochemistry region (1), it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) and reducing agent supply Channel (3) connection setting is sent, the electrochemistry region (1) is connected to setting, the electrochemistry region with oxidant feed channel (4) It (1) include the area alternating current Jie electricity, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,；Or, the electrification School district domain (1) is connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel (3), and the electrochemistry region (1) is connected to oxidant feed channel (4) Setting, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the mistake of reducing agent feed channel (3) feed reducing agent Alternately, the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1) is led for journey and the process of oxidant feed channel (4) feed oxidant Import out is work normality；

Or, the electrochemistry region (1) is connected to setting, the electrochemistry region (1) and oxidant with reducing agent feed channel (3) Feed channel (4) connection setting, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, reducing agent feed channel (3) There is overlapping, the electrification school district in the process of feed reducing agent and the process of oxidant feed channel (4) feed oxidant It is work normality that the export of the electronics in domain (1), which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region (1) is connected to setting, the electrochemistry region (1) and oxidant with reducing agent feed channel (3) Feed channel (4) connection setting, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, reducing agent feed channel (3) There is weight in the feed process of the interrupted feed oxidant of the feed process of interrupted feed reducing agent and oxidant feed channel (4) Folded, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,.

2. a kind of electrochemical appliance, including electrochemistry region (1), it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) is arranged in cavity (5) in, the cavity (5) is connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel (3), and the cavity (5) and oxidant feed channel (4) are even Logical setting, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1) imports For the normality that works；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) is connected to reducing agent feed channel (3) to be set It sets, the cavity (5) is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel (4), and the electrochemistry region (1) includes that alternating current connects electricity Area, the process of reducing agent feed channel (3) feed reducing agent and the mistake of oxidant feed channel (4) feed oxidant Alternately, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1) imports to journey；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) is connected to reducing agent feed channel (3) to be set It sets, the cavity (5) is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel (4), and the electrochemistry region (1) includes that alternating current connects electricity Area, the process of reducing agent feed channel (3) feed reducing agent and the mistake of oxidant feed channel (4) feed oxidant There is overlapping in journey, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) is connected to reducing agent feed channel (3) to be set It sets, the cavity (5) is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel (4), and the electrochemistry region (1) includes that alternating current connects electricity Area, discontinuously the feed process of feed reducing agent and oxidant feed channel (4) discontinuously supply in reducing agent feed channel (3) The feed process of oxidant is sent to there is overlapping, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,.

3. a kind of electrochemical appliance, including electrochemistry region (1), it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) is through reducing agent control System switch (6) is connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel (3), and the electrochemistry region (1) is through oxidant control switch (7) and oxygen Agent feed channel (4) connection setting, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the electrochemistry region (1) Electronics export import be work normality；

Or, the electrochemistry region (1) is connected to setting, the electricity with reducing agent feed channel (3) through reducing agent control switch (6) Chemical regions (1) are connected to setting, electrochemistry region (1) packet with oxidant feed channel (4) through oxidant control switch (7) Include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch (6) by control device controlled and the oxidant control switch (7) by The process and oxidant feed channel (4) of reducing agent feed channel (3) feed reducing agent are realized in control device control Alternately, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1) imports to the process of feed oxidant；

Or, the electrochemistry region (1) is connected to setting, the electricity with reducing agent feed channel (3) through reducing agent control switch (6) Chemical regions (1) are connected to setting, electrochemistry region (1) packet with oxidant feed channel (4) through oxidant control switch (7) Include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch (6) by control device controlled and the oxidant control switch (7) by The process and oxidant feed channel (4) of reducing agent feed channel (3) feed reducing agent are realized in control device control There is overlapping in the process of feed oxidant, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region (1) is connected to setting, the electricity with reducing agent feed channel (3) through reducing agent control switch (6) Chemical regions (1) are connected to setting, electrochemistry region (1) packet with oxidant feed channel (4) through oxidant control switch (7) Include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch (6) by control device controlled and the oxidant control switch (7) by The feed process and the oxidant feed of reducing agent feed channel (3) interrupted feed reducing agent are realized in control device control There is overlapping in the feed process of the interrupted feed oxidant in channel (4), it is work that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports, Make normality；

Or, the electrochemistry region (1) is connected to setting, the electricity with reducing agent feed channel (3) through reducing agent control switch (6) Chemical regions (1) are connected to setting, electrochemistry region (1) packet with oxidant feed channel (4) through oxidant control switch (7) Include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch (6) by control device controlled and the oxidant control switch (7) by Control device control realizes that reducing agent feed channel (3) are opened and oxidant feed channel (4) is discontinuously opened or institute State reducing agent control switch (6) by control device controlled and the oxidant control switch (7) by control device controlled realize institute It states oxidant feed channel (4) unlatching and reducing agent feed channel (3) is discontinuously opened, the electricity of the electrochemistry region (1) It is work normality that the export of son, which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region (1) be connected to through reducing agent control switch (6) with reducing agent feed channel (3) setting and it is described Electrochemistry region (1) is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel (4), and the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, The reducing agent control switch (6) is controlled by control device realizes that reducing agent feed channel (3) are discontinuously opened, the electrification It is work normality that the export of the electronics in school district domain (1), which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region (1) be connected to through oxidant control switch (7) with oxidant feed channel (4) setting and it is described Electrochemistry region (1) is connected to setting with reducing agent feed channel (3), and the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, The oxidant control switch (7) is controlled by control device realizes that oxidant feed channel (4) are discontinuously opened, the electrification It is work normality that the export of the electronics in school district domain (1), which imports,.

4. a kind of electrochemical appliance, including electrochemistry region (1), it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) is arranged in cavity (5) in, the cavity (5) is connected to setting, cavity (5) warp with reducing agent feed channel (3) through reducing agent control switch (6) Oxidant control switch (7) is connected to setting with oxidant feed channel (4), and the electrochemistry region (1) includes that alternating current connects Electric area, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) is through reducing agent control switch (6) and reduction Agent feed channel (3) connection setting, the cavity (5), which is connected to through oxidant control switch (7) with oxidant feed channel (4), to be set Set, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch (6) controlled by control device and The oxidant control switch (7) is controlled the process for realizing reducing agent feed channel (3) feed reducing agent by control device Alternately with the process of oxidant feed channel (4) feed oxidant, the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1) Importing is work normality；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) is through reducing agent control switch (6) and reduction Agent feed channel (3) connection setting, the cavity (5), which is connected to through oxidant control switch (7) with oxidant feed channel (4), to be set Set, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch (6) controlled by control device and The oxidant control switch (7) is controlled the process for realizing reducing agent feed channel (3) feed reducing agent by control device There is overlapping, the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1) with the process of oxidant feed channel (4) feed oxidant Importing is work normality；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) is through reducing agent control switch (6) and reduction Agent feed channel (3) connection setting, the cavity (5), which is connected to through oxidant control switch (7) with oxidant feed channel (4), to be set Set, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch (6) controlled by control device and The oxidant control switch (7) is controlled by control device realizes reducing agent feed channel (3) interrupted feed reducing agent There is overlapping, the electrification school district in the feed process of the interrupted feed oxidant of feed process and oxidant feed channel (4) It is work normality that the export of the electronics in domain (1), which imports,；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) is through reducing agent control switch (6) and reduction Agent feed channel (3) connection setting, the cavity (5), which is connected to through oxidant control switch (7) with oxidant feed channel (4), to be set Set, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch (6) controlled by control device and The oxidant control switch (7) is controlled by control device realizes reducing agent control switch (6) unlatching and the oxidant The reducing agent control switch (6) discontinuously unlatching and the oxidant control switch (7) are discontinuously opened or realized to control switch (7) It opens, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) is connected to reducing agent feed channel (3) to be set It sets, the cavity (5) is connected to setting, the electrochemistry region with oxidant feed channel (4) through oxidant control switch (7) It (1) include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the oxidant control switch (7) is controlled realization by control device and discontinuously opened, the electricity It is work normality that the export of the electronics of chemical regions (1), which imports,；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) is connected to oxidant feed channel (4) to be set It sets, the cavity (5) is connected to setting, the electrochemistry region with reducing agent feed channel (3) through reducing agent control switch (6) It (1) include the area alternating current Jie electricity, the reducing agent control switch (6) is controlled realization by control device and discontinuously opened, the electricity It is work normality that the export of the electronics of chemical regions (1), which imports,.

5. a kind of electrochemical appliance, including electrochemistry region (1), it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) and reducing agent and The mixture feed channel (8) of oxidant is connected to setting, and the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the electricity It is work normality that the export of the electronics of chemical regions (1), which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region (1) is connected to setting, the electrification with the mixture feed channel (8) of reducing agent and oxidant School district domain (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, mixture feed channel (8) continuous feeding mixture, the electrification school district It is work normality that the export of the electronics in domain (1), which imports,；

Or, the electrochemistry region (1) is connected to setting, the electrification with the mixture feed channel (8) of reducing agent and oxidant School district domain (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, the interrupted feed mixture in mixture feed channel (8), the electrification school district It is work normality that the export of the electronics in domain (1), which imports,.

6. a kind of electrochemical appliance, including electrochemistry region (1), it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) is arranged in cavity (5) in, the cavity (5) is connected to setting, the electrochemistry region with the mixture feed channel (8) of reducing agent and oxidant It (1) include the area alternating current Jie electricity, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) supplies with the mixture of reducing agent and oxidant Channel (8) connection setting is sent, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and mixture feed channel (8) is even Continuous feed mixture, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) supplies with the mixture of reducing agent and oxidant Channel (8) connection setting is sent, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and mixture feed channel (8) is disconnected Continuous feed mixture, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,.

7. a kind of electrochemical appliance, including electrochemistry region (1), it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) is through mixture control System switch (9) is connected to setting with the mixture feed channel (8) of reducing agent and oxidant, and the electrochemistry region (1) includes handing over The area time-dependent current Jie electricity, it is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,；

Or, mixture feed channel of the electrochemistry region (1) through mixture control switch (9) Yu reducing agent and oxidant (8) connection setting, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the mixture control switch (9) is filled by control It sets (10) control and realizes that mixture feed channel (8) continuous feeding mixture, the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1) are led Import out is work normality；

Or, mixture feed channel of the electrochemistry region (1) through mixture control switch (9) Yu reducing agent and oxidant (8) connection setting, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and the mixture control switch (9) is filled by control It sets (10) control and realizes that mixture feed channel (8) discontinuously feed mixture, the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1) are led Import out is work normality.

8. a kind of electrochemical appliance, including electrochemistry region (1), it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) is arranged in cavity (5) in, the cavity (5) is connected to the mixture feed channel (8) of reducing agent and oxidant through mixture control switch (9) and sets It sets, the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, and it is work that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports, Make normality；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) is through mixture control switch (9) and reduction Agent is connected to setting with the mixture feed channel (8) of oxidant, and the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, institute It states mixture control switch (9) and is controlled realization mixture feed channel (8) continuous feeding mixture by control device (10), It is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,；

Or, electrochemistry region (1) setting is in cavity (5), the cavity (5) is through mixture control switch (9) and reduction Agent is connected to setting with the mixture feed channel (8) of oxidant, and the electrochemistry region (1) includes the area alternating current Jie electricity, institute It states mixture control switch (9) and is controlled realization mixture feed channel (8) discontinuously feed mixture by control device (10), It is work normality that the export of the electronics of the electrochemistry region (1), which imports,.

9. the electrochemical appliance as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) and power supply Electric communication setting or the electrochemistry region (1) setting are in the electric field；Or, the electrochemistry region (1) and capacitor, direct current It is source, AC power source, alternating source, inductor conductor, inductance coil, charged particle pump, phase converter, reversing switch circuit, whole Flow device, electric field, oscillating circuit, motor, reversible electric machine, the motor with additional rotation inertia or its two conjunction, its three it Conjunction, its four conjunction, its five conjunction, its six conjunction, its seven conjunction, its eight conjunction, its nine conjunction, its ten it Conjunction, its 11 conjunction, the conjunction of its ten binomial, its 13 conjunction, its 14 conjunction, the effect of its 15 conjunction electricity are set It sets.

10. the electrochemical appliance as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) with lead Electric body has non-electronic conducting electrical relation, or, the electrochemistry region (1) and insulation, isolation space, electrolyte, electricity are situated between At least one of matter, capacitor, plasma, ionic liquid, ionized gas, solion and electronic conduction area have non-electronic Electrical relation is connected.

11. electrochemical appliance as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) and electric conductor have non-electrical Son conducting electrical relation, or, the electrochemistry region (1) and insulation, isolation space, electrolyte, dielectric, capacitor, etc. from At least one of daughter, ionic liquid, ionized gas, solion and electronic conduction area are closed with non-electronic conducting electricity System.

12. the electrochemical appliance as described in any one of claim 1 to 8 and 11, it is characterised in that: the electrochemistry region (1) Rotation setting.

13. electrochemical appliance as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: electrochemistry region (1) the rotation setting.

14. electrochemical appliance as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that: electrochemistry region (1) the rotation setting.

15. the electrochemical appliance as described in any one of claim 1 to 8 and 11 and 13 and 14, it is characterised in that: in the reduction Inert substance and/or dead band duration are inserted between agent and the oxidant.

16. electrochemical appliance as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: be inserted between the reducing agent and the oxidant Inert substance and/or dead band duration.

17. electrochemical appliance as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that: be inserted between the reducing agent and the oxidant Inert substance and/or dead band duration.

18. electrochemical appliance as claimed in claim 12, it is characterised in that: be inserted between the reducing agent and the oxidant Inert substance and/or dead band duration.