CN109800739A - Electric heating rotary kiln temperature-detecting device - Google Patents
Electric heating rotary kiln temperature-detecting device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention proposes the electric heating rotary kiln temperature-detecting devices of the rotary kiln electric heating equipment of both a kind of detection of comprehensive video and temperature sense, which includes power supply, processor module, temperature sense module, video detection module, analog-to-digital conversion module.The advantages of both device comprehensive utilizations, by relatively simple temperature control mechanism, realize good automatic temperature-adjusting control effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of temperature control, and in particular to a kind of electric heating rotary kiln temperature-detecting device and control
Method.
Background technique
Rotary kiln device has efficient heat-transfer capability and good mixed performance, the forging suitable for a variety of raw materials of industry
The processes such as burning, volatilization, isolation, are widely used in industries such as metallurgy, chemical industry, cement, paper dress, environmental protection.As typical multiple
Miscellaneous industrial equipment, Rotary Kiln Control method are the hot and difficult issues of research.Since rotary kiln has multivariable, non-linear and strong coupling
Characteristics, one relatively slow period of development experience that rotary kiln automatically controls, until Intelligent Control Theory starts to melt such as close
After entering complex industrial process control, successfully solves the problem of Rotary Kiln Control and is continually applied in production practices,
A large amount of theoretical result also produces therewith.So the research about Rotary Kiln Control theory is mostly mainly to grind with intelligent control
Study carefully direction, common are fuzzy, neural network, expert system and hybrid intelligent control etc..
The control target of rotary kiln is rationally to determine rotary system the characteristics of thermal decomposition in advance before entering kiln according to raw material
Wind, coal, material, kiln speed and each portion's temperature of system, pressure and other parameters, handle the correlation of rotary kiln and preheater, cooler well,
Stablize the thermal regulation of whole system, safeguard kliner coating, extend the operation cycle of zero defects, total efficiency, realizes high-quality, stable yields and low
Consumption production, while also to save energy consumption and reduce the pernicious gas content in exhaust gas.Wherein temperature is the key that Rotary Kiln Control.
Rotary kiln generally can be divided into three temperature band: three preheating zone, burning zone and insulation belt temperature are with respectively different effects.Object
Material preheats in preheating zone first, subsequently into burning zone.Burning zone is the major part of rotary kiln, in this temperature band into
Row oxidation --- reduction reaction.There is no the material sufficiently reacted further to react in burning zone in insulation belt.Burning zone temperature
Degree directly affects the performance of rotary kiln and the quality of product, is an important technological parameter, therefore it is required that must assure that in work
Skill requires within certain deviation range of temperature, and keeps stablizing as far as possible.It is exactly to require burning zone temperature from control effect analysis
Steady-state error or steady-state error very little is not present in degree control, and strong antijamming capability can be soon extensive once be interfered
Original state is arrived again.
However, at actually control scene, environmental condition is sufficiently complex although having there is a large amount of theoretical result, therefore,
Control effect is not still very ideal, analyzes reason, the controlling difficulties of calcined by rotary kiln temperature mainly include the following:
(1) physical-chemical reaction process complexity, heat transfer process are complicated in rotary kiln, and service condition and operating condition change
Greatly, such as kiln liner, the thickness of kliner coating, raw slurry flow, moisture, ingredient, fuel coal quality variation are frequent, and there are non-linear, big
Inertia, it is difficult to establish accurate mathematical model.
(2) key process parameter calcination band temperature is difficult to measure, and fiber ratio color temperature measurer is installed before kiln and measures burning zone
There is detection lag, and cloud of dust mist serious interference of being pollinated in temperature of charge.
(3) big with ambient enviroment contact area since rotary kiln volume is larger, it is easy to by the interference of external environment,
There are more uncertain factors, to increase the difficulty for accurately controlling calcination temperature.
(4) up to the present, most of rotary kilns are all based on conventional PID control, but rotary kiln operating condition is changeable,
PID controller tends not to obtain satisfied control effect.On the one hand, during actual use in the related transducer of specific position
The precision of device is difficult to grasp degree of aging in real time, is unfavorable for retrofit;On the other hand, mostly in practical application is by skilled
Operator obtains relatively satisfactory result by constantly modifying controller parameter.Many times are not only expended in this way, and
And once environment, condition change, then must setting parameter again, otherwise will be unable to the control effect obtained.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above analysis, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind, and the above-mentioned electricity of rotary kiln in the prior art to be overcome to add
Many defects existing for the automatic temperature-adjusting control of hot equipment, for example, temperature control effect is bad or Control system architecture is huge
Greatly, cost is excessively high and control flow and algorithm it is excessively complicated, therefore the invention proposes a kind of detection of comprehensive video and temperature
The advantages of automatic temperature control apparatus and control method of the rotary kiln electric heating equipment of both degree inductions, both comprehensive utilizations,
By relatively simple temperature control system framework and control method, good automatic temperature-adjusting control effect is realized.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions.
Technical solution of the present invention is related to a kind of electric heating rotary kiln temperature-detecting device, which includes power supply, processing
Device module, temperature sense module, video detection module, analog-to-digital conversion module, temperature sense module are used to incude the temperature in kiln,
Its signal exports after signal processing module is handled, and send to analog-to-digital conversion module, then handled by processor module, and regards
Frequency detection module simultaneously also detects rotary kiln, and detection image signal, which is also sent to processor module, to be handled, processor
The kiln temperature data that module is obtained according to temperature sense module are carried out referring to the kiln temperature data that video detection module obtains
Correction.
Further, the reference voltage of 3.3V is converted to constant current using amplifier by temperature sense module, works as electric current
It will generate voltage drop when flowing through thermal resistance (Rt), then be amplified the weak pressure drop signal by amplifier, by amplified letter
Number be sent into analog-to-digital conversion module.
Further, video detection module includes video acquisition processing module, the module include deformation machine learning module,
Rotary kiln kiln hood image feature value seeks module, and extends image function foundation and processing module:
Deformation machine learning module, for carrying out video acquisition rotary kiln kiln hood image to obtain the heating in kiln cylinder body
Before situation image, picture centre is initially set up to image edge direction plane deformation updating formula, wherein due to video detection
Module camera lens is not exclusively parallel with imaging plane, therefore has the image deformation on the injustice line direction, i.e. generation strain image:
Wherein, (x, y) indicates the initial position of image, (xc,yc) be correction after position, r indicate the shape away from imaging center
Displacement is from k1And k2For it is described from center to edge direction on deformation coefficient, | | Rarea(x, y) | | it is the mould of definite integral parameter
Value;
In the kiln hood side for the rotary kiln that video detection module faces, 1/8,1/16,1/32 mark that 3 length are r is set
Ruler, one end of three scales are arranged in kiln hood side and are located at kiln cylinder body end and respectively along the disc of kiln hood and the tangent formation of kiln cylinder body
On, the other end of each scale is located at outside kiln cylinder body in kiln hood side and respectively along kiln hood and the disc of the tangent formation of kiln cylinder body
Radial direction extends outwardly, and three scales are spaced each other 120 ° of settings, passes through length in video detection module acquired image
Image of the smallest scale after deformation, i.e. length in image deformation and the ratio of its physical length are calculated as initial value, to be based on
The ratio of length and its physical length of the mode of meanshift algorithm to other two scale in image deformation carries out respectively
Iteration, the result of iteration is respectively as k1And k2;
Rotary kiln kiln hood image feature value seeks module, right for generating color image I to image progress compressing and converting
The black white image answered i.e. monochrome image is I ', and monochrome image gray value g is by color space linear expression are as follows:
G=αrIr+αgIg+αbIb
Wherein αr>=0, αg>=0, αb>=0, αr+αg+αb=1
α in formular, αg, αbFor optional parameters, Ir, Ig, IbIt is the color channel values of image I;
Building such as minor function V:
In formula, x, y are pixel, gx, gyThe respectively single color gradation value of x and y two o'clock, δX, yColor is converted into for image I
The European measurement of x when the model space, y pixel carries out monochrome image dimensionality reduction to above-mentioned function V using GAUSS sliding average
Processing, obtains different monochrome images:
Establish function L (x, y, σ, ρ)=ρ I ' (x, y) G (x, y, σ)
In formula, x, y are monochrome image coordinate value, and σ is scale factor, and ρ is zoom factor, and monochrome image is I ' (x, y);
Extend image function to establish and processing module, for building strain image to the elongated area extended outside kiln cylinder body
It is vertical to extend image function fc(L (x, y, σ, ρ)), wherein L (x, y, σ, ρ) is standardized as [0,1], extends image function are as follows:
Wherein, λ is to extend slope, and the autocorrelation matrix of each pixel is calculated using Harris's matrix:
Wherein x, y are pixel coordinate, and N is image size, then extend the characteristic response function of image function are as follows:
R (x, y, c)=detA (x, y, fc)-k (traceA (x, y, fc))2
Wherein, k be invariant and its be k1And k2Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value;
It is obtained using definite integral is cumulative:
Further, processor module is obtained according to the temperature data that temperature sense module obtains with video detection module
It is corrected with the kiln temperature data that kiln hood image represents, temperature control, the processor module packet is carried out according to correction result
It includes heat setup module and temperature model establishes module:
Heat setup module, for the initial temperature and environment temperature T in rotary kiln1When identical, if rotary kiln is in t moment
Temperature be T (t), heat be Q (t), then have:
Q (t)=Q1(t)+Q2(t)
In formula, Q1(t) --- the heat that rotary kiln itself generates;
Q2(t) --- the heat of transmission;
In formula, C is the thermal capacity of rotary kiln, and s is the corrected rear and temperature of kiln hood image that video detection module obtains
The color difference ratio of kiln hood image when for initial temperature;
Then the heat of rotary kiln is expressed as:
Temperature model establishes module, for obtaining to formula progress Laplace transform:
Establish the temperature model of rotary kiln are as follows:
K=aR, T=CR are enabled, then is had:
Wherein, K is amplification coefficient, and T is time constant, and τ is lag time.
Technical solution of the present invention has the advantage that
Both the present invention temperature control mode compound by creatively proposition video detection and temperature sense, comprehensively utilize
Advantage, and specifically propose the concrete mode of image procossing in the circuit structure and video detection of temperature sense module, base
It is corrected in the machine vision information of thermal imaging, gives relatively reliable and accurate temperature controlled model, pass through
The practical control at MATLAB l-G simulation test and scene realizes good automatic temperature-adjusting control effect by verifying.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the structure principle chart of control device of the present invention;
Attached drawing 2 is the circuit diagram of temperature sense module of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Be the structure principle chart of electric heating rotary kiln temperature-detecting device of the present invention referring to Fig. 1, the device include power supply,
Processor module, temperature sense module, video detection module, analog-to-digital conversion module, temperature sense module is for incuding in kiln
Temperature, signal are exported after signal processing module is handled, are sent to analog-to-digital conversion module, then carried out by processor module
Reason, and video detection module simultaneously also detects rotary kiln, detection image signal also send to processor module and is handled,
The kiln temperature number that the kiln temperature data that processor module is obtained according to temperature sense module are obtained referring to video detection module
According to being corrected.
Preferably, the circuit diagram of temperature sense module as shown in Figure 2, temperature sense module is using amplifier by 3.3V's
Reference voltage is converted to constant current, voltage drop will be generated when electric current flows through thermal resistance (Rt), then should by amplifier
Amplified signal is being sent into analog-to-digital conversion module by weak pressure drop signal amplification.
Preferably, video detection module includes video acquisition processing module, which includes deformation machine learning module, rotation
Rotary kiln kiln hood image feature value seeks module, and extends image function foundation and processing module:
Deformation machine learning module, for carrying out video acquisition rotary kiln kiln hood image to obtain the heating in kiln cylinder body
Before situation image, picture centre is initially set up to image edge direction plane deformation updating formula, wherein due to video detection
Module camera lens is not exclusively parallel with imaging plane, therefore has the image deformation on the injustice line direction, i.e. generation strain image:
Wherein, (x, y) indicates the initial position of image, (xc, yc) be correction after position, r indicate away from imaging center
Deformation distance, k1And k2For it is described from center to edge direction on deformation coefficient, | | Rarea(x, y) | | for definite integral parameter
Modulus value;
In the kiln hood side for the rotary kiln that video detection module faces, 1/8,1/16,1/32 mark that 3 length are r is set
Ruler, one end of three scales are arranged in kiln hood side and are located at kiln cylinder body end and respectively along the disc of kiln hood and the tangent formation of kiln cylinder body
On, the other end of each scale is located at outside kiln cylinder body in kiln hood side and respectively along kiln hood and the disc of the tangent formation of kiln cylinder body
Radial direction extends outwardly, and three scales are spaced each other 120 ° of settings, passes through length in video detection module acquired image
Image of the smallest scale after deformation, i.e. length in image deformation and the ratio of its physical length are calculated as initial value, to be based on
The ratio of length and its physical length of the mode of meanshift algorithm to other two scale in image deformation carries out respectively
Iteration, the result of iteration is respectively as k1And k2;
Rotary kiln kiln hood image feature value seeks module, right for generating color image I to image progress compressing and converting
The black white image answered i.e. monochrome image is I ', and monochrome image gray value g is by color space linear expression are as follows:
G=αrIr+αgIg+αbIb
Wherein αr>=0, αg>=0, αb>=0, αr+αg+αb=1
α in formular, αg, αbFor optional parameters, Ir, Ig, IbIt is the color channel values of image I;
Building such as minor function V:
In formula, x, y are pixel, gx, gyThe respectively single color gradation value of x and y two o'clock, δX, yColor is converted into for image I
The European measurement of x when the model space, y pixel carries out monochrome image dimensionality reduction to above-mentioned function V using GAUSS sliding average
Processing, obtains different monochrome images:
Establish function L (x, y, σ, ρ)=ρ I ' (x, y) G (x, y, σ)
In formula, x, y are monochrome image coordinate value, and σ is scale factor, and ρ is zoom factor, and monochrome image is I ' (x, y);
Extend image function to establish and processing module, for building strain image to the elongated area extended outside kiln cylinder body
It is vertical to extend image function fc(L (x, y, σ, ρ)), wherein L (x, y, σ, ρ) is standardized as [0,1], extends image function are as follows:
Wherein, λ is to extend slope, and the autocorrelation matrix of each pixel is calculated using Harris's matrix:
Wherein x, y are pixel coordinate, and N is image size, then extend the characteristic response function of image function are as follows:
R (x, y, c)=detA (x, y, fc)-k (traceA (x, y, fc))2
Wherein, k be invariant and its be k1And k2Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value;
It is obtained using definite integral is cumulative:
Preferably, processor module according to the temperature data that temperature sense module obtains with video detection module obtain with
The kiln temperature data that kiln hood image represents are corrected, and carry out temperature control according to correction result, which includes
Heat setup module and temperature model establish module:
Heat setup module, for the initial temperature and environment temperature T in rotary kiln1When identical, if rotary kiln is in t moment
Temperature be T (t), heat be Q (t), then have:
Q (t)=Q1(t)+Q2(t)
In formula, Q1(t) --- the heat that rotary kiln itself generates;
Q2(t) --- the heat of transmission;
In formula, C is the thermal capacity of rotary kiln, and s is the corrected rear and temperature of kiln hood image that video detection module obtains
The color difference ratio of kiln hood image when for initial temperature;
Then the heat of rotary kiln is expressed as:
Temperature model establishes module, for obtaining to formula progress Laplace transform:
Establish the temperature model of rotary kiln are as follows:
K=aR, T=CR are enabled, then is had:
Wherein, K is amplification coefficient, and T is time constant, and τ is lag time.
After establishing model, processor is according to the temperature automatic control of the model realization rotary kiln.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of electric heating rotary kiln temperature-detecting device, which is characterized in that the device includes power supply, processor module, temperature
Induction module, video detection module, analog-to-digital conversion module, temperature sense module are used to incude the temperature in kiln, signal output
It after signal processing module is handled, send to analog-to-digital conversion module, then is handled by processor module, and video detection module
Also rotary kiln is detected simultaneously, detection image signal, which is also sent to processor module, to be handled, and processor module is according to temperature
The kiln temperature data that degree induction module obtains are corrected referring to the kiln temperature data that video detection module obtains.
2. electric heating rotary kiln temperature-detecting device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that temperature sense module utilizes
The reference voltage of 3.3V is converted to constant current by amplifier, and voltage drop will be generated when electric current flows through thermal resistance (Rt), then
The weak pressure drop signal is amplified by amplifier, amplified signal is being sent into analog-to-digital conversion module.
3. electric heating rotary kiln temperature-detecting device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that video detection module includes
Video acquisition processing module, the module include that deformation machine learning module, rotary kiln kiln hood image feature value seek module, and
Extend image function foundation and processing module:
Deformation machine learning module, for carrying out video acquisition rotary kiln kiln hood image to obtain the heated condition in kiln cylinder body
Before image, picture centre is initially set up to image edge direction plane deformation updating formula, wherein due to video detection module
Camera lens is not exclusively parallel with imaging plane, therefore has the image deformation on the injustice line direction, i.e. generation strain image:
Wherein, (x, y) indicates the initial position of image, (xc, yc) be correction after position, r indicate the deformation away from imaging center away from
From k1And k2For it is described from center to edge direction on deformation coefficient, Rarea(x, y) is the modulus value of definite integral parameter;
In the kiln hood side for the rotary kiln that video detection module faces, 1/8,1/16,1/32 scale that 3 length are r is set,
One end of three scales is arranged in kiln hood side and is located at kiln cylinder body end and respectively along the disc of kiln hood and the tangent formation of kiln cylinder body,
The other end of each scale is located at outside kiln cylinder body in kiln hood side and respectively along the half of kiln hood and the disc of the tangent formation of kiln cylinder body
Diameter direction extends outwardly, and three scales are spaced each other 120 ° of settings, most by length in video detection module acquired image
Image of the small scale after deformation, i.e. length in image deformation and the ratio of its physical length are calculated as initial value, to be based on
The ratio of length and its physical length of the mode of meanshift algorithm to other two scale in image deformation carries out respectively
Iteration, the result of iteration is respectively as k1And k2;
Rotary kiln kiln hood image feature value seeks module, corresponding for generating color image I to image progress compressing and converting
Black white image, that is, monochrome image is I ', and monochrome image gray value g is by color space linear expression are as follows:
G=αrIr+αgIg+αbIb
Wherein αr>=0, αg>=0, αb>=0, αr+αg+αb=1
α in formular, αg, αbFor optional parameters, Ir, Ig, IbIt is the color channel values of image I;
Building such as minor function V:
In formula, x, y are pixel, gx, gyThe respectively single color gradation value of x and y two o'clock, δX, yColour model is converted into for image I
The European measurement of x when space, y pixel carries out monochrome image dimension-reduction treatment to above-mentioned function V using GAUSS sliding average,
Obtain different monochrome images:
Establish function L (x, y, σ, ρ)=ρ I ' (x, y) G (x, y, σ)
In formula, x, y are monochrome image coordinate value, and σ is scale factor, and ρ is zoom factor, and monochrome image is I ' (x, y):
Extend image function to establish and processing module, prolong for being established to strain image to the elongated area extended outside kiln cylinder body
Stretch image function fc(L (x, y, σ, ρ)), wherein L (x, y, σ, ρ) is standardized as [0,1], extends image function are as follows:
Wherein, λ is to extend slope, and the autocorrelation matrix of each pixel is calculated using Harris's matrix:
Wherein x, y are pixel coordinate, and N is image size, then extend the characteristic response function of image function are as follows:
R (x, y, c)=detA (x, y, fc)-k (traceA (x, y, fc))2
Wherein, k be invariant and its be k1And k2Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value;
It is obtained using definite integral is cumulative:
4. electric heating rotary kiln temperature-detecting device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that processor module is according to temperature
The temperature data that degree induction module obtains is carried out with the kiln temperature data represented with kiln hood image that video detection module obtains
Correction carries out temperature control according to correction result, which includes that heat setup module and temperature model establish module:
Heat setup module, when identical as environment temperature T1 for the initial temperature in rotary kiln, if rotary kiln is in the temperature of t moment
Degree is T (t), and heat is Q (t), then has:
Q (t)=Q1(t)+Q2(t)
In formula, Q1(t) --- the heat that rotary kiln itself generates;
Q2(t) --- the heat of transmission;
In formula, C is the thermal capacity of rotary kiln, and s is that the corrected rear and temperature of kiln hood image that video detection module obtains is
The color difference ratio of kiln hood image when beginning temperature;
Then the heat of rotary kiln is expressed as:
Temperature model establishes module, for obtaining to formula progress Laplace transform:
Establish the temperature model of rotary kiln are as follows:
K=aR, T=CR are enabled, then is had:
Wherein, K is amplification coefficient, and T is time constant, and τ is lag time.
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