CN109799531A - A kind of fracture reservoir prediction technique based on earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of fracture reservoir prediction technique based on earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties, is under the jurisdiction of oil gas geophysics reservoir prediction field, it is desirable to provide a kind of fracture reservoir analytical technology for accurately identifying different scale crack and prediction distribution rule.The following steps are included: 1. extracting the frequency dividing coherence properties of purpose of horizon different frequency, and carry out enhancing processing；2. dividing coherence properties data to gridding treated purpose of horizon, the average value and variance on 4 vertex of each grid are calculated；3. the range of statistical variance value takes the intermediate value of the range, the average value of the corresponding all grids of the value is counted, the threshold values for dividing seam unit and non-seam unit is set according to statistical result, quickly and effectively obtains the distribution situation in crack；4. to being the grid for stitching unit in two different frequency purpose of horizon frequency dividing coherence properties data, vertex average value away from nearest non-seam unit is assigned to 4 vertex of the grid in upper frequency, the part being overlapped in the results of fracture prediction of upper frequency with the results of fracture prediction of lower frequency can be effectively removed；5. utilizing the frequency dividing coherence properties data through above-mentioned steps treated purpose of horizon different frequency, by plane at figure, fracture reservoir prediction is realized.The present invention is based on purpose of horizon to divide coherence properties data, divides seam unit and non-seam unit, compares the distribution situation for stitching unit in different frequency data, remove intersection, complete to different scale crack accurately identify and the Accurate Prediction of the regularity of distribution.
Description
Technical field
It is a kind of based on poststack 3-D seismics the present invention relates to the fracture reservoir forecasting problem in oil gas geophysics field
The fracture reservoir prediction technique of attributive analysis, for provide it is a kind of accurately identify different scale crack and prediction distribution rule split
Stitch reservoir prediction analytical technology.
Background technique
Poststack 3-D seismics attributive analysis is the important method of crack identification and prediction, detects crack master using seismic properties
There are coherent body, curvature, inclination angle etc. according to the discontinuity of seismic waveform.Since crack has multiple dimensioned property, how to difference
Crack carries out accurate characterization, the prediction to the identification in different scale crack, the regularity of distribution, is the emphasis and difficulty of research all the time
Point.Based on many scholars at home and abroad propose some technology and methods, such as Zhang Guangzhi (2011) is converted by Curvelet,
Different reconstruction coefficients are given in bent wave zone, the seismic data cube of prominent different frequency bands and different direction are obtained, in conjunction with phase
Stem body edge detecting technology predicts fracture and Fractured Zone and its trend；Guo Rui etc. (2014) proposes that one kind is based on
The crack analysis method of high frequency recovery and multi-resolution decomposition, widens the frequency band of three dimensional seismic data, and seismic channel is decomposed into correspondence
The data volume of different scale (corresponding with reconstruct wavelet dominant frequency), analyzes crack using relevant and curvature attributes, portrays different rulers
Spend lower formation fracture development behavior and distribution characteristics；Wu Peng etc. (2011) is carried out high-precision using the coherence properties technology that small echo divides
Spend the explanation in crack, geology body characteristics.Mainly rear 3D seismic data carries out multi-resolution decomposition to above method through the stack, then
In conjunction with poststack 3-D seismics attribute analysis technology relevant to crack, the crack of different scale and prediction distribution rule are identified.But
Above method all has a problem that: the poststack 3D seismic data based on different decomposition scale carries out FRACTURE PREDICTION, obtains
As a result there is intersection, cause true to the identification in different scale crack and the forecasting inaccuracy of the regularity of distribution.Base of the present invention as a result,
In poststack 3-D seismics attribute analysis technology, it is contemplated that FRACTURE PREDICTION knot of the crack in the seismic data based on different decomposition scale
Distribution characteristics having the same in fruit, the present invention will based on this, accurately identify crack and the prediction distribution rule of different scale
Rule.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of fracture reservoir forecast analysis technology based on earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties, effective to solve
Certainly different scale crack is accurately identified and the problem of prediction distribution rule.Using spectra decomposition to seismic data into
Row processing is analyzed and extracts frequency dividing attribute；The frequency dividing coherence properties of different frequency are obtained in conjunction with seismic coherence attribute analysis technology
Body；Using the seismic horizon explained, the frequency dividing coherence properties of purpose of horizon different frequency are extracted；To the frequency dividing phase of purpose of horizon
Dry attribute carries out gridding processing, and statisticallys analyze the vertex average value and variance of all grids, is drawn according to statistic analysis result
Divide grid property；The distribution situation that unit grid is stitched in omparison purpose layer position different frequency data, finds out intersection, i.e. certain net
Lattice are seam unit in the data of different frequency, are handled this kind of grid in higher frequency data；After processing
Purpose of horizon different frequency frequency dividing coherence properties, carry out fracture reservoir prediction.
Specific steps of the invention include:
(1) time frequency analysis based on continuous wavelet transform is carried out to poststack 3D seismic data first, analysis is found out effectively
Seismic band range generates a series of single-frequency data volume of different frequencies using frequency filtering technology in the range.
(2) on obtained single-frequency data volume, coherence properties extraction is carried out using third generation coherent algorithm, obtains different frequencies
The frequency dividing coherence properties body of rate；
(3) enhancing processing is carried out to the frequency dividing coherence properties body of different frequency；
(4) interpreted good seismic horizon is utilized, for specific on the frequency dividing coherence properties body handled through step (3)
Purpose of horizon, extract the frequency dividing coherence properties of corresponding layer position；
(5) gridding processing is carried out to the frequency dividing coherence properties data of purpose of horizon, calculates the flat of 4 vertex of each grid
Mean value and variance；The variance on the vertex of all grids is counted, its distribution is obtained；It takes in variance distribution
Value finds out the grid that all variances are the value, counts the vertex average value of these grids, sets one further according to the result of statistics
Threshold value to stitch unit, otherwise is non-seam unit when the vertex average value of grid is greater than threshold value；
(6) distribution for comparing the seam unit and non-seam unit of two different frequency purpose of horizon frequency dividing coherence properties data, when
Grid is seam unit in the result of two frequencies, then carries out assignment processing to 4 vertex of the grid in upper frequency, tax
Value is the non-seam unit vertex average value nearest apart from the grid.
(7) FRACTURE PREDICTION is carried out using the frequency dividing coherence properties through treated purpose of horizon different frequency.
The present invention is a kind of fracture reservoir prediction technique based on earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties, has following features, mainly
It shows themselves in that
(1) coherence properties data are divided to gridding treated purpose of horizon earthquake, calculates 4 tops of each grid
The average value and variance, the range of statistical variance value of point, take the intermediate value of the range, count being averaged for the corresponding all grids of the value
Value sets the threshold values for dividing seam unit and non-seam unit according to statistical result, can quickly and effectively obtain the distribution feelings in crack
Condition；
(2) to being the grid for stitching unit in two different frequency purpose of horizon frequency dividing coherence properties data, to higher-frequency
4 vertex of the grid carry out assignment in rate, and assigned value is the vertex average value of the non-seam unit nearest apart from the grid, can
It is divided with effectively removing in the results of fracture prediction based on upper frequency earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties with based on lower frequency earthquake
The forecasting inaccuracy of the part that the results of fracture prediction of coherence properties is overlapped, the identification and the regularity of distribution that solve different scale crack is true
The problem of.
Specific embodiment
A kind of fracture reservoir prediction technique based on earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties, specific implementation step are as follows:
(1) it extracts purpose of horizon and divides coherence properties
Step 1: small echo divides attributes extraction:
1. using small echo to carry out time frequency analysis to seismic data for the continuous wavelet transform of Morlet small echo, by seismic data
Body transforms to frequency domain from time-domain；
2. calculating the frequency spectrum at each seismic channel all time points, the earthquake for generating frequency altogether is then rearranged according to frequency
Data；
Step 2: the single-frequency seismic data for the different frequency that step 1 obtains is calculated using third generation coherent algorithm
The coherence properties body of different frequency single-frequency seismic data cube；
Step 3: enhancing processing is carried out to the coherence properties body for the different frequency that step 2 is calculated；
Step 4: interpreted good seismic horizon is utilized, for spy on the frequency dividing coherence properties body handled through step 4
Fixed purpose of horizon extracts the frequency dividing coherence properties of corresponding layer position；
(2) FRACTURE PREDICTION is carried out based on purpose of horizon frequency dividing coherence properties
Step 1: the distribution characteristics in crack in analysis purpose of horizon different frequency frequency dividing coherence properties data:
1. the frequency dividing coherence properties data to purpose of horizon different frequency carry out gridding processing, and calculate each grid 4
The average value and variance on a vertex；
2. counting to the variance on the vertex of all grids, its distribution is obtained；The intermediate value of variance distribution is taken,
The grid that all variances are the value is found out, the vertex average value of these grids is counted, sets a threshold further according to the result of statistics
Value to stitch unit, otherwise is non-seam unit, obtains purpose of horizon different frequency when the vertex average value of grid is greater than threshold value
Divide the distribution characteristics in crack in coherence properties data；
Step 2: point of the seam unit of the frequency dividing coherence properties data of omparison purpose two different frequency of layer position and non-seam unit
Cloth then carries out at assignment 4 vertex of the grid in upper frequency when grid is seam unit in the result of two frequencies
Reason, assigned value are the non-seam unit vertex average value nearest apart from the unit grid.Grid 1 and grid are calculated using following formula
The distance between 2:
In formula: a, b are respectively the vertical survey line number and cross-track number of the bottom right vertex of grid 1, and i, j are respectively grid 2
The vertical survey line number and cross-track number of bottom right vertex, Δ x are vertical survey line spacing, and Δ y is cross-track spacing.
Step 3: utilize the frequency dividing coherence properties data through treated purpose of horizon different frequency, by plane at
Figure, obtains the graphical effect of FRACTURE PREDICTION, to realize the prediction of fracture reservoir.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of fracture reservoir prediction technique based on earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties, it is characterised in that using a kind of completely new side
Method, such as following steps:
(1) using poststack 3D seismic data as research object, using small echo is the continuous wavelet transform of Morlet small echo to earthquake
Data carry out time frequency analysis, and seismic data is transformed to frequency domain from time-domain, are generated using frequency filtering technology a series of
The single-frequency data volume of different frequency obtains the earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties body of different frequency using third generation coherent algorithm；
(2) enhancing processing is carried out to the earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties body of different frequency, the interpreted good seismic horizon of utilization mentions
Take the frequency dividing coherence properties of corresponding layer position；
(3) gridding processing is carried out to the frequency dividing coherence properties data of purpose of horizon, calculates the average value on each 4 vertex of grid
With variance, the variance on the vertex of all grids is counted, obtains its distribution, the intermediate value of the range is taken, finds out variance
For the grid of the value, the vertex average value of these grids is counted, a threshold value is set further according to the result of statistics, when the top of grid
It to stitch unit, otherwise is non-seam unit when point average value is greater than the threshold value；
(4) distribution for comparing the seam unit and non-seam unit of two different frequency purpose of horizon frequency dividing coherence properties data, works as grid
It is seam unit in the result of two frequencies, then assignment processing is carried out to 4 vertex of the grid in upper frequency, assigned value is
The non-seam unit vertex average value nearest apart from the grid, using formula (1) calculate between grid 1 and 2 central point of grid away from
From:
In formula: a, b are respectively the vertical survey line number and cross-track number of the bottom right vertex of grid 1, and i, j are respectively the bottom right of grid 2
The vertical survey line number and cross-track number on vertex, Δ x are vertical survey line spacing, and Δ y is cross-track spacing；
(5) FRACTURE PREDICTION is carried out using the frequency dividing coherence properties through treated purpose of horizon different frequency.
2. a kind of fracture reservoir prediction technique based on earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties according to claim 1, feature exist
In: coherence properties data are divided to gridding treated purpose of horizon earthquake, calculate being averaged for 4 vertex of each grid
Value and variance, the range of statistical variance value take the intermediate value of the range, count the average value of the corresponding all grids of the value, according to
Statistical result setting divides the threshold values of seam unit and non-seam unit, quickly and effectively obtains the distribution situation in crack.
3. a kind of fracture reservoir prediction technique based on earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties according to claim 1, feature exist
In: to being the grid for stitching unit in two different frequency purpose of horizon frequency dividing coherence properties data, to the net in upper frequency
4 vertex of lattice carry out assignment, and assigned value is the vertex average value of the non-seam unit nearest apart from the grid, can effectively go
Except in the results of fracture prediction based on upper frequency earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties and based on lower frequency earthquake frequency dividing coherence properties
Results of fracture prediction be overlapped part, calculate grid element center point between distance use formula 1.
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| CN111239817A (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2020-06-05 | 成都理工大学 | Method for improving fault likelihood attribute analysis precision |
| CN111399056A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-10 | 西南石油大学 | Method for predicting crack strength based on divided azimuth filtering |
| CN112415586A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-26 | 北京孚梅森石油科技有限公司 | Slurry leakage risk assessment method and device |
| CN112649863A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2021-04-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Frequency division seismic attribute data optimization method and system |
| CN116520419A (en) * | 2023-05-05 | 2023-08-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Hot fluid crack channel identification method |
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