CN109798489B - Lighting device and automobile lighting lamp - Google Patents
Lighting device and automobile lighting lamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN109798489B CN109798489B CN201711142170.3A CN201711142170A CN109798489B CN 109798489 B CN109798489 B CN 109798489B CN 201711142170 A CN201711142170 A CN 201711142170A CN 109798489 B CN109798489 B CN 109798489B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
- F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/04—Optical design
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
- F21V7/28—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by coatings
- F21V7/30—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by coatings the coatings comprising photoluminescent substances
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
- F21V9/20—Dichroic filters, i.e. devices operating on the principle of wave interference to pass specific ranges of wavelengths while cancelling others
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention protects a lighting device comprising: a laser light source for emitting excitation light; the wavelength conversion device is arranged on a light path of the exciting light and is used for absorbing at least part of the exciting light and emitting the excited light and the unabsorbed exciting light, the wavelength conversion device comprises a light conversion element, the light conversion element is single crystal or transparent ceramic, and the light conversion element comprises an incident surface, an emitting surface and a side surface; a diffuse reflection mirror provided on an optical axis of the light conversion element for reflecting the unabsorbed excitation light and enlarging a light divergence angle thereof; and the received laser emitted by the wavelength conversion device and the exciting light emitted by the diffuse reflection mirror are combined to form the emergent light of the illumination device. The lighting device can provide lighting light with high brightness and good safety performance. The invention also protects an automobile lighting lamp comprising the lighting device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of illumination, in particular to an illuminating device and an automobile illuminating lamp.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the specific embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
In the existing automobile lighting technology, an LED lamp, a xenon lamp and a halogen lamp are the most widely used light sources. However, these light sources have the disadvantages of insufficient brightness, insufficient life span, and insufficient illumination distance due to large beam divergence angle. As an emerging lighting technology, laser headlamps have been emerging on a small number of vehicle models. The illumination mode has high brightness and long service life, and the emitted light beams can be emitted in a concentrated manner towards one direction due to the characteristic of small collimation divergence angle of the laser beams, so that the illumination distance is greatly increased. However, the existing laser headlamps are mainly used as the high beam of the vehicle, and usually form a high beam system together with the LED lamp set, and are turned on only when the vehicle reaches a certain speed, so that the possibility of replacing other headlamps by the laser headlamps is not seen in recent years. The main reason is that the divergence angle of the laser is small, and the laser is difficult to diffuse to meet the requirement of the irradiation range; secondly, the heat generated by the laser-excited fluorescent powder is concentrated, and the existing luminescent material selection and light path structure design scheme is difficult to realize in order to obtain the brightness which is thermally stable and is enough to provide a high beam lamp or a low beam lamp independently.
The existing laser headlamp usually adopts monochromatic blue laser to excite a yellow fluorescent material to obtain a white light source with color coordinates meeting the automobile lighting standard, in the prior art, the yellow fluorescent material is usually YAG: Ce, and the three forms are as follows: fluorescent material of organic carrier system, silica gel or epoxy resin, as adhesive, with YAG Ce phosphor powder dispersed therein; secondly, the fluorescent material of the glass system is obtained by uniformly mixing glass powder and YAG and Ce fluorescent powder and then carrying out high-temperature melting treatment, in the fluorescent material in the form, the glass is used as a binder, and the fluorescent powder is dispersed in the binder; and thirdly, the porous luminescent ceramic-YAG and Ce fluorescent ceramic is used as a main body material, and the air holes are used as scattering centers to be dispersed in the fluorescent ceramic. The fluorescent materials in the three forms have poor thermal conductivity, and heat in the fluorescent materials is accumulated under the excitation of high-power laser, so that the luminous performance and the service life of the fluorescent materials are seriously influenced.
The transparent luminescent ceramic has better heat-conducting property compared with the three fluorescent materials, and is applied to the field of LED illumination. However, unlike the three fluorescent materials, the transparent luminescent ceramic lacks scattering centers, and the laser light that has passed through the transparent luminescent ceramic without being absorbed still exits in the original propagation direction. Since the light emission of the LED chip itself is lambertian distributed light, light with a large divergence angle can be obtained even through the transparent luminescent ceramic, and thus the transparent luminescent ceramic is completely suitable for LED illumination. However, the combination of laser light and transparent luminescent ceramics is different, and in laser light with a small divergence angle, the unabsorbed part is emitted at a small divergence angle directly, and the distribution of the light is completely different from that of the received laser light, so that the distribution of the whole emitted light is not uniform. Thus, transparent luminescent ceramics have long been considered unsuitable for high brightness laser remote excitation illumination.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect that the laser headlamp in the prior art is difficult to bear the illumination of a vehicle independently due to the problems of divergence angle and thermal stability, the invention provides an illuminating device with high brightness, good divergence effect and good safety performance, which comprises: a laser light source for emitting excitation light; the wavelength conversion device is arranged on a light path of the exciting light and is used for absorbing at least part of the exciting light and emitting the excited light and the unabsorbed exciting light, the wavelength conversion device comprises a light conversion element, the light conversion element is single crystal or transparent ceramic, and the light conversion element comprises an incident surface, an emitting surface and a side surface; a diffuse reflection mirror provided on an optical axis of the light conversion element for reflecting the unabsorbed excitation light and enlarging a light divergence angle thereof; and the received laser emitted by the wavelength conversion device and the exciting light emitted by the diffuse reflection mirror are combined to form the emergent light of the illumination device.
In one embodiment, the light conversion element is a YAG: Ce single crystal or a YAG: Ce transparent ceramic. The light conversion element can emit yellow light under the excitation of blue light, and the yellow light and the blue light are combined into white light so as to adapt to the illumination requirement of the white light. The single crystal or transparent ceramic appears yellowish and transparent when observed by naked eyes.
In one embodiment, the side surface is a polished surface, and the roughness of the side surface is less than 100 nm. By polishing the side faces so that the side faces are "almost smooth", when the light propagating inside the light conversion element reaches the side faces, the light is caused to undergo total reflection due to the difference in refractive index between the light conversion element and the outside air to continue propagating inside the light conversion element.
In one embodiment, the wavelength conversion device comprises a reflective layer disposed on at least one of the side faces of the light conversion element, the reflective layer being a specular reflective layer or a diffuse reflective layer. The reflecting layer is arranged on the side face of the light conversion element, so that excitation light and excited light in the light conversion element can be prevented from leaking from the side face, and the light utilization rate is ensured. When the reflecting layer is a diffuse reflecting layer, the propagation angle of the received laser can be changed, so that the light extraction efficiency of the emergent surface is improved.
In one embodiment, the wavelength conversion device comprises a heat sink disposed on at least one of the side faces. The heat sink and the light conversion element are kept in thermal coupling while optical coupling is avoided, heat dissipation of the light conversion element is improved, and loss of light at an interface of the heat sink and the light conversion element is avoided. When the wavelength conversion device comprises a reflective layer arranged on the side face as described above, the heat sink may be arranged on the back of the reflective layer.
In one embodiment, the wavelength conversion device includes an optical grid provided on an exit surface of the light conversion element, the optical grid being configured to enlarge a beam cross-sectional area of the excitation light. This technical scheme makes the beam sectional area grow of the exciting light by the light conversion component outgoing, because receive the laser among the light conversion component for lambertian light outgoing, the exit cross-section covers whole light conversion component's emitting surface, enlargies through the beam sectional area that makes the exciting light, can be favorable to exciting light and receive the laser misce bene to obtain the even emergent light of colour.
In one embodiment, the optical grid includes at least one pair of light splitting elements and light reflecting elements, wherein the light splitting elements partially transmit the excitation light and partially reflect the excitation light, and the excitation light reflected by the light splitting elements is emitted in the same direction as the excitation light transmitted by the light splitting elements after being reflected again by the light reflecting elements. According to the technical scheme, after the exciting light is subjected to light splitting, the propagation directions of the sub-beams are adjusted to the same direction, so that the cross section area of the light beam is enlarged. According to the technical scheme, the sectional area of the exciting light can be enlarged to two times, the divergence angle of the exciting light is not excessively diffused, and the exciting light emitted by the wavelength conversion device can enter the diffuse reflection mirror more.
In one embodiment, the wavelength conversion device further includes a fluorescent material layer disposed on the emission surface of the light conversion element, and the fluorescent material layer is a red fluorescent powder layer encapsulated by an organic binder, a red fluorescent powder layer encapsulated by glass, or a red ceramic layer. According to the technical scheme, the red fluorescent material layer is arranged on the emergent surface of the light conversion element, so that part of exciting light is emitted from the light conversion element and then excites the red fluorescent material layer to generate red fluorescence, and the color temperature of emergent light is adjusted. The exciting light is blue light, the light conversion element emits yellow light, the fluorescent material layer emits red light, and the blue, yellow and red light is finally emitted in an approximately Lambertian distribution, so that white light with uniform mixing and high color rendering index is obtained.
In one embodiment, the layer of phosphor material may also be disposed on the diffusely reflective surface of the diffusely reflective mirror. Because the light conversion element and the fluorescent material layer both generate light conversion and generate heat, the technical scheme separates the light conversion element and the fluorescent material layer and can improve the heat dissipation performance. Moreover, for the red phosphor layer packaged by the silica gel and the red phosphor layer packaged by the glass, the diffuse reflection layer is easier to attach.
In one embodiment, a cross-sectional area of the diffuse mirror perpendicular to the optical axis of the light conversion element is not greater than an exit surface area of the light conversion element. Since the light conversion element is a single crystal or transparent ceramic, the portion of the excitation light passing through the light conversion element and not absorbed maintains a small divergence angle, and the beam cross-sectional area does not increase significantly from the exit surface of the light conversion element to the diffuse reflection mirror. According to the technical scheme, on the premise that the condition that the unabsorbed exciting light is received is met, the amount of the received laser light entering the diffuse reflector is reduced by setting the cross section area of the diffuse reflector, so that the received laser light which is emitted from the emitting surface of the light conversion element and is approximately lambertian in distribution is directly emitted as much as possible, reflection of the diffuse reflector is reduced, and light loss is reduced.
In one embodiment, the excitation light emitted from the laser light source is transmitted through an optical fiber and then is incident on the wavelength conversion device. The technical scheme can avoid the danger of laser leakage in the transmission process and can enable the design of the position of the laser light source to be more free.
In one embodiment, the lighting device further includes a reflector, the reflector includes a through hole, at least a part of the components of the wavelength conversion device passes through the through hole, the exit surface of the light conversion element and the diffuse reflection mirror are located in the reflector, and the excited light emitted from the wavelength conversion device and the excited light emitted from the diffuse reflection mirror are reflected by the reflector and then exit.
The invention also provides an automobile lighting lamp which comprises the lighting device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention enables the exciting light with small divergence angle emitted by the laser light source to be incident to the light conversion element made of single crystal or transparent ceramic, obtains the received laser light with Lambert distribution at the emitting end of the light conversion element, simultaneously enables the unabsorbed exciting light to directly pass through the light conversion element without scattering and to be incident on the diffuse reflector arranged on the optical axis of the light conversion element, obtains the exciting light with Lambert distribution at the emitting end of the diffuse reflector, enables the received laser light at the emitting end of the light conversion element and the exciting light at the emitting end of the diffuse reflector to have similar light distribution, and enables the two to form uniform emitting light after light combination. According to the technical scheme, the excellent heat conducting performance and the efficient luminous performance of the light conversion element made of the single crystal or the transparent ceramic material are utilized, and meanwhile, the problems of laser leakage safety and uneven light mixing of the light conversion element made of the single crystal or the transparent ceramic material are solved by arranging the diffuse reflection mirror, so that the laser lighting device with high brightness and good safety performance is provided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an illumination device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the illumination device of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the illumination device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the illumination device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments. It is emphasized that all dimensions in the figures are merely schematic and not necessarily to scale, thus not limiting. In addition, the combination of the modules in the embodiment of the present invention is only used for illustrating the spirit of the present invention, and is not used for limiting the specific scope of the present invention.
In order to obtain high-brightness illumination, the invention adopts a laser light source capable of generating high power density as an excitation light source, and on the basis, the wavelength of the laser excitation light is converted by adopting a light conversion element with a material structure of single crystal or transparent ceramic, so that high-brightness laser light is obtained, and simultaneously, the good heat conduction and heat dissipation performance of the wavelength conversion device are ensured, and sustainable high-brightness light emission is obtained. When a single crystal or transparent ceramic light conversion element is used, the problem that the unabsorbed excitation light directly exits at a small divergence angle (due to the nature of the laser light, this problem does not occur in the technical solution of a non-laser light source, and this problem does not occur in the technical solution of a non-transparent wavelength conversion material) occurs, and the divergence angle of the part of the excitation light is changed and the part is decohered by arranging a diffuse reflection mirror on the light path. Therefore, the emitting surface of the light conversion element and the surface of the diffuse reflection mirror become actual emitting surfaces of the stimulated light and the exciting light respectively, and uniform emitting light can be obtained after the light of the two emitting surfaces is mixed. The invention has the unique conception that two light sources which emit light with approximate lambertian distribution are obtained through one excitation light source, and then the light emitted by the two light sources is combined to obtain the emergent light with uniform light distribution and uniform color.
The lighting device of the present invention mainly comprises three components: a laser light source, a wavelength conversion device, and a diffuse mirror. The exciting light emitted by the laser light source is incident to the incident surface of the light conversion element of the wavelength conversion device, part of the exciting light is absorbed to generate stimulated light, part of the exciting light is not absorbed by the light conversion element, and the stimulated light and the unabsorbed exciting light are emitted through the emergent surface of the light conversion element. The excitation light emitted from the light conversion element propagates with a small divergence angle, enters a diffuse mirror provided on the optical axis of the light conversion element, and is reflected, so that the light divergence angle is enlarged. Then, the received laser light emitted from the wavelength conversion device and the excitation light emitted from the diffuse reflection mirror are combined to become the light emitted from the illumination device.
< laser light Source >
The laser light source emits excitation light, and in one embodiment of the present invention, the laser light source is a semiconductor laser light source, such as a laser diode light source. The laser light source can also be a light source composed of a laser diode array or a laser light source. The laser light source is characterized by a small light divergence angle and laser coherence, which is not suitable for direct illumination.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the laser light source is a blue light source, and the blue light can be used as part of the illumination light while being excited to emit green, yellow or red light as the excitation light. In other embodiments of the present invention, the laser light source may also be a violet light source or a near ultraviolet light source, and in such embodiments, if white light is to be obtained, a wavelength conversion device capable of emitting blue light is provided.
< wavelength conversion device >
The wavelength conversion device is arranged on the light path of the exciting light, and is used for absorbing at least part of the exciting light and emitting excited light and unabsorbed exciting light. The wavelength conversion device may be a combination of several components, wherein the wavelength conversion device comprises a light conversion element that assumes the main function of absorbing the excitation light and emitting the excited light.
In the present invention, the light conversion element is a single crystal or a transparent ceramic, and the light conversion element includes an incident surface, an exit surface, and a side surface, wherein the side surface is a surface other than the incident surface and the exit surface. The excitation light enters from the incident surface of the light conversion element and exits from the exit surface of the light conversion element, and is reflected when the light encounters the side surface in the propagation process.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the light conversion element is a rectangular parallelepiped in which the incident surface and the exit surface are two opposing surfaces, the two surfaces having a small area, and the remaining four surfaces are side surfaces. In other embodiments, the light conversion element may be a cube. The light conversion element may also be another prism, such as a hexagonal prism, or may be a cylinder.
Light conversion element having light-light conversionIn one embodiment, the light conversion element is a YAG: Ce single crystal or a YAG: Ce transparent ceramic, the YAG: Ce being Ce-doped Y3Al5O12The LED lamp can emit yellow light under the excitation of blue light, and is high in luminous efficiency and stable in structure. The yellow light and the blue light are combined into white light to meet the illumination requirement of the white light. The single crystal or transparent ceramic appears yellowish and transparent when observed by naked eyes. It should be noted that the YAG: Ce single crystal or YAG: Ce transparent ceramic in the present invention is different from a wavelength conversion structure in which YAG: Ce phosphor particles are placed in a transparent carrier, wherein the transparent carrier includes organic binder such as silica gel/resin, non-polar binder such as glass, and transparent ceramic such as alumina, and YAG: Ce cannot appear in the form of phosphor particles.
In the present invention, light is reflected by the side surface inside the light conversion element, and the side surface is required to have a reflection function. In one embodiment, the side surface is a polished surface with a roughness of less than 100nm, and in this embodiment, the side surface is polished to be "almost smooth", so that when light propagating inside the light conversion element reaches the side surface, the light propagates inside the light conversion element continuously due to total reflection caused by the difference between the refractive index of the light conversion element and the refractive index of the outside air.
In one embodiment, the incident surface of the light conversion element of the wavelength conversion device is provided with an angle selection film, and the wavelength/angle selection film which only transmits the excitation light with a small incident angle can be selected to avoid the light from being emitted when the light is reflected back to the incident surface.
In one embodiment, the wavelength conversion device includes a reflective layer disposed on at least one side of the light conversion element, which may be a specular reflective layer such as an aluminum reflective layer, a silver reflective layer, a dielectric film reflective layer, or a diffuse reflective layer such as an aluminum oxide reflective layer, a boron nitride reflective layer, or the like. The reflecting layer is arranged on the side face of the light conversion element, so that the incident angle is not required to be depended on like total reflection, the excitation light and the received laser light in the light conversion element can be prevented from leaking from the side face, and the light utilization rate is ensured. When the reflecting layer is a diffuse reflecting layer, the propagation angle of the received laser can be changed, so that the light extraction efficiency of the emergent surface is improved.
In one embodiment, the wavelength conversion device further comprises a heat sink disposed on at least one of the side faces. The heat sink and the light conversion element are kept in thermal coupling while optical coupling is avoided, heat dissipation of the light conversion element is improved, and loss of light at an interface of the heat sink and the light conversion element is avoided. When the wavelength conversion device comprises a reflective layer arranged on the side face as described above, the heat sink may be arranged on the back of the reflective layer. For example, when the reflective layer is a metal reflective layer, the heat sink may be a metal heat sink disposed on the back surface of the reflective layer, and when the reflective layer is a diffuse reflective layer such as aluminum oxide, the heat sink may be a ceramic heat sink such as an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate.
In the light conversion element, the excited light is emitted from the light emitting center in the light conversion element and is distributed in an approximately lambertian manner, so that the excited light can fill the whole emitting surface at the outlet of the light conversion element; due to the transparent property of the light conversion element, the unabsorbed excitation light is hardly diffused at the light exit surface compared to the light entrance surface and still exits with a small divergence angle, so that the spot of the excitation light at the light exit surface of the light conversion element does not fill the light exit surface. Even if the exciting light is diffused by the diffuse reflection mirror subsequently, only the divergence angle is mainly changed, and the size of the light spot is still almost unchanged, so that the received laser and the exciting light are respectively emitted from two light emitting surfaces with different sizes to be combined, and the uniform mixing of the light is not facilitated. Therefore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the wavelength conversion device includes an optical grid provided on the emission surface of the light conversion element, the optical grid being configured to enlarge the beam cross-sectional area of the excitation light so as to bring the spot size of the excitation light close to that of the stimulated light.
In one embodiment, the optical grid includes at least one pair of light splitting elements and light reflecting elements, wherein the light splitting elements partially transmit the excitation light and partially reflect the excitation light, and the excitation light reflected by the light splitting elements is emitted in the same direction as the excitation light transmitted by the light splitting elements after being reflected again by the light reflecting elements. According to the technical scheme, after the exciting light is subjected to light splitting, the propagation directions of the sub-beams are adjusted to the same direction, so that the cross section area of the light beam is enlarged. According to the technical scheme, the sectional area of the exciting light can be enlarged to two times, the divergence angle of the exciting light is not excessively diffused, and the exciting light emitted by the wavelength conversion device can enter the diffuse reflection mirror more.
In one embodiment, the wavelength conversion device further includes a fluorescent material layer disposed on the emission surface of the light conversion element, and the fluorescent material layer is a red fluorescent powder layer encapsulated by an organic binder, a red fluorescent powder layer encapsulated by glass, or a red ceramic layer. According to the technical scheme, the red fluorescent material layer is arranged on the emergent surface of the light conversion element, so that part of exciting light is emitted from the light conversion element and then excites the red fluorescent material layer to generate red fluorescence, and the color temperature of emergent light is adjusted. When the exciting light is blue light, the light conversion element emits yellow light, the fluorescent material layer emits red light, and the blue, yellow and red light is finally emitted in an approximately Lambert distribution, so that white light with uniform mixing and high color rendering index is obtained. In other embodiments, the fluorescent material layer is not limited to the red fluorescent material layer, and the fluorescent material layer may also be a fluorescent material layer with other colors such as orange to adapt to other application scenarios. The phosphor layer may be integral with the light conversion element, for example when the phosphor layer is a glass-based phosphor layer or a ceramic-based phosphor layer; the layer of phosphor material may also be connected to the light-converting element by means of a transparent optical glue.
Of course, the layer of phosphor material is not limited to being connected to the light conversion element, and in other embodiments, the layer of phosphor material may also be separate from the light conversion element. In one embodiment, the layer of phosphor material is disposed on a diffusely reflective surface of the diffuse mirror. Because the light conversion element and the fluorescent material layer both generate light conversion and generate heat, the technical scheme separates the light conversion element and the fluorescent material layer and can improve the heat dissipation performance. Moreover, for the red phosphor layer packaged by the silica gel and the red phosphor layer packaged by the glass, the diffuse reflection layer is easier to attach.
< diffuse reflection mirror >
The diffuse reflector serves as a light emitting source of exciting light with approximate lambertian distribution and corresponds to a light receiving source of the light conversion element, and serves as a safety protection device to prevent laser with high power density, coherence and small divergence angle from directly emitting.
The diffuse reflection mirror is disposed on an optical path of the excitation light emitted from the light conversion element, and in one embodiment, the diffuse reflection mirror is disposed on an optical axis of the light conversion element for reflecting the excitation light that is not absorbed and enlarging a light divergence angle thereof. In another embodiment, a light guiding reflector may also be provided between the light conversion element and the diffuse reflector to make the placement of the diffuse reflector more flexible.
The diffuse mirror includes a diffuse reflective layer, which in one embodiment includes white scattering particles stacked in layers that can reflect/scatter visible light. The white scattering particles may be, for example, alumina, titania, boron nitride, or the like. The white scattering particles may be bonded and layered by an adhesive such as glass or silica gel. Preferably, the diffuse reflecting layer is of a dense structure and has a thickness sufficient to ensure that no excitation light exits the back of the diffuse reflecting mirror.
In another embodiment, the diffuse reflective layer may also be obtained by surface roughening of the general reflective surface, which may include, for example, conventional means such as etching, machining, and the like.
In one embodiment, a light-tight substrate may be further disposed on the back of the diffuse reflection layer of the diffuse reflection mirror to prevent the excitation light from directly emitting when the diffuse reflection layer is peeled off or cracked, thereby further improving the safety performance.
Although the diffuse reflector is required to satisfy the function of preventing the laser from directly leaking, the oversized diffuse reflector is not favorable for the light emitting of the lighting device, because not only the exciting light can irradiate the diffuse reflector, but also part of the stimulated light can inevitably irradiate the diffuse reflector, and the fact that the stimulated light is not expected to be incident on the diffuse reflector too much is avoided. In one embodiment, a cross-sectional area of the diffuse mirror perpendicular to the optical axis of the light conversion element is not greater than an exit face area of the light conversion element. Since the light conversion element is a single crystal or transparent ceramic, the portion of the excitation light passing through the light conversion element and not absorbed maintains a small divergence angle, and the beam cross-sectional area does not increase significantly from the exit surface of the light conversion element to the diffuse reflection mirror. According to the technical scheme, on the premise that the condition that the unabsorbed exciting light is received is met, the amount of the received laser light entering the diffuse reflector is reduced by setting the cross section area of the diffuse reflector, so that the received laser light which is emitted from the emitting surface of the light conversion element and is approximately lambertian in distribution is directly emitted as much as possible, reflection of the diffuse reflector is reduced, and light loss is reduced.
The key components of the lighting device of the present invention are described above.
The process of the excitation light emitted by the laser light source entering the wavelength conversion device, in one embodiment, the excitation light emitted by the laser light source is transmitted through an optical fiber and then enters the wavelength conversion device. The technical scheme can avoid the danger of laser leakage in the transmission process and can enable the design of the position of the laser light source to be more free. In another embodiment, the light from the laser source enters the wavelength conversion device through an optical element such as a lens or a mirror.
In one embodiment, the lighting device further includes a reflector, the reflector includes a through hole, at least a part of the components of the wavelength conversion device passes through the through hole, the exit surface of the light conversion element and the diffuse reflection mirror are located in the reflector, and the excited light emitted from the wavelength conversion device and the excited light emitted from the diffuse reflection mirror are reflected by the reflector and then exit. The inner surface of the reflector hood is provided with a reflecting layer which can reflect the excitation light and the received laser light.
In one embodiment, the reflector has a parabolic shape, the reflector has a focus, and the exit surface of the light conversion element and the diffuse reflection surface of the diffuse reflection mirror are respectively disposed at two sides near the focus, so that the exit light of the light conversion element and the diffuse reflection surface is reflected by the reflector and then uniformly mixed.
In one embodiment of the invention, the light conversion element of the wavelength conversion device is partially located within the reflective enclosure, with the remainder of the light conversion element being outside the reflective enclosure. The surface of the light conversion element outside the reflector can be provided with a heat sink for heat dissipation.
In one embodiment, the through hole of the reflector is provided in the vicinity of the position where the curvature of the reflector is maximum, and the reflector of the present embodiment can be obtained by punching a hole in the position where the curvature of the reflector prototype is maximum, for example.
In the present invention, the reflector may be in the shape of not only a bowl but also a half of a bowl, for example, a bowl is split into two symmetrical halves.
The lighting device of the present invention can be applied to a vehicle lamp or other similar lighting environments, such as a lighting lamp of a vehicle such as a ship and an airplane, and can also be applied to a searchlight and other application environments. The invention particularly protects an automobile lighting lamp comprising the lighting device.
In one embodiment, the lighting device comprising the laser light source, the wavelength conversion device and the diffuse reflection mirror can be directly and replaceably inserted into a lampshade of a halogen light source automobile headlamp or an LED light source automobile headlamp, the light distribution of the lighting device is similar to the filament light distribution of the halogen lamp, a new reflection cover does not need to be additionally designed, and upgrading and updating of the automobile headlamp are facilitated.
This is further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an illumination device of the present invention. The illumination device 100 includes a laser light source 101, a wavelength conversion device including a light conversion element 102, a diffuse mirror 103, and a reflector 104.
The laser light source 101 emits blue light, and enters the light conversion element 102 made of a YAG: Ce single crystal. Part of the laser light excites the light conversion element 102 to generate yellow light, and the yellow light is emitted from the light emission surface of the light conversion element 102 in an approximately lambertian distribution; the remaining part of the blue laser light is emitted from the emission surface of the light conversion element 102, reaches the diffuse reflection mirror 103, is diffusely reflected, and is emitted from the diffuse reflection mirror 103. Then, the yellow laser light emitted from the light conversion element 102 and the blue light emitted from the diffuse reflection mirror 103 are reflected by the reflection surface of the reflection cover 104 and then combined to emit white light.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the illumination device of the present invention. The illumination device 200 comprises a laser light source 201, a wavelength conversion device comprising a light conversion element 202, a diffusive mirror 203 and a reflective cover 204.
The difference from the first embodiment is that, in the present embodiment, the wavelength conversion device further includes a fluorescent material layer 205 disposed on the exit surface of the light conversion element 202. The function and the detailed technical scheme thereof can be described by referring to the above parts.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the illumination device of the present invention. The illumination device 300 includes a laser light source 301, a wavelength conversion device including a light conversion element 302, a diffusive mirror 303, and a reflective cover 304.
The difference from the first embodiment is that in this embodiment, the wavelength conversion device further includes a heat sink 306 and an optical grid 307. Wherein the heat sink 306 is disposed on the side of the light conversion element 302, dissipating heat generated by the light conversion element 302. The optical grating 307 is provided on the emission surface of the light conversion element 302, and expands the cross-sectional area of the excitation light. For a detailed description of the principles and solutions, reference is made to the description above.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the illumination device of the present invention. The illumination device 400 includes a laser light source 401, a wavelength conversion device including a light conversion element 402, a diffusive mirror 403, and a reflective cover 404.
The difference from the first embodiment is that the present embodiment further includes an optical fiber 408 for guiding the excitation light generated by the laser light source 401 to the incident surface of the light conversion element 402.
It is understood that the laser light source 401 is not necessarily directly connected to the optical fiber, and may also be converged into the optical fiber by a converging lens, and may also be connected in other optical ways, which are not described herein again.
Although the embodiments of the present invention in the drawings all include a reflector, the reflector is not essential to the lighting device, and as mentioned in the above description, the lighting device including the laser light source, the wavelength conversion device and the diffuse reflector may be directly inserted into the lamp housing of the halogen lamp instead. The light receiving laser beam and the excitation light emitted from the light conversion element and the diffuse reflection mirror may be combined by other optical devices.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. An illumination device, comprising:
a laser light source for emitting excitation light;
the wavelength conversion device is arranged on a light path of the exciting light and is used for absorbing at least part of the exciting light and emitting the excited light and the unabsorbed exciting light, the wavelength conversion device comprises a light conversion element, the light conversion element is single crystal or transparent ceramic, and the light conversion element comprises an incident surface, an emitting surface and a side surface; the side faces are used for reflecting light which propagates in the light conversion element and meets the side faces;
a diffuse reflection mirror provided on an optical axis of the light conversion element for reflecting the unabsorbed excitation light and enlarging a light divergence angle thereof;
and the received laser emitted by the wavelength conversion device and the exciting light emitted by the diffuse reflection mirror are combined to form the emergent light of the illumination device.
2. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the light conversion element is a YAG: Ce single crystal or a YAG: Ce transparent ceramic.
3. The illumination device of claim 1, wherein the side surface is a polished surface, and the roughness of the side surface is less than 100 nm.
4. A lighting device as recited in any one of claims 1-3, wherein said wavelength conversion device comprises a reflective layer disposed on at least one of said sides of said light conversion element, said reflective layer being a specular or diffuse reflective layer.
5. A lighting device as recited in any one of claims 1-3, wherein said wavelength conversion device comprises a heat sink disposed on at least one of said side surfaces.
6. A lighting device as recited in any one of claims 1-3, wherein said wavelength conversion device comprises an optical grid disposed on an exit surface of said light conversion element, said optical grid being configured to enlarge a beam cross-sectional area of said excitation light.
7. A lighting device as recited in any one of claims 1-3, wherein said wavelength conversion device further comprises a layer of phosphor material disposed on the exit surface of said light conversion element, said layer of phosphor material being an organic binder-encapsulated red phosphor layer, a glass-encapsulated red phosphor layer or a red ceramic layer.
8. A lighting device as recited in claim 1, wherein a cross-sectional area of said diffuse reflector perpendicular to an optical axis of said light conversion element is not greater than an exit surface area of said light conversion element.
9. The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the excitation light emitted from the laser light source is transmitted through an optical fiber and then is incident on the wavelength conversion device.
10. The illumination device of claim 1, further comprising a reflector, wherein the reflector comprises a through hole, at least part of the components of the wavelength conversion device pass through the through hole, the exit surface of the light conversion element and the diffuse reflector are located in the reflector, and the excited light emitted by the wavelength conversion device and the excited light emitted by the diffuse reflector exit after being reflected by the reflector.
11. An automotive lighting fixture comprising the lighting device of any one of claims 1-10.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711142170.3A CN109798489B (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2017-11-17 | Lighting device and automobile lighting lamp |
| PCT/CN2018/071443 WO2019095535A1 (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2018-01-04 | Lighting device and automobile lighting lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711142170.3A CN109798489B (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2017-11-17 | Lighting device and automobile lighting lamp |
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| CN109798489A CN109798489A (en) | 2019-05-24 |
| CN109798489B true CN109798489B (en) | 2021-11-12 |
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| CN201711142170.3A Active CN109798489B (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2017-11-17 | Lighting device and automobile lighting lamp |
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| CN (1) | CN109798489B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019095535A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114542999A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-05-27 | 杨毅 | Lighting device and lamp |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2019095535A1 (en) | 2019-05-23 |
| CN109798489A (en) | 2019-05-24 |
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