CN109797581B - Low-water dyeing process for cotton fiber fabric - Google Patents
Low-water dyeing process for cotton fiber fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN109797581B CN109797581B CN201910095227.1A CN201910095227A CN109797581B CN 109797581 B CN109797581 B CN 109797581B CN 201910095227 A CN201910095227 A CN 201910095227A CN 109797581 B CN109797581 B CN 109797581B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a little water dyeing process of cotton fiber fabric, which comprises a step of dyeing the cotton fiber fabric by adding a navy blue dye bath and a step of soaping the dyed cotton fiber fabric; the soaping agent used for soaping is a mixed solution of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer sodium salt, potassium persulfate, urea and sodium metasilicate. The process can improve the level dyeing performance of the reactive dye; the wet rubbing color fastness is superior to that of the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of printing and dyeing, relates to a dyeing process of cotton fiber fabric, and particularly relates to a less-water dyeing process of cotton fiber fabric.
Background
The traditional dyeing of cotton fiber fabric is usually carried out by adopting a dip dyeing method, wherein the cotton fiber fabric is soaked in a reactive dye bath and is subjected to alkali fixation, so that a firm covalent bond is formed in the cotton fiber. However, during dyeing, both cotton fiber and dye are negatively charged and an electrolyte such as anhydrous sodium sulphate must be added to reduce the charge repulsion of the two. The use of a large amount of electrolyte improves the dye uptake of cotton fiber, but cannot be recovered and degraded, so that the dyeing wastewater treatment is difficult. In addition to electrolytes, dyeing wastewater usually contains more than one third of unfixed dye, resulting in dyeing wastewater COD values as high as 104mg/L. Therefore, the dyeing wastewater is always a great problem which troubles the printing and dyeing industry.
In order to solve the waste water problem from the root, people gradually develop various basesDyeing with nonaqueous or less aqueous solvent systems, e.g. supercritical CO2Dyeing, organic solvent dyeing, suspension dyeing and reversed micelle dyeing. These dyeing methods avoid or reduce the amount of water used by using other solvent systems as dyeing media instead of water; and simultaneously, the use amount of salt can be reduced. Among these, the more used solvent systems are liquid paraffin and organosiloxanes.
Chinese patent application CN106368016A discloses a liquid paraffin dyeing method for cotton fibers, which disperses a leuco vat dye in liquid paraffin, and during the dyeing process, the leuco vat dye is spontaneously transferred to the cotton fibers and oxidized for dyeing. The dye-uptake rate is high, the consumption of the auxiliary agent is low, and the dyeing process is simple. However, this method is poor in level-dyeing property and poor in wet crocking fastness.
Chinese patent application CN101922121B discloses an anhydrous dyeing method of textiles by using reactive dyes, which comprises the steps of mixing the reactive dyes, a surfactant, a coupling agent and cyclic methyl siloxane as a solvent, uniformly dispersing the reactive dyes in the cyclic methyl siloxane by ball milling to prepare a stable dye bath of a dye medium suspension system, and dyeing by a certain dyeing process. The method can realize salt-free dyeing of the cellulose fiber by the reactive dye without taking water as a medium, avoid electrolyte pollution, greatly reduce dye hydrolysis and improve dye fixation rate. The wet rubbing fastness of the method is equivalent to that of the traditional water bath dyeing method, but the level dyeing problem of the dye is still not solved.
In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, there remains a need for continued improvements in dyeing processes based on non-aqueous or low-aqueous solvent systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a less-water dyeing process of a dark blue cotton fiber fabric. The less-water dyeing process can solve one or more of the following technical problems: the level dyeing performance of the reactive dye is improved; the wet rubbing color fastness is equivalent to that of the traditional water bath dyeing method; or may be superior to the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a less water dyeing process for cotton fiber fabric includes a step of dyeing the cotton fiber fabric in a navy blue dye bath and a step of soaping the dyed cotton fiber fabric.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the soaping agent used in the soaping process is a mixed solution of a sodium salt of a maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, potassium persulfate, urea and sodium metasilicate.
Wherein the number average molecular weight of the sodium salt of the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer is 22000-28000.
In a specific embodiment, the sodium salt of the maleic-acrylic acid copolymer has a number average molecular weight of 25000.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the concentration of the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer sodium salt is 0.8-1.2 g/L; the concentration of the potassium persulfate is 0.2-0.4 g/L; the concentration of the urea is 0.4-0.8 g/L; the concentration of the sodium metasilicate is 0.05-0.3 g/L.
In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the sodium salt of the maleic-acrylic acid copolymer is 1 g/L; the concentration of the potassium persulfate is 0.3 g/L; the concentration of urea is 0.6 g/L; the concentration of sodium metasilicate was 0.2 g/L.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the soaping condition is 60-80 ℃, the bath ratio is 1: (20-40), pH 9.5-11, and time 10-30 min. Preferably, the soaping condition is 60-75 ℃, pH is 9.5-10.5, and the time is 10-20 min.
In a specific embodiment, the soaping conditions are 70 ℃, a bath ratio of 1: 30, pH 10, 15 min.
The dyeing process with less water according to the invention further comprises a step of swelling the cotton fiber fabric.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the swelling treatment step comprises the following steps: swelling the cotton fiber fabric with alkali liquor, and controlling the liquid carrying rate to be 80-160%.
Preferably, the cotton fiber fabric is swelled by alkali liquor, and the liquor carrying rate is controlled to be 90-150%; more preferably, the cotton fiber fabric is swelled by alkali liquor, and the liquor carrying rate is controlled to be 100-140%; and, most preferably, the cotton fiber fabric is swelled with alkali liquor, and the liquor carrying rate is controlled to be 110-130%.
In one embodiment, the cotton fiber fabric is swollen with an alkali solution, controlling the liquid carrying rate to 120%.
Wherein the base in the lye is selected from the group consisting of weak inorganic bases including, but not limited to, carbonates, phosphates, silicates, hydrogen phosphates, dihydrogen phosphates and pyrophosphates.
Preferably, the weak inorganic base is selected from the group consisting of carbonate, phosphate, silicate and dihydrogen phosphate; more preferably, the weak inorganic base is selected from the group consisting of carbonates, phosphates and silicates; and, most preferably, the weak inorganic base is selected from the group consisting of carbonates and silicates.
In a particular embodiment, the weak inorganic base is selected from carbonates.
As cations of the weak inorganic base, there may be mentioned lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium ions.
Preferably, the concentration of the alkali liquor is 10-50 g/L; more preferably, the concentration of the alkali liquor is 20-45 g/L; and, most preferably, the concentration of the lye is 30-40 g/L.
In a particular embodiment, the lye is selected from an aqueous solution of 35g/L sodium carbonate.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the navy dye bath consists of a high-concentration navy dye aqueous solution and a liquid paraffin reverse micelle system.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the navy blue dye is selected from compounds shown in a formula (I);
wherein R is1-R4Each independently selected from H, C1-C4Alkyl radical, C1-C4Alkoxy and SO3M；Y1-Y2Each independently selected from SO2CH＝CH2Or SO2CH2CH2OSO3M; m is selected from H or alkali metal.
Preferably, in the compound of formula (I), R1-R4Each independently selected from H, C1-C4Alkyl and C1-C4An alkoxy group; y is1-Y2Each independently selected from SO2CH＝CH2Or SO2CH2CH2OSO3M; m is selected from H or alkali metal.
More preferably, in the compound represented by the formula (I), R1-R4Each independently selected from H and C1-C4An alkyl group; y is1-Y2Each independently selected from SO2CH＝CH2Or SO2CH2CH2OSO3M; m is selected from H or alkali metal.
And, most preferably, in the compound of formula (I), R1-R4Each independently selected from H; y is1-Y2Each independently selected from SO2CH＝CH2Or SO2CH2CH2OSO3M; m is selected from alkali metals.
As alkali metal, M may be lithium, sodium, potassium; sodium and potassium are preferred.
In a particular embodiment, in the compounds of formula (I), R1-R4Each independently selected from H; y is1-Y2Each independently selected from SO2CH2CH2OSO3M; m is selected from sodium.
In a more specific embodiment, the compound of formula (I) is selected from active black RB5(CAS number 17095-24-8).
According to the less-water dyeing process, the concentration of the navy blue dye high-concentration aqueous solution is 8-24 g/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the navy blue dye aqueous solution is 10-22 g/L; more preferably, the concentration of the navy blue dye high-concentration aqueous solution is 12-20 g/L; and, most preferably, the concentration of the navy blue dye high-concentration aqueous solution is 14 to 18 g/L.
In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the navy blue dye high-concentration aqueous solution is 15 g/L.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system is formed by mixing an organic solvent, a surfactant, a cosurfactant and liquid paraffin.
Preferably, the organic solvent is selected from dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide; more preferably, the organic solvent is selected from dimethylformamide.
Preferably, the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of tween series surfactants, span series surfactants and triton series surfactants; more preferably, the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of tween series surfactants and span series surfactants; and, most preferably, the surfactant is selected from the span series of surfactants.
In a particular embodiment, the surfactant is selected from span 80.
Preferably, the co-surfactant is selected from the group consisting of n-hexanol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, and isooctanol; more preferably, the co-surfactant is selected from n-heptanol, n-octanol and isooctanol; and, most preferably, the co-surfactant is selected from n-octanol and iso-octanol.
In a particular embodiment, the co-surfactant is selected from n-octanol.
Preferably, as the raw material, the volume ratio of the organic solvent, the surfactant, the co-surfactant and the liquid paraffin is 1: (0.4-0.8): (1.2-1.8): (4-6). More preferably, the volume ratio of the organic solvent, the surfactant, the co-surfactant and the liquid paraffin is 1: (0.5-0.8): (1.4-1.8): (4.5-6); and, most preferably, the volume ratio of the organic solvent, the surfactant, the co-surfactant and the liquid paraffin is 1: (0.5-0.7): (1.4-1.6): (4.5-5.5).
In a specific embodiment, the volume ratio of the organic solvent, the surfactant, the co-surfactant and the liquid paraffin is 1: 0.6: 1.5: 5.
as a mixing means, it is advantageous to mix the raw materials uniformly by means of ultrasound and stirring.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the volume ratio of the navy blue dye high-concentration aqueous solution to the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system is 1: (8-12).
Preferably, the volume ratio of the navy blue dye high-concentration aqueous solution to the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system is 1: (8.5-11); more preferably, the volume ratio of the navy blue dye high-concentration aqueous solution to the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system is 1: (8.5-10); and, most preferably, the volume ratio of the navy blue dye high concentration aqueous solution to the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system is 1: (8.5-9.5).
In a specific embodiment, the volume ratio of the navy blue dye high concentration aqueous solution to the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system is 1: 9.
as a mixing means, it is advantageous to mix the raw materials uniformly by means of ultrasound and stirring.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the bath ratio in the dyeing process is 1: (10-30).
Preferably, the bath ratio of the dyeing process is 1: (12-28); more preferably, the bath ratio of the dyeing process is 1: (15-25); and, most preferably, the dyeing process has a bath ratio of 1: (18-22).
In a specific embodiment, the dyeing process has a bath ratio of 1: 20.
according to the less-water dyeing process, the dyeing process comprises a temperature-rising dye-uptake stage from room temperature to a target temperature and a heat-preserving fixation stage at the target temperature.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the target temperature is 50-80 ℃.
Preferably, the target temperature is 50-75 ℃; more preferably, the target temperature is 55-70 ℃; and, most preferably, the target temperature is 60-70 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, the target temperature is 65 ℃.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the duration of the heating dyeing stage and the heat preservation fixing stage at the target temperature is 10-120 min.
Preferably, the heating rate of the heating and dyeing stage is 0.5-3 ℃/min; more preferably, the heating rate of the heating and dyeing stage is 0.5-2.5 ℃/min; and, most preferably, the temperature rise rate of the temperature rise dyeing stage is 0.5-2 ℃/min.
In a specific embodiment, the temperature rise rate of the temperature rise dyeing stage is 1 ℃/min.
Preferably, the time length of the heat preservation and color fixation stage is 10-90 min; more preferably, the time length of the heat preservation and color fixation stage is 10-60 min; and, most preferably, the length of the fixation stage is 10-40 min.
In a specific embodiment, the length of the fixation period is 30 min.
According to the less-water dyeing process, the dyeing process further comprises a temperature reduction stage from the target temperature to room temperature.
The cooling stage can adopt natural cooling or program cooling.
Advantageously, the cooling rate is between 0.5 and 5 ℃/min; more preferably, the cooling rate is 0.5-4 ℃/min; and, most preferably, the cooling rate is 1-3 ℃/min.
In a specific embodiment, the cooling rate is 2 ℃/min.
In another embodiment, the soaping agent used for soaping may be a soap boil containing 2-4g/L standard soap chips and 2-4g/L sodium carbonate.
In a specific embodiment, the soaping agent used in the soaping is a soap cooking liquor containing 3g/L of standard soap chips and 3g/L of sodium carbonate.
Advantageously, the soaping conditions are 90-95 ℃, the bath ratio is 1: (40-60) for 5-20 min.
In a specific embodiment, the soaping conditions are 95 ℃, a bath ratio of 1: 50, the time is 10 min.
The inventor observes that the average size of micelle liquid drops is below 200nm and the size distribution is relatively uniform through a polarization microscope based on a navy blue dye bath of a reverse micelle system obtained by modifying liquid paraffin. Without wishing to be bound by any theory, the dyeing process of the present invention using the above-described dyebaths is effective in improving levelling properties. On the other hand, the present invention washes off the undyed dye and the partially hydrolyzed dye by a specific soaping means so that the wet crockfastness is at least comparable to or superior to the prior art (in the case of using soap chips) or the prior art (in the case of using a sodium salt of a maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer).
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the invention is merely illustrative of the spirit and principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, deletions, modifications or adjustments may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the disclosure of the present invention, and such equivalents are also within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Leveling property test was performed according to literature method as follows: dyeing the cotton fiber fabric according to the low-water dyeing process of the invention to obtain the dark blue cotton fiber fabric, and then dividing the dark blue cotton fiber fabric into two parts which are both called A fabric. A portion of fabric a and an equal weight of undyed fabric B were then re-dyed in one bath according to the low water dyeing process of the present invention. The initial apparent depth of color (K/S value) of the fabric A before re-dyeing, the K/S value after re-dyeing and the K/S value after the same-bath dyeing of the fabric B were measured and recorded as (K/S)O、(K/S)AAnd (K/S)B. According to the formula L ═ (K/S)B/[(K/S)B+(K/S)A-(K/S)O]Leveling index L was calculated at 100%. The higher the L value, the better the levelling property.
In the invention, the determination of the apparent color depth K/S value is carried out on a Datacolor color measuring and matching instrument, the dyed fabric is laminated into 4 layers, one point is respectively taken on the front surface and the back surface of each layer, 8 points are determined and the average value is taken.
Wet crocking fastness was tested and determined according to GB/T3920-2008 and GB/T251-2008.
Example 1
The cotton fiber fabric is swelled by 35g/L sodium carbonate aqueous solution, and the liquid carrying rate is controlled to be 120% by one-time soaking and one-time rolling. An active black RB5 aqueous solution with the concentration of 15g/L is prepared. According to the volume ratio of 1: 0.6: 1.5: measuring dimethylformamide, span 80, n-octanol and liquid paraffin; and uniformly mixing the raw materials by adopting an ultrasonic mode to obtain the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system. Then, according to the volume ratio of the active black RB5 aqueous solution to the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system of 1: and 9, uniformly mixing the two under the action of ultrasonic waves to obtain the navy blue dye bath. The average size of the micelle droplets was 200nm or less and the size distribution was relatively uniform as observed by a polarizing microscope. Adding the cotton fiber fabric into a navy blue dye bath for dyeing. The bath ratio in the dyeing process is 1: 20. firstly, heating from room temperature to 65 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 1 ℃/min; then preserving heat and fixing color for 30 min; then the temperature is reduced from 65 ℃ to room temperature, the temperature reduction rate is 2 ℃/min, and the dyeing is carried out.
Example 2
The cotton fiber fabric dyed in the example 1 is firstly washed by hot water at 60 ℃ for 10min and then put into a soaping agent; wherein the concentration of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer sodium salt (Mn 25000) is 1 g/L; the concentration of the potassium persulfate is 0.3 g/L; the concentration of urea is 0.6 g/L; the concentration of the sodium metasilicate is 0.2 g/L; soaping conditions were 70 ℃, bath ratio 1: 30, pH 10, 15 min. Then washed with hot water at 60 ℃ for 10min, washed with cold water for 5min and dried to obtain the dark blue cotton fiber fabric of the example 2.
Example 3
The cotton fiber fabric dyed in the example 1 is firstly washed by hot water at 60 ℃ for 10min and then put into a soaping agent; wherein the soaping agent is soap boiling liquid containing 3g/L standard soap chips and 3g/L sodium carbonate; soaping conditions were 95 ℃, bath ratio 1: 50, the time is 10 min. Then washed with hot water at 60 ℃ for 10min, washed with cold water for 5min and dried to obtain the dark blue cotton fiber fabric of the embodiment 3.
Example 4
The cotton fiber fabric is swelled by 30g/L sodium carbonate aqueous solution, and the liquid carrying rate is controlled to be 130% by one-time soaking and one-time rolling. An active black RB5 aqueous solution with the concentration of 14g/L is prepared. According to the volume ratio of 1: 0.5: 1.4: 4.5, weighing dimethylformamide, span 80, n-octanol and liquid paraffin; and uniformly mixing the raw materials by adopting an ultrasonic mode to obtain the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system. Then, according to the volume ratio of the active black RB5 aqueous solution to the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system of 1: 9.5 mixing the two solutions evenly under the action of ultrasound to obtain the navy blue dye bath. The average size of the micelle droplets was 200nm or less and the size distribution was relatively uniform as observed by a polarizing microscope. Adding the cotton fiber fabric into a navy blue dye bath for dyeing. The bath ratio in the dyeing process is 1: 18. firstly, heating from room temperature to 60 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 1 ℃/min; then preserving heat and fixing color for 30 min; then the temperature is reduced from 60 ℃ to room temperature, the temperature reduction rate is 2 ℃/min, and the dyeing is carried out.
Example 5
The cotton fiber fabric dyed in the example 4 is firstly washed by hot water at 60 ℃ for 10min and then put into a soaping agent; wherein the concentration of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer sodium salt (Mn 25000) is 1 g/L; the concentration of the potassium persulfate is 0.3 g/L; the concentration of urea is 0.6 g/L; the concentration of the sodium metasilicate is 0.2 g/L; soaping conditions were 70 ℃, bath ratio 1: 30, pH 10, 15 min. Then hot water washing is carried out for 10min at the temperature of 60 ℃, cold water washing is carried out for 5min, and drying is carried out, thus obtaining the dark blue cotton fiber fabric of the embodiment 5.
Example 6
The cotton fiber fabric is swelled by using 40g/L sodium carbonate aqueous solution, and the liquid carrying rate is controlled to be 110% through one-dipping-one-rolling. Preparing an active black RB5 aqueous solution with the concentration of 18 g/L. According to the volume ratio of 1: 0.6: 1.6: 5.5, weighing dimethylformamide, span 80, n-octanol and liquid paraffin; and uniformly mixing the raw materials by adopting an ultrasonic mode to obtain the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system. Then, according to the volume ratio of the active black RB5 aqueous solution to the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system of 1: 8.5 mixing the two solutions evenly under the action of ultrasound to obtain the navy blue dye bath. The average size of the micelle droplets was 200nm or less and the size distribution was relatively uniform as observed by a polarizing microscope. Adding the cotton fiber fabric into a navy blue dye bath for dyeing. The bath ratio in the dyeing process is 1: 22. firstly, heating from room temperature to 70 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 1 ℃/min; then preserving heat and fixing color for 30 min; then the temperature is reduced from 70 ℃ to room temperature, the temperature reduction rate is 2 ℃/min, and the dyeing is carried out.
Example 7
The cotton fiber fabric dyed in the example 6 is firstly washed by hot water at 60 ℃ for 10min and then put into a soaping agent; wherein the soaping agent is soap boiling liquid containing 3g/L standard soap chips and 3g/L sodium carbonate; soaping conditions were 95 ℃, bath ratio 1: 50, the time is 10 min. Then washed with hot water at 60 ℃ for 10min, washed with cold water for 5min and dried to obtain the dark blue cotton fiber fabric of the example 7.
Comparative example 1
The cotton fiber fabric is swelled by 35g/L sodium carbonate aqueous solution, and the liquid carrying rate is controlled to be 120% by one-time soaking and one-time rolling. An active black RB5 aqueous solution with the concentration of 15g/L is prepared. According to the volume ratio of active black RB5 aqueous solution to liquid paraffin of 1: and 9, uniformly mixing the two under the action of ultrasonic waves to obtain the navy blue dye bath. Adding the cotton fiber fabric into a navy blue dye bath for dyeing. The bath ratio in the dyeing process is 1: 20. firstly, heating from room temperature to 65 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 1 ℃/min; then preserving heat and fixing color for 30 min; then the temperature is reduced from 65 ℃ to room temperature, the temperature reduction rate is 2 ℃/min, and the dyeing is carried out. Then, washing with 60 deg.C hot water for 10min, and placing in soaping agent; wherein the soaping agent is soap boiling liquid containing 3g/L standard soap chips and 3g/L sodium carbonate; soaping conditions were 95 ℃, bath ratio 1: 50, the time is 10 min. Then washed with hot water at 60 ℃ for 10min, washed with cold water for 5min and dried to obtain the dark blue cotton fiber fabric of comparative example 1.
The leveling property index L and wet crocking fastness of examples 2-3, 5 and 7 and comparative example 1 were measured according to the method of the present invention described previously. See table 1 for results.
TABLE 1
| Leveling property index L | Color fastness to wet rubbing | |
| Example 2 | 78％ | 4-5 |
| Example 3 | 71％ | 3-4 |
| Example 5 | 75％ | 4-5 |
| Example 7 | 67％ | 4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 56％ | 3-4 |
As can be seen from Table 1, examples 2-3, 5 and 7 of the present invention are significantly improved in leveling property index L with respect to comparative example 1 due to the use of the navy blue dye bath of the reverse micelle system obtained by modification of liquid paraffin. In addition, the saponification process of examples 2 and 5 uses maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer sodium salt, and wet crockfastness is improved by half or one step as compared with comparative example 1. Whereas the saponification process of examples 3 and 7 used soap chips, the wet crocking fastness was substantially equivalent to that of comparative example 1.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A little water dyeing process of cotton fiber fabric, including adding the cotton fiber fabric into navy blue dyebath to carry on the step of dyeing and dyed cotton fiber fabric soaping step; the method is characterized in that the soaping agent used for soaping is a mixed solution of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer sodium salt, potassium persulfate, urea and sodium metasilicate; the number average molecular weight of the sodium salt of the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer is 22000-28000; the concentration of the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer sodium salt is 0.8-1.2 g/L; the concentration of the potassium persulfate is 0.2-0.4 g/L; the concentration of the urea is 0.4-0.8 g/L; the concentration of the sodium metasilicate is 0.05-0.3 g/L;
the navy blue dye bath consists of a navy blue dye high-concentration aqueous solution and a liquid paraffin reverse micelle system, and the volume ratio is 1: (8-12);
the navy blue dye is selected from reactive black RB 5; the concentration of the navy blue dye high-concentration water solution is 8-24 g/L;
the liquid paraffin reverse micelle system is formed by mixing dimethylformamide, span 80, n-octanol and liquid paraffin; the volume ratio of the dimethylformamide to the span 80 to the n-octanol to the liquid paraffin is 1: (0.4-0.8): (1.2-1.8): (4-6).
2. The low-water dyeing process according to claim 1, wherein the soaping conditions are 60-80 ℃, the bath ratio is 1: (20-40), pH =9.5-11, time is 10-30 min.
3. The low-water dyeing process according to claim 1, wherein the dyeing process comprises a warming dye-uptake stage from room temperature to a target temperature and a soaking dye-fixation stage at the target temperature.
4. The low-water dyeing process according to claim 3, wherein the target temperature is 50-80 ℃.
5. The low-water dyeing process according to claim 1, further comprising a step of swelling the cotton fabric.
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