CN109790799A - 具有反向旋转的螺旋桨的航空涡轮机 - Google Patents

具有反向旋转的螺旋桨的航空涡轮机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109790799A
CN109790799A CN201680089526.9A CN201680089526A CN109790799A CN 109790799 A CN109790799 A CN 109790799A CN 201680089526 A CN201680089526 A CN 201680089526A CN 109790799 A CN109790799 A CN 109790799A
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Prior art keywords
rotor
propeller
aeroturbine
prime mover
reverse rotation
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CN201680089526.9A
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English (en)
Inventor
M.多尔夫纳
K.彼得迈尔
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Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG
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Siemens AG
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/02Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02KJET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K5/00Plants including an engine, other than a gas turbine, driving a compressor or a ducted fan
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C11/00Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
    • B64C11/46Arrangements of, or constructional features peculiar to, multiple propellers
    • B64C11/48Units of two or more coaxial propellers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/24Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants using steam or spring force
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D35/00Transmitting power from power plants to propellers or rotors; Arrangements of transmissions
    • B64D35/02Transmitting power from power plants to propellers or rotors; Arrangements of transmissions specially adapted for specific power plants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D35/00Transmitting power from power plants to propellers or rotors; Arrangements of transmissions
    • B64D35/02Transmitting power from power plants to propellers or rotors; Arrangements of transmissions specially adapted for specific power plants
    • B64D35/021Transmitting power from power plants to propellers or rotors; Arrangements of transmissions specially adapted for specific power plants for electric power plants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D35/00Transmitting power from power plants to propellers or rotors; Arrangements of transmissions
    • B64D35/04Transmitting power from power plants to propellers or rotors; Arrangements of transmissions characterised by the transmission driving a plurality of propellers or rotors
    • B64D35/06Transmitting power from power plants to propellers or rotors; Arrangements of transmissions characterised by the transmission driving a plurality of propellers or rotors the propellers or rotors being counter-rotating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

提出了一种具有反向旋转的螺旋桨和原动机的航空涡轮机,其噪声产生相比于原动机基于燃烧原理的航空涡轮机得以显著降低。提出了一种具有反向旋转的螺旋桨和原动机的航空涡轮机,其原动机基于电驱动原理。

Description

具有反向旋转的螺旋桨的航空涡轮机
技术领域
本发明涉及根据权利要求1的前序部分的具有反向旋转的螺旋桨的航空涡轮机。
背景技术
具有反向旋转的螺旋桨的航空涡轮机是已知的,其原动机基于燃烧原理。
就简单的螺旋桨布置结构而言,流过螺旋桨的空气被赋予一涡流,该涡流降低了螺旋桨效率。安装在第一螺旋桨后面的反向旋转的第二螺旋桨减小了这种涡流,并且由此提高了螺旋桨效率。然而,反向旋转的螺旋桨的原理伴随着显著的噪声产生。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有反向旋转的螺旋桨的航空涡轮机,其噪声产生被显著降低。
根据本发明,该目的基于开篇所提到的类型的航空涡轮机通过一种航空涡轮机实现,该航空涡轮机具有在权利要求1的特征部分中给出的特征。
与此相适应地,具有反向旋转的螺旋桨的航空涡轮机具有原动机,该原动机代替燃烧原理而基于电驱动原理。
电驱动器比燃烧驱动器明显更安静,从而航空涡轮机整体上在噪声产生方面得以显著降低。
本发明的有利的设计方案是从属权利要求的主题。
与此相适应地,原动机被构造为具有齿绕线圈绕组的旋转对称的同步电机,针对第一螺旋桨具有带有第一电极数的第一转子,并且针对第二螺旋桨具有带有第二电极数的第二转子。第一转子是内转子并且第二转子是外转子。第一电极数和第二电极数彼此不同。第一转子和第二转子分别安置成相对于彼此能够独立地旋转。第一转子和第二转子分别具有一轴-和法兰布置结构,用于连接两个螺旋桨中的每一个。
这种原动机具有特别平静的并且因此轻微的噪声产生,并且于是以特别的方式适合用于驱动。
迄今为止,在齿绕线圈电机中仅使用了电负荷的一个主导谐波。而齿绕线圈绕组、特别是双层的齿绕线圈绕组,例如在所要求保护的主题中所存在的那样,形成具有多个主导谐波的电负荷。通过针对相对于彼此能独立旋转地安置的转子选择不同的适当选取的电极数而使用两个主导谐波。
在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中,所述同步电机以永久磁铁励磁激励的方式被构造。
在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中,航空涡轮机被设计实现:反向旋转的螺旋桨根据其驱动频率以不同的速度旋转。
附图说明
下面借助于附图进一步介绍本发明的实施例。其中:
图1以展开图示出了电机模块,并且
图2示出了带有双层的齿绕线圈绕组的绕组系数的图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了电机模块I,该电机模块包括定子II中的原绕组和每个转子部件III或IV中的10个或14个电极(齿绕线圈)。定子II的所示出的区段在此具有12个齿绕线圈,这些齿绕线圈布置在不导磁和电的支撑件上。转子部件III在此构造为外转子,该外转子具有例如2P = 10个电极(齿绕线圈),且转子部件IV在此构造为内转子,该内转子具有例如2P =14个电极(齿绕线圈)。
电机模块I系指电动机的磁性最小的单元。它由原绕组和转子布置结构组成,该转子布置结构具有与原绕组相对应的电极数。电动机由至少一个电机模块I组成。但是,所述电动机也可以具有任意数量的电机模块I,它们相对于彼此电磁对称。
所提出的永久磁铁励磁激励的同步电机旋转对称地构造,特别地,永久磁铁励磁激励的同步电机以径向场拓扑结构或轴向场拓扑结构来设计。然而,为了更简单起见,绘出了展开图以表示每个电机拓扑结构。
如已经提到的那样,图1中的电机模块I包括12个齿绕线圈,这些齿绕线圈布置在不导电和磁的支撑结构上。所述支撑结构具有齿和槽。齿绕线圈布置在所述齿的每个上。在每个槽中有两个线圈边。就此而言,涉及双层的齿绕线圈绕组。
此外,在图1中示意性地示出了两个转子III和IV。一个转子例如III在此,如同样已经提到的那样,是外转子。第二转子例如IV是内转子。这两个转子的电极数彼此不同。
在图1中所示出的示例性的设计方案中,电机模块中的内转子IV具有14个电极,且外转子III具有10个电极。
如果所有的电机由一个电机模块I组成,那么外转子III具有10个电极,且内转子IV具有14个电极。
如果电机由N个电机模块I组成,则外转子具有Nx10个电极,且内转子具有Nx14个电极。
针对这种绕组系统,在图2中示出了绕组系数u。可以从绕组系数u中推导出电负荷的主导谐波。绕组系数可以被认为是形成扭矩的电负荷的量度。在设计这种机器时,目标总是在于选择一个主导的电负荷谐波v。在目前的情况下,假设v = -5,即负的五次电负荷谐波,或假设v = 7,即七次电负荷谐波。符号指的是谐波的旋转方向。此外,还应该指出,这两个谐波的频率也彼此不同。
具有Nx10或10个电极的外转子将同步地以五次谐波运转。
具有Nx14或14个电极的内转子将同步地并且因此与外转子方向相反地以七次谐波运转。
如果现在内-和外转子III和IV相对于彼此可独立旋转地安置并且设置有合适的轴-和法兰布置结构,则可以安装两个螺旋桨,这些螺旋桨由于所使用的谐波而以相反的方向旋转并且根据其频率以不同的速度旋转。
此外,所述螺旋桨可以在直径、叶片形状和叶片数量方面彼此不同。

Claims (4)

1.具有反向旋转的螺旋桨和原动机的航空涡轮机,其特征在于,所述原动机基于电驱动原理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的航空涡轮机,其特征在于,
- 所述原动机被构造为带有齿绕线圈绕组的旋转对称的同步电机,针对第一螺旋桨具有带有第一电极数的第一转子,并且针对第二螺旋桨具有带有第二电极数的第二转子,
- 所述第一转子是内转子且所述第二转子是外转子,
- 所述第一电极数和所述第二电极数不同,
- 所述第一转子和所述第二转子分别安置成相对于彼此能够独立地旋转,并且
- 所述第一转子和所述第二转子分别具有一轴-和法兰布置结构,用于连接两个螺旋桨中的每一个。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的航空涡轮机,其特征在于,所述同步电机以永久磁铁励磁激励的方式被构造。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的航空涡轮机,其特征在于,实现了一种设计,通过该设计,所述反向旋转的螺旋桨根据其驱动频率以不同的速度旋转。
CN201680089526.9A 2016-09-23 2016-09-23 具有反向旋转的螺旋桨的航空涡轮机 Pending CN109790799A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/EP2016/072683 WO2018054483A1 (de) 2016-09-23 2016-09-23 Flugzeugturbine mit gegenläufigen propellern

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EP (1) EP3500747B1 (zh)
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WO (1) WO2018054483A1 (zh)

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GB201900478D0 (en) 2019-01-14 2019-02-27 Rolls Royce Plc Turbomachine
FR3093503B1 (fr) * 2019-03-06 2021-04-30 Safran Propulseur électrique pour aéronef et procédé d’utilisation d’un tel propulseur
US11613371B1 (en) 2021-11-19 2023-03-28 John Daniel Romo Electric vacuum jet engine

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US6217298B1 (en) * 1998-04-30 2001-04-17 Sulzer Innotec Ag Electrodynamic transmission and a centrifugal pump with a transmission of this kind
DE60320056T2 (de) * 2002-02-21 2008-07-03 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Yokohama Stromregelverfahren und Vorrichtung für eine elektrische Rotationsmaschine
DE202008015201U1 (de) * 2008-11-17 2009-02-05 Lfk-Lenkflugkörpersysteme Gmbh Koaxial angeordneter Elektromotor
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CN101359862B (zh) * 2008-09-27 2011-08-31 沈阳工业大学 具有单电口和同速逆向双机械口的永磁同步电机
US20130174533A1 (en) * 2012-01-06 2013-07-11 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Magnetically coupled contra-rotating propulsion stages
US20130181562A1 (en) * 2012-01-17 2013-07-18 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Dual-rotor machine
EP2769459A4 (en) * 2011-09-04 2015-04-15 Eric Chantriaux ELECTROMAGNETIC POWER TRANSMISSION FOR A ROTATING WING OR STARRING AIRCRAFT

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6217298B1 (en) * 1998-04-30 2001-04-17 Sulzer Innotec Ag Electrodynamic transmission and a centrifugal pump with a transmission of this kind
DE60320056T2 (de) * 2002-02-21 2008-07-03 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Yokohama Stromregelverfahren und Vorrichtung für eine elektrische Rotationsmaschine
CN101378214A (zh) * 2007-08-30 2009-03-04 德昌电机股份有限公司 电动马达
CN101359862B (zh) * 2008-09-27 2011-08-31 沈阳工业大学 具有单电口和同速逆向双机械口的永磁同步电机
DE202008015201U1 (de) * 2008-11-17 2009-02-05 Lfk-Lenkflugkörpersysteme Gmbh Koaxial angeordneter Elektromotor
EP2769459A4 (en) * 2011-09-04 2015-04-15 Eric Chantriaux ELECTROMAGNETIC POWER TRANSMISSION FOR A ROTATING WING OR STARRING AIRCRAFT
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US20130181562A1 (en) * 2012-01-17 2013-07-18 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Dual-rotor machine

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EP3500747A1 (de) 2019-06-26
US11056955B2 (en) 2021-07-06
WO2018054483A1 (de) 2018-03-29
US20200017230A1 (en) 2020-01-16

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