CN109787532A - Three phase change structure inverters of one kind and its control method - Google Patents
Three phase change structure inverters of one kind and its control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three phase change structure inverters and its control method, including four bridge arms and four two-way brilliant locks, the anodes of the output node connection A phase winding of first bridge arm；The negative terminal of the output node connection A phase winding of second bridge arm；The anode of the output node connection C phase winding of the third bridge arm；The negative terminal of the output node connection C phase winding of the four bridge legs；The anode of the B phase winding is connected to third bridge arm by the first thyristor, and negative terminal is connected to the second bridge arm by the second thyristor；Or the anode of the B phase winding also passes through third thyristor and is connected to the second bridge arm, negative terminal is connected to third bridge arm by the 4th thyristor.The present invention makes three phase alternating current motor under the operating condition of big torque, reduces the power loss of motor driver；Under the operating condition of high speed, the DC voltage utilization rate of motor driver is improved, extends high speed operation of motor section.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alternating current generator and drive control field, more particularly, to a kind of three phase change structure inverters and
Its control method.
Background technique
In AC Drive field, three-phase semi-bridge inversion topology is the driver topological structure being most widely used at present.
The topological structure includes three bridge arms, therefore driver is at low cost, and power density is high.But the direct current that the topological structure can provide
Voltage utilization is low, and the counter electromotive force of motor is directly proportional to speed.Under high-speed working condition, the counter electromotive force of motor is high, needs
High Level DC Voltage utilization rate, therefore the topology limits performance of the motor under high-speed working condition.
Three phase full bridge inversion topological has the DC voltage utilization rate of one times of three-phase semi-bridge inversion topology.It can be seen that this is opened up
Flutterring structure includes six bridge arms, and each bridge arm is intended to circulation phase current.Therefore using the topology will lead to driver cost and
Volume greatly increases, and power loss when motor driver works also greatly increases.These are the disadvantage is that limitation three phase full bridge inversion
Device topology is difficult to the most important reason promoted and applied in industry.
Patent CN201810051626.3 discloses one kind and opens winding electric machine driver topology and its modulator approach.The topology
With DC voltage utilization rate identical with three phase full bridge inversion topological, and reduce two bridge arms, therefore compares three phase full bridge
Inversion topological, the power loss when cost volume of the topology and operation substantially reduce.But it is applied to three traditional intersections
When in galvanic electricity machine, bridge arm 2 and bridge arm 3 in the topology need to circulate 1.717 times of phase current.It, should compared to three-phase half-bridge topology
Still there is biggish increase in the power loss of topology at runtime.And motor needs driver topological under big torque operating condition
Big current output capability is provided.Therefore, which limits runnability of the motor in big torque.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of three phase change structure inverters and its controlling parties
Method, it is intended to solve the problems, such as that the loss of prior art motor actuator power is big, DC voltage utilization rate is low.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of three phase change structure inverters, including the first bridge arm, the second bridge
Arm, third bridge arm, four bridge legs, the first bidirectional thyristor T1, the second bidirectional thyristor T2, third bidirectional thyristor T3 and the 4th
Bidirectional thyristor T4；
The upper node of each bridge arm connects DC bus-bar voltage, and lower node connects power ground；
The anode of the output node connection A phase winding of first bridge arm；The output node of second bridge arm connects A phase
The negative terminal of winding；
The anode of the output node connection C phase winding of the third bridge arm；The output node of the four bridge legs connects C phase
The negative terminal of winding；
First thyristor is connected between the output node of third bridge arm and the anode of B phase winding；
Second thyristor is connected between the output node of the second bridge arm and the negative terminal of B phase winding；
The third thyristor is connected between the output node of the second bridge arm and the anode of B phase winding；
4th thyristor is connected between the output node of third bridge arm and the negative terminal of B phase winding；
First bidirectional thyristor, the second bidirectional thyristor are used to B phase winding inversely accessing inverter, pass through change
Inverter phase voltage reduces the revolving speed of rotor, realizes the operation of motor first mode；
The third bidirectional thyristor, the 4th bidirectional thyristor are used to B phase winding forward accessing inverter, pass through change
Inverter phase voltage increases the revolving speed of rotor, realizes the operation of motor second mode；
First bidirectional thyristor is connected under motor first mode with the second bidirectional thyristor, closes under the second mode
It is disconnected；
The third bidirectional thyristor is connected under motor second mode with the 4th bidirectional thyristor, closes in the flrst mode
It is disconnected；
First bridge arm, the second bridge arm, third bridge arm and four bridge legs are used to control the phase voltage and phase current of motor.
Preferably, the bridge arm includes bridge arm device for power switching and lower bridge arm device for power switching on one, described
The lower node of upper bridge arm device for power switching is connect with the upper node of lower bridge arm device for power switching, the output section as bridge arm
Point, for controlling the phase voltage and phase current of motor；Device for power switching is electric current full-controlled switch, including MOSFET, band are instead
The IGBT of parallel diode.
On the other hand, based on above-mentioned three phase change structure inverter of one kind, the present invention provides a kind of three phase change structures are inverse
Become the control method of device, comprising:
(1) when the target operational mode of inverter and real work mode are inconsistent, real work mould will be removed simultaneously
The driving signal on two bidirectional thyristors be connected under formula makes corresponding two bidirectional thyristor zero-crossing switchings；
(2) apply driving signal conducting on corresponding two bidirectional thyristors simultaneously under target operational mode, and switch
Voltage modulated mode runs inverter under target operational mode.
The switching of the real work mode and target operational mode include switching from first mode to second mode, second
Switching of the mode to first mode.
Contemplated above technical scheme through the invention, compared with prior art, can obtain it is following the utility model has the advantages that
(1) for the present invention compared to three-phase half-bridge topology, the three phase change structure inverters proposed can be in the feelings of not weak magnetic
One times of the range of speeds is extended under condition, in addition the inverter has whole current control freedom degrees, and has preferably fault-tolerant
Performance.
(2) three phase change structures inverter pattern switching proposed by the present invention only changes the connection type of B phase winding, accordingly
Control method is utilized B phase zero crossing and carries out pattern switching, keeps handoff procedure of short duration rapidly, not to motor in handoff procedure
Rotational speed and torque impacts, so as to avoid the influence to user.
(3) present invention use three phase change structure Driven by inverter traditional AC motors when, motor driver cost, volume with
And power loss is close with three-phase half-bridge topology, but drive performance will be much better than three-phase half-bridge topology, answer with industry
Prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the three-phase symmetrical alternating current of three phase alternating current motor；
Fig. 2 is three phase change structure inverter structure under low-speed mode provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is three phase change structure inverter structures under high-speed mode provided by the invention；
Motor speed torque relationship figure when Fig. 4 is using three-phase half-bridge topology；
Motor speed torque relationship figure when Fig. 5 is using three phase change structures inverter provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of three phase change structure inverters, including the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm, third bridge arm, the 4th
Bridge arm, the first bidirectional thyristor T1, the second bidirectional thyristor T2, third bidirectional thyristor T3 and the 4th bidirectional thyristor T4；
The upper node of each bridge arm connects DC bus-bar voltage, and lower node connects power ground；
The anode of the output node connection A phase winding of first bridge arm；The output node of second bridge arm connects A phase
The negative terminal of winding；
The anode of the output node connection C phase winding of the third bridge arm；The output node of the four bridge legs connects C phase
The negative terminal of winding；
First thyristor is connected between the output node of third bridge arm and the anode of B phase winding；
Second thyristor is connected between the output node of the second bridge arm and the negative terminal of B phase winding；
The third thyristor is connected between the output node of the second bridge arm and the anode of B phase winding；
4th thyristor is connected between the output node of third bridge arm and the negative terminal of B phase winding；
First bidirectional thyristor, the second bidirectional thyristor are used to B phase winding inversely accessing inverter, pass through change
Inverter phase voltage reduces the revolving speed of rotor, realizes the operation of motor first mode；
The third bidirectional thyristor, the 4th bidirectional thyristor are used to B phase winding forward accessing inverter, pass through change
Inverter phase voltage increases the revolving speed of rotor, realizes the operation of motor second mode；
First bidirectional thyristor is connected under motor first mode with the second bidirectional thyristor, closes under the second mode
It is disconnected；
The third bidirectional thyristor is connected under motor second mode with the 4th bidirectional thyristor, closes in the flrst mode
It is disconnected；
First bridge arm, the second bridge arm, third bridge arm and four bridge legs are used to control the phase voltage and phase current of motor.
Preferably, the bridge arm includes bridge arm device for power switching and lower bridge arm device for power switching on one, described
The lower node of upper bridge arm device for power switching is connect with the upper node of lower bridge arm device for power switching, for controlling the phase electricity of motor
Pressure and phase current；Device for power switching is electric current full-controlled switch, including MOSFET, with the IGBT of anti-paralleled diode.
Preferably due to which the maximum phase voltage exported under the second mode is greater than the maximum phase that can be exported under first mode
Voltage, therefore the revolving speed of the revolving speed of motor under the second mode is above the revolving speed under first mode.It therefore, will in the present invention
First mode is known as motor low-speed mode, and second mode is known as motor high-speed mode；In other words, the three phase change structures inverter
Include both of which, i.e. motor low-speed mode and motor high-speed mode.
Preferably, when the first bidirectional thyristor and the second bidirectional thyristor are connected, third bidirectional thyristor and the 4th two-way
It is the inverter structure under motor low-speed mode when thyristor is closed；When third bidirectional thyristor and the 4th bidirectional thyristor are led
It is logical, it is the inverter structure under motor high-speed mode when the first bidirectional thyristor and the second bidirectional thyristor turn off.
Preferably, the inverter structure under low-speed mode can provide high current but cannot provide High Level DC Voltage utilization
Rate, therefore be suitable for motor and run under low speed high torque operating condition；
Inverter structure under high-speed mode can provide High Level DC Voltage utilization rate but cannot provide high current, therefore,
When being run under high-speed working condition using motor, torque needs to drop volume operation.
On the other hand, based on above-mentioned three phase change structure inverter of one kind, the present invention provides a kind of three phase change structures are inverse
Become the control method of device, comprising:
(1) when the target operational mode of inverter and real work mode are inconsistent, real work mould will be removed simultaneously
The driving signal on two bidirectional thyristors be connected under formula makes corresponding two bidirectional thyristor zero-crossing switchings；
(2) apply driving signal conducting on corresponding two bidirectional thyristors simultaneously under target operational mode, and switch
Voltage modulated mode runs inverter under target operational mode.
Specifically, when inverter is worked in the low-speed mode, the first bidirectional thyristor T1 and the second bidirectional thyristor T2 begin
It being connected eventually to driving signal, third bidirectional thyristor T3 and the 4th bidirectional thyristor T4 are not turned off always to driving signal,
Control program uses the corresponding motor control method of low-speed mode at this time；
When inverter is worked in high speed mode, third bidirectional thyristor T3 and the 4th bidirectional thyristor T4 give driving always
Signal and be connected, the first bidirectional thyristor T1 and the second bidirectional thyristor T2 are not turned off always to driving signal, are controlled at this time
Scheme uses the corresponding motor control method of high-speed mode.
When being switched to high-speed mode from low-speed mode from three phase change structure inverters,
D1: removing the driving signal of bidirectional thyristor T1 and T2, waits the shutdown of bidirectional thyristor electric current natural zero-crossing, at this time
Controller still uses the corresponding motor control method of low-speed mode；
D2: detection B phase current, when B phase current is equal to zero, the first bidirectional thyristor T1 and the second bidirectional thyristor T2 are
It is turned off through natural zero-crossing；
D3: applying driving signal conducting for third bidirectional thyristor T3 and the 4th bidirectional thyristor T4, and by control program
It is switched to the corresponding motor control method of high-speed mode.
At this point, three phase change structure inverters are switched to high-speed mode.
When being switched to low-speed mode from high-speed mode from three phase change structure inverters,
D1: removing the driving signal of bidirectional thyristor T3 and T4, waits the shutdown of bidirectional thyristor electric current natural zero-crossing, at this time
Controller still uses the corresponding motor control method of high-speed mode；
D2: detection B phase current, when B phase current is equal to zero, third bidirectional thyristor T3 and the 4th bidirectional thyristor T4 are
It is turned off through natural zero-crossing；
D3: applying driving signal conducting for the first bidirectional thyristor T1 and the second bidirectional thyristor T2, and by control program
It is switched to the corresponding motor control method of low-speed mode.
At this point, three phase change structure inverters are switched to low-speed mode.
It is as shown in Figure 1 the three-phase symmetrical AC current waveform of typical three phase alternating current motor, the current waveform corresponding three
Phase current expression formula is as follows:
Wherein, ia, ib, icRespectively A phase, the phase current of B phase and C phase；IacFor the virtual value of phase current, θeFor electrical angle,
It is related with rotor angle.
Three-phase symmetrical alternating current can make the bridge arm power device in inverter in different inverter topologies
At different current stresses.As shown in Fig. 2, according to the connection type of phase winding in low-speed mode and bridge arm, available inflow
The electric current of bridge arm is as follows,
A phase and C phase current from above-mentioned formula it is found that the first bridge arm and four bridge legs circulate respectively, and the second bridge arm circulation A
The sum of phase and B phase current, the sum of third bridge arm circulation B phase and C phase current.But since there are phase differences between phase current, according to upper
Formula is stated it is found that the second bridge arm is identical with the virtual value of phase current with the virtual value of third bridge arm circulating current, therefore each bridge arm
Current stress be it is identical, size is the virtual value of phase current.Therefore, the current loss of motor operation is smaller, Ke Yiyun
Row is under low speed high torque operating condition.But by analysis, the topological structure under the low-speed mode only has and three-phase half-bridge topology knot
The identical DC voltage utilization rate of structure, therefore under the high-speed working condition for needing High Level DC Voltage utilization rate, it can not apply.
As shown in figure 3, according to the connection type of phase winding in high-speed mode and bridge arm, it can be deduced that flow into the electric current of bridge arm
It is as follows:
A phase and C phase current as can be seen from the above formula that the first bridge arm and four bridge legs circulate respectively, and bridge arm 2 circulates
The difference of A phase and B phase current, the difference of bridge arm 3 circulation B phase and C phase current.As can be seen from the above formula that the second bridge arm and third
The virtual value of bridge arm circulating current is 1.717 times of phase current virtual value, therefore, the current loss of motor operation be it is biggish,
Therefore for motor under high-speed working condition, torque needs to drop volume output.But compared to opening up under three-phase half-bridge structure or low-speed mode
Structure is flutterred, the topological structure under the high-speed mode can export twice of DC voltage utilization rate, to extend motor high speed
The section of operation reduces weak magnetic control.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is respectively rotational speed and torque of the three-phase motor under three-phase half-bridge topology and three phase change structure Topology Drivens
Relational graph, it can be seen that the traffic coverage of three-phase motor in the low-speed mode and the traffic coverage in three-phase half-bridge topology are phases
With, but in three phase change structures topology, a high-speed mode is increased, makes one times of motor extension of revolving speed section, significantly
Improve the service ability of motor.
Another important advantage of three phase change structures topology is that handoff procedure is smoothly rapid.In handoff procedure, electric current
Fluctuation or transient process will not be generated with torque, to will not have an impact to user.The smooth handoff procedure is on the one hand
When having benefited from topological structure switching, the connection type of one phase winding of switching is only used, and under the topological structure, three-phase windings
Control is mutually independent of each other, and is smoothly switched when the phase current zero passage in winding so as to wait；On the other hand, also have benefited from
Utilization to the control characteristic of bidirectional thyristor.Turn off uncontrollable since bidirectional thyristor is opened controllable, when shutdown needs electricity
Natural zero-crossing shutdown is flowed, therefore the driving signal of bidirectional thyristor can be removed at any time and do not have to change control method,
Wait phase current natural zero-crossing that can turn off again.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of three phase change structure inverters, which is characterized in that including the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm, third bridge arm, the 4th bridge
Arm, the first bidirectional thyristor, the second bidirectional thyristor, third bidirectional thyristor and the 4th bidirectional thyristor；
The upper node of each bridge arm connects DC bus-bar voltage, and lower node connects power ground；
The anode of the output node connection A phase winding of first bridge arm；The output node of second bridge arm connects A phase winding
Negative terminal；
The anode of the output node connection C phase winding of the third bridge arm；The output node of the four bridge legs connects C phase winding
Negative terminal；
First thyristor is connected between the output node of third bridge arm and the anode of B phase winding；
Second thyristor is connected between the output node of the second bridge arm and the negative terminal of B phase winding；
The third thyristor is connected between the output node of the second bridge arm and the anode of B phase winding；
4th thyristor is connected between the output node of third bridge arm and the negative terminal of B phase winding；
First bidirectional thyristor, the second bidirectional thyristor are used to B phase winding inversely accessing inverter, by changing inversion
Device phase voltage reduces the revolving speed of rotor, realizes the operation of motor first mode；
The third bidirectional thyristor, the 4th bidirectional thyristor are used to B phase winding forward accessing inverter, by changing inversion
Device phase voltage increases the revolving speed of rotor, realizes the operation of motor second mode；
First bidirectional thyristor is held under motor first mode with the second bidirectional thyristor, is protected under the second mode
Hold shutdown；
The third bidirectional thyristor is held under motor second mode with the 4th bidirectional thyristor, is protected in the flrst mode
Hold shutdown；
First bridge arm, the second bridge arm, third bridge arm and four bridge legs are used to control the phase voltage and phase current of motor.
2. three phase change structures inverter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that each bridge arm includes a upper bridge arm
The lower node of device for power switching and lower bridge arm device for power switching, the upper bridge arm device for power switching is opened with lower bridge arm power
The upper node connection for closing device, for controlling the phase voltage and phase current of motor.
3. three phase change structures inverter as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that device for power switching is that electric current full-control type is opened
It closes.
4. three phase change structures inverter as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the electric current full-controlled switch includes
MOSFET, the IGBT with anti-paralleled diode.
5. based on a kind of control method of three phase change structures inverter described in claim 1 characterized by comprising
(1) it when the target operational mode of inverter and real work mode are inconsistent, will remove simultaneously under real work mode
Driving signal on two bidirectional thyristors of conducting makes corresponding two bidirectional thyristor zero-crossing switchings；
(2) apply driving signal conducting on corresponding two bidirectional thyristors simultaneously under target operational mode, and switch voltage
Modulating mode runs inverter under target operational mode.
6. control method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the real work mode and target operational mode are cut
Change the switching to first mode of switching, second mode including first mode to second mode.
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| CN111637164A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-08 | 华中科技大学 | Series winding control device and method applied to magnetic suspension bearing |
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| WO2023026273A1 (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-03-02 | Irp Nexus Group Ltd | An optimal open windings inverter for controlling three-phase ac motors |
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| CN112532144A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-19 | 华中科技大学 | Multi-mode flexibly-switched motor driver and topology switching control method |
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