CN109781959A - A kind of soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field - Google Patents
A kind of soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field Download PDFInfo
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- CN109781959A CN109781959A CN201910018510.4A CN201910018510A CN109781959A CN 109781959 A CN109781959 A CN 109781959A CN 201910018510 A CN201910018510 A CN 201910018510A CN 109781959 A CN109781959 A CN 109781959A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to soil fertility fields, and in particular to a kind of soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field, the detailed process are as follows: step a, choice experiment sample；Step b characterizes the selection of soil fertility index；Step c, sample treatment and acquisition；Step d, the content of measurement characterization soil fertility index ingredient；Step e analyzes influence of the milk cattle cultivating waste water to soil fertility.Advantage of the present invention is as follows: (1) selection characterizes the physical index (field capacity) of soil fertility and characterizes the chemical index (organic matter and available nitrogen) of soil fertility to assess soil fertility, and it is more objective to evaluate；(2) it is assessed using Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility exponent pair soil fertility, assessment is more scientific；(3) milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field can not only be dissolved into waste water, mitigates pollution of the waste water to air and soil, soil fertilizer performance can also be enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of soil fertility more particularly to a kind of soil fertility assessment sides of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field
Method.
Background technique
Contain element needed for the plants such as N, P, containing a large amount of BOD and COD, unreasonable discharge in milk cattle cultivating waste water
The problems such as will cause soil fertility decline, salinization of soil, hardened, heavy metal ion pollution, antibiotic pollution.In addition, breeding wastewater
The stench of generation can pollute air.
Soil fertility is not only the means of soil production performance measurement, and whether instruction soil can be with the weight of benign development
Want means.When studying soil fertility, (1) is studied mostly with the chemical fertilizer such as N, P, K, organic fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer etc. to soil fertility
Based on influence；(2) the evaluation index multiselect of soil fertility assessment is to the chemical index based on soil nutrient；(3) research area is more
Based on the Main Agriculturals grown place such as Beijing, Hebei, three provinces in the northeast of China, Yangtze River Delta.
Therefore, the physical index (field capacity) of characterization soil fertility and the chemistry of characterization soil fertility are selected in this research
Index (soil organism and soil available nitrogen) carries out the soil fertility assessment of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field, also for extensive waste water
Field provides scientific basis, alleviates due to excessive breeding wastewater generation stench, endangers soil and relevant environmental problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of soil fertility appraisal procedures of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field, on overcoming
State technological deficiency.
To achieve the above object, provided by the invention the specific scheme is that
Step a, sample selection, through search data, investigation Huhehaote City's soil types after, select agricultural land soil for
Laboratory sample；
Step b characterizes the selection of soil fertility index, is searched data, the physical index (field of selection characterization soil fertility
Between water-holding capacity) with characterization soil fertility chemical index (soil organism and soil available nitrogen), referred to using Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility
Number FI assesses soil fertility, and characterization each Index grading standard of soil fertility is as follows:
Soil fertility assessment index calculation method is as follows:
In formula: FI is Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index；
FII, aveFor the average value of each fertility index；
FII, minFor the minimum value of each fertility index；
N is the index number that participates in evaluation and electing；
FIiFor each index index for characterizing fertility；
Ci is the content for characterizing each index components of fertility；
Wherein, when FI >=2.0 soil fertility be it is excellent, soil fertility is good, 1.0≤FI when 1.5≤FI < 2.0
During soil fertility is when < 1.5, soil fertility is poor when FI < 1.0；
Step c, sample treatment and acquisition；
The sowing amount of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field is divided into four groups according to local standard dose by step c1, sample treatment,
It is specific as follows: 0% local standard dose (control group), 50% local standard dose, 75% local standard dose,
100% local standard dose；Milk cattle cultivating waste water disposably applies farmland as base fertilizer, and the later period no longer applies；Four groups of plantations
The consistent plant of uniform quality, kind；In four groups of processing, plant growth environment is consistent, and irrigation amount is consistent；
Step c2, sample acquisition are acquired before four groups of milk cattle cultivating waste water apply farmland respectively and are applied with milk cattle cultivating waste water
Behind farmland, positioned at the soil of same depth；
Step d, the content of measurement characterization soil fertility index ingredient；
Step d1, water-retaining quantity among field of soil are measured using core cutter method, are put into flat appearance after the steps include: cutting ring sample
In device, slowly plus water is until lower than cutting ring top 2mm, takes out after it sufficiently absorbs water；It air-dries and the same depth of cutting ring sample
Soil, after grinding cross 10 mesh hole sizers, be put into cutting ring that is consistent with native cutting ring size is taken and taking Tu Kou upward, compacting soil,
Keep soil surface smooth, soil height is slightly above cutting ring mouth, and straight greater than cutting ring mouth in cutting ring mouth upper soll layer placement diameter
The filter paper of diameter；The cutting ring edge of a knife after abundant water suction docks to (upper, wind desiceted soil cutting ring exists wet soil cutting ring with the wind desiceted soil cutting ring edge of a knife
Under), compacting takes upper layer cutting ring native, weighs after air-drying, measure water-retaining quantity among field of soil, and do parallel reality after its sufficiently lower infiltration
It tests；
Step d2, soil organic matter content are measured using potassium bichromate-sulfuric acid oxidation method, the steps include: to be derived from so
Air-dry after, the scattered soil through milled 10 mesh hole sizer, with ferrous sulfate standard solution titration by oil bath pan boil added with weight chromium
The pedotheque of sour potassium-concentrated sulfuric acid solution measures soil organic matter content, and does parallel laboratory test；
Step d3, soil available nitrogen content are measured using sodium hydroxide-ferrous sulfate reductive hydrolysis method, step
Are as follows: natural air drying of learning from else's experience, the scattered soil for grinding, crossing 10 mesh hole sizers pass through constant temperature (40 DEG C) for 24 hours with the titration of sour standard solution, added with
The pedotheque of zinc-ferrous sulfate pulvis, sodium hydroxide solution measures soil available nitrogen content, and does parallel laboratory test；
Step e analyzes influence of the milk cattle cultivating waste water to soil fertility: using EXCEL2010, draw and be analyzed and characterized soil
The physical index (field capacity) of earth fertility and the chemical index (soil organism and soil available nitrogen) of characterization soil fertility
Index histogram and Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index histogram.
Compared with prior art present invention has an advantage that (1) present invention have evaluated milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field before, milk
Soil fertility after ox breeding wastewater returning to the field is more rigorous to assess soil fertility；(2) present invention uses characterization
The physical index (field capacity) of soil fertility with characterization soil fertility chemical index (soil organism and soil are effective
Nitrogen), more objectively soil fertility is assessed；(3) present invention uses soil fertility composite index, more scientific
Soil fertility is assessed.The present invention has probed into milk cattle cultivating waste water to the impact effect of agricultural land soil fertility, provides
A kind of soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field.With EXCEL draw milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field before, milk cow support
The physical index (field capacity index) of soil fertility and the chemical index (soil of characterization soil fertility are characterized after growing waste water returning to the field
Earth organic matter and soil available nitrogen) index histogram and Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index histogram, and to soil fertility into
Row analysis.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the soil fertility appraisal procedure flow chart of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field；
Fig. 2 is the comparison of water-retaining quantity among field of soil index before and after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field；
Fig. 3 is the comparison of soil organic matter content index before and after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field；
Fig. 4 is comparison of the soil soil available nitrogen containing volume index before and after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field；
Fig. 5 is the comparison of Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index before and after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the forgoing and additional technical features and advantages are described in more detail.
The detailed process of the soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field of the present invention are as follows:
Step a, sample selection, through search data, investigation Huhehaote City's soil types after, select agricultural land soil for
Experimental material；
Step b characterizes the selection of soil fertility index, is searched data, the physical index (field of selection characterization soil fertility
Between water-holding capacity) with characterization soil fertility chemical index (soil organism and soil available nitrogen), commented using Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility
Valence index FI assesses soil fertility, and characterization each Index grading standard of soil fertility is as follows:
Soil fertility assessment index calculation method is as follows:
In formula: FI is Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index；
FII, aveFor the average value of each fertility index；
FII, minFor the minimum value of each fertility index；
N is the index number that participates in evaluation and electing；
FIiFor each index index for characterizing fertility；
Ci is the content for characterizing each index components of fertility；
Wherein, when FI >=2.0 soil fertility be it is excellent, soil fertility is good, 1.0≤FI when 1.5≤FI < 2.0
During soil fertility is when < 1.5, soil fertility is poor when FI < 1.0；
Step c, sample treatment and acquisition；
The sowing amount of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field is divided into four groups according to local standard dose by step c1, sample treatment,
It is specific as follows: 0% local standard dose (control group), 50% local standard dose, 75% local standard dose,
100% local standard dose；Milk cattle cultivating waste water disposably enters to apply farmland as base fertilizer, and the later period no longer applies；Four groups of plantations
The consistent plant of uniform quality, kind；In four groups of processing, plant growth environment is consistent, and irrigation amount is consistent；
Step c2, sample acquisition are acquired before four groups of milk cattle cultivating waste water apply farmland respectively and are applied with milk cattle cultivating waste water
Behind farmland, positioned at the pedotheque of same depth；
Step d, the content of measurement characterization soil fertility index ingredient；
Step d1, water-retaining quantity among field of soil are measured using core cutter method, the steps include: the cutting ring after soil will be taken to be put into flat
In the container of bottom, there is hole one side downward, slowly adds water into container along chamber wall until making it sufficiently lower than at the 2mm of cutting ring top
Cutting ring is taken out in water suction；The soil with the same depth of cutting ring sample is air-dried, 10 mesh hole sizers are crossed after grinding, are put into and take native cutting ring
In the cutting ring that size is consistent and the cutting ring edge of a knife is upward, compacting soil keeps soil surface smooth, and the soil height after compacting is slightly higher
The filter paper that diameter is greater than cutting ring mouth diameter is placed in cutting ring mouth, and in cutting ring mouth upper soll layer；By the cutting ring knife after abundant water suction
(wet soil cutting ring upper, wind desiceted soil cutting ring is under) mouthful is docked with the wind desiceted soil cutting ring edge of a knife, is compacted；Upper layer is taken after its sufficiently lower infiltration
Cutting ring soil, weighs immediately；It is re-weighed after its natural air drying；Water-retaining quantity among field of soil can be measured, while doing parallel laboratory test；
Step d2, soil organic matter content are measured using one sulfuric acid oxidation method of potassium bichromate, the steps include: to be derived from so
Air-dry after, the scattered soil through milled 10 mesh hole sizer, with ferrous sulfate standard solution titration by oil bath pan boil added with weight chromium
The pedotheque of sour potassium-concentrated sulfuric acid solution measures soil organic matter content, and does parallel laboratory test；
Step d3, soil available nitrogen content are measured using sodium hydroxide-ferrous sulfate reductive hydrolysis method, step
Are as follows: through natural air drying, the scattered soil for grinding, crossing 10 mesh hole sizers, zinc-ferrous sulfate pulvis and pedotheque are laid in outside diffusion boat
Boric acid solution and nitrogen indicator is added dropwise in room, interior room, covers the rotation of frosted glass lid for several times, opens frosted glass and hydrogen-oxygen is added dropwise rapidly on one side
Change sodium solution in mistress, cover pileic tomentum, gently rotate for several times, for 24 hours using constant temperature (40 DEG C), is titrated and spread with sour standard solution
Ware interior room sample measures soil available nitrogen content, and does parallel laboratory test；
Step e analyzes influence of the milk cattle cultivating waste water to soil fertility: using EXCEL2010, plot analysis characterizes soil
The physical index (field capacity) of fertility with characterization soil fertility chemical index (soil organism index and soil are effective
Nitrogen) index histogram and Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index histogram.
It can be concluded that by above-mentioned analysis
(1) before milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field with the influence after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field to water-retaining quantity among field of soil index
Please refer to diagram 2, be milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field of the present invention before with the soil field after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field
Between water holding volume index experimental result, as the result is shown: when not applying milk cattle cultivating waste water, water-retaining quantity among field of soil index is increased
0.05；When applying milk cattle cultivating wastewater flow rate is 50%, 75%, 100% local standard dose, water-retaining quantity among field of soil index
Increase, has increased separately 0.21,0.24,0.30.
(2) before milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field with the influence after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field to soil organic matter content index
Diagram 3 is please referred to, to have before milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field of the present invention with the soil after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field
Experimental result of the machine matter containing volume index, as the result is shown: when not applying milk cattle cultivating waste water, soil organic matter content index decreased
0.04；When applying milk cattle cultivating wastewater flow rate is 50%, 75%, 100% local standard dose, soil organic matter content index
Increase 0.06,0.07,0.08.
(3) before milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field with the influence after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field to soil available nitrogen containing volume index
Diagram 4 is please referred to, to have before milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field of the present invention with the soil after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field
The experimental result of nitrogen content index is imitated, as the result is shown: when not applying milk cattle cultivating waste water, soil available nitrogen content index decreased
0.21；When applying milk cattle cultivating wastewater flow rate is 50%, 75%, 100% local standard dose, soil available nitrogen contains volume index
Increase 0.22,0.34,0.55.
(4) before milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field with the influence after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field to Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index
Diagram 5 is please referred to, is comprehensive with the soil after milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field before milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field of the present invention
The experimental result of Hefei power index, as the result is shown: all in all, the equal < 0.9 of agricultural land soil comprehensive fertility index, soil fertility is whole
Body situation is poor；When not applying milk cattle cultivating waste water, Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index decreased 0.04；When application milk cattle cultivating wastewater flow rate
When for 50%, 75%, 100% local standard dose, Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index increases 0.08,0.10,0.14.
The elements such as N, P needed for milk cattle cultivating waste water plant, reasonably can not only dissolve cultivation for breeding wastewater returning to the field
Waste water mitigates its adverse effect to ecological environments such as air, soil, can also enhance the fertilizer conservation performance of soil, alleviate soil
Hardened situation reduces fertilizer application quantity.The present invention is directed to by providing a kind of assessment soil fertilizer for milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field
The method of power situation.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is merely illustrative and not restrictive for the invention.
Those skilled in the art understand that many changes can be carried out in the spirit and scope defined by invention claim to it, modify,
It is even equivalent, but fall in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field, which is characterized in that the detailed process are as follows:
Step a, sample selection, selection Huhehaote City's soil are laboratory sample；
Step b, the index of selection characterization soil fertility；
Step c, sample treatment and acquisition；
Milk cattle cultivating waste water is applied agricultural land soil by step c1, sample treatment；
Step c2, sample acquire, respectively the soil before acquisition milk cattle cultivating waste water application farmland, behind milk cattle cultivating waste water application farmland
Earth；
Step d, the content of measurement characterization soil fertility index ingredient；
Step d1 measures water-retaining quantity among field of soil；
Step d2 measures soil organic matter content；
Step d3 measures soil available nitrogen content；
Step e analyzes influence of the milk cattle cultivating waste water to soil fertility, utilizes EXCEL2010, plot analysis soil fertility shape
Condition.
2. the soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that above-mentioned
In step a, after being searched data, investigation Huhehaote City's soil types, select agricultural land soil for experimental material.
3. the soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that above-mentioned
In step b, choose characterization soil fertility physical index (field capacity) and characterization soil fertility chemical index (soil has
Machine matter and soil available nitrogen)；It chooses Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index FI and assesses soil fertility, Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index calculation method
It is as follows:
In formula: FI is Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility index；
FIi.aveFor the average value of each fertility index；
FIi.minFor the minimum value of each fertility index；
N is the index number that participates in evaluation and electing.
4. the soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that above-mentioned step
In rapid c1, the sowing amount of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field is divided into four groups according to local standard dose, specific as follows: 0% is local
Standard manuring amount (control group), 50% local standard dose, 75% local standard dose, 100% local standard dose；
Milk cattle cultivating waste water disposably applies farmland as base fertilizer, and the later period no longer applies.
5. the soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that above-mentioned step
In rapid c2, respectively positioned at same depth before acquisition milk cattle cultivating waste water application farmland, behind milk cattle cultivating waste water application farmland
Soil.
6. the soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that above-mentioned
In step d1, water-retaining quantity among field of soil is measured using core cutter method.
7. the soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that above-mentioned
In step d2, soil organic matter content is measured using potassium bichromate-sulfuric acid oxidation method.
8. the soil fertility appraisal procedure of milk cattle cultivating waste water returning to the field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that above-mentioned
In step d3, soil available nitrogen content is measured using sodium hydroxide-ferrous sulfate reductive hydrolysis method.
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| CN116384601A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-07-04 | 吉林农业大学 | Soil organic matter accumulation prediction method in cattle-corn circulating agriculture |
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| CN112180067A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-05 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Device for determining water and fertilizer retention of soil sample |
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Application publication date: 20190521 |