CN109781707A - It is a kind of based on optical fiber enhancing transformer oil in failure gas on-Line Monitor Device - Google Patents
It is a kind of based on optical fiber enhancing transformer oil in failure gas on-Line Monitor Device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109781707A CN109781707A CN201910187347.4A CN201910187347A CN109781707A CN 109781707 A CN109781707 A CN 109781707A CN 201910187347 A CN201910187347 A CN 201910187347A CN 109781707 A CN109781707 A CN 109781707A
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Abstract
Failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing, including laser, laser beam expander, two to dichronic mirror, spatial filter, coupler, the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber of nanoscale hole hole modification, spectrometer；Laser is issued by the laser, amplify through the laser beam expander, by described two to after dichronic mirror, in the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber for modified laser coupled to the nanoscale hole hole by the coupler, the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber of the nanoscale hole hole modification is placed in transformer oil, the Raman diffused light and laser signal of the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber conduction return to described two to dichronic mirror, again by the spatial filter, finally acquired by the CCD of the spectrometer.Failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in the transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing of the invention, without carrying out artificial Oil-gas Separation, accuracy is high, easy to operate, can failure gas in direct in-situ detection transformer oil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Electric Power Equipment Insulation on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis fields, and in particular to one kind is enhanced based on optical fiber
Transformer oil in failure gas on-Line Monitor Device.
Background technique
Electric system it is safe and stable, be reliably one of basis of rapid economic development and social stability with economical operation.
Power transformer is the hub device that the conversion of different brackets voltage, electric energy distribution are undertaken in electric system, it is defeated in electric system
Electricity, power transformation play an important role in process of distributing electricity, and safe operation is to ensure power system security and stable core
The heart.More and more large capacities, high-grade large-scale power transformer come into operation in super extra-high voltage grid, once event occurs
Barrier not only damages expensive electrical equipment, also results in power grid paralysis, causes to be difficult to estimate to people's daily life and national economy
The loss of meter.
Large-scale power transformer mainly uses oil-immersed transformer both at home and abroad at present, and interior insulation system is for insulating oil and absolutely
The composite insulation structure that edge paper (plate) is constituted.In order to realize the on-line monitoring to running state of transformer, most common method is just
It is the monitoring, diagnosing to Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil.When the event including electric discharge, overheat or aging occurs in power transformer
When barrier, insulating materials, which can decompose, generates corresponding characteristic gas, generally includes H2、CH4、C2H2、C2H4、C2H6、CO、CO2This seven kinds
Characteristic gas.The monitoring of oil dissolved gas is mainly gas chromatography at this stage, its main flow include sampling, degassing,
Chromatograph analysis and four parts of data processing.It is limited in that chromatography can only carry out in laboratory, and cannot be real
Now continuous on-line monitoring, while sensitivity is relatively limited；And though infrared absorption spectroscopy and photocaustic spectroscopy are not necessarily to chromatographic column,
It is able to achieve the direct analysis of mixed gas, but accuracy in detection is to be improved, and every kind of under test gas all needs a specific wavelength
Laser realizes effective detection of gas.
Raman spectroscopy is the spectroscopic analysis methods that a kind of maturation of species analysis is carried out based on Ramam effect, has and utilizes
Single wavelength laser realizes the advantage of many kinds of substance measurement simultaneously.It is same major advantage is to detect using one of Raman spectrum
Core diatomic gas and other molecular gas substances, including stable isotope gas is such as13CO2,14N15N or (TF304) N2.Raman
Gas analysis speed is fast, no consumption, does not need to mark or sample, and can detect all gas in addition to rare gas simultaneously
Body.But since Oil Dissolved Gases Concentration is low, while Ramam effect has lower absolute scatter section, it is therefore desirable to reinforce drawing
Graceful intensity is to reach required reasonable detection limit.
Optical fiber enhances technology and is imitated by improving the collection of under test gas and laser effective interaction length and Raman scattering photon
Rate improves gas Raman detection sensitivity, for based on Raman spectroscopy transformer aging monitoring and fault diagnosis lay
Good basis.Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber has become the leading technology of trace gas sensory field, shows and further mentions
Highly sensitive potentiality.Laser and Raman active gas molecule may be implemented in this novel optical fiber with low waveguide loss characteristic
Long-term optical interaction.In recent years, ultra-short pulse laser Precision Machining field was concerned, due to ultra-short pulse laser arteries and veins
The wide characteristic time for being shorter than most physical and chemical processes makes to regulate and control electronic state in manufacturing process and realize " non-thermal to add
Work " becomes possibility, and compared with conventional laser, the Femtosecond-Laser Pulse Excitation time is short, is nearly free from heat affected area, machining accuracy
Height, low energy consumption makes it have high-precision, minimization double teeming, the feature of high controllability and repeatability in capillary processing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is based on femtosecond laser processing technologies, periodically receive in kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber side
Meter level drilling realizes the Oil-gas Separation in transformer oil, the method is easy to operate, and accuracy is high, is by utilizing capillary effect
A kind of new method not influenced by peripheral environment, sampling level.By the Ramam effect using optical fiber enhancing, and then realize transformation
In situ detection in device oil.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
Failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing, including laser, laser beam expanding
Device, two to dichronic mirror, spatial filter, coupler, the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber of nanoscale hole hole modification, spectrum
Instrument；Laser is issued by the laser, is amplified through the laser beam expander, by described two to after dichronic mirror, by the coupling
In the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber that device modifies laser coupled to the nanoscale hole hole, the nanoscale hole hole is repaired
The kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber of decorations is placed in transformer oil, the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber conduction
Raman diffused light and laser signal back to described two to dichronic mirror, then by the spatial filter, finally by the light
The CCD of spectrometer is acquired.
Preferably, the central wavelength of the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber of the nanoscale hole hole modification is in 500-
Between 600nm, increase by one layer of silicon ring in fiber core, between 0.2 μm -0.4 μm.
Preferably, bore mode is to pierce in optical fiber radially from eight Along ent angles, and hole extends from optical fiber surface
To fibre core, keeps boring point to be maintained on a straight line in the axial direction, avoid misplacing as far as possible.
Preferably, drill region length must not be less than fiber lengths 1/5th, no more than two points of fiber lengths
One of, spacing of wells 0.1-1.5mm.
Preferably, the laser is the solid state laser of the single-frequency single mode transverse mode lasers of generation wavelength 532nm.
Preferably, the laser continuous power output 400mW, frequency 3MHz, low noise are less than 0.25%rms, light beam
Diameter is within the scope of 1-3mm.
Preferably, small-bore laser beam is expanded as heavy caliber collimated light beam, laser beam expander by the laser beam expander
Expanding multiplying power is 1-3 times, and it is 6.0mm that maximum, which expands diameter,.
Preferably, the coupler uses the object lens of long reach, and the multiplying power of object lens is in 10-30, operating distance 10-
50mm, focal length 5-25mm.
Preferably, the coupler is made of microcobjective.
Preferably, further include high pass filter, be set to two between dichronic mirror and spatial filter, wavelength is greater than
532nm。
Preferably, the spatial filter includes two panels achromatic lens and a pinhole device, the two panels achromatic lens
Respectively collimation lens and condenser lens.
Preferably, the pinhole device diameter range is 10-50 μm, and the focal range of the two panels achromatic lens is in 10-
25mm。
The present invention has technical effect beneficial below compared with the existing technology:
Failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing of the invention, without carrying out artificial oil gas
Separation, accuracy are high, easy to operate, can failure gas in direct in-situ detection transformer oil.
Detailed description of the invention
The technical program is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is that the structure of failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing of the invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber；
Fig. 3 is to H2It carries out Raman spectrum and detects comparison diagram；
Fig. 4 is to CO2It carries out Raman spectrum and detects comparison diagram；
Fig. 5 is to C2H6It carries out Raman spectrum and detects comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification and technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail in specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, failure gas on-Line Monitor Device packet in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing of the invention
Include laser, laser beam expander, two to dichronic mirror, spatial filter, coupler, gearshift, and kagome band gap type photon is brilliant
Body optical fiber, spectrometer.The laser that the laser issues is arrived laser coupled by laser beam expander, the coupler
In kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber, the spatial filter both ends are separately connected lens A and high pass filter, described
Spatial filter is connect by collimation lens, pin hole and condenser lens composition, the CCD of the spectrometer with lens A, and lens A rises
To focussing force, it is convenient for spectrometer collection.Gearshift represents optical platform, and being mainly used for the adjusting of member distance, there are also saturating
The adjusting of mirror height, plays fixed function.
Laser is issued by the laser, is amplified through the laser beam expander, by described two to after dichronic mirror, by described
Laser coupled into kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber, is formed nano grade pore using femtosecond laser flank hole by coupler
The hollow-core photonic crystal fiber of hole modification, realize Oil-gas Separation in situ, Raman diffused light and laser signal back to described two to
Dichronic mirror, then by the spatial filter, finally acquired by the CCD of spectrometer.
The laser is the solid state laser of the single-frequency single mode transverse mode lasers of generation wavelength 532nm, the laser
Continuous power output is up to 400mW, frequency 3MHz, and low noise is less than 0.25%rms, and beam diameter is within the scope of 1-3mm.
The laser beam expander uses the BE-2-V beam expander of Sigma's ray machine production, can expand small-bore laser beam
For heavy caliber collimated light beam, it is 1-3 times that laser beam expander, which expands multiplying power, and it is 6.0mm that maximum, which expands diameter,.
To dichronic mirror into the coupler, described two, to dichronic mirror, mainly there are two effects by described two for light beam: one
Be will by the laser beam expander laser reflection to coupler, second is that will pass through kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber it
Rayleigh scattering filters out in light beam afterwards.
Spatial filter includes two panels achromatic lens and a pinhole device, and pinhole diameter range is 10-50 μm, two panels
The focal range of achromatic lens can be adjusted as needed in 10-25mm, and the signal-to-noise ratio of Raman spectrum, drop is further turned up
Low detectable limit.After spatial filter, beam diameter controls between 1-2mm optical signal.Two panels achromatic lens difference
For collimation lens and condenser lens.
Two to that will place filter between dichronic mirror and spatial filter, be in the nature high-pass filtering mirror, it is desirable that must select
Wavelength is higher than the filter mirror of 532nm.Its purpose can with Rayleigh scattering light that failure gas in eliminating transformer oil generates and it is anti-this
Croman is ask to scatter light, effective stoke Raman diffused light of keeping characteristics gas, final characteristic gas enters spectrometer
CCD is detected and is calculated.
The coupler uses the object lens of long reach, and the multiplying power of object lens is in 10-30, operating distance 10-50mm, focal length
5-25mm.Coupler used in the present embodiment is made of microcobjective, by laser coupled into optical fiber.
The kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber of completely new leaded light mechanism is by large satellite lattice group used by the application
At for central wavelength between 500-600nm, decaying need to be less than 2dB/m, and diameter is 6.6um ± 1um, can be transported with single mode.
By increasing by one layer of silicon ring in fiber core, plays the role of antiresonance waveguide, greatly reduce fiber coupling loss, thickness
Degree is between 0.2um-0.4um；Band gap is limited in visible light wave range in this way, and have on transformer Raman scattering wavelength compared with
Low loss, while this optical fiber allows the bending for occurring being greater than 90 degree, other optical fiber of loss ratio are low.The present embodiment
Kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber length is 1m, wherein a length of 550nm of cardiac wave, fibre diameter 6.6um, between airport
Away from for 32.5um, structure is as shown in Figure 2.Fig. 2 shows be kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber sectional view, at this time also not
Nanoscale drilling is carried out, arrow Z indicates radial.The black line of fiber optic hub blank space periphery, represents the silicon ring in fiber core.
The application is based on femtosecond laser processing technology, periodically receive in kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber side
Meter level drilling.Nanoscale hole hole is densely distributed and has periodically, in order to guarantee that in situ detection rate increases and loss will not be big
Amplitude increases, and bore mode is to pierce in optical fiber radially from eight Along ent angles, and hole extends to fibre core from optical fiber surface,
It keeps boring point to be maintained on a straight line in the axial direction, avoids misplacing as far as possible.In order to improve its wicking rate, in drilling region
Length must not be less than fiber lengths 1/5th, no more than the half of fiber lengths, spacing of wells 0.1-
1.5mm.On the one hand the efficiency for guaranteeing gas disengaging optical fiber, on the other hand reduces to the greatest extent to hollow photon crystal structural damage,
And reduce transmission loss.The present embodiment kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber surface hole defect diameter≤0.7nm, this diameter number
Value is greater than gas molecule diameter and is less than transformer oil molecular diameter.
By capillary effect, detection gas can enter kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber, and transformer oil can not
Into；Using capillary effect, the Oil-gas Separation in situ in transformer oil is realized, the method is easy to operate, and accuracy is high, is a kind of
The novel method not influenced by peripheral environment, sampling level.By enhancing Ramam effect using fiber resonance cavity, and then realizes and become
In situ detection in depressor oil.
The central wavelength of titanium-doped sapphire femtosecond laser used by the application is 700nm, pulse width 150fs, weight
Complex frequency is 1KHz, mean power 1.1w, is that 5mm diaphragm limits beam diameter by diameter, focuses using multiplying power 100X
Hot spot is focused on optical fiber surface and is drilled by lens, and defocusing amount is 40 μm.
The hollow-core photonic crystal fiber of the kagome structure of flank hole modification, the optical fiber are placed in transformer oil, therefore
Barrier characteristic gas enters coming into full contact with for fiber-optic fiber gas and laser by nanoscale hole hole, and Raman diffused light will be by space
Filter and lens A, enter in spectra collection device, realize the in-situ Raman spectral detection of characteristic gas in transformer oil.
The wave-length coverage of CCD monitoring need to meet the Raman scattering wavelength monitoring of failure gas in 200-1200nm, pixel 2000*256.
It is to be appreciated that being used to improve the collection efficiency of Raman diffused light using optical fiber and improving the interaction length of laser and gas
Enhance Raman scattering optical signal, the purpose of nano-drill is that the original place in transformer may be implemented for not having to Oil-gas Separation
Detection is not required to extract oil sample.
Pass through optical maser wavelength (532nm) in simulation study fibre core airport and each failure gas Raman scattering optical wavelength (H2、
CH4、C2H2、C2H4、C2H6、CO、CO2Respectively 549.2,629.8,594.4,572.9,631.2,600.5,574.4nm), it uses
Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber need at each Raman scattering wavelength can single mode transport.
7 kinds of transformer fault characteristic gas can be divided into three classes, i.e. H2, carbon oxygen class gas (CO, CO2) and hydrocarbon gas (CH4、
C2H2、C2H4、C2H6), we choose H2、CO2And C2H6Three kinds of representative gases carry out optical fiber enhancing Raman spectrum detection
With analysis.For the performance of detection fiber enhancing, we use control group, do not use optical fiber to H2、CO2And C2H6Carry out Raman
Spectral detection is directly beaten on sample with laser, and the Raman diffused light returned is received, and the testing conditions of experiment are identical.
(1)H2
Experiment condition: 25 DEG C of temperature；Laser power 60mW；CCD and spectrometer parameter setting: time of integration 5s, integral
Number 2,100 μm of slit width, No. 2 gratings.Under same experimental conditions, based on the H detected before optical fiber enhancing and after enhancing2Raman
Spectrum comparison is as shown in Figure 3.
1 raman characteristic peak contrast table of table
(2)CO2
Experiment condition: 25 DEG C of temperature；Laser power 60mW；CCD and spectrometer: time of integration 5s, integral number of times 2, slit
100 μm of width, No. 2 gratings.Under same experimental conditions, based on the CO detected before optical fiber enhancing and after enhancing2Raman spectrum pair
Than as shown in Figure 4.
2 raman characteristic peak contrast table of table
(3)C2H6
Experiment condition: 25 DEG C of temperature；Laser power 60mW；CCD and spectrometer: time of integration 5s, integral number of times 2, slit
100 μm of width, No. 2 gratings.Under same experimental conditions, based on the C detected before optical fiber enhancing and after enhancing2H6Raman spectrum pair
Than as shown in Figure 5.
3 raman characteristic peak contrast table of table
Pass through data, it has been found that three kinds of gases of selection realize 9 times or more of enhancing.
The application has the novel optical fiber of low waveguide loss characteristic by introducing, and is realized and is swashed using the characteristic of its optical fiber enhancing
The long-term optical interaction of light and Raman scattering gas molecule, greatly strengthens the Raman scattering of failure gas in transformer oil
Intensity, this device are not only not necessarily to Oil-gas Separation or extraction, can also realize that the Raman spectrum of lot of trace failure gas is accurately examined
It surveys, promotes the development of Raman spectrum gas detection sensing technology, improve the online prison of Power Transformer Faults characteristic gas
It surveys horizontal.
Applicant combines Figure of description to be described in detail and describe the embodiment of the present invention, but this field skill
Art personnel are it should be understood that above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the invention, and explanation is intended merely to help reader in detail
More fully understand spirit of that invention, and it is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, on the contrary, any based on invention essence of the invention
Any improvement or modification made by mind should all be fallen within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing, it is characterised in that: including laser,
Laser beam expander, two to dichronic mirror, spatial filter, coupler, the kagome band gap type photonic crystal of nanoscale hole hole modification
Optical fiber, spectrometer；
Laser is issued by the laser, is amplified through the laser beam expander, by described two to after dichronic mirror, by the coupling
In the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber that device modifies laser coupled to the nanoscale hole hole, the nanoscale hole hole is repaired
The kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber of decorations is placed in transformer oil, the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber conduction
Raman diffused light and laser signal back to described two to dichronic mirror, then by the spatial filter, finally by the light
The CCD of spectrometer is acquired.
2. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that, the central wavelength of the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber of nanoscale hole hole modification 500-600nm it
Between.
3. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber of the nanoscale hole hole modification increases by one layer of silicon in fiber core
Ring, between 0.2 μm -0.4 μm.
4. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that, the bore mode of the kagome band gap-photonic crystal fiber of nanoscale hole hole modification be optical fiber radially
It is pierced from eight Along ent angles, hole extends to fibre core from optical fiber surface, and boring point is kept to be maintained at one directly in the axial direction
On line, avoid misplacing as far as possible.
5. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that, the length in the region that drills must not be less than 1/5th of fiber lengths, no more than the half of fiber lengths, bore
Pitch of holes is 0.1-1.5mm.
6. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the laser is the solid state laser of the single-frequency single mode transverse mode lasers of generation wavelength 532nm.
7. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the laser continuous power output 400mW, frequency 3MHz, low noise is less than 0.25%rms, and beam diameter exists
Within the scope of 1-3mm.
8. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, small-bore laser beam is expanded as heavy caliber collimated light beam by the laser beam expander, and laser beam expander expands again
Rate is 1-3 times, and it is 6.0mm that maximum, which expands diameter,.
9. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the coupler uses the object lens of long reach, and the multiplying power of object lens is in 10-30, operating distance 10-50mm, coke
Away from 5-25mm.
10. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the coupler is made of microcobjective.
11. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, further includes high pass filter, be set to two between dichronic mirror and spatial filter, wavelength is greater than 532nm.
12. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the spatial filter includes two panels achromatic lens and a pinhole device, and the two panels achromatic lens are respectively
Collimation lens and condenser lens.
13. failure gas on-Line Monitor Device in a kind of transformer oil based on optical fiber enhancing according to claim 12,
It is characterized in that, the pinhole device diameter range is 10-50 μm, the focal range of the two panels achromatic lens is in 10-25mm.
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| CN114813578A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-29 | 华北电力大学 | System for detecting hydrocarbon gas dissolved in transformer oil without oil-gas separation |
| CN114858781A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-05 | 华北电力大学 | System for detecting dissolved gas in transformer oil based on Raman enhanced spectroscopy |
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| CN114062274A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-18 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Optical fiber photoacoustic sensing system and method for detecting dissolved gas in oil |
| CN114755188A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-15 | 华北电力大学 | All-fiber probe for dissolved gas in-situ detection without liquid-gas separation |
| CN114813578A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-29 | 华北电力大学 | System for detecting hydrocarbon gas dissolved in transformer oil without oil-gas separation |
| CN114858781A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-05 | 华北电力大学 | System for detecting dissolved gas in transformer oil based on Raman enhanced spectroscopy |
| CN114858781B (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-10-21 | 华北电力大学 | System for detecting dissolved gas in transformer oil based on Raman enhanced spectroscopy |
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