CN109781564B - Cohesive soil starting scouring test equipment - Google Patents
Cohesive soil starting scouring test equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109781564B CN109781564B CN201910136355.6A CN201910136355A CN109781564B CN 109781564 B CN109781564 B CN 109781564B CN 201910136355 A CN201910136355 A CN 201910136355A CN 109781564 B CN109781564 B CN 109781564B
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Abstract
The invention relates to cohesive soil starting scouring test equipment, which belongs to the technical field of measurement, and has the IPC classification number of G01N3/00. The device comprises a clay sample preparation device, a clay flushing device, a water tank connecting device and a shooting device, wherein the shooting device is arranged on the upper portion of the water tank, the water tank connecting device is arranged on the lower portion of the water tank, and the clay flushing device is connected with the water tank through the water tank connecting device. The test equipment provided by the invention can accelerate the preparation of clay samples with various water contents, well perform a starting scouring simulation test of clay, clearly shoot the scouring condition of the clay, perform accurate data measurement, and avoid the influence of the inlet air of a scouring water tank on the test precision, and has the advantages of high efficiency and convenience in operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to cohesive soil starting scouring test equipment, which belongs to the technical field of measurement, and has the IPC classification number of G01N3/00.
Background
Yellow river belongs to the sand-rich river, and the river bank often has a lot of daub layers, because the water sand changes in the river, the water sand source region is different, and thick and thin silt deposition process is different, leads to the stratum structure different, causes different soil structure to constitute different river banks, and different soil body structure river banks are different to the flusha resistance ability of river, lead to appearing the phenomenon such as abnormal river potential and river bank collapse, and abnormal river potential and river bank collapse etc. can cause the river potential unstability of yellow river low reaches again, cause a series of problems. The research on the impact resistance of river bank cohesive soil has great theoretical significance and practical value for yellow treatment practice.
Cohesive soil is a fine particulate soil with very fine particle size, interactions between particles and their complexity, and its physical properties are closely related to its water content. Soil with a plasticity index greater than 10 is generally referred to as clay; cohesive soils that deposit in still or slow running water environments, are formed by biochemical action, have a natural water content greater than the liquid limit and a natural void ratio greater than 1.5 are known as sludge.
In the clay-start washout test, it is necessary to prepare a clay sample in advance, which makes the preparation of the clay sample critical. The existing clay sample manufacturing method is that clay and water are stirred uniformly in a bucket and then naturally settled, the sedimentation and sedimentation process needs a long time, the test can be performed only when the sedimentation of the clay sample meets the requirement, the requirement of the test for taking the clay sample at the same time cannot be met, the test process is prolonged to a long time, and the research progress of researchers is hindered.
In the clay-activated washout test, it is necessary to observe the washout of the clay sample in the water tank and measure a series of test data, which makes the placement of the clay sample critical. In the prior test, water leakage often occurs due to poor connection between a device for placing a clay sample and a water tank, or the clay is scoured and not started, or the clay starting phenomenon cannot be observed in time, so that the test observation precision is inaccurate or the test cannot be carried out smoothly.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that a clay sample is long in preparation time, is not easy to place and affects the overall simulation precision and progress of the test in a clay starting scouring test, the invention provides clay starting scouring test equipment for meeting the precision and progress requirements of the clay starting scouring test. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the viscous soil starting scouring test equipment comprises a viscous soil sample preparation device, a viscous soil scouring device, a water tank connecting device and a shooting device, wherein the shooting device is arranged on the upper portion of the water tank, the water tank connecting device is arranged on the lower portion of the water tank, and the viscous soil scouring device is connected with the water tank through the water tank connecting device.
The clay sample preparation device consists of an organic transparent glass box and vacuumizing equipment, wherein the vacuumizing equipment consists of a vacuum barrel and a vacuum pump; the vacuum barrel is communicated with the organic transparent glass box through a transparent rubber tube I, and is communicated with the vacuum pump through a transparent rubber tube II; a pressure gauge is arranged on the vacuum barrel; an organic transparent glass plate is paved at the bottom of the organic transparent glass box, a layer of permeable geotextile is paved on the organic transparent permeable plate, the stirred adhesive soil slurry is arranged on the permeable geotextile, and a layer of plastic film is covered on the surface of the adhesive soil slurry;
the viscous soil flushing device comprises an upper tray, a lower tray, galvanized screws, an organic transparent glass flange, a viscous soil sample, steel balls, an organic transparent glass tube, a sealed steel tube, a screw rod and a handle.
The cylindrical clay sample is placed on the upper tray, the diameters of the upper tray and the lower tray are consistent with the diameter of the clay sample, and the steel balls are embedded at the bottom of the upper tray 1 and connect the upper tray with the lower tray through the steel balls. The organic transparent glass flange comprises an upper flange and a lower flange, and the organic transparent glass tube is arranged between the upper flange and the lower flange.
The upper end of the sealing steel pipe is provided with a stainless steel flange, and the stainless steel flange and the lower flange of the organic transparent glass flange are connected and fixed through galvanized screws. And through holes matched with the outer diameter of the screw rod are formed in the bottom end of the sealing steel pipe and the middle of the stainless steel flange. The handle sets up the lower extreme of lead screw, the lead screw is from supreme passing in proper order the through-hole of sealed steel pipe bottom, stainless steel flange's through-hole with organic transparent glass tube, the lead screw upper end with lower tray fixed connection. And an internal thread nut is arranged at the through hole at the bottom end of the sealed steel pipe. The upper part and the lower part of the through hole of the stainless steel flange are respectively provided with a circular groove, and a framework oil seal is respectively arranged in the two circular grooves.
The water tank connecting device comprises a water tank bottom organic transparent glass tube and a water tank connecting flange positioned at the bottom end of the water tank bottom organic transparent glass tube, and an opening matched with the water tank bottom organic transparent glass tube is arranged at the bottom of the water tank. The organic transparent glass tube at the bottom of the water tank is fixedly connected with the opening part of the water tank and the water tank connecting flange respectively. The water tank connecting flange is fixedly connected with the upper flange of the organic transparent glass flange through galvanized bolts, and a rubber pad is arranged between the water tank connecting flange and the upper flange of the organic transparent glass flange.
The shooting device comprises an illumination light source and a camera, wherein the illumination light source is arranged on the inner side wall of the water tank, and the camera is fixed on a bracket of the water tank through parallel angle steel.
Further, the upper tray, the lower tray, the sealing steel pipe and the handle are all made of stainless steel.
The present invention has the following remarkable effects and advantages.
1. The steel balls with transmission function are arranged between the lower tray and the lower tray, when the screw rod rotates to jack the viscous soil sample, the lower tray rotates, the upper tray cannot rotate, the viscous soil sample placed on the upper tray cannot rotate along with the rotation of the screw rod in the lifting process, the position of the viscous soil sample on the water facing surface is kept unchanged all the time, and the practical situation is met.
2. The stainless steel flange at the upper part of the sealing steel pipe is internally provided with the upper framework oil seal and the lower framework oil seal, so that the sealing performance is greatly improved, and the influence of the air inlet of the flushing water tank on the test precision is avoided.
3. The organic transparent glass flange is in an upper flange and lower flange form, an organic transparent glass tube is arranged between the upper flange and the lower flange as a transitional connection structure, the upper flange is connected with the water tank connecting device, and the organic transparent glass tube is detached in the test process or when the viscous soil sample is replaced, so that the operation is convenient; the lower flange and the stainless steel flange are fixedly connected with the sealed steel pipe, and the lower flange and the stainless steel flange are not dismounted any more in the test process or when the viscous soil sample is replaced, so that the tightness of the whole test device is further ensured.
4. The invention adopts the transparent organic glass box and the organic glass tube, and can better observe the preparation and scouring conditions of the internal viscous soil sample.
5. The vacuum barrel is combined with the vacuum pump, so that the time and the degree of the deposition and consolidation of the clay samples can be manually controlled according to test requirements, and the clay samples with different water contents can be obtained.
6. The invention organically combines the components, can well perform the starting scouring test of the clay, clearly shoots the scouring condition of the clay, performs accurate data measurement, avoids the influence of the inlet of the scouring water tank on the test precision, and is convenient to operate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view showing the construction of the clay washing device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the clay washing device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the water tank and the imaging device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an elevation view of the overall structure of the hydraulic model of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the construction of a clay sample preparing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a top view of an organic transparent glass sheet used in the present invention.
Wherein 1 is an upper tray, 2 is a lower tray, 3 is a galvanized screw, 4 is an organic transparent glass flange, 5 is a clay sample, 6 is a steel ball, 7 is an organic transparent glass tube, 8 is a sealing steel tube, 9 is a screw rod, 10 is a handle, 11 is a water tank connecting flange, 12 is an illumination light source, 13 is a camera, 14 is a water tank, 15 is an organic transparent glass plate, 16 is parallel angle steel, 17 is a water tank bottom organic transparent glass tube, 18 is a rubber pad, 19 is a framework oil seal, 20 is an inner wire nut, 21 is a stainless steel flange, 31 is an organic transparent glass plate, 32 is water permeable geotechnical cloth, 33 is clay slurry, 34 is a transparent plastic film, 35 is a stainless steel vacuum barrel, 36 is a pressure gauge, 37 is a vacuum pump, 38 is an opening, 39 is a transparent rubber tube I, and 40 is a transparent rubber tube II.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The viscous soil starting flushing test equipment comprises a viscous soil sample preparation device, a viscous soil flushing device, a water tank 14, a water tank connecting device and a shooting device, wherein the shooting device is arranged on the upper portion of the water tank 14, the water tank connecting device is arranged on the lower portion of the water tank 14, and the viscous soil flushing device is connected with the water tank 14 through the water tank connecting device.
As shown in fig. 5-6, the clay sample preparation device is composed of an organic transparent glass box and a vacuum pumping device, wherein an opening 38 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the organic transparent glass box, the vacuum pumping device is composed of a vacuum barrel 35 and a vacuum pump 37, one end of a transparent rubber tube I39 is communicated with the vacuum barrel 35, the other end of the transparent rubber tube I is communicated with the organic transparent glass box through the opening 38, and the vacuum barrel 35 is communicated with the vacuum pump 37 through a transparent rubber tube II 40; the vacuum barrel 35 is provided with a pressure gauge 36.
The length, width and height dimensions of the inside of the organic transparent glass box are 40cm multiplied by 20cm, the thickness of the inside of the organic transparent glass box is 1cm, a layer of organic transparent glass plate 31 is paved at the bottom of the organic transparent glass box, the dimension of the organic transparent glass plate 31 is 40cm multiplied by 20cm, the thickness of the organic transparent glass plate is 1cm, small holes with the aperture of 5mm are uniformly distributed on the organic transparent glass plate 31, and the hole center distance of every two adjacent small holes is 2cm. A layer of permeable geotextile 32 is paved on the organic transparent permeable plate 31, the stirred cohesive soil slurry 33 is arranged on the permeable geotextile 32, and a layer of plastic film 34 is covered on the surface of the cohesive soil slurry 33 to form a vacuum state, so that the deposition is accelerated. The vacuum pump 37 is started to pump water in vacuum, the time and the degree of the deposition and consolidation of the clay can be controlled by the pressure gauge 36, the clay samples 5 with different water contents are obtained, and preparation is made for the clay starting scouring test.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the clay washing device is used for placing clay samples 5 and adjusting the height of the clay samples 5, and comprises an upper tray 1, a lower tray 2, galvanized screws 3, an organic transparent glass flange 4, the clay samples 5, steel balls 6, an organic transparent glass tube 7, a sealing steel tube 8, a screw rod 9 and a handle 10, wherein the upper tray 1, the lower tray 2, the sealing steel tube 8 and the handle 10 are all made of stainless steel.
The cylindrical clay sample 5 is placed on the upper tray 1, the thickness of the upper tray 1 and the thickness of the lower tray 2 are 1cm, the diameters of the upper tray 1 and the lower tray are consistent with the diameter of the clay sample 5, the steel balls 6 are embedded at the bottom of the upper tray 1, and the upper tray 1 and the lower tray 2 are connected through the steel balls 6. The organic transparent glass flange 4 comprises an upper flange and a lower flange, the organic transparent glass tube 7 is arranged between the upper flange and the lower flange, and the thickness of the organic transparent glass tube 7 is 1cm, the height of the organic transparent glass tube is 5cm, and the inner diameter of the organic transparent glass tube is 8cm. An organic transparent glass tube 7 is arranged between the upper flange and the lower flange as a transitional connection structure, is connected with a water tank connecting device by utilizing the upper flange, and is detached in the test process or when the clay soil sample 5 is replaced, so that the operation is convenient.
The upper end of the sealing steel pipe 8 is provided with a stainless steel flange 21, and through holes matched with the outer diameter of the screw rod 9 are respectively formed in the bottom end of the sealing steel pipe 8 and the middle of the stainless steel flange 21 and used for the screw rod 9 to pass through. The stainless steel flange 21 and the lower flange of the organic transparent glass flange 4 are fixedly connected through galvanized screws 3, and are not detached any more in the test process and when the clay sample 5 is replaced. The handle 10 is arranged at the lower end of the screw rod 9, the screw rod 9 sequentially penetrates through the through hole at the bottom end of the sealing steel pipe 8, the through hole of the stainless steel flange 21 and the organic transparent glass pipe 7 from bottom to top, and the upper end of the screw rod 9 is fixedly connected with the lower tray 2. An internal thread nut 20 is arranged at the through hole at the bottom end of the sealed steel pipe 8. The upper part and the lower part of the through hole of the stainless steel flange 21 are respectively provided with a circular groove, two framework oil seals 19 are respectively arranged in the two circular grooves, and the framework oil seals 19 can effectively prevent water in a water tank from entering the sealed steel pipe 8 in the test process.
The purpose of setting up sealed steel pipe 8 firstly guarantees the leakproofness of device, prevents that the air from getting into in the basin and causing the influence to the test result, and two upper and lower through-holes on sealed steel pipe 8 can guarantee that lead screw 9 does not take place the skew when operating from top to bottom, and thirdly is when fixing the cohesive soil flushing device on strutting arrangement, provides stable fixed point.
The rotating stainless steel handle 10 carries the screw rod 9 to rotate upwards, the lower tray 2 rotates upwards along with the screw rod 9, and the upper tray 1 and the clay soil sample 5 on the upper tray move upwards simultaneously due to the transmission effect of the steel balls 6, but the clay soil sample 5 cannot rotate, and a good static soil sample state can be maintained.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the water tank connecting device comprises a water tank bottom organic transparent glass tube 17 and a water tank connecting flange 11 positioned at the bottom end of the water tank bottom organic transparent glass tube 17, and an opening matched with the water tank bottom organic transparent glass tube 17 is arranged at the bottom of the water tank 14. The organic transparent glass tube 17 at the bottom of the water tank is fixedly connected with the opening part of the water tank 14 and the water tank connecting flange 11, and the mode of the fixed connection is preferably that the whole body is bonded together. When the viscous soil is subjected to a scouring simulation test, the organic transparent glass tube 17 at the bottom of the water tank is sleeved outside the viscous soil sample 5, the water tank connecting flange 11 and the upper flange of the organic transparent glass flange 4 are fixedly connected together through the galvanized bolts 3, and a rubber pad is arranged between the water tank connecting flange 11 and the upper flange of the organic transparent glass flange 4. When the cohesive soil flushing device is required to be separated from the water tank 14, the galvanized bolts 3 fixed between the water tank connecting flange 11 and the upper flange are removed, so that the disassembly and the assembly are very convenient; furthermore, the fixed connection of the lower flange of the organic transparent glass flange 4 and the stainless steel flange 21 is not detached any more, so as to avoid breaking the seal between the sealing steel pipe 8 and the screw rod 9.
The shooting device comprises an illumination light source 12 and a camera 13, wherein the illumination light source 12 is arranged on the inner side wall of the water tank 14, and the illumination light source 12 can adopt light sources such as LEDs, lamp tubes and the like, so that a shooting area is clearer. The camera 13 is placed above the water tank 14 which is right against the clay sample 5, a hole is dug on the organic transparent glass plate 15, the size of the hole just can put the lens of the camera 13 in, the organic transparent glass plate 15 is fixed by the parallel angle steel 16, the distance from the top 10cm of the water tank 14 can move up and down according to the shooting range of the camera 13, the moving range is within 10cm, and the other end of the parallel angle steel 16 is fixed on the bracket of the water tank 14 and is not influenced by vibration when the water tank 14 is put into water.
When the viscous soil starting scouring simulation test is carried out, the viscous soil scouring device shown in fig. 1 and 2 is utilized, the handle 10 is twisted to enable the upper tray 1 to descend to the height capable of placing the viscous soil sample 5, and the prepared viscous soil sample 5 is taken out by a cutting ring and placed on the upper tray 1; the water tank connecting flange 11 and the upper flange of the organic transparent glass flange 4 are fixedly connected together through a galvanized bolt 3, and the galvanized bolt 3 is screwed by a spanner to ensure good air tightness; twisting the handle 10 to enable the clay sample 5 to rise to be flush with the bottom of the water tank 14 to start water discharge for test; waiting for the water flow to stabilize, starting timing and opening the erected camera 13 for shooting. By adopting the technical scheme provided by the specific embodiment, the starting scouring simulation test of the cohesive soil can be well carried out, each part is watertight in the test process, and the whole process of the scouring starting of the cohesive soil is clearly observed.
Claims (3)
1. The cohesive soil starting flushing test equipment is characterized by comprising a cohesive soil sample preparation device, a cohesive soil flushing device, a water tank (14), a water tank connecting device and a shooting device, wherein the shooting device is arranged at the upper part of the water tank (14), the water tank connecting device is arranged at the lower part of the water tank (14), and the cohesive soil flushing device is connected with the water tank (14) through the water tank connecting device;
the clay sample preparation device consists of an organic transparent glass box and vacuumizing equipment, wherein the vacuumizing equipment consists of a vacuum barrel (35) and a vacuum pump (37); the vacuum barrel (35) is communicated with the organic transparent glass box through a first transparent rubber tube (39), and the vacuum barrel (35) is communicated with the vacuum pump (37) through a second transparent rubber tube (40); a pressure gauge (36) is arranged on the vacuum barrel (35); an organic transparent glass plate (31) is paved at the bottom of the organic transparent glass box, a layer of permeable geotextile (32) is paved on the organic transparent glass plate (31), stirred viscous soil slurry (33) is arranged on the permeable geotextile (32), and a layer of plastic film (34) is covered on the surface of the viscous soil slurry (33);
the viscous soil flushing device comprises an upper tray (1), a lower tray (2), galvanized screws (3), an organic transparent glass flange (4), a viscous soil sample (5), steel balls (6), an organic transparent glass tube (7), a sealing steel tube (8), a screw rod (9) and a handle (10);
the cylindrical clay sample (5) is placed on the upper tray (1), the diameters of the upper tray (1) and the lower tray (2) are consistent with the diameter of the clay sample (5), the steel balls (6) are embedded at the bottom of the upper tray (1), and the upper tray (1) is connected with the lower tray (2) through the steel balls (6); the organic transparent glass flange (4) comprises an upper flange and a lower flange, and the organic transparent glass tube (7) is arranged between the upper flange and the lower flange;
the upper end of the sealing steel pipe (8) is provided with a stainless steel flange (21), and the stainless steel flange (21) and the lower flange of the organic transparent glass flange (4) are fixedly connected through galvanized screws (3); through holes matched with the outer diameter of the screw rod (9) are formed in the bottom end of the sealing steel pipe (8) and the middle of the stainless steel flange (21); the handle (10) is arranged at the lower end of the screw rod (9), the screw rod (9) sequentially penetrates through the through hole at the bottom end of the sealing steel pipe (8), the through hole of the stainless steel flange (21) and the organic transparent glass pipe (7) from bottom to top, and the upper end of the screw rod (9) is fixedly connected with the lower tray (2); an internal thread nut (20) is arranged at the through hole at the bottom end of the sealed steel pipe (8); the upper part and the lower part of the through hole of the stainless steel flange (21) are respectively provided with a circular groove, and two framework oil seals (19) are respectively arranged in the two circular grooves;
the water tank connecting device comprises a water tank bottom organic transparent glass tube (17) and a water tank connecting flange (11) positioned at the bottom end of the water tank bottom organic transparent glass tube (17), and an opening matched with the water tank bottom organic transparent glass tube (17) is arranged at the bottom of the water tank (14); the organic transparent glass tube (17) at the bottom of the water tank is fixedly connected with the opening part of the water tank (14) and the water tank connecting flange (11) respectively; the water tank connecting flange (11) is fixedly connected with the upper flange of the organic transparent glass flange (4) through a galvanized bolt 3, and a rubber pad (18) is arranged between the water tank connecting flange (11) and the upper flange of the organic transparent glass flange (4);
the shooting device comprises an illumination light source (12) and a camera (13), wherein the illumination light source (12) is arranged on the inner side wall of the water tank (14), and the camera (13) is fixed on a bracket of the water tank (14) through parallel angle steel (16).
2. The clay-activated flushing test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper tray (1), the lower tray (2), the sealing steel pipe (8) and the handle (10) are all made of stainless steel.
3. The clay-activated flushing test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the camera device comprises an illumination light source (12) and a camera (13), the illumination light source (12) is arranged on the inner side wall of the water tank (14), and the camera (13) is fixed on the bracket of the water tank (14) through parallel angle steel (16).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910136355.6A CN109781564B (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Cohesive soil starting scouring test equipment |
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| CN201910136355.6A CN109781564B (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Cohesive soil starting scouring test equipment |
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| CN109781564A CN109781564A (en) | 2019-05-21 |
| CN109781564B true CN109781564B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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| WO2004022898A1 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-03-18 | Boe Technology Group Co.,Ltd | Evacuated glass panel and method of fixing support means, disposed therein |
| CN204405502U (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-06-17 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | A kind of native stone joint portion contact scour test unit |
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| EP3067685A1 (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2016-09-14 | Technische Universität Kaiserslautern | Device for taking images of a measuring volume in a container |
| WO2018103202A1 (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-06-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Device and method for measuring hydraulic characteristics of cracked soil under uneven subsidence |
| CN108982271A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-11 | 河海大学 | A kind of experimental rig and test method for simulating soil body contact scour development process |
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2019
- 2019-02-25 CN CN201910136355.6A patent/CN109781564B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004022898A1 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-03-18 | Boe Technology Group Co.,Ltd | Evacuated glass panel and method of fixing support means, disposed therein |
| EP3067685A1 (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2016-09-14 | Technische Universität Kaiserslautern | Device for taking images of a measuring volume in a container |
| CN204405502U (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-06-17 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | A kind of native stone joint portion contact scour test unit |
| CN104790338A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-22 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Contact scour hydraulic model |
| WO2018103202A1 (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-06-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Device and method for measuring hydraulic characteristics of cracked soil under uneven subsidence |
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