CN109781385B - Device and method for researching water flow characteristics of countercurrent packing forming piece - Google Patents
Device and method for researching water flow characteristics of countercurrent packing forming piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN109781385B CN109781385B CN201910183795.7A CN201910183795A CN109781385B CN 109781385 B CN109781385 B CN 109781385B CN 201910183795 A CN201910183795 A CN 201910183795A CN 109781385 B CN109781385 B CN 109781385B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
- Instructional Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for researching water flow characteristics of a countercurrent packing molding piece, wherein the upper end surface of an experiment cavity is connected and communicated with a pressure equalizing cavity, the lower end surface of the experiment cavity is open, and two sealing plates are used for sealing the two side surfaces; the water distribution tank is arranged on the back of the bottom plate, a horizontal overflow slotted hole is arranged below the upper edge of the bottom plate, the water distribution tank is communicated with the experiment cavity through the horizontal overflow slotted hole, a water distribution pipe penetrates through the water distribution tank, a water inlet of the water pump is communicated with the water collection tank, and a water outlet of the water pump is communicated to the water distribution pipe in the water distribution tank through a water pipeline after passing through the regulating valve and the water flowmeter; the upper part of the panel is provided with a plurality of tracer injection holes; the lower neck part of the pressure equalizing cavity is provided with a plurality of closable wind speed measuring ports. And under the conditions of different water flow and wind speed, the single countercurrent packing molding sheet is subjected to the pre-judging of the heat exchange performance of the packing molding sheet by shooting the diffusion angle of the tracer on the single side surface of the countercurrent packing molding sheet and recording the time required for the tracer to flow a certain distance from the injection hole of the observation surface of the experimental cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for researching water flow characteristics of a cooling tower, in particular to a device and a method for researching water flow characteristics of a countercurrent packing forming sheet.
Background
A cooling tower is a device that cools circulating water to discharge waste heat of a process system using evaporation and heat transfer of water and air. The diaphragm packing is a core component of the cooling tower and functions to distribute hot water into a flowing water film on its surface to increase the contact area and contact time of water and air, i.e., increase the heat exchange strength of water and air.
The packing is divided into countercurrent packing and transverse flow packing according to the difference of the flow directions of water and air on the packing. The single countercurrent packing is called a formed sheet, under certain water flow and air flow conditions, the better the diffusivity of water flowing on the formed sheet is, the longer the residence time is, the more the water is in full contact with air, so that the diffusion angle of water flow and the residence time in unit height are two indexes of the water flow characteristics of the formed sheet of countercurrent packing, the heat dissipation capacity of the formed sheet can be represented, and the size of the heat dissipation capacity is related to the waveform, the surface hydrophilicity and the like of the formed sheet.
For the countercurrent packing molding piece, the water flow direction is from top to bottom, and the air flow direction is from bottom to top, so that the vertical direction is defined as the height direction of the packing, the horizontal direction along the surface of the molding piece is the width direction of the packing, the horizontal direction vertical to the surface of the molding piece is the wave height direction of the packing, the height of a single countercurrent packing molding piece is generally 0.5-2 m, the width is 1-1.5 m, and the wave height is 16-40 mm.
In order to study the water flow characteristics of the countercurrent packing molding piece, an experimental device and an experimental method for studying the water flow diffusion angle and the residence time of the liquid film on the countercurrent packing molding piece are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for researching water flow characteristics of a countercurrent packing forming sheet, wherein a single countercurrent packing forming sheet is under different water flow and wind speed conditions, and the heat exchange performance of the packing forming sheet is judged in advance by shooting the diffusion angle of a tracer on the single side surface of the countercurrent packing forming sheet and recording the time required by the tracer to flow a certain distance from an injection hole of an observation surface of an experiment cavity.
The device for researching the water flow characteristics of the countercurrent packing forming piece comprises a fan, a pressure equalizing cavity, an experiment cavity, a water collecting tank, a water distribution tank, a water pump, a water flow regulating valve, a water flow meter, a water pipeline and an experiment table support, wherein the experiment cavity is formed by a bottom plate and a transparent organic glass panel and is in a narrow and long shape, the upper end face of the experiment cavity is connected and communicated with the pressure equalizing cavity, the lower end face of the experiment cavity is open, the experiment cavity is positioned on the experiment table support through two water retaining edges, and two sealing plates are used for sealing the two side faces; a water collecting tank is arranged below the two water retaining edges, and a space is reserved between the lower edges of the two water retaining edges and the upper edges of the water collecting tank to form four-side air inlets; the water distribution groove is arranged on the back surface of the bottom plate of the experiment cavity, a horizontal overflow slotted hole is arranged below the upper edge of the bottom plate, the water distribution groove is communicated with the experiment cavity through the horizontal overflow slotted hole, a water distribution pipe with uniformly distributed small holes is further penetrated in the water distribution groove, small holes are uniformly distributed on the water distribution pipe, a water inlet of the water pump is connected and communicated with the water collection groove, and a water outlet of the water pump is connected and communicated onto the water distribution pipe in the water distribution groove from the side surface of the water distribution groove through a water pipeline after passing through the regulating valve and the water flowmeter; a plurality of tracer injection holes are horizontally arranged at the upper part of the panel; the lower neck part of the pressure equalizing cavity is provided with a plurality of closable wind speed measuring ports.
Further, the distance between the lower edges of the two water retaining edges and the upper edge of the water collecting tank is 20-30 cm.
Further, a tested countercurrent packing forming piece is fixed on the bottom plate of the experimental cavity, the upper edge of the countercurrent packing forming piece is 40-50 cm lower than the upper edge of the bottom plate, is centered relative to the experimental cavity and is not contacted with the organic glass panel.
Further, the size of the experimental cavity is 1.2-1.5 times of the maximum size of the countercurrent packing molding piece; the distance between the bottom plate and the panel is adjustable according to the wave height of the forming sheet, and the distance between the bottom plate and the panel is 3-5 mm greater than the wave height of the measured countercurrent packing forming sheet.
Further, the water distribution groove is of a closed cavity structure, and an end cover capable of being opened is arranged on the upper end face of the water distribution groove so as to replace and adjust gauze and close a horizontal overflow slotted hole which is not in the width range of the tested filler forming piece.
Further, the horizontal overflow slotted hole is arranged at the position 15-20 cm below the upper edge of the bottom plate, the height of the horizontal overflow slotted hole is 4-5 mm, and the horizontal overflow slotted hole is equal to the width of the inside of the water distribution groove.
Further, gauze is wrapped on the water distribution pipe, the free end of the gauze penetrates through the horizontal overflow slotted hole and extends to the upper end of the tested counter-current filler forming piece testing surface, the gauze is equal in width to the tested counter-current filler forming piece, and water flow can be uniformly distributed on the side surface of the tested filler forming piece.
Further, small holes with the diameter of 2-3 mm are uniformly distributed on the water distribution pipe, and the center distance of the small holes is 2-3 cm.
Further, at least three tracer injection holes are horizontally arranged at the upper part of the panel, the horizontal position of the tracer injection holes is 5cm below the upper edge of the tested countercurrent filler forming sheet, and the diameter of the tracer injection holes is 1-2 mm.
An experimental method adopting a device for researching water flow characteristics of a countercurrent packing molding sheet comprises the following steps: firstly, fixing a tested countercurrent packing forming piece on a bottom plate of an experiment cavity, adjusting a water flow regulating valve, reading an indication of a water flow meter, and controlling the water flow corresponding to the unilateral surface of the countercurrent packing forming piece to be under the water spraying density of the experiment working condition according to the formula (1):
Wherein Q represents the flow rate of water, m 3/h; a represents the width of the countercurrent packing molding piece, m; b represents wave height of the countercurrent packing molding piece, m; rho represents the water spraying density of the cooling tower, (m 3/h/)m2), then, the motor frequency of the fan is regulated, the wind speed is measured at a plurality of points at equal intervals by a wind speed measuring port on a pressure equalizing cavity by an anemometer, the average value of the measured values is calculated to reach the average wind speed set by working conditions, a fixed amount of tracer is sucked by an injector, the density of the tracer is required to be basically consistent with the density of clear water, the tracer is insoluble in water in a short period, the tracer is injected to the surface of a counter-current filler forming sheet in a direction perpendicular to a bottom plate through a tracer injection hole, the diffusion process of the tracer and the corresponding moment are shot and recorded, and finally, the diffusion angle of water flow and the residence time in unit height can be measured by image processing.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The invention selects the diffusion angle and the water film residence time flowing from the surface of the countercurrent packing molding sheet to prejudge the heat dissipation performance of the packing, has low experimental cost, simple and convenient operation, is fast and effective, can be used for comparison of initial development of the countercurrent packing, and can greatly shorten the development time and save the development cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus for studying the water flow characteristics of a countercurrent packing molding sheet according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the device for researching the water flow characteristics of the countercurrent packing forming piece mainly comprises a fan 8 (with a speed regulator), a pressure equalizing cavity 7, an experiment cavity 5, a water collecting tank 19, a water distribution tank 6, a water pump 1, a water flow regulating valve 2, a water flow meter 3, a water pipeline 4 and an experiment table bracket 17. Wind speed is measured with an anemometer.
The experiment cavity 5 is formed by a bottom plate 15 and a transparent organic glass panel 14 into a narrow and long space, the upper end surface of the experiment cavity is connected and communicated with the pressure equalizing cavity 7, the lower end surface of the experiment cavity is opened, the experiment cavity is positioned on an experiment table bracket 17 by two water retaining edges 16, and two side surfaces of the experiment cavity are closed by two sealing plates 11. The space of 20-30 cm is formed between the lower edge of the two water retaining edges 16 and the upper edge of the water collecting tank 19, so that four-side air inlets are formed.
The size of the experimental cavity 5 is 1.2 to 1.5 times of the largest dimension of the countercurrent packing molding piece 20. The spacing between the bottom plate 15 and the panel 14 is adjustable according to the wave height of the forming sheet 20 (by adjusting the waist-shaped holes on the connecting flange), and the spacing between the bottom plate 15 and the panel 14 is required to be 3-5 mm larger than the wave height of the tested countercurrent packing forming sheet 20.
The tested countercurrent packing shaping sheet 20 is fixed on the bottom plate 15 of the experiment cavity 5, the upper edge of the countercurrent packing shaping sheet 20 is 40-50 cm lower than the upper edge of the bottom plate 15, is centered relative to the experiment cavity 5, and is not contacted with the organic glass panel 14.
The water distribution tank 6 is designed into a closed cavity structure, is arranged on the back surface of the experiment cavity bottom plate 15, and is provided with a horizontal overflow slotted hole 10 with the height of 4-5 mm and the same width as the inside of the water distribution tank 6 at the position 15-20 cm below the upper edge of the experiment cavity bottom plate 15, and the water distribution tank 6 is communicated with the experiment cavity 5 through the horizontal overflow slotted hole 10. The water distribution groove 6 is internally penetrated with a water distribution pipe (not shown in the figure) with uniformly distributed small holes, the water distribution pipe is wrapped with gauze 12, the free end of the gauze 12 passes through the horizontal overflow slotted hole 10 and extends to the upper end of the test surface of the tested counter-current filler forming piece 20, and the gauze 12 is as wide as the tested counter-current filler forming piece 20, so that water flow can be uniformly distributed on the side surface of the tested filler forming piece 9.
Small holes with the diameter of 2-3 mm are uniformly distributed on the water distribution pipe, and the center distance of the holes is 2-3 cm. The upper end surface of the water distribution tank 6 can be opened so as to replace and adjust the gauze 12 and close the horizontal overflow slotted hole 10 which is not in the width range of the tested filler forming sheet 20.
The water inlet of the water pump 1 is connected and communicated with the water collecting tank 19, and the water outlet of the water pump 1 is connected and communicated with a water distribution pipe in the water distribution tank 6 from the side surface of the water distribution tank 6 after passing through the regulating valve 2 and the water flow meter 3.
At the upper portion of the transparent organic glass panel 14, there are horizontally arranged at least 3 tracer injection holes 13, the horizontal position of which is about 5cm below the upper edge of the molding sheet 20, and the diameter of which is 1-2 mm.
5-8 Closable wind speed measuring ports 9 are arranged at the lower neck part of the pressure equalizing cavity 7.
The experimental method of the invention is as follows:
The water flow regulating valve is regulated, the reading of the water flow meter is read, and the water flow corresponding to the single-side surface of the counter-current filler forming sheet is controlled under the water spraying density of the experimental working condition according to the formula (1):
Wherein Q represents the flow rate of water, m 3/h; a represents the width of the counter-current filler forming sheet, m; b represents wave height of the filler and filler forming sheet, m; ρ represents the spray density of the cooling tower, (m 3/h/)m2).
And (3) regulating the motor frequency of the fan, measuring the wind speed at equal intervals by using a wind speed measuring port of the anemometer on the pressure equalizing cavity, and calculating the average value of the measured values to enable the average value to reach the average wind speed set by the working condition.
The quantitative tracer is aspirated with a syringe, requiring that the tracer density and the clear water density be substantially consistent and that it be water insoluble for a short period of time. And injecting the tracer into the surface of the countercurrent packing molding piece through the direction of the tracer injection hole perpendicular to the bottom plate, and shooting and recording the diffusion process and the corresponding time of the tracer.
Finally, the diffusion angle of the water flow and the residence time in the unit height can be measured through image processing.
Claims (8)
1. The experimental method for researching the water flow characteristics of the countercurrent packing forming piece is characterized by adopting a device for researching the water flow characteristics of the countercurrent packing forming piece, wherein the device consists of a fan (8), a pressure equalizing cavity (7), an experimental cavity (5), a water collecting tank (19), a water distribution tank (6), a water pump (1), a water flow regulating valve (2), a water flow meter (3), a water pipeline (4) and an experimental bench support (17), and is characterized in that: the experimental cavity (5) is formed by a bottom plate (15) and a panel (14) of transparent organic glass, is in a narrow and long shape, the upper end face of the experimental cavity (5) is connected and communicated with the pressure equalizing cavity (7), the lower end face of the experimental cavity is open, and the experimental cavity is positioned on the experiment table bracket (17) through two water retaining edges (16), and two side faces of the experimental cavity are sealed by two sealing plates (11); a water collecting tank (19) is arranged below the two water retaining edges (16), and a space is reserved between the lower edges of the two water retaining edges (16) and the upper edges of the water collecting tank (19) to form four-side air inlets; the water distribution groove (6) is arranged on the back of a bottom plate (15) of the experiment cavity (5), a horizontal overflow slotted hole (10) is arranged below the upper edge of the bottom plate (15), the water distribution groove (6) is communicated with the experiment cavity (5) through the horizontal overflow slotted hole (10), a water distribution pipe with uniformly distributed small holes is further penetrated in the water distribution groove (6), small holes are uniformly distributed on the water distribution pipe, a water inlet of the water pump (1) is connected and communicated with the water collecting groove (19), and a water outlet of the water pump (1) is connected and communicated onto the water distribution pipe in the water distribution groove (6) from the side surface of the water distribution groove (6) through a water pipeline (4) after passing through the water flow regulating valve (2) and the water flow meter (3); a plurality of tracer injection holes (13) are horizontally arranged at the upper part of the panel (14); the lower neck part of the pressure equalizing cavity (7) is provided with a plurality of closable wind speed measuring ports (9); the gauze (12) is wrapped on the water distribution pipe, the free end of the gauze (12) passes through the horizontal overflow slotted hole (10) and extends to the upper end of the test surface of the tested countercurrent packing forming piece (20), and the width of the gauze (12) is equal to that of the tested countercurrent packing forming piece (20), so that water flow can be uniformly distributed on the side surface of the tested countercurrent packing forming piece (20); the method comprises the following steps: firstly, fixing a tested countercurrent packing forming piece on a bottom plate of an experiment cavity, adjusting a water flow regulating valve, reading an indication of a water flow meter, and controlling the water flow corresponding to the unilateral surface of the countercurrent packing forming piece under the water spraying density of the experiment working condition according to the formula (1):
Wherein Q represents the flow rate of water; a represents the width of the countercurrent packing molding piece; b represents the wave height of the countercurrent packing molding piece; ρ represents the spray density of the cooling tower; then, the motor frequency of the fan is regulated, the wind speed is measured at a plurality of points and equal intervals by using a wind speed measuring port on the pressure equalizing cavity, and the average value of the measured values is calculated to reach the average wind speed set by the working condition; sucking a fixed amount of tracer by using an injector, wherein the density of the tracer is required to be basically consistent with that of clear water, the tracer is insoluble in water for a short time, the tracer is injected to the surface of a countercurrent packing molding sheet through a direction perpendicular to a bottom plate of a tracer injection hole, and the diffusion process and the corresponding moment of the tracer are photographed and recorded; finally, the diffusion angle of the water flow and the residence time in the unit height can be measured through image processing.
2. The experimental method for studying water flow characteristics of a counter-current filler molded chip of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the lower edge of the two water retaining edges (16) and the upper edge of the water collecting tank (19) is 20-30 cm.
3. The experimental method for studying water flow characteristics of a counter-current filler molded chip of claim 1, wherein: the tested countercurrent packing forming piece (20) is fixed on the bottom plate (15) of the experimental cavity (5), the upper edge of the countercurrent packing forming piece (20) is 40-50 cm lower than the upper edge of the bottom plate (15), is centered relative to the experimental cavity (5) and is not contacted with the organic glass panel (14).
4. An experimental method for studying the water flow characteristics of a countercurrent packing molded piece according to claim 3, wherein: the size of the experimental cavity (5) is 1.2-1.5 times of the maximum size of the countercurrent packing molding piece (20); the distance between the bottom plate (15) and the panel (14) is adjustable according to the wave height of the countercurrent packing molding piece (20), and the distance between the bottom plate (15) and the panel (14) is 3-5 mm larger than the wave height of the countercurrent packing molding piece (20) to be measured.
5. The experimental method for studying water flow characteristics of a counter-current filler molded chip of claim 1, wherein: the water distribution groove (6) is of a closed cavity structure, and an end cover which can be opened is arranged on the upper end face of the water distribution groove (6) so as to replace and adjust gauze (12) and seal a horizontal overflow slotted hole (10) which is not in the width range of a tested countercurrent packing forming piece (20).
6. The experimental method for studying water flow characteristics of a counter-current filler molded chip of claim 1, wherein: the horizontal overflow slotted hole (10) is arranged at a position 15-20 cm below the upper edge of the bottom plate (15), the height of the horizontal overflow slotted hole (10) is 4-5 mm, and the horizontal overflow slotted hole is equal to the width of the inside of the water distribution groove (6).
7. The experimental method for studying water flow characteristics of a counter-current filler molded chip of claim 1, wherein: the water distribution pipe is uniformly provided with small holes with the diameter of 2-3 mm, and the center distance of the small holes is 2-3 cm.
8. The experimental method for studying water flow characteristics of a counter-current filler molded chip of claim 1, wherein: at least three tracer injection holes (13) are horizontally arranged at the upper part of the panel (14), and the horizontal position of the tracer injection holes is 5cm below the upper edge of the tested countercurrent packing molding sheet (20), and the diameter of the tracer injection holes is 1-2 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910183795.7A CN109781385B (en) | 2019-03-12 | 2019-03-12 | Device and method for researching water flow characteristics of countercurrent packing forming piece |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910183795.7A CN109781385B (en) | 2019-03-12 | 2019-03-12 | Device and method for researching water flow characteristics of countercurrent packing forming piece |
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| CN109781385A CN109781385A (en) | 2019-05-21 |
| CN109781385B true CN109781385B (en) | 2024-05-31 |
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2019
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