CN109779822B - Horizontal straight-through pipe double-cavity wave power generation device - Google Patents
Horizontal straight-through pipe double-cavity wave power generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109779822B CN109779822B CN201910041567.6A CN201910041567A CN109779822B CN 109779822 B CN109779822 B CN 109779822B CN 201910041567 A CN201910041567 A CN 201910041567A CN 109779822 B CN109779822 B CN 109779822B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal straight-through pipe double-cavity wave power generation device which comprises a buoyancy cabin, a horizontal straight-through pipe, an oscillating water column power generation module and an anchoring system, wherein the buoyancy cabin is provided with a plurality of buoyancy chambers; the oscillating water column power generation module comprises a first power generation module and a second power generation module; the first power generation module comprises a first cuboid cavity, a first air permeable body and a first power generator; the second power generation module comprises a second cuboid cavity, a second air permeable body and a second power generator; the buoyancy cabin is arranged at the upper part of the horizontal straight-through pipe, and the interior of the buoyancy cabin is provided with an electric power storage device; the lower parts of the first cuboid cavity and the second cuboid cavity are immersed into water, a first water column is formed at the lower part of the first cuboid cavity, and a first air chamber is formed at the upper part of the first cuboid cavity; a second water column is formed at the lower part of the second cuboid cavity, and a second air chamber is formed at the upper part of the second cuboid cavity; the anchoring system comprises an anchor machine, an anchor chain and an anchor. The device has strong stability and wave resistance, reduces the energy of reflected waves, improves the conversion efficiency, reduces the oil consumption of the towing ship, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wave power generation, in particular to a horizontal straight-through pipe double-cavity wave power generation device.
Background
Wave energy resources are abundant in reserves and have great development and utilization potentials. However, the development and utilization of ocean wave energy are high in cost due to factors such as unstable wave energy, severe ocean environment, seawater corrosion and marine organism adhesion. These costs are mainly reflected in the material costs of the plant, the construction costs, the conversion mechanism costs, the launch, transport and recovery costs, the anchoring costs, the maintenance costs, etc.
At present, wave energy utilization technologies are various, floating wave energy utilization technologies are the mainstream of research due to wide application range, and most of floating technologies can be divided into 3 categories, namely floating oscillating water column technology, floating wave-crossing technology and floating oscillating floater technology, as shown in fig. 1. The technology of the floating oscillating floater is that waves are utilized to push one floating body to translate or rotate relative to the other floating body (a supporting platform) to convert energy, namely the wave energy is firstly converted into mechanical energy for the floating body to move and then converted into electric energy through a hydraulic system or a linear power generation system or a mechanical mechanism. The device developed based on the technology must be a double (multiple) floating body and submerged or semi-submerged in seawater, and the characteristics mean low material utilization rate (double or multiple floating bodies), unavoidable interaction problem among the floating bodies, large influence of marine organism adhesion, long putting time (floating state adjustment requires time and equipment), easy occurrence of mechanical failure, difficult maintenance and limited improvement of cost performance due to the influence of a technical route. The floating wave-overtopping technology is characterized in that a single floating body (bearing platform) is used, and the device is required to bear the weight of a conversion carrier (seawater), so that the mooring system is large in structural scale and high in strength requirement, and under the combined action of wind, waves and currents, a water turbine is in contact with the seawater, is greatly influenced by attachment of marine organisms, and is slow in development. The floating oscillating water column technology is that a cavity is arranged in a structure, air is pushed to move by the water column in the cavity, and the air turbine and a generator are pushed by the moving air to output electric energy. The common cavity is in a straight pipe, a bent pipe or an inclined pipe, seawater is submerged at one end of the cavity, an air turbine and a generator are installed after the other end of the cavity is contracted, and an air chamber is formed between the air turbine and the seawater. The technical characteristics are that the single floating body has high material utilization rate, no collision problem exists, the air turbine and the generator are positioned on the water surface and are not influenced by seawater and marine organisms, and the maintenance is convenient. The floating oscillating water column technology has two types, namely a static type and a moving type. The floating static oscillating water column technology has the advantages that the floating body is basically motionless, the motion of the water column in the cavity is mainly generated by the direct action of waves, for example, a Japanese 'Juwhale' device, and the energy conversion efficiency of the technology is low.
The existing wave energy utilization technology has the defects of high construction cost, high ocean engineering cost and low safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a horizontal straight-through tube double-cavity wave power generation device.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a horizontal straight-through pipe double-cavity wave power generation device comprises a buoyancy cabin, a horizontal straight-through pipe, an oscillating water column power generation module and an anchoring system; the oscillating water column power generation module comprises a first power generation module and a second power generation module; the first power generation module comprises a first cuboid cavity, a first air turbine and a first power generator driven by the first air turbine; the second power generation module comprises a second cuboid cavity, a second air turbine and a second power generator driven by the second air turbine; the horizontal straight-through pipe is always in a diving state, the middle part of the horizontal straight-through pipe is through along the direction of the central shaft, and the two ends of the horizontal straight-through pipe are open; the first power generation module and the second power generation module are respectively arranged at two ends of the upper part of the horizontal straight-through pipe and are communicated with the horizontal straight-through pipe; the buoyancy cabin is arranged at the upper part of the horizontal straight-through pipe, and electric storage equipment respectively connected with the first generator and the second generator is arranged in the buoyancy cabin; the lower parts of the first cuboid cavity and the second cuboid cavity are submerged in water, a first water column is formed at the lower part of the first cuboid cavity, and a first air chamber is formed at the upper part of the first cuboid cavity; a second water column is formed at the lower part of the second cuboid cavity, and a second air chamber is formed at the upper part of the second cuboid cavity; a first air inlet and outlet is formed in the top of the first cuboid cavity, the first air is thoroughly assembled on the first air inlet and outlet, and the first generator is horizontally positioned above the first air turbine; a second air inlet and outlet is formed in the top of the second cuboid cavity, the second air turbine is assembled on the second air inlet and outlet, and the second generator is located above the second air turbine; the anchoring system comprises an anchor machine, an anchor chain connected with the anchor machine and an anchor fixed at the tail end of the anchor chain; and the anchor machine is fixed on the oscillating water column power generation module.
The horizontal straight-through pipe is always in a diving state, so that the gravity center position of the device can be lowered, and the stability of the device is improved; the horizontal straight-through pipe is hung at the lower part of the buoyancy cabin and is a through pipe, so that the draught depth of the device is deepened, the energy loss of transmitted waves can be reduced, two open ports are provided, the energy loss of radiation waves can be reduced, conditions are created for improving the capture width ratio and widening the response frequency band (extremely important discovery), the influence of navigation resistance and tide on the motion state and the conversion efficiency of the device can be reduced by leaving a channel, meanwhile, the cost is reduced, and the reliability is improved; when short-period small waves act on the device, the device is almost motionless, wave energy enters the first cuboid cavity from the port of the horizontal straight pipe to cause the first water column in the pipe to move, so that air in the first air chamber flows, then the first air turbine is pushed to enable the first generator to generate electricity, the second water column in the second cuboid cavity is almost motionless, and almost no energy is output; when long-period large waves act on the device, the whole device moves to respectively drive the first water column in the first cuboid cavity and the second water column in the second cuboid cavity to generate large movement relative to the device, so that air in the double air chambers is pushed to flow, and then the air turbines are respectively driven to drive the generator to generate electricity. When the direction of incoming waves is reverse, the wave energy conversion principle is the same, and only the magnitude of the output energy of the first cuboid cavity and the second cuboid cavity is changed; the technology not only integrates the advantages of energy conversion of the oscillating water column technology and the oscillating floater technology, but also inherits the characteristics of simple oscillating water column technology (simplicity, low production and use cost, reliability, high safety and strong maintainability).
The cross section of the horizontal straight-through pipe is hexagonal, two surfaces where two edges at the top are located are recessed downwards to form a concave position, and the cross section of the pipe at the bottom is pointed; the bottom of the buoyancy cabin protrudes downwards to form a convex position, the convex position is formed by clamping two side surfaces obliquely downwards, and the convex position is inserted into the concave position and is fixed together through rigid connection. The pipe section at the bottom of the horizontal straight-through pipe is pointed, so that the resistance of the shaking motion of the device can be reduced, and the mechanical energy of the motion of the device is improved; the convex position and the concave position are matched, so that the buoyancy cabin is fixed more stably.
The anchoring system is provided with four anchors which are respectively arranged on four corners of the device, and the four anchors are radially arranged. The anchors distributed in a radial mode enable the device to face the incident wave direction on the front face of any cuboid cavity, and the device is stable.
A first cone cavity is arranged between the top of the first cuboid cavity and the first air chamber, and the diameter of the lower end of the first cone cavity is larger than that of the upper end of the first cone cavity; a second vertebral body cavity is arranged between the top of the second cuboid cavity and the second air chamber, and the diameter of the lower end of the second vertebral body cavity is larger than that of the upper end of the second vertebral body cavity. The arrangement of the cavity of the cone body enables air to accumulate when the movement of the water column drives the air movement of the air chamber, so that greater force is generated to drive the air turbine to move.
The two end faces of the buoyancy cabin are fixedly connected with the first cuboid cavity and the second cuboid cavity respectively through welding. The buoyancy cabin is fixedly connected with the two cuboid cavities, so that the firmness of the device is better.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the device is formed by connecting two vertical cavity monomer power generation units into a whole through the buoyancy cabin and the horizontal straight-through pipe, so that the installation capacity of the device is increased, and the stability and wave resistance of the device are improved; in a wave power generation state, the through horizontal straight-through pipe enables the device to have larger draught depth but smaller wave reflection area for wave facing, reduces energy loss of reflected waves and improves the conversion efficiency of the device; in a towing state, the through horizontal straight-through pipe reduces the resistance of the device in self-navigation and reduces the oil consumption of a towing ship, thereby saving energy and protecting environment; the invention lays a foundation for realizing low-cost and high-efficiency utilization of wave energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a classification diagram of a floating wave energy utilization technique in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings mean: 101. a first air inlet/outlet; 102. a first generator; 103. a first air turbine; 104. a first air chamber; 105. a first water column; 106. a first cuboid cavity; 107. a horizontal straight-through pipe; 108. a buoyancy compartment; 201. a second air inlet/outlet; 202. a second generator; 203. a second air turbine; 204. a second air chamber; 205. a second water column; 206. a second cuboid cavity; 301. an anchor; 302. an anchor chain; 303. an anchor machine; 401. wave energy; 402. kinetic energy of air; 403. an air turbine; 404. oscillating water column technology; 405. potential energy of seawater; 406. a water turbine; 407. wave-crossing technology; 408. the oscillating float technique; 409. a hydraulic cylinder; 410. a high voltage current regulator; 411. a hydraulic motor; 412. a rotating electric machine; 413. electrical energy; 414. mechanical energy of the structure; 415. mechanical structures (belts, gear drives, etc.); 416. a linear generator.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, three classification diagrams of floating wave energy utilization technologies in the prior art are shown; the reference numerals in the drawings denote: 401. wave energy; 402. kinetic energy of air; 403. an air turbine; 404. oscillating water column technology; 405. potential energy of seawater; 406. a water turbine; 407. wave-crossing technology; 408. the oscillating float technique; 409. a hydraulic cylinder; 410. a high voltage current regulator; 411. a hydraulic motor; 412. a rotating electric machine; 413. electrical energy; 414. mechanical energy of the structure; 415. mechanical structures (belts, gear drives, etc.); 416. a linear generator.
The floating motion type oscillating water column technology mainly converts wave energy into reciprocating motion of gas in a cavity of a floating body cavity through floating body motion, and then converts pneumatic energy into electric energy through an air turbine and a generator. Under the efforts of the patent applicant, the novel back bend technology miniature prototype is shown by a third party (national oceanographic center) water pool test: the highest conversion efficiency of waves to electricity under the load of the regular wave battery reaches 35.65 percent, the highest average efficiency of waves to electricity under the load of the random wave battery reaches 26.66 percent, and the international leading level is reached; the conversion efficiency of wave energy to pneumatic energy under the random wave action of the novel central tube technology is up to 50.16%. The back bend technique exhibits high energy conversion characteristics. Compared with other wave energy utilization devices, the rear pipe bending device has shallow draft and is convenient to haul and put in, floating state adjustment is not needed, so that field construction is simple, but a bent pipe is hung below the floating body, towing resistance is large, and the direction relation between energy conversion efficiency and incoming waves is large. The open end is faced unrestrained, and conversion efficiency is low, and open end back of the body is unrestrained, and conversion efficiency is high.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the hollow arrow in the drawings is the direction of incident waves, and is a horizontal straight-through pipe 107 dual-cavity wave power generation device, which comprises a buoyancy cabin 108, a horizontal straight-through pipe 107, an oscillating water column power generation module and an anchoring system; the oscillating water column power generation module comprises a first power generation module and a second power generation module; the first power generation module comprises a first cuboid cavity 106, a first air turbine 103 and a first power generator 102 driven by the first air turbine 103; the second power generation module comprises a second rectangular parallelepiped cavity 206, a second air turbine 203 and a second power generator 202 driven by the second air turbine 203; the horizontal straight-through pipe 107 is always in a diving state, the middle part of the pipe is through along the direction of the central shaft, and the two ends of the pipe are open; the first power generation module and the second power generation module are respectively arranged at two ends of the upper part of the horizontal through pipe 107 and are communicated with the horizontal through pipe 107; the buoyancy chamber 108 is arranged at the upper part of the horizontal through pipe 107, and electric storage equipment respectively connected with the first generator 102 and the second generator 202 is arranged in the buoyancy chamber 108; the lower parts of the first cuboid cavity 106 and the second cuboid cavity 206 are submerged, a first water column 105 is formed at the lower part of the first cuboid cavity 106, and a first air chamber 104 is formed at the upper part of the first cuboid cavity 106; a second water column 205 is formed at the lower part of the second cuboid cavity 206, and a second air chamber 204 is formed at the upper part of the second cuboid cavity; a first air inlet and outlet 101 is formed in the top of the first cuboid cavity 106, the first air turbine 103 is assembled above the first air inlet and outlet 101, and the first generator 102 is positioned above the first air turbine 103; a second air inlet and outlet 201 is formed in the top of the second cuboid cavity 206, a second air turbine 203 is assembled on the second air inlet and outlet 201, and a second generator 202 is positioned above the second air turbine 203; the mooring system comprises an anchor machine 303, an anchor chain 302 connected with the anchor machine 303, and an anchor 301 fixed at the tail end of the anchor chain 302; the anchor machine 303 is fixed on the oscillating water column power generation module.
The horizontal straight-through pipe 107 is always in a diving state, so that the gravity center position of the device can be lowered, and the stability of the device is improved; the horizontal straight-through pipe 107 is hung at the lower part of the buoyancy cabin 108 and is a through pipe, so that the draught depth of the device is deepened, the energy loss of transmitted waves can be reduced, two open ports are provided, the energy loss of radiation waves can be reduced, conditions are created for improving the capture width ratio and widening the response frequency band (extremely important discovery), the influence of navigation resistance and tide on the motion state and the conversion efficiency of the device can be reduced by leaving a channel, meanwhile, the cost is also reduced, and the reliability is improved; when short-period small waves act on the device, the device hardly moves, the wave energy enters the first cuboid cavity 106 from the port of the horizontal straight-through pipe 107 to cause the first water column 105 in the pipe to move, so that air in the first air chamber 104 flows, then the first air turbine 103 is pushed, the first generator 102 generates electricity, the second water column 205 in the second cuboid cavity 206 hardly moves, and almost no energy is output; when long-period large waves act on the device, the whole device moves to respectively drive the first water column 105 in the first cuboid cavity 106 and the second water column 205 in the second cuboid cavity 206 to move greatly relative to the device, so that air in the double air chambers is pushed to flow, and then the air turbines are respectively driven to drive the generator to generate electricity. When the direction of incoming waves is reverse, the wave energy conversion principle is the same, and only the magnitude of the output energy of the first cuboid cavity 106 and the second cuboid cavity 206 is changed; the technology not only integrates the advantages of energy conversion of the oscillating water column technology and the oscillating floater technology, but also inherits the characteristics of simple oscillating water column technology (simplicity, low production and use cost, reliability, high safety and strong maintainability).
The cross section of the horizontal straight-through pipe 107 is hexagonal, two surfaces where two edges at the top are located are recessed downwards to form a concave position, and the section of the pipe at the bottom is pointed; the bottom of the buoyancy chamber 108 is downwardly convex to form a convex position, the convex position is formed by clamping two side surfaces obliquely downwards, and the convex position is inserted into the concave position and fixed together through rigid connection. The section of the bottom pipe of the horizontal straight-through pipe 107 is pointed, so that the resistance of the shaking motion of the device can be reduced, and the mechanical energy of the motion of the device is improved; the convex position and the concave position are matched, so that the buoyancy chamber 108 is fixed more stably.
The anchoring system is provided with four anchors 303, the four anchors 303 are respectively arranged on four corners of the device, and the four anchors 301 are radially arranged. The anchors 301 arranged in a radial mode enable the device to face the incident wave direction on the front face of any cuboid cavity, and therefore the device is stable.
A first cone-shaped cavity is arranged between the top of the first cuboid cavity 106 and the first air chamber 104, and the diameter of the lower end of the first cone-shaped cavity is larger than that of the upper end of the first cone-shaped cavity; a second cone-shaped cavity is arranged between the top of the second cuboid cavity 206 and the second air chamber 204, and the diameter of the lower end of the second cone-shaped cavity is larger than that of the upper end of the second cone-shaped cavity. The arrangement of the cavity of the cone body enables air to accumulate when the movement of the water column drives the air movement of the air chamber, so that greater force is generated to push the air turbine to rotate.
Two end faces of the buoyancy compartment 108 are respectively fixedly connected with the first cuboid cavity 106 and the second cuboid cavity 206 through welding. The buoyancy compartment 108 is fixedly connected with the two cuboid cavities, so that the firmness of the device is better.
When wave energy is collected, the 4 anchors 301 are radially arranged, so that the front face of any cuboid cavity of the device can face the direction of incident waves, when waves act on the device, a first water column 105 can be caused to move in a first air chamber 104 and a second water column 205 can be caused to move in a second air chamber 204, air in the first air chamber 104 and air in the second air chamber 204 are correspondingly driven to move, the air moved by the first air chamber 104 drives a first air turbine 103 and a first generator 102 to output electric energy, the air moved by the second air chamber 204 drives a second air turbine 203 and a second generator 202 to output electric energy, and the wave energy is converted into electric energy.
When the device needs to be moved, 4 anchors 301 are retracted, the device is dragged by the tug boat, the horizontal straight-through pipe 107 is a straight-through pipe with the middle part communicated along the direction of the central shaft and two open ends, and the channel has small resistance to the sailing device, thereby being beneficial to reducing energy consumption and improving safety of the device in the dragging process. The two monomer power generation modules are connected in front and at the back, and the two sets of power generation mechanisms can improve the guarantee degree of the device. It is worth mentioning that the device will have an electrical energy output when the first and second water columns 105 and 205 move relative to the first and second air chambers 104 and 204, respectively, during free floating and sailing. This feature provides the basis for the device to convert wave energy in a floating, non-moored state.
The above detailed description is specific to possible embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A horizontal straight-through pipe double-cavity wave power generation device is characterized in that: the device comprises a buoyancy cabin, a horizontal straight-through pipe, an oscillating water column power generation module and an anchoring system; the oscillating water column power generation module comprises a first power generation module and a second power generation module; the first power generation module comprises a first cuboid cavity, a first air turbine and a first power generator driven by the first air turbine; the second power generation module comprises a second cuboid cavity, a second air turbine and a second power generator driven by the second air turbine; the horizontal straight-through pipe is always in a diving state, the middle part of the horizontal straight-through pipe is through along the direction of the central shaft, and the two ends of the horizontal straight-through pipe are open; the first power generation module and the second power generation module are respectively arranged at two ends of the upper part of the horizontal straight-through pipe and are communicated with the horizontal straight-through pipe; the buoyancy cabin is arranged at the upper part of the horizontal straight-through pipe, electric power storage equipment which is respectively connected with the first generator and the second generator is arranged in the buoyancy cabin, the lower parts of the first cuboid cavity and the second cuboid cavity are submerged in water, a first water column is formed at the lower part of the first cuboid cavity, and a first air chamber is formed at the upper part of the first cuboid cavity; a second water column is formed at the lower part of the second cuboid cavity, and a second air chamber is formed at the upper part of the second cuboid cavity; a first air inlet and outlet is formed in the top of the first cuboid cavity, the first air turbine is assembled on the first air inlet and outlet, and the first generator is located above the first air turbine; a second air inlet and outlet is formed in the top of the second cuboid cavity, the second air turbine is assembled on the second air inlet and outlet, and the second generator is located above the second air turbine; the anchoring system comprises an anchor machine, an anchor chain connected with the anchor machine and an anchor fixed at the tail end of the anchor chain; the anchor machine is fixed on the oscillating water column power generation module; the cross section of the horizontal straight-through pipe is hexagonal, two surfaces where two edges at the top are located are recessed downwards to form a concave position, and the cross section of the pipe at the bottom is pointed; the bottom of the buoyancy cabin protrudes downwards to form a convex position, the convex position is formed by clamping two side surfaces obliquely downwards, and the convex position is inserted into the concave position and is fixed together through rigid connection; a first cone cavity is arranged between the top of the first cuboid cavity and the first air chamber, and the diameter of the lower end of the first cone cavity is larger than that of the upper end of the first cone cavity; a second vertebral body cavity is arranged between the top of the second cuboid cavity and the second air chamber, and the diameter of the lower end of the second vertebral body cavity is larger than that of the upper end of the second vertebral body cavity.
2. The horizontal straight-through tube dual-cavity wave power generation device of claim 1, wherein: the anchoring system is provided with four anchors which are respectively arranged on four corners of the device, and the four anchors are radially arranged.
3. The horizontal straight-through tube dual-cavity wave power generation device of claim 1, wherein: the two end faces of the buoyancy cabin are fixedly connected with the first cuboid cavity and the second cuboid cavity respectively through welding.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS59131774A (en) * | 1983-01-18 | 1984-07-28 | Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc | Mooring type multiple direction wave force converting device |
| PT2079926T (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2017-08-03 | Maritime Tech Ltd | A floatable wave energy converter |
| JP2012002218A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2012-01-05 | Tomiji Watabe | Offshore wave power generator |
| CN110291289B (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2021-11-19 | 浪涌能源有限公司 | Apparatus and method for extracting energy from a fluid |
| CN107605646A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-19 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of energy-efficient self-propulsion type apparatus for generating electricity by wave force |
| CN108716449B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-04-24 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | U-shaped self-propelled wave power generation device |
| CN108894909A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-27 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of horizontal tube pneumatic type apparatus for generating electricity by wave force to navigate |
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