CN109778926B - Single pile compression-resistant static load test device, construction method and special tool - Google Patents
Single pile compression-resistant static load test device, construction method and special tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN109778926B CN109778926B CN201910221753.8A CN201910221753A CN109778926B CN 109778926 B CN109778926 B CN 109778926B CN 201910221753 A CN201910221753 A CN 201910221753A CN 109778926 B CN109778926 B CN 109778926B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single pile compression-resistant static load test device, wherein a pulling cap which is horizontally arranged is respectively arranged on the upper surfaces of two end parts of a secondary steel beam, the pulling cap is connected with an inclined anchor pile through a plurality of counterforce ribs, the counterforce ribs are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the secondary steel beam, and the center line of the pulling cap and the top center of the inclined anchor pile are positioned on the same vertical line; the pull cap is provided with a plurality of grid-type through slits which correspond to the counter-force ribs and extend in the left-right direction, and the upper end parts of the counter-force ribs penetrate through the through slits and are locked on the pull cap by locking nuts; the lower end of the counter force rib is a bending section, the bending position of the counter force rib is the intersection position of the counter force rib and the top opening of the inclined anchor pile, the bending section of the counter force rib is parallel to the longitudinal line of the inclined anchor pile, the counter force rib is attached to and welded on the side wall of the inclined anchor pile, and the part of the counter force rib above the inclined anchor pile is vertically arranged. The invention also discloses a construction method of the device and a special bending tool for realizing the construction method. The invention can realize the effective connection of the inclined anchor pile and the counter-force bar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a single pile vertical compression-resistant static load test, in particular to a single pile compression-resistant static load test device, a construction method and a special tool.
Background
The single pile vertical compression resistance static load test is a test method for directly obtaining the single pile vertical compression resistance limit bearing capacity value, and is also a test method which is currently accepted to be the most reliable and closest to the actual situation. During static load test, important parameters such as pile shaft axial force distribution, pile Zhou Geyan soil layer side friction resistance, pile end displacement, pile shaft elastic compression and the like can be obtained through sensors and the like buried in the pile shaft. The method provides basis for construction process parameter selection, pile selection and the like of construction units and design units in pile foundation design.
The offshore wind power is used as a clean energy source, has the advantages of no land occupation, high power generation efficiency, no environmental pollution and the like, has long coastline in China and rich wind power resources, and is one of the most promising energy industries in recent years. As the offshore wind farm is far away from the land, the construction difficulty of the fan foundation is greatly increased compared with the land. As an important component for bearing the load of the upper fan, offshore wind turbine foundations have been developed in various structural forms, and common foundation forms include: gravity type foundations, single pile foundations, high pile cap foundations, jacket foundations, floating foundations and the like.
A typical construction method of the high pile cap foundation is to symmetrically arrange a plurality of steel piles with the diameter of 1.5-2.0 m according to the circumference, insert the pile bottom outwards in an inclined manner to a bearing layer, and connect the pile tops into a whole by adopting a reinforced concrete cap structure, wherein the structure has the advantages of high bearing capacity and small sedimentation. The vertical compressive static load test of the foundation pile of the high pile cap generally uses the engineering pile (inclined pile) as a counter-force anchor pile and a reference pile, and then adds a straight pile as a test pile in the circumferential center surrounded by the engineering pile. After the test is finished, only the test pile is required to be cut off, and the peripheral engineering piles can be continuously reserved as a fan foundation of the machine. The method greatly saves the cost, avoids unnecessary waste, and is welcomed by the vast building units. However, because the anchor pile is the inclined pile, an included angle can be formed between the inclined anchor pile and the counter-force rib when the vertical compression test is carried out, if effective measures cannot be taken for connection, the risk that the counter-force rib is broken or the connection part is pulled to be invalid due to uneven stress can occur, so that the test is failed, and serious safety accidents can also occur. Considering that the sea area storms and climate conditions at the offshore wind power plant are generally severe, the number of workable days suitable for the test is very limited, the rest of the sea area can be concentrated within two to three months, the test period is prolonged if the counterforce ribs are problematic once the test is performed, and the progress of the whole test can be delayed for several months or even one year if the test time is missed. Therefore, how to effectively connect the counterforce bars ensures that test detection is carried out smoothly, thereby achieving the purposes of grasping test time and reducing test cost, and being a key problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a single pile compression-resistant static load test device capable of effectively connecting an inclined anchor pile and a counter-force bar for solving the technical problems in the prior art.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows: the single pile compression-resistant static load test device is characterized in that a test pile is arranged at the center of the circumference surrounded by engineering piles, and the engineering piles are adopted as inclined anchor piles; the test device comprises a loading hydraulic jack arranged on the top of a test pile, wherein a main steel beam is supported on the loading hydraulic jack, two ends of the main steel beam are respectively provided with a secondary steel beam, the secondary steel beam is fixedly connected with the main steel beam, and the main steel beam and the secondary steel beam form a reaction frame; the upper surfaces of the two end parts of the secondary steel beam are respectively provided with a horizontally arranged pulling cap, the pulling caps are connected with the inclined anchor pile through a plurality of counter-force ribs, the counter-force ribs are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the secondary steel beam, and the center line of the pulling caps and the top center of the inclined anchor pile are positioned on the same vertical line; the pull cap is provided with a plurality of grid-type through slits which correspond to the counter-force ribs and extend in the left-right direction, and the upper end parts of the counter-force ribs penetrate through the through slits and are locked on the pull cap by locking nuts; the lower tip of counter-force muscle is the bending section, the bending position of counter-force muscle is the crossing position of this counter-force muscle and oblique anchor pile top opening, the bending section of counter-force muscle with the longitudinal line of oblique anchor pile is parallel, and laminating and welding are in on the lateral wall of oblique anchor pile, the counter-force muscle is located the part vertical setting on the oblique anchor pile.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows: the construction method of the single pile compression-resistant static load test device comprises the following steps:
1) Installing a loading hydraulic jack;
2) Constructing a main steel beam and a secondary steel beam to form a reaction frame;
3) Horizontal pulling caps are arranged on the upper surfaces of the two end parts of the secondary steel beam, and the center line of the pulling caps and the top center of the inclined anchor pile are positioned on the same vertical line;
4) Connecting the pulling cap and the inclined anchor pile by adopting a plurality of counterforce ribs which are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the secondary steel beam;
step 3), a plurality of grid through slits which correspond to the counter-force ribs and extend in the left-right direction are arranged on the pulling cap;
the step 4) is that the connecting method of the reaction bar, the inclined anchor pile and the pulling cap adopts the following steps:
4.1 Bending of the reaction bar
The upper end part of the counter-force rib penetrates through the through seam and is connected to the pulling cap by adopting a locking nut, the counter-force rib is moved in the through seam until the counter-force rib in a vertical state is intersected with the top opening of the inclined anchor pile, and a special bending tool is adopted to bend the counter-force rib at the intersection part, so that the bending section of the counter-force rib is parallel to the longitudinal line of the inclined anchor pile, and the part above the inclined anchor pile is kept vertical;
4.2 Repeating the step 4.1) until the bending of all the counter-force bars is completed;
4.3 Attaching and welding the bending sections of all the counter-force ribs on the side wall of the inclined anchor pile;
4.4 Locking the locking nuts and adjusting the tightness of all the locking nuts to enable all the counter-force bars to be uniformly stressed.
The third technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows: the special bending tool for realizing the construction method comprises a support, wherein a hook matched with the side wall of an inclined anchor pile is arranged at the front end of the support, a bending jack horizontally arranged in the front-back direction is arranged at the bottom of the support, a baffle plate arranged at the upper part of the front end of the bending jack is arranged on the support, the baffle plate is vertically arranged, two limiting bolts horizontally arranged in the left-right direction are inserted into the support, the limiting bolts are positioned in front of the baffle plate, the limiting bolts are also used as bending stop pins at the lower part, the fixing ends of the hook are arranged in the same horizontal plane, and the output end of the bending jack is positioned below the bending stop pins, and a vertical fixing space for counterforce ribs extending vertically is formed between the two limiting bolts and the baffle plate.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: through setting up logical seam on the cap, make the counter-force muscle position of vertical setting in the seam adjustable, through adjusting the position of counter-force muscle, make the counter-force muscle of vertical setting intersect with the top mouth of oblique anchor pile, use this intersection as bending point to the counter-force muscle be located the direction of being close to the stake wall below the top mouth of oblique anchor pile, make the bending section of counter-force muscle parallel with the longitudinal line of oblique anchor pile, and then make the bending section of counter-force muscle can laminate and weld on the top lateral wall of oblique anchor pile, guarantee that the bending section of counter-force muscle is unanimous with steel-pipe pile atress direction, thereby avoided appearing the atress uneven and lead to the counter-force muscle to be broken by drawing the condition that splits at experimental.
In view of the fact that the top opening of the inclined anchor pile connected with the counter-force ribs is an arc inclined plane, the positions of bending points of the counter-force ribs at the top opening are different, and the angles of bending of each counter-force rib are also different, so that the inclined anchor pile is difficult to prefabricate in advance. The special bending tool provided by the invention is specially designed for the above situation, can adjust the bending point at any time according to the difference of the top opening, can bend according to the angle required by each reaction rib, and has the characteristics of light weight, flexibility and definite force transmission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single pile compression-resistant static load test device;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of an inclined anchor pile and a counter-force bar;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a special bending tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the bending tool of the present invention in use.
In the figure: 1. testing piles; 2. oblique anchor piles; 3. loading a hydraulic jack; 4. a main steel beam; 5. secondary steel beams; 6. pulling the cap; 7. a reaction bar; 8. a lock nut; 9. bending jack; 10. a limit bolt; 11. a baffle; 12. a hook; 13. a support; 14. pushing head.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, its features and advantages, reference is now made to the following examples, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, a single pile compression-resistant static load test device is provided, wherein a test pile 1 is arranged at the center of the circumference surrounded by engineering piles, and the engineering piles are adopted as inclined anchor piles 2.
The test device comprises a loading hydraulic jack 3 arranged at the top of a test pile 1, wherein a main steel beam 4 is supported on the loading hydraulic jack 3, two ends of the main steel beam 4 are respectively provided with a secondary steel beam 5, the secondary steel beams 5 are fixedly connected with the main steel beam 4, and the main steel beam 4 and the secondary steel beams 5 form a reaction frame.
The upper surfaces of two end parts of the secondary steel beam 5 are respectively provided with a horizontally arranged pulling cap 6, the pulling caps 6 are connected with the inclined anchor piles 5 through a plurality of counter-force ribs 7, the counter-force ribs 7 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the secondary steel beam 5, and the center line of the pulling caps 6 and the center of the top of the inclined anchor piles 2 are positioned on the same vertical line.
The pull cap 6 is provided with a plurality of grid-type through slits which correspond to the counter-force ribs 7 and extend along the left-right direction, the outer ends of the through slits are preferably sealed, and the through slits can be sealed by adopting a connecting baffle plate or an integrated structure so as to prevent the counter-force ribs 7 from falling out of the pull cap 6.
The upper end part of the counterforce rib 7 passes through the through seam and is locked on the pulling cap 6 by adopting a locking nut 8.
The lower end of the counterforce rib 7 is a bending section, the bending position of the counterforce rib 7 is the intersection position of the counterforce rib 7 and the top opening of the inclined anchor pile 2, the bending section of the counterforce rib 7 is parallel to the longitudinal line of the inclined anchor pile 2, and is attached to and welded on the side wall of the inclined anchor pile 2, and the side wall is possibly an inner side surface or an outer side surface. The portion of the counterforce rib 7 above the inclined anchor pile 2 is vertically arranged.
It is recommended that the lock nuts 8 be used in two, so that looseness can be prevented. It is recommended that the bending section of the counterforce rib 7 is connected with the inclined anchor pile 2 by adopting a double-sided welding seam.
The construction method of the single pile compression-resistant static load test device comprises the following steps:
1) Installing a loading hydraulic jack 3;
2) Constructing a main steel beam 4 and a secondary steel beam 5 to form a reaction frame;
3) Horizontal pull caps 6 are arranged on the upper surfaces of the two end parts of the secondary steel beam 5, and the central line of the pull caps 6 and the top center of the inclined anchor pile 2 are positioned on the same vertical line; a plurality of grid through slits which correspond to the counter-force bars 7 and extend in the left-right direction are arranged on the pull cap 6;
4) The pull cap 6 and the inclined anchor pile 2 are connected by adopting a plurality of counterforce ribs 7, the counterforce ribs 7 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the secondary steel beam 5, and the connection method of the counterforce ribs 7, the inclined anchor pile 2 and the pull cap 6 adopts the following steps:
4.1 Bending of the reaction bar
The upper end part of the counterforce rib 7 passes through the through seam and is connected to the pulling cap 6 by adopting a locking nut 8, the counterforce rib 7 is moved in the through seam until the counterforce rib in a vertical state is intersected with the top opening of the inclined anchor pile 2, and a special bending tool is adopted to bend the counterforce rib 7 at the intersection, so that the bending section of the counterforce rib 7 is parallel to the longitudinal line of the inclined anchor pile 2, and the part above the inclined anchor pile 2 is kept vertical;
4.2 Repeating the step 4.1) until all the counter-force bars 7 are bent;
4.3 Attaching and welding the bending sections of all the counter-force bars 7 on the side wall of the inclined anchor pile 2;
4.4 Locking the locking nuts 8 and adjusting the tightness of all the locking nuts 8 to uniformly stress all the counter-force bars 7.
In view of the fact that the top opening of the inclined anchor pile connected with the counter-force ribs is an arc inclined plane, the positions of bending points of the counter-force ribs at the top opening are different, and the angles of bending of each counter-force rib are also different, so that the inclined anchor pile is difficult to prefabricate in advance. The invention relates to a bending tool specially designed for the working condition, which is used for bending a counterforce bar on site. Referring to fig. 4 to 6, the special bending tool includes a support 13, a hook 12 adapted to the side wall of the inclined anchor pile 2 is provided at the front end of the support 13, a bending jack 9 horizontally disposed along the front-rear direction is mounted at the bottom of the support 13, a baffle 11 disposed at the upper part of the front end of the bending jack 9 is provided on the support 13, the baffle 11 is vertically disposed, two limiting bolts 10 horizontally disposed along the left-right direction are inserted into the support 13, the limiting bolts 10 are disposed in front of the baffle 11, the limiting bolts at the bottom are also used as bending blocking pins, the fixed ends of the hook 12 are disposed in the same horizontal plane, the output end of the bending jack 9 is disposed below the bending blocking pins, and a vertical fixing space for the counterforce bar extending vertically is formed between the two limiting bolts 10 and the baffle 11.
In order to better push the reaction bar to bend, a push head 14 which is matched with the reaction bar 7 is connected to the output end of the bending jack 9.
The principle of bending the lower end part of the counterforce rib 7 is that the counterforce rib 7 arranged vertically starts to bend at the top opening of the inclined anchor pile, and the bending section of the counterforce rib 7 after bending is attached to the side wall of the inclined anchor pile so as to ensure that the stress direction of the counterforce rib 7 is consistent with that of the inclined anchor pile 2. The reaction bars 7 may thus be attached to the outer surface of the side walls of the diagonal anchor pile, or to the inner surface of the side walls of the diagonal anchor pile.
The method for bending the counter force rib by adopting the tool comprises the following steps:
and selecting the position of the counter-force rib between the pile top and the pulling cap, and connecting the bending tool on the counter-force rib. The bending method comprises the steps of moving a bending tool to enable a baffle plate 11 to lean against a counter-force rib 7, inserting a limiting bolt 10, enabling the counter-force rib 7 to pass through a counter-force rib vertical fixing space formed by the limiting bolt 10 and the baffle plate 11, enabling the bending tool to move up and down and rotate only, adjusting the deflection angle of the bending tool to enable the bending tool to be located right above the side wall of the inclined anchor pile, then enabling the bending tool to be placed down from top to bottom until a hook is hung on the top of the side wall of the inclined anchor pile, enabling the bending jack 9 to extend out, pushing the part of the counter-force rib 7 below the pile top, and enabling the part of the processed counter-force rib above the pile top to be still in a vertical state under the limitation of the counter-force rib vertical fixing space. Because the bending stop pin and the fixed end of the hook 12 are arranged in the same horizontal plane, the hook 12 is hung on the pile top of the inclined anchor pile, and therefore the bending position of the counter-force rib is the intersection position of the counter-force rib and the top opening of the inclined anchor pile. Therefore, the bending section of the reaction rib can be tightly attached to the pile wall, and the subsequent welding treatment is convenient.
The invention can ensure that the lower end part of the counter-force rib is tightly attached to the side wall of the pile top of the inclined anchor pile, the stress direction is consistent, and the part of the counter-force rib above the pile top is ensured to be vertical, thereby effectively avoiding the phenomenon that the counter-force rib is broken by pulling and cracking a welding seam due to uneven stress during a test.
The invention can be used for single pile compression-resistant static load test of the offshore wind turbine high pile cap foundation and also can be used for test of land similar structures.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims, which are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The single pile compression-resistant static load test device is characterized in that a test pile is arranged at the center of the circumference surrounded by engineering piles, and the engineering piles are adopted as inclined anchor piles;
the test device comprises a loading hydraulic jack arranged on the top of a test pile, wherein a main steel beam is supported on the loading hydraulic jack, two ends of the main steel beam are respectively provided with a secondary steel beam, the secondary steel beam is fixedly connected with the main steel beam, and the main steel beam and the secondary steel beam form a reaction frame;
the upper surfaces of the two end parts of the secondary steel beam are respectively provided with a horizontally arranged pulling cap, the pulling caps are connected with the inclined anchor pile through a plurality of counter-force ribs, the counter-force ribs are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the secondary steel beam, and the center line of the pulling caps and the top center of the inclined anchor pile are positioned on the same vertical line;
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the pull cap is provided with a plurality of grid-type through slits which correspond to the counter-force ribs and extend in the left-right direction, and the upper end parts of the counter-force ribs penetrate through the through slits and are locked on the pull cap by locking nuts;
the lower end part of the counterforce rib is a bending section, the bending position of the counterforce rib is the intersection position of the counterforce rib and the top opening of the inclined anchor pile, the bending section of the counterforce rib is parallel to the longitudinal line of the inclined anchor pile, the counterforce rib is attached to and welded on the side wall of the inclined anchor pile, and the part of the counterforce rib above the inclined anchor pile is vertically arranged;
the number of the locking nuts is two;
and the bending section of the counterforce rib is connected with the inclined anchor pile by adopting a double-sided welding seam.
2. A construction method of the single pile compression-resistant static load test device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
1) Installing a loading hydraulic jack;
2) Constructing a main steel beam and a secondary steel beam to form a reaction frame;
3) Horizontal pulling caps are arranged on the upper surfaces of the two end parts of the secondary steel beam, and the center line of the pulling caps and the top center of the inclined anchor pile are positioned on the same vertical line;
4) Connecting the pulling cap and the inclined anchor pile by adopting a plurality of counterforce ribs which are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the secondary steel beam;
the method is characterized in that in the step 3), a plurality of grid through slits which correspond to the counter-force ribs and extend in the left-right direction are arranged on the pulling cap;
the step 4) is that the connecting method of the reaction bar, the inclined anchor pile and the pulling cap adopts the following steps:
4.1 Bending of the reaction bar
The upper end part of the counter-force rib penetrates through the through seam and is connected to the pulling cap by adopting a locking nut, the counter-force rib is moved in the through seam until the counter-force rib in a vertical state is intersected with the top opening of the inclined anchor pile, and a special bending tool is adopted to bend the counter-force rib at the intersection part, so that the bending section of the counter-force rib is parallel to the longitudinal line of the inclined anchor pile, and the part above the inclined anchor pile is kept vertical;
4.2 Repeating the step 4.1) until the bending of all the counter-force bars is completed;
4.3 Attaching and welding the bending sections of all the counter-force ribs on the side wall of the inclined anchor pile;
4.4 Locking the locking nuts and adjusting the tightness of all the locking nuts to enable all the counter-force bars to be uniformly stressed.
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| CN201910221753.8A CN109778926B (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Single pile compression-resistant static load test device, construction method and special tool |
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| CN201910221753.8A CN109778926B (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Single pile compression-resistant static load test device, construction method and special tool |
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| CN109778926A CN109778926A (en) | 2019-05-21 |
| CN109778926B true CN109778926B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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| CN111705850B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-09-21 | 深圳市蛇口招商港湾工程有限公司 | Pile foundation uplift test system and test method |
| CN114086615A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-02-25 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Construction method of tubular foundation of secant pile and bearing capacity detection method thereof |
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