CN109775508A - Emergency braking apparatus and elevator device with the emergency braking apparatus - Google Patents
Emergency braking apparatus and elevator device with the emergency braking apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN109775508A CN109775508A CN201711101328.2A CN201711101328A CN109775508A CN 109775508 A CN109775508 A CN 109775508A CN 201711101328 A CN201711101328 A CN 201711101328A CN 109775508 A CN109775508 A CN 109775508A
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- emergency braking
- mounting base
- assembly
- braking surface
- braking apparatus
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of emergency braking apparatus, including actuator, the first assembly, the second assembly, at least a brake component, and wherein actuator is mounted on one end of two assemblys, and brake component is located at the other end of two assemblys；After actuator is triggered, actuator becomes open position from closed position, and emergency braking apparatus becomes triggering state from normal operating condition, and brake component and guide rail contact generate frictional force；Under the action of frictional force, emergency braking apparatus becomes on-position from triggering state, and actuator becomes closed position from open position again, and emergency braking apparatus brakes mobile device.The configuration of the present invention is simple, the braking in both direction is realized in movement under the control of the control unit；The triggering and reset of safety tongs can be realized only with an actuator；Mode is triggered using speed triggering mode and acceleration simultaneously, avoids the dangerous situation that carriage operation out of control occurs during acceleration or deceleration for elevator, and response speed is more quickly and effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to elevators fields, particularly belong to a kind of elevator emergency brake system.
Background technique
In running process of elevator, it may occur that lift car falls or the accident of overspeed descending, at this moment generallys use
The means of safety tongs are coped with, and traditional safety tongs is generally by limiter of speed trigger action.Due to limiter of speed-tensioning wheel system
In the presence of the problems such as structure is complicated, it is big to occupy computer room space and is easy to produce noise, therefore occur that largely there is electromagnetism in recent years
The technical solution of the brake apparatus of actuator, this kind of brake apparatus can be realized under electric signal control from triggering, to cancel
Limiter of speed-tensioning wheel system.
For this brake apparatus using electromagnetic actuator, generally, when elevator operates normally, electromagnetic actuator
The active force of electromagnetic force and elastic element balances each other, so that keeping gap appropriate between braking member and guide rail；Work as electricity
Terraced carriage occurs falling or when overspeed descending, the electromagnetic force revocation of electromagnetic actuator, braking member under the action of elastic element
With guide rail contact and generate frictional force so that carriage retarding braking, when carriage restores normal operating conditions, safety tongs can
Easily to reset.
Patent CN101200259A discloses a kind of brake apparatus of the lift car in elevator brake equipment, elevator just
Often when operation, actuator overcomes the elastic force of main spring, so that braking member is disengaged with guide rail, its shortcoming is that main spring
Elastic force is generally large, this necessarily leads to the enlargement of actuator and the increase of cost.
Patent CN1701033B discloses a kind of emergency braking device of elevator, when elevator works normally, electromagnetism Tie Tong
Electricity generates the thrust that electromagnetic force overcomes elastic element, and wedge is held in position in, and in case of emergency, electromagnet is disconnected
Electricity, wedge under the promotion of elastic element with guide rail contact friction catch.The shortcomings that this device, is, in braking process, system
Dynamic component generally requires more than ten or even tens millimeters of movement, therefore the distance between electromagnet the two poles of the earth are too big after end of braking, very
Hardly possible is resetted using electromagnetic force.The patent also discloses another scheme, and driving portion pushes movable part, so that contact
Portion compresses guide rail, and the frictional force between contact portion and guide rail pushes wedge to move upwards and brake, its shortcoming is that the movement of wedge is not
It is to be directly driven by driving portion, but driven by a set of mechanism, this extends the response time of brake apparatus, installation space
Increase, and the braking being only able to achieve on single direction.
Patent CN103998363B discloses a kind of operator for elevator brake, it includes accumulator, keeps dress
It sets, resetting apparatus and at least one connecting element, when elevator operates normally, holding meanss make trigger mechanism be maintained at specific
State, holding meanss discharge when a triggering condition is met, and trigger mechanism acts under the action of accumulator so that braking member pressure
Tight guide rail braking, when end of braking carriage is restored to operate normally, resetting-mechanism movement makes trigger mechanism restore to work normally shape
State.The shortcomings that this structure, there are two actuator (i.e. holding meanss and resetting apparatus) in mechanism tool, and structure is complicated and cost
It is higher.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of elevator emergency brake systems, and both direction not only may be implemented
On braking, and use actuator quantity it is few and minimize.
In order to solve the above technical problems, emergency braking apparatus provided by the invention, including brake assemblies and emergency braking dress
Frame is set, the emergency braking apparatus is installed on the mobile device by the emergency braking apparatus frame；
The brake assemblies include actuator, the first assembly, the second assembly, at least a brake component, wherein described
One assembly and the second assembly are hinged by a rotary shaft, and the actuator is mounted on the first assembly and the second assembly
One end, the brake component are located at the other end of the first assembly and the second assembly；
After the actuator is triggered, actuator becomes open position from closed position, the emergency braking apparatus from
Normal operating condition becomes triggering state, and brake component and guide rail contact generate frictional force；
Between brake component and guide rail under the action of frictional force, the emergency braking apparatus becomes braking shape from triggering state
State, actuator become closed position from open position again, and emergency braking apparatus brakes mobile device.
In above-mentioned apparatus, the actuator includes electromagnet, electromagnet mounting base, first support bar, elastomer, elasticity
Housing, second support bar, wherein the electromagnet is fixed in electromagnet mounting base, the elastomer seat is fixed on the second support
On bar, one end of the elastomer is contacted with the elastomer seat, and the other end is contacted with the electromagnet mounting base, and described second
One end of support rod is fixedly connected with the top of second assembly, and the other end is under the collective effect of elastomer and electromagnet
It contacts or separates with the electromagnet；One end of the first support bar is fixedly connected with the electromagnet mounting base, the other end
It is fixedly connected with the top of first assembly.
In above-mentioned apparatus, the brake component of the brake assemblies includes a braked wheel and a friction member.
Wherein, the braked wheel is mounted on a brake axle and can rotate around the brake axle, the braked wheel
Braking surface and the friction member are opposite with the two sides of guide rail respectively；The lower part of first assembly and second assembly
Be elastic component, wherein the elastic component of the first assembly is fixedly connected with the brake axle, the elastic component of the second assembly with
The friction member is fixedly connected.
Wherein, the braked wheel has a retainer and five braking surfaces, wherein the first braking surface and the retainer phase
Right, third braking surface and the 5th braking surface are located at the two sides of the retainer, the first braking surface and third braking surface and the
It is connected respectively by the second braking surface and the 4th braking surface between five braking surfaces；The radius of turn R1 of the third braking surface and institute
The radius of turn R2 for stating the 5th braking surface is all larger than the radius of turn R0 of first braking surface, and the rotation of second braking surface
The radius of turn for turning radius and the 4th braking surface smoothly increases to R1 and R2 from R0 respectively.
Wherein, the braked wheel has a retainer and three braking surfaces, wherein the first braking surface and the retainer phase
Right, the second braking surface and third braking surface are located at the two sides of the first braking surface；The radius of turn R1 of second braking surface
The radius of turn R0 of the first braking surface, and the first braking surface and the second braking surface are all larger than with the radius of turn R2 of third braking surface
It is smoothly connected with third braking surface.
Further, the emergency braking apparatus further includes top block piece and lower barrier part, and the braked wheel stops
Dynamic portion in the braking state when limited by top block piece or lower barrier part.
In above-mentioned apparatus, first assembly includes the first elastic component, the first connecting piece and the first mounting base, described
Second assembly includes the second elastic component, the second connecting piece and the second mounting base, wherein the first connecting piece by the first elastic component and
First mounting base links together, and the second connecting piece links together the second elastic component and the second mounting base, first bullet
Property part is fixedly connected with brake axle, and second elastic component is fixedly connected with friction member, first connecting piece and second
It is hinged by rotary shaft to tie part, first mounting base is fixedly connected with first support bar, second mounting base and second
Strut is fixedly connected.
Wherein, first assembly includes the first mounting base and elastic component, and second assembly includes the second installation
Seat, wherein the first mounting base and the second mounting base are hinged by rotary shaft, the elastic component is fixedly mounted in the first mounting base
And friction member is fixedly mounted on elastic component, the second support bar is fixedly connected with the first mounting base, the first support bar
It is fixedly connected with the second mounting base, the braked wheel is fixedly mounted on brake axle, and the brake axle is rotatably mounted on
In two mounting bases and a reset spring is installed in rotation on brake axle, and the both ends of the reset spring are caught in a reset bullet
In spring block, the reset spring block is fixed in the second mounting base.
The present invention also provides a kind of elevator devices, including carriage, control unit, velocity sensor and/or acceleration sensing
Device, the emergency braking apparatus as described in above-mentioned any claim, in which:
Velocity sensor, for detecting the speed of carriage；
Acceleration transducer, for detecting the acceleration of carriage；
Control unit is believed according to the acceleration of the speed signal of velocity sensor acquisition and/or acceleration transducer acquisition
Number triggering emergency braking apparatus, according to reset instruction reset emergency braking apparatus.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) the configuration of the present invention is simple can act to realize the braking in both direction under the control of the control unit；
2) triggering and reset of safety tongs can be realized only with an actuator combination control device by the present invention；
3) present invention is occupied little space using the electromagnetic actuator of miniaturization, is saved cost；
4) present invention triggers mode using speed triggering mode and acceleration simultaneously, avoids elevator in acceleration or deceleration mistake
The dangerous situation of carriage operation out of control occurs in journey, and response speed is more quickly and effectively.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of elevator device；
Fig. 2 a is the structural schematic diagram of emergency braking apparatus；
Fig. 2 b is the structural schematic diagram of brake assemblies in emergency braking apparatus；
Fig. 2 c is the structural schematic diagram of braked wheel；
Fig. 3 is the front view of emergency braking apparatus when elevator operates normally；
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of emergency braking apparatus when elevator operates normally；
The original state front view of emergency braking apparatus when Fig. 5 is overspeed descending triggering；
The original state cross-sectional view of emergency braking apparatus when Fig. 6 is overspeed descending triggering；
The intermediate state front view of emergency braking apparatus when Fig. 7 is overspeed descending triggering；
The intermediate state cross-sectional view of emergency braking apparatus when Fig. 8 is overspeed descending triggering；
The final state front view of emergency braking apparatus when Fig. 9 is overspeed descending triggering；
The final state cross-sectional view of emergency braking apparatus when Figure 10 is overspeed descending triggering；
The intermediate state front view of emergency braking apparatus when Figure 11 is uplink hypervelocity triggering；
The final state front view of emergency braking apparatus when Figure 12 is uplink hypervelocity triggering；
Figure 13 is another embodiment of brake assemblies；
Figure 14 is another embodiment of braked wheel；
Figure 15 is the composition schematic diagram of the control device of emergency braking system；
Speed triggering schematic diagram when Figure 16 is uplink hypervelocity；
Acceleration triggering schematic diagram when Figure 17 is uplink hypervelocity；
Figure 18 is the Contrast on effect schematic diagram of speed triggering and acceleration triggering.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1 is carriage；1a, 1b are guide part；
2 be guide rail；
3 be emergency braking apparatus；
10 be elevator；
20 be operation channel；
30 be brake assemblies；
31 be braked wheel；31a is rotation center；31b is the first braking surface；31c is the second braking surface；31d is third system
Dynamic face；31e is the 4th braking surface；31f is the 5th braking surface；31g is retainer；R0 is the radius of turn of the first braking surface；R1
For the radius of turn of third braking surface；R2 is the radius of turn of the 5th braking surface；
32 be emergency braking apparatus frame；32a is top block piece；32b is lower barrier part；
35 be brake axle；
36a, 36b, 36c are fastener；37 be reset spring；38 be reset spring block；
41 be the first assembly；41a is the first elastic component；41b is the first connecting piece；41c is the first mounting base；
42 be the second assembly；42a is the second elastic component；42b is the second connecting piece；42c is the second mounting base；
45 be rotary shaft；46 be mounting base；47 be mounting base；48 be elastic component；
50a is electromagnet mounting base；50b is mounting plate；50c is first support bar；
51 be electromagnet；
52a is the first fastener；52b is the second fastener；
61 be friction member；
62 be elastomer seat；
63 be elastomer；
64 be second support bar；
70 be actuator；
101 be velocity sensor；102 be acceleration transducer；103 be transmission unit；110 be control unit；
S1 is the first gap；S2 is the second gap；D is third space；Vn is normal speed；Vtrip is threshold value.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
With the elevator 10 of emergency braking system in the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, including carriage 1, control unit 110, speed
Sensor 101 and/or acceleration transducer 102, emergency braking apparatus 3, are fixedly installed T in the operation channel 20 of carriage 1
The guide rail 2 of type, carriage 1 are movably set in guide rail 2 and can run along about 2 guide rail.Distinguish the upper and lower part of carriage 1
It is provided with guide part 1a and 1b.
As shown in Figure 2 a, emergency braking apparatus 3 includes brake assemblies 30, emergency braking apparatus frame 32, top block piece
32a and lower barrier part 32b, emergency braking apparatus 3 install the movement on the mobile device by emergency braking apparatus frame 32
Device can be by the carriage 1 of the guiding operation of guide rail 2, counterweight, the devices such as vehicle, in the present embodiment by taking carriage 1 as an example into
Row explanation.
Fig. 2 b show a kind of structural schematic diagram of brake assemblies 30, including actuator 70,41, second groups of the first assembly
Fit 42, at least one brake component.
Wherein, actuator 70 includes electromagnet mounting base 50a, mounting plate 50b, first support bar 50c, electromagnet 51, the
One fastener 52a and the second fastener 52b, elastomer seat 62, elastomer 63, second support bar 64, as shown in Figure 4.
First elastic component 41a, the first connecting piece 41b and the first mounting base 41c three are fixedly connected to form the first assembly
41, the first assembly 41 can be rotated around rotary shaft 45, while the second elastic component 42a, the second connecting piece 42b and the second mounting base
42c three is fixedly connected to form the second assembly 42, and the second assembly 42 can also be rotated around rotary shaft 45.
Electromagnet mounting base 50a, mounting plate 50b and first support bar 50c three are permanently connected, wherein the first support
Bar 50c is fixedly connected with the first mounting base 41c by the first fastener 52a.Second mounting base 42c passes through with second support bar 64
Second fastener 52b is fixedly connected, and elastomer seat 62 is connect with second support bar 64, one end of elastomer 63 and elastomer seat 62
Contact, the other end are contacted with electromagnet mounting base 50a, and electromagnet 51 and electromagnet mounting base 50a are permanently connected (referring to figure
4)。
Brake component includes a braked wheel 31 and a friction member 61, and wherein braked wheel 31 is located on the first assembly 41, friction
Part 61 is located on the second assembly 42, and friction member 61 is fixedly mounted in a side on the second elastic component 42a and with guide rail 2
Relatively, the braking surface of braked wheel 31 is opposite with another side of guide rail 2.Braked wheel 31 is mounted on brake axle 35 and can be around
Brake axle 35 rotates, and brake axle 35 is fixedly mounted on the first elastic component 41a by fastener 36a, 36b and 36c.
Fig. 2 c show a kind of structural schematic diagram of braked wheel 31, and wherein 31a is the rotation center of braked wheel 31, braked wheel
31 include a five braking surface 31b~31f and retainer 31g.The radius of turn of first braking surface 31b is R0, third braking
The initial rotation radius of face 31d is R1, and the initial rotation radius of the 5th braking surface 31f is R2, and R1 > R0, R2 > R0.First system
It is smoothly connected between dynamic face 31b and third braking surface 31d by the second braking surface 31c, i.e., radius of turn increases to R1's from R0
It seamlessly transits, while being smoothly connected between the first braking surface 31b and the 5th braking surface 31f by the 4th braking surface 31e in the process,
I.e. radius of turn seamlessly transits during increasing to R2 from R0.The retainer 31g of braked wheel 31 is a protrusion.
When the carriage 1 of elevator 10 is in normal operating condition, emergency braking apparatus is in normal operating condition, electromagnet
51 contact with second support bar 64, and generate interaction force, and actuator 70 is in closed state at this time, as shown in figure 4, the work
Firmly overcome the elastic force of elastomer 63, so that the first certain gap s1 is kept between friction member 61 and a side of guide rail 2,
The second certain gap s2 is kept between braked wheel 31 and another side of guide rail 2, as shown in Figure 3.
When the speed or acceleration that carriage 10 is run down are more than the threshold value of setting, then the system of emergency braking apparatus 3 is triggered
Dynamic, emergency braking apparatus becomes triggering state from normal operating condition, as shown in fig. 6,51 power loss of electromagnet, in elastomer 63
Elastic force pushes lower second support bar 64 to separate with electromagnet 51.There are third space d between electromagnet 51 and second support bar 64,
Actuator 70 is in the open state, as shown in Figure 5.The second combination during actuator 70 is from closed state to opening state
Body 42 rotates counterclockwise around rotary shaft 45, so that friction member 61 is contacted with the side of guide rail 2；First assembly 41 is around rotary shaft 45
It rotates clockwise, so that braked wheel 31 is contacted with another side of guide rail 2, as shown in Figure 5.The elastic force of elastomer 63 to rub
It wipes part 61 and braked wheel 31 compresses guide rail 2 simultaneously, since relative motion, braked wheel occurring between emergency braking apparatus 3 and guide rail 2
Frictional force between 31 and guide rail 2 rotates braked wheel 31.
The intermediate state that emergency braking apparatus is triggered in overspeed descending, as shown in fig. 7, work of the braked wheel 31 in frictional force
It is rotated clockwise under, due to radius of turn of the radius of turn than the first braking surface 31b of the 4th braking surface 31e of braked wheel 31
Greatly, therefore in the rotary course of braked wheel 31 it will push the first assembly 41 and rotated counterclockwise around rotary shaft 45, until electromagnetism
Iron 51 contacts with second support bar 64 and generates interaction force, and actuator 70 is converted to closed state by opening state at this time,
In this course, emergency braking apparatus becomes intermediate state from triggering state, as shown in figure 8, at this time the first assembly 41 with
Second assembly 42 can not be rotated further around rotary shaft 45, and braked wheel 31 under the action of frictional force by further coiling
Driving wheel axis 35 rotates.
Fig. 9 and Figure 10 show on-position of the emergency braking apparatus after overspeed descending is triggered, from Fig. 7 state to figure
During 9 states, braked wheel 31 continues to rotate clockwise, and electromagnet 51 continues to keep with second support bar 64 in the process
Contact, the first assembly 41 and the second assembly 42 can not be rotated further around rotary shaft 45, due to braking in rotary course
The radius of turn of 4th braking surface 31e of wheel 31 still is continuing to increase, so that the first elastic component 41a and the second elastic component 42a hair
The elastic force that raw flexible deformation, the first elastic component 41a and the second elastic component 42a are generated keeps friction member 61 and braked wheel 31 further
Guide rail 2 is compressed, to generate bigger frictional force.In state shown in Fig. 9, the 5th braking surface 31f and guide rail 2 of braked wheel 31
Side contact, and the retainer 31g of braked wheel 31 can not be further rotated by the blocking of lower barrier part 32b.In this mistake
Desired flexible deformation occurs for Cheng Zhong, the first elastomer 41a and the second elastomer 42a.Friction member 61 and braked wheel 31 are first
The elastic force of elastic component 41a and the second elastic component 42a act on lower compression guide rail 2 and generate brake force, and the brake force is by promptly making
Dynamic device frame 32 is transmitted to carriage 1, to realize the braking deceleration to carriage 1.
When end of braking needs to restore the normal operating condition of carriage 1, electromagnet 51 is powered, and the electromagnetism generated is made every effort to overcome
The elastic force of elastomer 63 is taken, actuator 70 still maintains closed state at this time.1 inverted running of carriage, braked wheel 31 are rubbing simultaneously
Wipe and start rotation counterclockwise under the action of power, to be disengaged with guide rail 2, in this course, brake assemblies 30 it is whole around
Rotary shaft 45 rotates, and friction member 61 is also separated with guide rail 2, and emergency braking apparatus is restored to normal operating condition from on-position,
Carriage 1 can be operated normally.
When the speed or acceleration that carriage 10 is run up are more than the threshold value of setting, then the system of emergency braking apparatus 3 is triggered
It is dynamic, in the initial time that emergency braking apparatus is triggered, 51 power loss of electromagnet, the second support in the case where the elastic force of elastomer 63 pushes
Bar 64 is separated with electromagnet 51, forms third space d between the two, actuator 70 is in the open state at this time.In this process
In, the second assembly 42 rotates counterclockwise around rotary shaft 45, so that friction member 61 is contacted with the side of guide rail 2；First assembly
41 rotate clockwise around rotary shaft 45, so that braked wheel 31 is contacted with another side of guide rail 2, emergency braking apparatus is from normal
Running state conversion is triggering state.The elastic force of elastomer 63 makes friction member 61 and braked wheel 31 while compressing guide rail 2, due to
Relative motion occurs between emergency braking apparatus 3 and guide rail 2, the frictional force between braked wheel 31 and guide rail 2 makes braked wheel 31
It rotates.
In the intermediate state that emergency braking apparatus uplink hypervelocity is triggered, as shown in figure 11, braked wheel 31 is in frictional force
The lower rotation counterclockwise of effect, due to rotation of the radius of turn than the first braking surface 31b half of the second braking surface 31c of braked wheel 31
Diameter is big, therefore will push the first assembly 41 in the rotary course of braked wheel 31 and rotate counterclockwise around rotary shaft 45, until electricity
Magnet 51 is contacted with second support bar 64, and actuator 70 is converted to closed state from opening state at this time, emergency braking apparatus from
Triggering state becomes intermediate state, as shown in figure 8, the first assembly 41 and the second assembly 42 can not be further around rotations at this time
Shaft 45 rotates, and braked wheel 31 will rotate under the action of frictional force further around brake axle 35.
Figure 12 and Figure 10 show emergency braking apparatus uplink hypervelocity be triggered after on-position, from Figure 11 state to
During Figure 12 state, braked wheel 31 continues to rotate counterclockwise, and electromagnet 51 and second support bar 64 continue in the process
It is kept in contact, actuator 70 is kept closed.First assembly 41 and the second assembly 42 can not be further around rotary shafts 45
Rotation, since the radius of turn of the second braking surface 31c of braked wheel 31 in rotary course still is continuing to increase, so that the first bullet
Property part 41a and the second elastic component 42a occur flexible deformation.The elastic force that first elastic component 41a and the second elastic component 42a is generated makes
Friction member 61 and braked wheel 31 further compress guide rail 2, to generate bigger frictional force.In the state shown in Figure 12, braking
The third braking surface 31d of wheel 31 is contacted with 2 side of guide rail, and resistance of the retainer 31g of braked wheel 31 by top block piece 32a
Gear can not further rotate.In this course, desired flexible deformation occurs for the first elastomer 41a and the second elastomer 42a.
At this point, braked wheel 31 is rotated in place, the elastic force of friction member 61 and braked wheel 31 in the first elastic component 41a and the second elastic component 42a
It acts on lower compression guide rail 2 and generates brake force, which is transmitted to carriage 1 by emergency braking apparatus frame 32, thus real
Now to the braking deceleration of carriage 1.
Figure 13 show another implementation of brake assemblies 30, and mounting base 46 and mounting base 47 can be around rotary shafts 45
Rotation, elastic component 48 are fixedly mounted in mounting base 46.Electromagnet mounting base 50a, mounting plate 50b and first support bar
50c three is permanently connected, and wherein first support bar 50c is fixedly connected with mounting base 47.Mounting base 46 and second support bar 64
Be fixedly connected, elastomer seat 62 is connect with second support bar 64, and one end of elastomer 63 is contacted with elastomer seat 62, the other end with
Electromagnet mounting base 50a contact, electromagnet 51 are permanently connected with electromagnet mounting base 50a.Friction member 61 is fixedly mounted in
A side on elastic component 48 and with guide rail 2 is opposite, and the braking surface of braked wheel 31 and another side of guide rail 2 are opposite.System
Driving wheel 31 is fixedly mounted on brake axle 35, and brake axle 35 is rotationally mounted in mounting base 47, and reset spring 37 can
It is rotated around brake axle 35, the both ends of reset spring 37 are caught in reset spring block 38.When emergency braking apparatus be in it is non-just
When normal operating status, reset spring 37 can generate reset force, which has so that braked wheel 31 returns to normal operating conditions
Trend.
Figure 14 show another structural schematic diagram of braked wheel 31, and wherein 31a is the rotation center of braked wheel 31, braking
Wheel 31 includes three braking surfaces 31b, 31d and 31f and a retainer 31g.The radius of turn of braking surface 31b is R0, braking surface
The radius of turn of 31d is R1, and the radius of turn of braking surface 31f is R2, and R1 > R0, R2 > R0.Each braking surface is smoothly connected, that is, is revolved
It is seamlessly transitted during turning radius and increasing to R1 from R0, the retainer 31g of braked wheel 31 is a protrusion.
Figure 15 show the control system composition schematic diagram of emergency braking apparatus, and velocity sensor 101 is for detecting carriage 1
Speed, acceleration transducer 102 is used to detect 1 acceleration of carriage, speed signal and acceleration signal single by transmission
Member 103 is transferred to control unit 110, and control unit 110 judges the speed of carriage 1 and/or whether acceleration is more than to preset
Threshold value, if it exceeds threshold value then issue control signal cut electromagnet 51 power supply, to trigger emergency braking apparatus.
Figure 16 show the speed triggering schematic diagram of legacy upstream overspeed protective device, and ascending for elevator operational process can divide
Are as follows:
Uplink accelerates, and the speed of carriage 1 is from zero acceleration to elevator specified speed of service Vn in this stage；
Stage carriage 1 is traveled at the uniform speed in uplink with normal speed Vn operation；
The speed of service of decelerating phase carriage 1 decelerates to zero from specified speed of service Vn.
Traditional protection device for over-speed ascending is triggered using speed, that is, when the speed of service of carriage 1 is more than the threshold of setting
When value Vtrip, protection device for over-speed ascending trigger action.The drawbacks of this triggering mode, is to be in acceleration or deceleration when elevator
When the stage, if the acceleration uplink out of control of carriage 1, elevator is in the hole at this time, but speed shown in figure 15 triggers
Mode cannot make an immediate response, when the speed for continueing to carriage 1 is more than Vtrip by this precarious position, protection device for over-speed ascending
It could trigger.
Figure 17 show operation accelerating curve and acceleration triggering curve when ascending for elevator, runs in 1 uplink of carriage
Three phases (i.e. uplink boost phase, uplink travel at the uniform speed stage and uplink slowed-down stage) acceleration trigger value it is high
In the acceleration value that elevator operates normally, once carriage 1, acceleration value is more than to touch if acceleration triggers curve in uplink operation
Emergency braking apparatus 3 is sent out, retarding braking is carried out to carriage 1.The case where elevator overspeed descending, is identical as aforementioned uplink, therefore no longer superfluous
It states.
Figure 18 is that acceleration triggering and speed triggering are compared in reply elevator acceleration stage braking effect out of control.Assuming that
Carriage 1 is out of control in the generation of uplink boost phase, if triggered using speed, the speed of carriage 1 will continue to increase to triggering speed
Vtrip is spent, emergency braking apparatus 3 could trigger braking, be Figure 16 intermediate cam shape from the displacement out of control occurred to stop of carriage 1
The area of 0BD.If triggered using acceleration, when the acceleration of carriage 1 is more than triggering acceleration curve, emergency braking apparatus 3
It brakes immediately, the area that the displacement that carriage 1 occurs in this course is Figure 18 intermediate cam shape 0AC.Apparent acceleration touching
Hair braking has apparent advantage in this case, particularly, when triggering speed vtrip is bigger, acceleration triggering
Advantage is particularly evident.
The present invention has been described in detail through specific embodiments, which is only of the invention preferable
Embodiment, the present invention is not limited to embodiments discussed above.The obvious transformation or substitution enlightened based on the present invention
It should also be as being considered in technology scope of the invention.Above specific embodiment is used to disclose best implementation of the invention
Method, so that those skilled in the art can come using numerous embodiments of the invention and a variety of alternatives
Reach the purpose of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of emergency braking apparatus, which is characterized in that including brake assemblies and emergency braking apparatus frame, the emergency braking
Device is installed on the mobile device by the emergency braking apparatus frame；
The brake assemblies include actuator, the first assembly, the second assembly, at least a brake component, wherein described first group
Fit and the second assembly is hinged by a rotary shaft, and the actuator is mounted on the one of the first assembly and the second assembly
End, the brake component are located at the other end of the first assembly and the second assembly；
After the actuator is triggered, actuator becomes open position from closed position, and the emergency braking apparatus is from normal
Operating status becomes triggering state, and brake component and guide rail contact generate frictional force；
Between brake component and guide rail under the action of frictional force, the emergency braking apparatus becomes on-position from triggering state,
Actuator becomes closed position from open position again, and emergency braking apparatus brakes mobile device.
2. emergency braking apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the actuator includes electromagnet, electromagnet
Mounting base, first support bar, elastomer, elastomer seat, second support bar, wherein the electromagnet is fixed on electromagnet mounting base
On, the elastomer seat is fixed in second support bar, and one end of the elastomer is contacted with the elastomer seat, the other end with
The electromagnet mounting base contact, one end of the second support bar is fixedly connected with the top of second assembly, another
End contacts or separates with the electromagnet under the collective effect of elastomer and electromagnet；One end of the first support bar and institute
It states electromagnet mounting base to be fixedly connected, the other end is fixedly connected with the top of first assembly.
3. emergency braking apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the brake component of the brake assemblies includes a system
Driving wheel and a friction member.
4. emergency braking apparatus according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the braked wheel is mounted on a brake axle
And can be rotated around the brake axle, the braking surface of the braked wheel and the friction member are opposite with the two sides of guide rail respectively；
The lower part of first assembly and second assembly is elastic component, wherein the elastic component of the first assembly and the system
Driving wheel axis is fixedly connected, and the elastic component of the second assembly is fixedly connected with the friction member.
5. emergency braking apparatus according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the braked wheel has a retainer and five
Braking surface, wherein the first braking surface is opposite with the retainer, third braking surface and the 5th braking surface are located at the stop
The two sides in portion pass through the second braking surface and the 4th braking surface respectively between the first braking surface and third braking surface and the 5th braking surface
Connection；The radius of turn R2 of the radius of turn R1 of the third braking surface and the 5th braking surface is all larger than first braking
The radius of turn R0 in face, and the radius of turn of second braking surface and the radius of turn of the 4th braking surface are flat from R0 respectively
Cunning increases to R1 and R2.
6. emergency braking apparatus according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the braked wheel has a retainer and three
Braking surface, wherein the first braking surface is opposite with the retainer, the second braking surface and third braking surface are located at the first braking
The two sides in face；The radius of turn R1 of second braking surface and the radius of turn R2 of third braking surface are all larger than the first braking surface
Radius of turn R0, and the first braking surface is smoothly connected with the second braking surface and third braking surface.
7. emergency braking apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that on the emergency braking apparatus further includes
Portion's block piece and lower barrier part, the retainer of the braked wheel in the braking state when limited by top block piece or lower barrier part
System.
8. emergency braking apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first assembly includes the first elasticity
Part, the first connecting piece and the first mounting base, second assembly include the second elastic component, the second connecting piece and the second installation
Seat, wherein the first connecting piece links together the first elastic component and the first mounting base, the second connecting piece by the second elastic component and
Second mounting base links together, and first elastic component is fixedly connected with brake axle, second elastic component and friction member
It is fixedly connected, first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are hinged by rotary shaft, first mounting base and first support bar
It is fixedly connected, second mounting base is fixedly connected with second support bar.
9. emergency braking apparatus according to claim 3, which is characterized in that first assembly includes the first mounting base
And elastic component, second assembly include the second mounting base, wherein the first mounting base and the second mounting base are cut with scissors by rotary shaft
It connects, the elastic component is fixedly mounted in the first mounting base and friction member is fixedly mounted on elastic component, the second support bar
It is fixedly connected with the first mounting base, the first support bar is fixedly connected with the second mounting base, and the braked wheel is fixedly mounted on
On brake axle, the brake axle is rotatably mounted in the second mounting base and a reset spring is installed in rotation on braked wheel
On axis, the both ends of the reset spring are caught in a reset spring block, and the reset spring block is fixed on the second mounting base
On.
10. a kind of elevator device, which is characterized in that including carriage, control unit, velocity sensor and/or acceleration transducer,
Emergency braking apparatus as described in above-mentioned any claim, in which:
Velocity sensor, for detecting the speed of carriage；
Acceleration transducer, for detecting the acceleration of carriage；
Control unit is touched according to the acceleration signal of the speed signal of velocity sensor acquisition and/or acceleration transducer acquisition
Emergency braking apparatus is sent out, emergency braking apparatus is resetted according to reset instruction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711101328.2A CN109775508B (en) | 2017-11-10 | 2017-11-10 | Emergency braking device and elevator system with same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711101328.2A CN109775508B (en) | 2017-11-10 | 2017-11-10 | Emergency braking device and elevator system with same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109775508A true CN109775508A (en) | 2019-05-21 |
| CN109775508B CN109775508B (en) | 2020-07-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711101328.2A Active CN109775508B (en) | 2017-11-10 | 2017-11-10 | Emergency braking device and elevator system with same |
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| CN112870581A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-01 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Novel anti-falling device |
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|---|---|
| CN109775508B (en) | 2020-07-14 |
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