CN109764982A - A kind of wireless piezoelectric sensor for Piezoelectric Impedance method monitoring structural health conditions - Google Patents
A kind of wireless piezoelectric sensor for Piezoelectric Impedance method monitoring structural health conditions Download PDFInfo
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- CN109764982A CN109764982A CN201910160196.3A CN201910160196A CN109764982A CN 109764982 A CN109764982 A CN 109764982A CN 201910160196 A CN201910160196 A CN 201910160196A CN 109764982 A CN109764982 A CN 109764982A
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- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of wireless piezoelectric sensor for Piezoelectric Impedance method monitoring structural health conditions, circuit board and PZT sensor are provided on packaging system；Impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module is integrated to be connect on circuit boards and with PZT sensor, for driving PZT sensor to be monitored；First communication module is integrated to be connect on circuit boards and with impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module, is used for transmission data and instruction；And first transmit data and instruction using the mode for being wirelessly connected communication between communication module and the second communication module；Second communication module has USB interface, for connecting computer.The frequency range of impedance bioelectrical measurement of the invention is 1-100kHz, frequency resolution 0.1Hz, and signal transmission distance can achieve 800 meters.Application of the invention will greatly improve Piezoelectric Impedance Technology and monitor the convenience in applying at the scene, reduce the application difficulty and site workload of this technology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Piezoelectric Impedance method structural health monitoring technology fields, and in particular to one kind is used for Piezoelectric Impedance method knot
The wireless piezoelectric sensor of structure health monitoring.
Background technique
Piezoelectric Impedance method structural health monitoring technology is a kind of monitoring structural health conditions side that the new development of twentieth century end is got up
Method.Compared with traditional global damage detection technology based on model analysis, the working frequency of Piezoelectric Impedance Technology is higher, generally
It is small thus very sensitive to the initial microlesion of structure in the fluctuation signal wavelength of inside configuration excitation in 30 kHz or more,
With very high detection sensitivity.This method independent of model analysis, for large and complex structure, without Accurate Model
In the case of the qualitative detection of damage can be realized, it is difficult to avoid oscillometry bring.Used lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric pottery
Porcelain (piezoelectric ceramic, PZT) sensor have high sensitivity, reaction speed is fast, long-time stability are good, linear
The advantages that range is big can use simultaneously as driver and sensor, be extremely suitable for the on-line monitoring of large and complex structure.
PZT sensor mass is light simultaneously, and the influence to main structure working performance is smaller, can be pasted on existing structure surface or embedment
Health monitoring is carried out inside newly-built structure.Currently, Piezoelectric Impedance Technology has been successfully applied to aerospace, precision machinery, soil
The multiple fields such as Wood construction have broad application prospects in structure fatigue damage study on monitoring.
Currently, the PZT sensor for being applied to Piezoelectric Impedance method monitoring structural health conditions scene is to adopt to be wired to mostly
Impedance measuring equipment for large scale structure and is needed to form the occasion that sensor network is monitored using multiple sensors, be needed
A large amount of conducting wire is used, the length of solid conductor is likely to be breached tens meters, between conducting wire and monitoring object main structure inevitably
It will appear interference, be self-possessed since conducting wire exists, the solder joint when being monitored for a long time between conducting wire and PZT sensor is easy
Existing desoldering needs to arrive sensor placement location again and carries out conducting wire welding.Equipment for carrying out impedance measurement is commercial impedance
Analyzer, the equipment price is expensive, and equipment is heavy, is not easy to the long-time service of monitoring field.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of wireless piezoelectrics for Piezoelectric Impedance method monitoring structural health conditions
Sensor completes the impedance bioelectrical measurement of PZT sensor using impedance measurement chip, is sent out measurement result using wireless transmission chip
It is sent to teledata and receives system, data analysis is finally completed on the computer of monitor terminal.The present invention solves piezoresistance
Anti- monitoring technology lacks the problem of wireless sensor and the anti-measurement scheme of field resistance, is the technology in large scale structure long term monitoring
The application of aspect provides technological means.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of wireless piezoelectric sensor for Piezoelectric Impedance method monitoring structural health conditions, comprising:
Packaging system is provided with circuit board and PZT sensor on the packaging system；
Impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module, the impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module are integrated on the circuit board and pass with the PZT
Sensor connection, for driving the PZT sensor to be monitored；
First communication module, first communication module be integrated on the circuit board and with the impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module
Connection, is used for transmission data and instruction；And
Second communication module is passed between first communication module and second communication module using the mode for being wirelessly connected communication
Transmission of data and instruction；Second communication module has USB interface, for connecting computer.
Optionally, the packaging system further include: sensor outer housing, battery case, permanent magnet, compresses bullet at circuit board housing
Spring and support mandrel, wherein
The bottom of the sensor outer housing, which is inlayed, is provided with the PZT sensor, the top of the sensor outer housing and the electricity
Road plate shell is fixedly connected, and the circuit board housing is for being arranged the circuit board；
The sensor outer housing is internally provided with the permanent magnet, for enhancing the sensor outer housing and monitored object
Binding force；The permanent magnet is hollow structure and forms the space for accommodating object；
The support mandrel is set in the space, has been arranged radially protrusion along the support mandrel, the holddown spring is set
It is placed in the protrusion above and with the PZT sensor to abut, for enhancing the combination of the PZT sensor and monitored object
Power；
Resistance measurement drive module is connect with the PZT sensor using conducting wire, and two conducting wires pass through the space and institute
State the connection of PZT sensor.
Optionally, further includes: power module, the power module include: two power management chips, diode, electricity
Sense, multiple resistance and multiple capacitors.
Optionally, the impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module includes: impedance bioelectrical measurement chip, operation amplifier chip, crystal oscillator, electricity
Sense, multiple resistance and multiple capacitors.
Optionally, first communication module include: transponder chip, it is power amplifier chip, antenna, multiple crystal oscillators, more
A inductance, multiple resistance and multiple capacitors.
Optionally, second communication module includes: that transponder chip, power amplifier chip, USB turn serial port chip, more
A crystal oscillator, antenna, USB joint, multiple inductance, multiple resistance and multiple capacitors.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of monitoring method using wireless piezoelectric sensor, packets
It includes:
PZT sensor is pasted into position to be monitored using seccotine, is connect circuit board with PZT sensor using conducting wire, it will
The bottom of sensor outer housing is bonded to position to be detected after smearing seccotine, while abuts holddown spring with PZT sensor；
Power on, starts operating circuit, impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module driving PZT sensor is monitored, and be will test and obtained
The data taken are sent to the second communication module by the first communication module；
Data are sent to computer through serial ports and are shown and stored by the second communication module.
Optionally, first communication module and second communication module are both-way communication, second communication module
It sends and instructs to first communication module, be monitored.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
After sensor is encapsulated into position to be monitored, do not need to connect by conducting wire between PZT sensor and impedance bioelectrical measurement equipment,
The wireless transmission of electrical impedance signal measurement may be implemented, while circuit board has been internally integrated impedance bioelectrical measurement chip, it can be simultaneously
It realizes impedance bioelectrical measurement function, does not need using commercial impedance analyzer.The frequency range of impedance bioelectrical measurement of the invention is 1-
100kHz, frequency resolution 0.1Hz, signal transmission distance can achieve 800 meters.Application of the invention will greatly improve piezoresistance
Anti- technology monitors the convenience in application at the scene, reduces the application difficulty and site workload of this technology.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module circuit diagram of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the first communication module circuit diagram A of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the first communication module circuit diagram B of the invention.
Fig. 5 is power module circuitry schematic diagram A of the invention.
Fig. 6 is power module circuitry schematic diagram B of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the second communication module circuit diagram A of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the second communication module circuit diagram B of the invention.
Fig. 9 is the second communication module circuit diagram C of the invention.
Wherein, 1, PZT sensor, 2, sensor outer housing, 3, circuit board housing, 4, battery case, 5, permanent magnet, 6, compression bullet
Spring, 7, support mandrel, 8, conducting wire.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention, combined with specific embodiments below to this
Invention is described in further detail.It note that the embodiments described below is exemplary, for explaining only the invention, and
It is not considered as limiting the invention.Particular technique or condition are not specified in embodiment, according to the literature in the art institute
The technology or conditions of description are carried out according to product description.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer, being can
With conventional products that are commercially available.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of for the wireless of Piezoelectric Impedance method monitoring structural health conditions
Piezoelectric transducer, comprising: packaging system is provided with circuit board and PZT sensor on the packaging system；Impedance bioelectrical measurement driving
Module, the impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module is integrated on the circuit board and connect with the PZT sensor, for driving
PZT sensor is stated to be monitored；First communication module, first communication module be integrated on the circuit board and with the electricity
The connection of impedance measurement drive module, is used for transmission data and instruction；And second communication module, first communication module and institute
It states the mode for using wireless connection to communicate between the second communication module and transmits data and instruction；Second communication module has USB
Interface, for connecting computer.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention, as shown, the encapsulation
Device further include: sensor outer housing, circuit board housing, battery case, permanent magnet, holddown spring and support mandrel, wherein the biography
The bottom of sensor shell, which is inlayed, is provided with the PZT sensor, and the top of the sensor outer housing and the circuit board housing are solid
Fixed connection, the circuit board housing is for being arranged the circuit board；The sensor outer housing is internally provided with the permanent magnet,
For enhancing the binding force of the sensor outer housing Yu monitored object；The permanent magnet is hollow structure and forms receiving object
Space；The support mandrel is set in the space, has been arranged radially protrusion, the holddown spring along the support mandrel
It is set to the protrusion above and with the PZT sensor to abut, for enhancing the combination of the PZT sensor and monitored object
Power；Resistance measurement drive module is connect with the PZT sensor using conducting wire, two conducting wires pass through the space with it is described
The connection of PZT sensor.
In use, PZT sensor is pasted in monitored metal structure by seccotine, outside sensor outer housing, circuit board
Shell and support mandrel are all made of polytetrafluoroethylene material manufacture, and sensor outer housing bottom surface pastes monitored gold using seccotine
Belong in structure, circuit board housing bottom surface is pasted together with sensor outer housing upper surface by seccotine, in circuit board housing
Circuit board is placed in portion, and battery inside places the series connection of 2 section 1.5V batteries and is used as system power supply, and permanent magnet selects NdFeB material system
At sensor outer housing is adsorbed onto detected steel component surface by magnetic force, further enhances sensor outer housing and monitored
Binding force between structure, the effect of holddown spring are the binding forces further enhanced between PZT sensor and monitored structure,
Quantity can be set according to the size selection of PZT sensor, support mandrel is for being fixed and clamped spring position, and the one of 2 conducting wires
End is separately connected the anode and cathode of PZT sensor, the other end respectively with the port ROUT of impedance bioelectrical measurement modular circuit and RIN
Port connection.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the invention also includes power module, Fig. 5 is power module electricity of the invention
Road schematic diagram A.Fig. 6 is power module circuitry schematic diagram B of the invention.As shown, the power module includes: two power supplys
Managing chip, diode, inductance, multiple resistance and multiple capacitors.Specifically, the power module is by power management chip U8
And U9, diode D1, inductance L18, resistance R25-R26, capacitor C59-C66 composition, the wherein type of the model MAX858, U9 of U8
Number be LM117, the model 1N5817 of D1.Resistance R25 is connected by port VIN with anode in battery case, and battery is negative
Pole is connected with GND current potential.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2 is impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module circuit diagram of the invention.Such as figure
Shown, the impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module includes: impedance bioelectrical measurement chip, operation amplifier chip, crystal oscillator, inductance, Duo Ge electricity
Resistance and multiple capacitors.Specifically, the impedance bioelectrical measurement module is by impedance bioelectrical measurement chip U1, operation amplifier chip U2, it is brilliant
Shake Y1, inductance L1, resistance R1-R7, capacitor C1-C6 composition, wherein the model AD820 of the model AD5933, U2 of U1.It is described
The connection type of element is as shown in Figure 2.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, first communication module include: transponder chip, power amplifier chip,
Antenna, multiple crystal oscillators, multiple inductance, multiple resistance and multiple capacitors.Fig. 3 is the first communication module circuit diagram of the invention
A.Fig. 4 is the first communication module circuit diagram B of the invention.As shown, the first communication module is by transponder chip U3, function
Rate amplification chip U4, crystal oscillator Y2, Y3, antenna E1, inductance L2-L9, resistance R8-R12, capacitor C7-C31 composition, the wherein type of U3
Number be CC2530, the model CC2591 of U4.The pin 5 and 6 of chip U3 passes through port SDA and SCL and impedance bioelectrical measurement respectively
The pin 15 of module U1 chip is connected with 16, and the pin 7 and 8 of chip U3 passes through port P1.3 and P1.2 and power module respectively
The pin 1 of U8 chip is connected with 4.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, second communication module include: transponder chip, power amplifier chip,
USB turns serial port chip, multiple crystal oscillators, antenna, USB joint, multiple inductance, multiple resistance and multiple capacitors.Fig. 7 is of the invention
Second communication module circuit diagram A.Fig. 8 is the second communication module circuit diagram B of the invention.Fig. 9 is of the invention the
Two communication modular circuit schematic diagram C.As shown, the second communication module is by transponder chip U5, power amplifier chip U6, USB
Turn serial port chip U7, crystal oscillator Y4-Y6, antenna E2, USB joint J1, inductance L10-L17, resistance R13-R24, capacitor C32-C58 group
At the wherein model CP2102 of the model CC2591, U7 of the model CC2530, U6 of U5.The pin 16 and 17 of chip U5
It is separately connected with the pin 5 and 1 of chip U7, data reception module is connected by the USB interface of connector J1 and computer.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of monitoring methods of wireless piezoelectric sensor, including with
Lower step:
PZT sensor is pasted into position to be monitored using seccotine, is connect circuit board with PZT sensor using conducting wire, it will
The bottom of sensor outer housing is bonded to position to be detected after smearing seccotine, while abuts holddown spring with PZT sensor；
Power on, starts operating circuit, impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module driving PZT sensor is monitored, and be will test and obtained
The data taken are sent to the second communication module by the first communication module；
Data are sent to computer through serial ports and are shown and stored by the second communication module.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, first communication module and second communication module are both-way communication,
When needing to carry out electrical impedance signal measurement, second communication module sends to first communication module and instructs, and is supervised
It surveys.
Embodiment 1
PZT sensor is pasted near sites to be monitored using seccotine, just with PZT sensor by the lower end of 2 conducting wires
Cathode is respectively welded together；
PZT sensor is packaged according to shown in Fig. 1,2 section 1.5V dry cells are installed in battery case, circuit board is installed to
In circuit board housing, by the upper end of conducting wire together with welding circuit board, later with seccotine by circuit board housing and sensor
Shell is bonded together, and permanent magnet and holddown spring are fixed to inside sensor outer housing, by conducting wire later in sensor outer housing
Seccotine is smeared in lower surface, and entire encapsulating structure is fixed to PZT sensor external using the magnetic force of permanent magnet.
Start operating circuit, impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module starts to carry out electrical impedance signal measurement, and measurement result is sent out
Data transmission blocks are sent to, the first communication module carries out data transmission.Data reception module passes through connector J1 and serial ports of computers
Connection, after data reception module receives the data of sending module, is sent to computer by USB serial ports, by computers
The LabVIEW host computer of installation is displayed data and is stored.
After sensor of the invention is encapsulated into position to be monitored in summary, PZT sensor and impedance bioelectrical measurement equipment it
Between do not need to connect by conducting wire, the wireless transmission of electrical impedance signal measurement may be implemented, while circuit board has been internally integrated electricity
Impedance measurement chip can be realized simultaneously impedance bioelectrical measurement function, not need using commercial impedance analyzer.Set sensor envelope
The frequency range of the impedance bioelectrical measurement of dress is 1-100kHz, frequency resolution 0.1Hz, and signal transmission distance can achieve 800 meters.
Application of the invention will greatly improve Piezoelectric Impedance Technology and monitor the convenience in applying at the scene, reduce the application of this technology
Difficulty and site workload.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and cannot
It is interpreted as indication or suggestion relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define as a result, " the
One ", the feature of " second " can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be mechanical connect
It connects, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be in two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary
The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific feelings
Condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature in the second feature " on " or " down " can be with
It is that the first and second features directly contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or be merely representative of
First feature horizontal height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature can be under the second feature " below ", " below " and " below "
One feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of first feature horizontal height less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any
It can be combined in any suitable manner in a or multiple embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant, at the same time, for those skilled in the art, the think of according to the application
Think, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of wireless piezoelectric sensor for Piezoelectric Impedance method monitoring structural health conditions characterized by comprising
Packaging system is provided with circuit board and PZT sensor on the packaging system；
Impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module, the impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module are integrated on the circuit board and pass with the PZT
Sensor connection, for driving the PZT sensor to be monitored；
First communication module, first communication module be integrated on the circuit board and with the impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module
Connection, is used for transmission data and instruction；And
Second communication module is passed between first communication module and second communication module using the mode for being wirelessly connected communication
Transmission of data and instruction；Second communication module has USB interface, for connecting computer.
2. wireless piezoelectric sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the packaging system further include: sensor
Shell, circuit board housing, battery case, permanent magnet, holddown spring and support mandrel, wherein
The bottom of the sensor outer housing, which is inlayed, is provided with the PZT sensor, the top of the sensor outer housing and the electricity
Road plate shell is fixedly connected, and the circuit board housing is for being arranged the circuit board；
The sensor outer housing is internally provided with the permanent magnet, for enhancing the sensor outer housing and monitored object
Binding force；The permanent magnet is hollow structure and forms the space for accommodating object；
The support mandrel is set in the space, has been arranged radially protrusion along the support mandrel, the holddown spring is set
It is placed in the protrusion above and with the PZT sensor to abut, for enhancing the combination of the PZT sensor and monitored object
Power；
Resistance measurement drive module is connect with the PZT sensor using conducting wire, and two conducting wires pass through the space and institute
State the connection of PZT sensor.
3. wireless piezoelectric sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: power module, the power supply
Module includes: two power management chips, diode, inductance, multiple resistance and multiple capacitors.
4. wireless piezoelectric sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module packet
It includes: impedance bioelectrical measurement chip, operation amplifier chip, crystal oscillator, inductance, multiple resistance and multiple capacitors.
5. wireless piezoelectric sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first communication module includes: transmitting-receiving
Device chip, power amplifier chip, antenna, multiple crystal oscillators, multiple inductance, multiple resistance and multiple capacitors.
6. according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second communication module includes: transponder chip, power amplification
Chip, USB turn serial port chip, multiple crystal oscillators, antenna, USB joint, multiple inductance, multiple resistance and multiple capacitors.
7. a kind of monitoring method using the described in any item wireless piezoelectric sensors of claim 1 ~ 6, which is characterized in that packet
It includes:
PZT sensor is pasted into position to be monitored using seccotine, is connect circuit board with PZT sensor using conducting wire, it will
The bottom of sensor outer housing is bonded to position to be detected after smearing seccotine, while abuts holddown spring with PZT sensor；
Power on, starts operating circuit, impedance bioelectrical measurement drive module driving PZT sensor is monitored, and be will test and obtained
The data taken are sent to the second communication module by the first communication module；
Data are sent to computer through serial ports and are shown and stored by the second communication module.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that first communication module is with second communication module
Both-way communication, second communication module send to first communication module and instruct, be monitored.
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