CN109763976A - A kind of gear pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of gear pumps, including end plate, driven gear, the pump housing, gear shaft and front end-plate, it is both provided with concave-convex anti-adhesion structure on the wall with the component of molten polymer joint in gear pump, anti-adhesive attraction of the polymer melt in filament spinning component may be implemented；The bumps prevent adhesion the mechanism of action of mechanism are as follows: include depressed section and convex portion in concave-convex anti-adhesion structure, convex portion is higher by the setting of member internal walls surface, directly contacting between highly viscous polymer melt and member internal walls is reduced using supporting role between points, and gas suspension effect is formed under the action of high temperature and pressure melt, plays and prevents adhesion from separate type.

Description

A kind of gear pump

Technical field

The present invention relates to textile technology fields, and in particular to a kind of gear pump for melt spinning.

Background technique

British patent in 1845 is come from the earliest record of melt spinning process.Nineteen thirty-nine melt spinning is as manufacture nylon The production technology of 66 fibers obtains industrial applications.As Figure 1-1, melt spinning basic process includes material melts, from spinneret It is squeezed out in plate micropore, melt stream cooling and solidifying forming.Manufactured long filament can be used bobbin coiling and molding or carry out other processing. During melt spinning, polymer feeds extruder, and it is tired to be sent to metering further along after screw rod transmission, plasticizing, melting: Metering is poly- to ensure that the melt of polymer can be flowed into critical component filament spinning component to stable and uniform by accurate measurement, is spinning Melt passes through the filtering of filter medium in silk component, is provided in porous spinneret after eliminating impurity and bubble by high pressure indentation As thread；Thread is drawn while being quickly cooled down (quenching) by horizontal blowing since the effect of following wireline reel also generates high power It stretches, so that diameter attenuates；As-spun fibre is wound into certain package.

Under normal conditions filament spinning component be mainly the filter layer being made of upper layer overcurrent lid, metal mesh and filter sand, distribution plate and Porous spinneret is constituted.After spinning melt flows into filament spinning component from top-level entries, lie prone the mistake of type via the back taper minister in ancient times in sand chamber Stream lid diffusely enters in the inner cavity of component, and filtration combination layer is ingeniously entered under the action of upper stressor layer.Filter layer usually has multilayer Filter screen and METALLIC FILTRATION SAND composition.The a piece of coarse net for not luring steel wire to weave into often is placed in the top layer of filter layer, becomes cover net Or cover net, it is therefore an objective to stop the sundries of bulk and prevent the layer of sand of lower part mobile.When filtering using filter sand, sand grains is pressed in principle Granularity is carefully sequentially arranged by thick.When placing multistorey strainer mesh, and the principle descending by mesh size.In filtration combination layer The bottom placed one layer of supporting network, it be usually be made of a piece of or two panels coarse net, it is therefore an objective to support upper level filter layer, Increase longitudinal rigidity, has the function that not to be depressed, it can also prevent the effect for draining to spinneret orifice under broken filter sand sometimes.By Melt after fine filtering flows into the hole of distribution plate.On the one hand the effect of distribution plate is to play support upper level filter layer, another Aspect is before polymer melt is assigned to spinneret plate as homogeneously as possible, so that the uniform flow in every hole, also tubing flow displacement filament plate The melt pressure of part is shared, so that spinning plate surface is unlikely to superpressure and deforms.Polymer melt is squeezed into spinneret Guide hole after, micropore gives the certain shape of melt and is extruded as strand, finishes to dazzle body like this inside filament spinning component The design of the filament spinning component of flowing need to mainly determine its structure snd size.Wherein component external structure snd size mainly need to examine The problems such as considering the intensity and corrosion resistance of itself, the problem of also relating to installing and dismounting and leakproofness.The inside member of filament spinning component Part just really carries main spinning function, it should how to select filtration combination element, hybrid element, distribution member and spinneret Panel element etc., it is necessary to comprehensive to go sufficiently to be calculated and considered from multi-angles such as hydrodynamics, melt rheology and heat conductions. Certainly it can not ignore the inner sealing of each element while design and the problem of strong rigidity.Melt spinning is to carry out at high temperature , if polymer melt is chronically at high humidity state, it may occur that degradation influences the quality of precursor, and institute W is inside design component When channel, melt should be made to be uniformly distributed in each micropore of spinneret as far as possible, channel resistance is answered equal, cannot be existed in component Dead angle, in case melt residence time is too long and decomposes.It should process smooth with king's part surface of melt contacts, object cannot be made Material is detained due to wall surface resistance.Fluid motion uniformity mainly includes fluid motion speed, pressure, stop in filament spinning component The contents such as time, discharging distribution.Ideal filament spinning component should be able to guarantee that simultaneously above-mentioned parameter is all identical, and sample presentation just can ensure that Polymer melt is evenly distributed in each spinneret orifice of spinneret with identical matter, and it is uniformly high-quality finally to spin out structural behaviour Measure fiber.However, the factor for influencing flow field uniformity in filament spinning component is numerous, wherein mainly having material properties, process conditions, setting Standby structural parameters etc..When the above two control identical, device structure is its most important influence factor again.

The flow behavior of polymer melt is more complex compared with for small molecule solution.Under external force, melt is not only Irreversible viscous yielding is shown, but also shows reversible flexible deformation.This is because the flowing of polymer is not Simple Relative sliding between macromolecular chain, but the overall result of moving cell successively transition.Under external force, macromolecular chain It is inevitably stretched along external force direction, removes external force, macromolecular chain will be spontaneously rolled up again.This conformation change Caused elastically-deformable development and Recovery Process are relaxation, which depends on polymer molecular weight, external force Time, temperature etc..It is the appearance of flexible deformation and its subsequent lax pair fiber, dimensional stability, interior in molding process Stress etc. has substantial connection.

High polymer molten viscosity cuts flowing and is mainly characterized in that: that cut viscosity very high；Viscosity strong depend-ence trimming rate is cut, absolutely Most of high polymer moltens belong to pseudoplastic fluid；Velocity flow profile of the pseudoplastic behavior high polymer molten in round tube is not parabolically It is linear, and it is close to plunger flow, velocity gradient concentrates on near-wall, and there may be tube wall sliding to move in some cases, It there may also be molecular-weight gradation effect in flowing, make low molecular weight fraction in near-wall more than pipe axis.

It is not constant temperature process in actual production process, and is unstable state, but above-mentioned " spinnability " is theoretical, it is right The forming process of chemical fibre still has preferable reference and directive significance, and the principal element obtained from " spinnability " theory is all It is the factor for controlling spinning and going on smoothly.Such as be viscosity and surface tension to capillary mechanism major influence factors, to cohesive energy The principal element that failure mechanism influences is deformation speed and viscoplasticity size etc..The spinnability principle for understanding melt facilitates us When adjusting spinning technique, optimal conditions are targetedly selected, to avoid occurring wild effect in spinning.Change and spins The rheological property of silk Wang Yi parameter and raw material may make the variable element range for stablizing spinning sufficiently increase, convenient and technique Adjustment.

Since the high temperature polymer melt of melting needs to shift and flow in filament spinning component, high-temperature fusant and spinning group Inevitably there are contacts for part quality inspection, also just inevitably there is adherency on the inner wall of filament spinning component, although At present when preparing filament spinning component can by the smooth enough of its inwall processing, largely reduced due to Inner wall surface problem and caused by attachment of polymers still due to the limitation of machining accuracy and processing technology, be difficult to accomplish inner wall It is completely smooth, still can generate the adherency of polymer in this way；There are also during the spinning process in polymer and spinning in the prior art The scheme that lubricant is added between the inner wall of component, can play certain anti-adhesiving effect in this way, but what these were added Lubricant will certainly enter in polymer, and then the property of polymer and the property of subsequent spinning generate unpredictable shadow It is loud and worthless.Due to the adherency of polymer during the spinning process, all needed after the production plan for not completing a batch Filament spinning component is thoroughly cleaned, time and cost will lead to the cleaning of filament spinning component and greatly consume, but also There are some dead angles to be difficult to be cleaned for meeting, and can adversely affect to subsequent production.Therefore, exploitation one is needed Kind new anti-adherency of filament spinning component or anti-blocking techniques, the shortcomings that overcome in the prior art.

Summary of the invention

For the prior art there are above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provide it is a kind of reduction polymer melt adherency it is novel Gear pump.

To achieve the above object, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:

A kind of gear pump, including end plate, driven gear, the pump housing, gear shaft and front end-plate, further include two high-pressure seal rings, Four sliding bearings, stuffing-box and flange gland；Gear and driven gear on the gear shaft are setting up and down and mounted in pump In the gear cavity of body, the gear cavity of the pump housing is respectively and on the melt inlet and pump housing left side wall that are arranged on pump housing right side wall Melt outlet connection, the gear on gear shaft engages with driven gear, the both ends of the outer circumferential end face of the gear on gear shaft It is respectively provided with a shoulder end face, the both ends of the outer circumferential end face of the driven gear are respectively provided with a shoulder end face, the gear One sliding bearing, gear shaft are respectively housed on two shoulder end faces of the gear on axis and two shoulder end faces of driven gear On gear and end plate between and driven gear and end plate between respectively be equipped with a high-pressure seal ring, the rear end of the pump housing Face is detachably connected with end plate, and the front end-plate is detachably connected on gear shaft and with the front end face of the pump housing；In gear Chamber, gear, driven gear, melt inlet and melt outlet the surface being in contact with polymer melt on be provided with bumps Prevent adhesion mechanism；The bumps anti-adhesion structure is equally distributed recess and protrusion.

Preferably, the recess in the concave-convex anti-adhesion structure and protrusion are spaced apart from each other and are uniformly distributed；The surface area of protrusion It is 0.5-2 square millimeters, the surface area of recess is 1-3 square millimeters.Further, raised surface area is 1 square millimeter, The surface area of recess is 2 square millimeters

Preferably, the gear shaft is process with gear thereon using integrated.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that due to being in contact in gear pump with molten polymer Component surface on be both provided with concave-convex anti-adhesion structure, anti-adherency of the polymer melt in filament spinning component may be implemented and make With；The bumps prevent adhesion the mechanism of action of mechanism are as follows: include depressed section and convex portion, lug boss in concave-convex anti-adhesion structure Divide and be higher by the setting of parts surface surface, supporting role between points is utilized to reduce highly viscous polymer melt and component table Direct contact between face, and gas suspension effect is formed under the action of high temperature and pressure melt, it plays anti-sticking from separate type Even；Sunk structure plays the role of accommodating levitation gas, cooperates with convex portion；The surface area of protrusion is 0.5-2 squares Millimeter, the surface area of recess are 1-3 square millimeters, it is preferable that raised surface area is 1 square millimeter, and the surface area of recess is 2 Square millimeter, depressed section and lug boss branch point are connected to form accurate honeycomb protection grid, by parts surface with polymerize Object melt separation is opened, and the effect to prevent adhesion is increased.The area of convex portion and depressed section should not be too large, if area is excessive, Good preventing adhesiving effect can not be then played, and without two the case where polymer melt is directly in contact with parts surface；Its The area of the two is also unsuitable too small, if area is too small, can not play estimated preventing adhesiving effect, and difficulty of processing It can be very big.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of gear pump of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is another angled arrangement schematic diagram of gear pump of the present invention.

Appended drawing reference:

1 --- end plate；

2 --- driven gear；

3 --- high-pressure seal ring；

4 --- sliding bearing；

5 --- gear shaft；

6 --- the pump housing；

7 --- front end-plate；

8 --- stuffing-box；

9 --- flange gland；

10 --- gear；

11 --- melt inlet；

12 --- melt outlet.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings, the present invention is described in detail.

Illustrate present embodiment in conjunction with FIG. 1 to FIG. 2, present embodiment includes end plate 1, driven gear 2, the pump housing 6, tooth Wheel shaft 5 and front end-plate 7 further include two high-pressure seal rings, 3, four sliding bearings 4, stuffing-box 8 and flange gland 9；Gear shaft Gear 10 and driven gear 2 on 5 are setting up and down and in the gear cavity of the pump housing 6, the gear cavity of the pump housing 6 respectively with set It sets and is connected in the melt inlet 11 on 6 right side wall of the pump housing with the melt outlet 12 on 6 left side wall of the pump housing, the gear on gear shaft 5 10 engage with driven gear 2, and the both ends of the outer circumferential end face of the gear 10 on gear shaft 5 are respectively provided with a shoulder end face, driven The both ends of the outer circumferential end face of gear 2 are respectively provided with a shoulder end face, on two shoulder end faces of the gear 10 on gear shaft 5 and One sliding bearing 4 is respectively housed, between the gear 10 and end plate 1 on gear shaft 5 on two shoulder end faces of driven gear 2 And a high-pressure seal ring 3 is respectively housed between driven gear 2 and end plate 1, rear end face and the end plate 1 of the pump housing 6 detachably connect It connects, front end-plate 7 is detachably connected on gear shaft 5 and with the front end face of the pump housing 6, is filled on the gear shaft 5 of 7 front end of front end-plate There is flange gland 9, stuffing-box 8 is housed, stuffing-box 8 and flange gland 9 can on the gear shaft 5 between flange gland 9 and front end-plate 7 Dismantling connection, each sliding bearing 4 are respectively provided with a guide groove on the inner wall close to 12 side of melt outlet, and the pump housing 6 is located at Guiding groove is provided on the inner wall of melt inlet 11, on the end face that end plate 1 is in contact with the pump housing 6 and front end-plate 7 and the pump housing 6 Guiding lubrication groove is respectively provided on the end face being in contact.Guide groove, guiding groove and guiding lubrication groove are set, and the pump housing is in lubricating system On, self-lubricating is carried out using the melt of itself conveying.

Preferably, in the molten with polymer of gear cavity, gear 10, driven gear 2, melt inlet 11 and melt outlet 12 Bumps are provided on the surface that body is in contact to prevent adhesion mechanism；The bumps anti-adhesion structure be it is equally distributed recess and it is convex It rises.Recess and protrusion in concave-convex anti-adhesion structure, which are spaced apart from each other, to be uniformly distributed；The surface area of protrusion is 0.5-2 square millimeters, The surface area of recess is 1-3 square millimeters, and further, raised surface area is 1 square millimeter, and the surface area of recess is 2 Square millimeter.

It is both provided with concave-convex anti-adhesion structure on the surface of the component being in contact with molten polymer in gear pump, it can To realize anti-adhesive attraction of the polymer melt in filament spinning component；The bumps prevent adhesion the mechanism of action of mechanism are as follows: bumps are anti- It include depressed section and convex portion in adhesion structure, convex portion is higher by the setting of parts surface surface, using between points Supporting role reduce directly contacting between highly viscous polymer melt and parts surface, and in high temperature and pressure melt Gas suspension effect is formed under effect, is played and is prevented adhesion from separate type；Sunk structure plays the role of accommodating levitation gas, and convex Part is played to cooperate；The surface area of protrusion is 0.5-2 square millimeters, and the surface area of recess is 1-3 square millimeters, it is preferable that The surface area of protrusion is 1 square millimeter, and the surface area of recess is 2 square millimeters, and depressed section is connected shape with lug boss branch point Grid is protected at accurate honeycomb, parts surface and polymer melt are separated, the effect to prevent adhesion is increased.Convex portion It should not be too large with the area of depressed section, if area is excessive, good preventing adhesiving effect, and polymer can not be played The case where melt is directly in contact with parts surface is without two；The area of the two is also unsuitable too small, if area is too small, also not Estimated preventing adhesiving effect can be played, and difficulty of processing also can be very big.Concave-convex anti-adhesion structure can prepare filament spinning component Various pieces when apply on these parts respectively, can be using will have the sark of the concave-convex mechanism that prevents adhesion directly docile and obedient Form on the surface of component carries out, and can also be carried out in the form of precision lathe processing, specific processing method is existing There are the common parts machining means in technology.

One is made with gear 10 thereon in gear shaft 5, easy to process, and can guarantee concentricity.Other compositions and connection Relationship is same as the specific embodiment one.

Working principle is: the space that gear on the pump housing, gear shaft and driven gear are formed constitutes melt inlet area, defeated Send area and outlet area.In melt inlet area, the tooth of two gears is in the state for continuously separating, disengaging, melt inlet area with slot Space constantly increase, polymer melt is sent into melt inlet area with lower pressure and filled by its upper end equipment extruder Full tooth socket.With the rotation of gear, the melt in tooth socket constantly shifts to melt outlet area through melt delivery area, goes out in melt Mouth region, two gears and slot enter closure or meshing state, and the space in melt inlet area is constantly reduced, and the melt in each tooth socket is forced It squeezes out, to realize the function of increasing pressure of Melt Pump.Gear often rotates a circle, discharge capacity be it is constant, gear continuously rotates Realize the continuous dispatch and metering of melt.Meanwhile gear be equivalent to one rotation barrier, can effectively obstruct melt into Mouth region melt pressure fluctuation and influence of the flowed fluctuation to melt outlet area melt, when pump melt inlet pressure because it is various because The fluctuation of element and when changing in a very big range, the melt outlet pressure oscillation of pump can control the change in very little completely Change in range, to realize the voltage stabilizing function of pump.

Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected The limitation of range is protected, although explaining in detail referring to preferred embodiment to the present invention, those skilled in the art are answered Work as understanding, it can be with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention Matter and range.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of gear pump, including end plate, driven gear, the pump housing, gear shaft and front end-plate further include two high pressure sealings Circle, four sliding bearings, stuffing-box and flange gland, gear and driven gear on the gear shaft are setting up and down and are mounted in In the gear cavity of the pump housing, the gear cavity of the pump housing respectively with the melt inlet and pump housing left side wall that are arranged on pump housing right side wall On melt outlet connection, the gear on gear shaft engages with driven gear, the two of the outer circumferential end face of the gear on gear shaft End is respectively provided with a shoulder end face, and the both ends of the outer circumferential end face of the driven gear are respectively provided with a shoulder end face, the tooth One sliding bearing, gear are respectively housed on two shoulder end faces of the gear on wheel shaft and two shoulder end faces of driven gear One high-pressure seal ring is respectively housed, after the pump housing between the gear and end plate on axis and between driven gear and end plate End face is detachably connected with end plate, and the front end-plate is detachably connected on gear shaft and with the front end face of the pump housing, special Sign is: on the surface of gear cavity, gear, driven gear, melt inlet and melt outlet being in contact with polymer melt On be provided with bumps and prevent adhesion mechanism, which is equally distributed recess and protrusion.

2. gear pump as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the recess and protrusion in the bumps anti-adhesion structure are mutual Interval is uniformly distributed；The surface area of protrusion is 0.5-2 square millimeters, and the surface area of recess is 1-3 square millimeters.

3. gear pump as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: raised surface area is 1 square millimeter, the surface area of recess It is 2 square millimeters.

4. gear pump according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the gear shaft is added with gear thereon using integrated Work forms.