CN109763469B - Water surface suspended matter suction head - Google Patents

Water surface suspended matter suction head Download PDF

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CN109763469B
CN109763469B CN201910054851.7A CN201910054851A CN109763469B CN 109763469 B CN109763469 B CN 109763469B CN 201910054851 A CN201910054851 A CN 201910054851A CN 109763469 B CN109763469 B CN 109763469B
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water
suction head
cylinder body
barrel body
air
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CN109763469A (en
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柯凡
冯慕华
李文朝
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Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology of CAS
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Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a suction head for suspended matters on water surface, which is placed on the water surface and comprises a suction head main body and an air discharge valve, wherein the suction head main body comprises a top plate, an inner cylinder body, an outer cylinder body bottom and a discharge port, the inner cylinder body is vertically placed, the top surface of the inner cylinder body is provided with the top plate, the outer cylinder body is arranged on the outer ring of the inner cylinder body, the outer cylinder body is coaxial with the inner cylinder body, the top surface of the outer cylinder body is lower than the top plate, the outer cylinder body bottom is arranged between the bottom surface of the outer cylinder body and the bottom surface of the inner cylinder body, the outer cylinder body bottom is annular, the lower surface of the outer cylinder body bottom is provided with a plurality of discharge ports downwards, the top plate and the inner cylinder body form an inner cylinder area with a downward opening, the inner cylinder body, the outer cylinder body and the outer cylinder body bottom form a suction area with an upward, the air release valve is arranged on the top plate and connected with the inner cylinder area and the atmosphere.

Description

Water surface suspended matter suction head
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lake water treatment, in particular to a suction head for suspended matters on water surface.
Background
The suspended matters are foreign matters on the water surface, such as blue-green algae, catkin, waterweed residues and the like, the blue-green algae can be greatly propagated in water bodies with rich nutrition, a layer of blue-green floating foam with fishy smell is formed on the water surface, the floating foam is commonly called as water bloom, and in recent years, the blue-green algae explosion frequently occurring in inland lakes brings serious influence to the life of people. Therefore, the prevention and control of suspended matters becomes a module in the field of water treatment. The method for treating the suspended matters in the large lakes generally comprises the steps of salvaging the suspended matters, crushing, concentrating and dehydrating the suspended matters to prepare organic fertilizers, fermenting the organic fertilizers to generate biogas, preparing biodiesel and the like.
The existing suspended matter salvaging method adopts a manual or pump suction mode, the labor intensity of manual salvaging is high, the efficiency is low, the existing pump suction type salvaging can suck a large amount of water, the working power of the pump is high, the subsequent pumping operation is required to be carried out, the working procedure is complex, the energy consumption is high, and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a suction head for suspended matters on water, which solves the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a surface of water suspended solid suction head, surface of water suspended solid suction head places on the surface of water, and surface of water suspended solid suction head includes suction head main part and bleed valve, and the bleed valve sets up the top surface in suction head main part.
The surface of water suspended solid suction head is like a cap and is placed on the surface of water, partial air is collected in the suspended solid suction head by the extrusion, surface of water suspended solid suction head floats on the surface of water, air volume in the surface of water suspended solid suction head is adjusted through the bleeder valve, can change the flotation height of surface of water suspended solid suction head, the height of outside water level line on the lateral wall of surface of water suspended solid suction head promptly, one section suspended solid output tube of external connection in the bottom of surface of water suspended solid suction head, another termination suction pump of output tube, the suction pump also can directly hang below surface of water suspended solid suction head, the pump outlet lead pipe leads to far away, when superficial suspended solid floats near surface of water suspended solid suction head on the surface of water, in suspended solid and a small amount of rivers intake face suction head suspended solid.
Further, the suction head main body comprises a top plate, an inner barrel, an outer barrel bottom and discharge ports, the inner barrel is vertically placed, the top surface of the inner barrel is provided with the top plate, the outer barrel is arranged on the outer ring of the inner barrel, the outer barrel is coaxial with the inner barrel, the top surface of the outer barrel is lower than the top plate, the outer barrel bottom is arranged between the outer barrel bottom and the inner barrel bottom, the outer barrel bottom is annular, the lower surface of the outer barrel bottom is provided with a plurality of discharge ports downwards, the top plate and the inner barrel construct an inner barrel area with a downward opening, the inner barrel area comprises an air area and a soaking area, the air area is positioned above the soaking area, the boundary of the air area and the soaking area is the water level line of water entering the inner barrel area, the inner barrel, the outer barrel and the outer barrel bottom construct a suction area with an upward opening, the suction area is annular, the top surface, the weir crest is located the side top of outer barrel, and the weir crest is along the axis circumference equipartition of outer barrel, and the weir crest is one section groove, and the both ends of weir crest are located outer wall and the internal face of outer barrel respectively, and the bleed valve sets up on the roof, and air district and outside atmosphere are connected to the bleed valve.
The suction head body is vertically put into water, the discharge port faces downwards, the water enters the inner cylinder area, the air in the original inner cylinder area is extruded to the air area at the upper part, the lower part is the soaking area, because the air pressure in the air area is higher than the external atmospheric pressure, therefore, the water level line in the inner cylinder area is lower than the water level line outside the water surface suspended matter suction head, the volume occupied by the internal and external high-low liquid level difference and the wall thickness is the volume of the discharged water in the buoyancy formula, thereby generating buoyancy to support the water surface suspended matter suction head to be suspended on the water surface, simultaneously floating the air in the air area on the upper part of the inner cylinder area, wherein the water surface suspended matter suction head is circularly symmetrical, therefore, the water surface suspended matter suction head is not easy to overturn and can stably stay on the water surface, and the air release valve can release part of the compressed air in the air area, so that the air pressure in the air area is changed, and the floating height of the water surface suspended matter suction head is adjusted. The floating height of surface of water suspended solid suction head is about external water level line and is enough to the half height of weir mouth, external water level line is less than the topside of outer barrel, surface of water suspended solid suction head floats when the surface of water like this, the suspended solid of near surface of water crosses in the topside entering suction area of weir mouth or outer barrel, few water flows into suction area from the tank bottom of weir mouth in, suction area bottom's discharge port connects the suction pump, see off suspended solid and water pump, the proportion of suspended solid and water has improved greatly, surface of water suspended solid suction head can be handled as the suspended solid or filterable first step concentration, the process is simple, high durability and convenient use, the occupation of land is few, can arrange a lot of surface of water suspended solid simultaneous workings on the lake surface.
Furthermore, the air release valve is a manual air release valve or a preset pressure self-operated air release valve and is arranged in the center of the top plate. The air release valve is arranged in the center of the top plate to prevent the suction head of the water surface suspended matter from inclining due to uneven distribution of the mass circumference.
After the water surface suspended matter suction head is placed into the water surface, the air release valve is closed, and the height from the water level line to the outer surface of the water surface suspended matter suction head is obtained through the following formula after being simplified by a mathematical model:
buoyancy equation of the whole water surface suspended matter suction head: mg ═ ρ g Δ V;
bernoulli's equation for air pressure at the water line of the inner barrel region: Δ p ═ ρ g Δ h;
an ideal gas state equation before and after air compression of the inner cylinder area:
(p0+Δp)*V2=p0*V1;
height h of external water line on water surface suspended matter suction head:
Figure BDA0001952076370000041
in the formula: m is the integral mass of the water surface suspended matter suction head, g is the gravity acceleration, delta h is the internal and external water level difference, delta V is the volume of water discharged by the water surface suspended matter suction head (after the wall thickness is neglected, the internal and external water level difference delta h is multiplied by the diameter S of an inner cylinder area), S is the cross section area of the inner cylinder area, delta p is the pressure difference between air in an air area and the external atmosphere, p0 is the atmospheric pressure, V1 is the total volume of the inner cylinder area, V2 is the volume of the air area after the water surface suspended matter suction head enters the water, and h0 is the height.
According to the calculation, when the temperature is not changed, the gas pressure of the air area is approximately constant, the air release valve is closed tightly, when the air in the inner cylinder area is not discharged, the external water level line is the lowest on the outer wall surface of the water surface suspended matter suction head, after partial air is discharged, the internal gas quantity is reduced, the corresponding volume of the air area is reduced, the external water level line is increased, for a water surface suspended matter suction head with a certain size, different air quantities in the air area correspond to different water level line heights, and the water level line height of the water surface suspended matter suction head near the weir crest can be finely adjusted by releasing the gas in the micro air area. The air release valve is a manual air release valve for adjusting the height of the water level when the suction head of the suspended matter on the water surface is placed.
Can also replace the bleed valve with using one section vertical pipe, connect in roof bleeder vent department on the vertical pipe, the lower extreme extends to a certain position department, and after the surface of water was put to the surface of water suspension suction head like this, the regional air of inner tube ran out from vertical pipe, and to the height after the vertical socle portion is submerged to the water level, and gaseous unable effluvium, inside water level line upwards carries out a segment air compression back surface of water suspension suction head just floats at this height again. Can dispatch from the factory the vertical pipe length of having set in advance, just need not the manual regulation behind the scene height of surface of water suspended solid suction head, save time, the unified accuracy of vertical pipe length of setting in batches moreover can make the water level line highly uniform in this surface of water suspended solid suction head outside, is applicable to the surface of water suspended solid suction head of using in batches.
As optimization, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the inner cylinder body is greater than 0.25, and the ratio of the diameters of the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder body is 1.1-2.
The reason that the ratio of the height to the diameter of the inner cylinder is more than 0.25 is that the standing position is stable, if the ratio of the height to the diameter of the inner cylinder is too small, namely the inner cylinder is short and thick, when the water surface suspended matter suction head shakes due to some disturbance, air in an air zone can slip out from the bottom, so that the water surface suspended matter suction head topples over, or after the shaking is finished, the height of the outer water line is changed and is not the set height any more; the diameter ratio of outer barrel and interior barrel is 1.1 ~ 2 then is out of the overall stability and increases the consideration of inhaling the suspended solid flow as far as possible, the diameter ratio undersize of outer barrel and interior barrel even when being close to 1, the ring width in annular suction area is more and more littleer, the flow that surface of water suspended solid suction head can pass through is just very little, and the diameter ratio of outer barrel and interior barrel is too big then can cause the rocking of surface of water suspended solid suction head by a wide margin because too big flow flows, be unfavorable for the device and stably use.
Preferably, the air release valve is in threaded connection with the top plate, and a raw material belt is wound between the thread pairs. The universal replaceable air release valve is installed on the top plate through a screw, the manufacturing is convenient, when the air release valve is sealed or other performances are reduced, the replacement and maintenance are also convenient, and the thread pair wound raw material belt between the air release valve and the top plate can play a sealing role to prevent the suspended matter suction head on the water surface from continuously sinking when being used for a long time.
Preferably, the weir crest is in the shape of an inverted triangle, the bottom of the triangle faces upwards, and the tip of the triangle faces downwards. The weir crest is the triangle-shaped processing simply that falls, and the water line height is adjusted after changing, and the area of overflowing is linear change to the flow variation is similar linear, conveniently adjusts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can stably float on the water surface and is used as a suction inlet for sucking suspended matters on the water surface, the height of a water level line outside the suction head of the suspended matters on the water surface can be adjusted, the invention is suitable for different environments, a large amount of suspended matters are sucked, and only a small amount of water enters the suction head of the suspended matters on the water surface, so that the power of a subsequently-equipped suction pump is smaller, the sucked water mixture of the suspended matters is subjected to a primary concentration process, and the subsequent treatment process of the suspended matters can be more simplified and efficient.
Drawings
In order that the present invention may be more readily and clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is view H-H of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a partial view A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partial view B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a partial view C of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention connected to a suction pump;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the present invention without the release valve.
In the figure: 1-a suction head main body, 11-a top plate, 12-an inner cylinder, 13-an outer cylinder, 14-an outer cylinder bottom, 15-a discharge port, 16-an inner cylinder area, 161-an air area, 162-a water immersion area, 17-a suction area, 18-a weir port and 2-a vent valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the water surface suspended matter suction head is placed on the water surface and comprises a suction head main body 1 and a deflation valve 2, wherein the deflation valve 2 is arranged on the upper top surface of the suction head main body 1.
As shown in fig. 3, the surface of water suspended solid suction head is like a cap and is placed on the surface of water, partial air is extruded and collected in the suspended solid suction head, the surface of water suspended solid suction head floats on the surface of water, the air quantity in the surface of water suspended solid suction head is adjusted through the deflation valve 2, the floating height of the surface of water suspended solid suction head can be changed, namely, the height of an external water level line on the side wall of the surface of water suspended solid suction head, as shown in fig. 7, the bottom of the surface of water suspended solid suction head is externally connected with a section of suspended solid output pipe, the other end of the output pipe is connected with a suction pump, the suction pump can also be directly hung below the surface of water suspended solid suction head, the outlet pipe leads to a distance, when the suspended solid floating on the surface of water floats to the surface of.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the suction head body 1 includes a top plate 11, an inner cylinder 12, an outer cylinder 13, an outer cylinder bottom 14 and a discharge port 15, the inner cylinder 12 is vertically placed, the top surface of the inner cylinder 12 is provided with the top plate 11, the outer cylinder 13 is arranged on the outer ring of the inner cylinder 12, the outer cylinder 13 is coaxial with the inner cylinder 12, the top surface of the outer cylinder 13 is lower than the top plate 11, the outer cylinder bottom 14 is arranged between the bottom surface of the outer cylinder 13 and the bottom surface of the inner cylinder 12, the outer cylinder bottom 14 is annular, as shown in fig. 6, a plurality of discharge ports 15 are arranged downward on the lower surface of the outer cylinder bottom 14, the top plate 11 and the inner cylinder 12 form an inner cylinder area 16 with a downward opening, the inner cylinder area 16 includes an air area 161 and a water immersion area 162, the air area 161 is located above the water immersion area 162, a boundary line of water entering the inner cylinder area 16 is a water level line of the air area 161 and the water immersion area 162, the, the suction area 17 is annular, the top surface of suction area 17 is outer barrel 13 top surface promptly, is equipped with a plurality of weir mouths 18 on the outer barrel 13, weir mouth 18 is located the side top of outer barrel 13, weir mouth 18 is along the axis circumference equipartition of outer barrel 13, as shown in fig. 4, weir mouth 18 is one section groove, the both ends of weir mouth 18 are located outer barrel 13's outer wall surface and internal face respectively, bleed valve 2 sets up on roof 11, bleed valve 2 connects air district 161 and outside atmosphere.
The suction head main body 1 is vertically placed into water, the discharge port 15 faces downwards, water enters the inner cylinder area 16, air in the original inner cylinder area 16 is extruded to an air area 161 at the upper part, the lower part is a water immersion area 162, because the air pressure in the air area 161 is larger than the external atmospheric pressure, the water level line in the inner cylinder area 16 is lower than the water level line outside the water surface suspended matter suction head, the occupied volume of the internal and external high-low liquid level difference and the wall thickness is the volume of discharged water in a buoyancy formula, so that buoyancy is generated to support the water surface suspended matter suction head to be suspended on the water surface, meanwhile, the air in the air area 161 is suspended on the upper part of the inner cylinder area 16, and the water surface suspended matter suction head is circularly symmetrical, so that the water surface suspended matter suction head is not easy to overturn and can stably stay on the water surface, the air discharge valve 2 can release part of compressed air in the, and adjusting the floating height of the water surface suspended matter suction head. After the setting finishes, the showy height of surface of water suspended solid suction head is about external water level line and is enough to the half height of weir mouth 18, external water level line is less than the topside of outer barrel 13, surface of water suspended solid suction head floats when the surface of water like this, the suspended solid of near surface of water crosses weir mouth 18 or the topside of outer barrel 13 enters into suction area 17 in, a small amount of water flows into suction area 17 from the tank bottom of weir mouth 18 in, the discharge port 15 of suction area 17 bottom connects the suction pump, send suspended solid and water pump away, the proportion of suspended solid and water has improved greatly, surface of water suspended solid suction head can be handled or filterable first step concentration as the suspended solid, the process is simple, high durability and convenient use, take up an area of less, can arrange a lot of surface of water suspended solid simultaneous workings on.
The air release valve 2 is a manual air release valve, and the air release valve 2 is arranged in the center of the top plate 11. The air release valve 2 is arranged in the center of the top plate 11 to prevent the suction head of the water surface suspension from inclining due to uneven distribution of the mass on the circumference. The purge valve 2 is, for example, a 2-minute rotary purge valve. The air release valve 2 releases air in the air area 161 to reduce the floating height of the suction head of the suspended substances on the water surface.
As shown in figure 8, can also replace bleed valve 2 with using one section vertical pipe, vertical pipe top end connects in roof 11 bleeder vent department, and the lower extreme extends to a certain position department, and like this after the surface of water is put to the surface of water suspended solid suction head, the regional 16 air of inner tube runs out from vertical pipe, and the water level floods vertical socle portion after the take the altitude, and gas can't run out, and inside water level line is upwards carried out a small segment air compression back surface of water suspended solid suction head and just floats at this altitude again. Can dispatch from the factory the vertical pipe length of having set in advance, just need not the manual regulation behind the scene height of surface of water suspended solid suction head, save time, the unified accuracy of vertical pipe length of setting in batches moreover can make the water level line highly uniform in this surface of water suspended solid suction head outside, is applicable to the surface of water suspended solid suction head of using in batches.
The ratio of the height to the diameter of the inner cylinder body 12 is larger than 0.25, and the ratio of the diameter of the outer cylinder body 13 to the diameter of the inner cylinder body 12 is 1.1-2. The diameter of the inner cylinder body is 900mm, the height of the inner cylinder body is 250mm, the diameter of the outer cylinder body is 1000mm, and the height of the outer cylinder body is 200 mm. The reason that the ratio of the height to the diameter of the inner cylinder 12 is greater than 0.25 is that the standing position is stable, if the ratio of the height to the diameter of the inner cylinder 12 is too small, that is, the inner cylinder 12 is short and thick, when the water surface suspended matter suction head shakes due to some disturbance, air in the air zone 161 may slip out from the bottom, so that the water surface suspended matter suction head topples, or after the shaking is finished, the height of the outside water line changes, and is no longer the set height; the diameter ratio of outer barrel 13 and interior barrel 12 is 1.1 ~ 2 then because of overall stability and the consideration that increases as far as possible and inhale the suspended solid flow, the diameter ratio undersize of outer barrel 13 and interior barrel 12 even when approaching 1, the ring width of annular suction area 17 is more and more littleer, the flow that the suspended solid suction head of surface of water can pass through is just very little, and the diameter ratio of outer barrel 13 and interior barrel 12 is too big then can cause the great rocking of suspended solid suction head of surface of water because of too big flow flows, be unfavorable for the device to use steadily.
As shown in fig. 5, the release valve 2 is screwed with the top plate 11, and a raw material belt is wound between the screw pairs. The universal changeable air release valve 2 is installed on the top plate 11 through a screw, the manufacture is convenient, the air release valve 2 is convenient to replace and maintain when being sealed or other performances are reduced, and a raw material belt wound between the air release valve 2 and a thread pair of the top plate 11 can play a role in sealing, so that the water surface suspended matter suction head is prevented from continuously sinking when being used for a long time.
As shown in fig. 1, the weir 18 is an inverted triangle with the base of the triangle facing upward and the apex facing downward. The weir crest 18 is an inverted triangle, the processing is simple, the height of the water level line is adjusted and changed, and the flow area is linearly changed, so that the flow change is approximately linear, and the adjustment is convenient.
When the device is used, the discharge port and the suction pump are connected by a pipeline, then the water surface suspended matter suction head air release valve is vertically upwards released to the water surface, the air release valve is slightly unscrewed, the water surface suspended matter suction head continuously descends, and when the water level is lowered to the required water level height, for example, the water level line is located at the half position of the height of the weir crest, the air release valve is screwed, the device is stably stopped on the water surface, the suction pump is started, and suspended matters on the water surface near the water surface suspended matter suction head can be continuously pumped away.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a surface of water suspended solid suction head, surface of water suspended solid suction head places on the surface of water its characterized in that: the water surface suspended matter suction head comprises a suction head main body (1) and a deflation valve (2), wherein the deflation valve (2) is arranged on the upper top surface of the suction head main body (1);
the suction head main body (1) comprises a top plate (11), an inner barrel body (12), an outer barrel body (13), an outer barrel body bottom (14) and discharge ports (15), the inner barrel body (12) is vertically placed, the top surface of the inner barrel body (12) is provided with the top plate (11), the outer barrel body (13) is arranged on the outer ring of the inner barrel body (12), the outer barrel body (13) is coaxial with the inner barrel body (12), the top surface of the outer barrel body (13) is lower than the top plate (11), the outer barrel body bottom (14) is arranged between the bottom surface of the outer barrel body (13) and the bottom surface of the inner barrel body (12), the outer barrel body bottom (14) is annular, the lower surface of the outer barrel body bottom (14) is provided with a plurality of discharge ports (15) downwards, the top plate (11) and the inner barrel body (12) form an inner barrel region (16) with a downward opening, and the inner barrel region, the air zone (161) is located above the soaking zone (162), the boundary between the air zone (161) and the soaking zone (162) is the water level line of the water entering the inner barrel region (16), the inner cylinder body (12), the outer cylinder body (13) and the cylinder bottom (14) of the outer cylinder body form a suction area (17) with an upward opening, the suction area (17) is annular, the top surface of the suction area (17) is the top surface of the outer cylinder body (13), the outer cylinder body (13) is provided with a plurality of weir crests (18), the weir crests (18) are positioned at the top of the side surface of the outer cylinder body (13), the weir crests (18) are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the axis of the outer cylinder body (13), the weir crests (18) are a section of groove, two ends of the weir (18) are respectively positioned on the outer wall surface and the inner wall surface of the outer cylinder body (13), the air release valve (2) is arranged on the top plate (11), and the air release valve (2) is connected with the air area (161) and the external atmosphere.
2. A water surface suspension head according to claim 1, wherein: the air release valve (2) is a manual air release valve or a preset pressure self-operated air release valve, and the air release valve (2) is arranged in the center of the top plate (11).
3. A water surface suspension head according to claim 2, wherein: the ratio of the height to the diameter of the inner cylinder (12) is greater than 0.25, and the ratio of the diameter of the outer cylinder (13) to the diameter of the inner cylinder (12) is 1.1-2.
4. A water surface suspension head according to claim 3, wherein: the air release valve (2) is in threaded connection with the top plate (11), and a raw material belt is wound between the thread pairs.
5. A water surface suspension head according to claim 3, wherein: the weir crest (18) is in the shape of an inverted triangle, the bottom of the triangle faces upwards, and the tip of the triangle faces downwards.
CN201910054851.7A 2019-01-21 2019-01-21 Water surface suspended matter suction head Active CN109763469B (en)

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JPS6085111A (en) * 1983-10-18 1985-05-14 Multi Koken Kk Surface liquid sucking device
FR2893336A1 (en) * 2005-11-14 2007-05-18 Bernard Reyboz Self-contained collector for pollutants such as hydrocarbons floating on water surface comprises platform supporting expanding well with pumps to extract water and pollutants
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