Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the book end opening device comprises a first book case 1 which is vertical and is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening, wherein a horizontal fixing plate 2 which is spaced from the first book case 1 is arranged at the bottom of the first book case 1, and a conveying belt 3 which is spaced from the fixing plate and runs left and right is arranged on the right side of the fixing plate 2; a horizontal push plate 4 is arranged on the left side of the fixed plate 2, a first rack 5 in the left-right direction is fixedly connected below the push plate 4, the first rack 5 is meshed with a first gear 6 of a fixed shaft, and the push plate 4 can extend into the space between the first book case 1 and the fixed plate 2; a U-shaped groove 7 with a rightward opening is formed in the right side of the fixing plate 2, a bearing plate 8 capable of popping out leftwards is installed in a notch of the U-shaped groove 7, books on the fixing plate 2 can be transferred onto the conveyor belt 3 through the bearing plate 8, a second gear 9 is rotatably connected above the U-shaped groove 7, and a fixed second rack 10 which runs left and right is meshed on the upper side of the second gear 9; a sliding plate 11 which is high at the left and low at the right is arranged below the conveyor belt 3, the left end of the sliding plate 11 extends to the position right below the conveyor belt 3 and the fixed plate 2 at intervals, a second book box 12 is arranged at the right ends of the conveyor belt 3 and the sliding plate 11, the second book box 12 comprises a box body with an opening at the left end, a vertical plate 13 along the front-back direction is arranged in the box body, a first guide rod 14 moving left and right is respectively arranged above and below the box body, a first sliding block 15 is arranged on each first guide rod 14, friction damping is arranged between each first sliding block 15 and each first guide rod 14, a transverse groove 16 is respectively arranged on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the box body, and the upper side and the lower side of the bottom plate are respectively connected with the first sliding blocks 15 at; a cover plate 17 capable of turning right is hinged to the left lower edge of the box body, and a pressure sensor 35 is mounted on the upper surface of the cover plate 17; two horizontal rotary tables 18 higher than the conveyor belt 3 are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the conveyor belt 3, bristles 19 are densely distributed on the outer wall of each rotary table 18, and the two rotary tables 18 are opposite front and rear and the inner sides of the two rotary tables 18 rotate rightwards.
The left ends of the front and rear inner walls of the second book case 12 are respectively provided with a blind hole 20, each blind hole 20 is internally provided with an elastic block 21, a pressure spring 22 is arranged between each elastic block 21 and the bottom of the blind hole 20, the left side of each elastic block 21 is an inclined plane, and the right side of each elastic block 21 is a plane; when the book is pressed into the book box from the left side, the elastic block 21 can be pressed into the blind hole 20.
In order to ensure the stability of the push plate 4 during left-right movement, two fixed second guide rods 23 moving left and right are arranged below the push plate 4, the two second guide rods 23 are arranged side by side front and back, second sliders 24 are fixed on the front side and the back side of the push plate 4, and the second sliders 24 penetrate through the second guide rods 23 on the same side and can slide left and right.
In order to ensure the stability of the U-shaped groove 7 during left-right movement, a fixed left-right third guide rod 25 is arranged above the U-shaped groove 7, a third sliding block 26 capable of moving left and right is arranged on the third guide rod 25 in a penetrating mode, the third sliding block 26 is fixedly connected with the U-shaped groove 7, and the second gear 9 is rotatably arranged on the rear side of the third sliding block 26.
The inboard of the preceding back arm of U type groove 7 respectively open and to have a horizontal spout 27, accept the front and back both sides of board 8 and install in spout 27 and can the horizontal slip, respectively install a horizontal pole 28 that can the horizontal slip in two spouts 27, outside U type groove 7 was stretched out to the right-hand member of horizontal pole 28, the left end all with the right side fixed connection who accepts board 8, the right-hand member of two horizontal poles 28 and U type groove 7 all are connected with a extension spring 29 outward.
In order to realize the rotation of the two turntables 18, a third gear 30 is coaxially arranged below the front turntable 18, a fourth gear 31 is meshed with the rear side of the third gear 30, a first belt pulley 32 is coaxially fixed on the fourth gear 31, a second belt pulley 33 is coaxially fixed below the rear turntable 18, and a belt 34 is connected between the second belt pulley 33 and the first belt pulley 32; when the front rotary table 18 rotates, the rear rotary table 18 can be driven by the third gear 30, the fourth gear 31 and the belt 34 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the inner sides of the two rotary tables 18 rotate to the right.
The upper surface of the bearing plate 8 is equal to the upper surface of the fixing plate 2 or slightly lower than the upper surface of the fixing plate 2, and the conveyor belt 3 is positioned below the bearing plate 8, so that books can be smoothly pushed onto the bearing plate 8 from the fixing plate 2 and then fall onto the conveyor belt 3.
The right side of the push plate 4 is in a thin blade shape, and when the book back faces to the right, the push plate 4 can be ensured to cut into the pages.
Protective edges are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the conveyor belt 3 and the sliding plate 11, so that books can be prevented from falling off.
The turnover of the first gear 6, the second gear 9, the conveyor belt 3 and the cover plate 17 is driven by a motor, the motors of the first gear 6 and the second gear 9 are controlled by a timer to rotate in a forward and reverse reciprocating manner, and the motor for turnover of the cover plate 17 is controlled by a pressure sensor 35 through a control circuit to rotate; in the initial position, the U-shaped groove 7 is located at the leftmost position, the left side of the bearing plate 8 is in contact with the right side of the fixed plate 2 at this time, the bearing plate 8 is pressed into the U-shaped groove 7, and the tension spring 29 is in a tension state; the cover 17 is in a horizontal state.
When the book sorting machine is used specifically, books to be sorted are placed in the first book box 1, the lowermost book falls on the fixing plate 2, the conveying belt 3 and the driving motors of the first gear 6 and the second gear 9 are started, the first gear 6 rotates to drive the first rack 5 to move towards the right, the first rack 5 drives the push plate 4 to move towards the right, and the second sliding block 24 slides along the second guide rod 23 to maintain the movement stability of the push plate 4; it should be noted that the first rack 5 moves rightwards and extends to the lower part of the fixed plate 2 without extending into the space between the fixed plate 2 and the first book case 1 along with the push plate 4, the push plate 4 and the first rack 5 are connected through a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is positioned at the outer side of the fixed plate 2 and cannot interfere with the fixed plate 2; when the push plate 4 moves rightwards, the second gear 9 rotates to enable the push plate to roll rightwards along the second rack 10, the second gear 9 drives the U-shaped groove 7 to move rightwards through the third sliding block 26, the moving speed of the U-shaped groove 7 is the same as that of the push plate 4, and the bearing plate 8 initially retracts into the U-shaped groove 7, so that when the U-shaped groove 7 starts to move rightwards, the bearing plate 8 can gradually extend out under the action of the tension spring 29, namely the bearing plate 8 does not move relative to the fixed plate 2 until the tension spring 29 returns to the original length, the bearing plate 8 does not move synchronously along with the U-shaped groove 7, the process that the U-shaped groove 7 moves rightwards is divided into a first stage and a second stage, the first stage is when the bearing plate 8 does not move, and the second stage is when the bearing plate 8.
When the push plate 4 moves rightwards, if the book back of the lowest book faces leftwards, the push plate 4 can push the lowest book to move rightwards, the bearing plate 8 is fixed in the first stage, so that the book can be pushed onto the bearing plate 8 by the push plate 4, the books above fall onto the push plate 4, and in the second stage, the book can synchronously move rightwards along with the bearing plate 8 and the U-shaped groove 7 to the upper part of the conveyor belt 3 and pass through the two rotary tables 18, and the U-shaped groove 7 and the bearing plate 8 are lower than the rotary tables 18 so as not to collide with the blocking disk; when the push plate 4, the U-shaped groove 7 and the bearing plate 8 move to the rightmost position, motors of the first gear 6 and the second gear 9 are reversed, the U-shaped groove 7, the bearing plate 8 and the push plate 4 start to move leftwards, when the bearing plate 8 moves leftwards, brushes on the two rotary tables 18 can shift the books on the bearing plate 8 rightwards so that the books fall onto the conveyor belt 3, when the bearing plate 8 and the U-shaped groove 7 move rightwards until the bearing plate 8 is in contact with the fixed plate 2, the U-shaped groove 7 continues to move rightwards so that the bearing plate 8 is pressed into the U-shaped groove 7, the tension spring 29 is stretched, the push plate 4 moves leftwards to withdraw from the interval between the fixed plate 2 and the first book box 1, the books fall onto the fixed plate 2, and in order to prevent the books from being taken out by the push plate 4, a downward baffle can be installed; after the push plate 4, the U-shaped groove 7 and the bearing plate 8 move to the leftmost side, the first gear 6 and the second gear 9 rotate reversely again to drive the push plate 4, the U-shaped groove 7 and the bearing plate 8 to move rightwards, and the next working cycle is started.
The books are shifted to the conveyor belt 3 by the bristles 19 on the rotary disc 18 and then move rightwards along with the conveyor belt 3, then fall onto the cover plate 17 of the second book box 12 from the right end of the conveyor belt 3, the pressure sensor 35 on the cover plate 17 detects pressure changes to control the motor of the cover plate 17 to rotate so that the cover plate 17 turns rightwards, the cover plate 17 turns rightwards to press the books on the cover plate into the second book box 12, the books push the vertical plate 13 to move rightwards, the friction damping of the two first sliding sleeves and the first guide rods 14 can enable the vertical plate 13 to provide reliable support for the right side of the books, the two elastic blocks 21 are squeezed into the blind holes 20 in the book pressing process, then the driving motor of the cover plate 17 rotates reversely, the cover plate 17 rotates back to the horizontal position, and the elastic.
If the book back of the book on the fixed plate 2 faces right, the push plate 4 moves rightwards and can cut into the pages, the book cannot move rightwards in the first stage of movement of the U-shaped groove 7, the book can be pushed to move rightwards when the right side of the push plate 4 cuts into the deepest part of the pages, the U-shaped groove 7 enters the second stage at the moment, the bearing plate 8 moves rightwards along with the U-shaped groove 7 and leaves the right side of the fixed plate 2, therefore, the book cannot be pushed onto the bearing plate 8, the book can slide down from the push plate 4 after being pushed out of the fixed plate 2, then falls onto the sliding plate 11 below from the space between the conveyor belt 3 and the fixed plate 2, then slides to the right end of the sliding plate 11 and falls onto the cover plate 17 of the second book box 12, and then the cover plate 17 of the second book box 12 turns rightwards to press the book into the second book box.
In the process, the books with the book backs facing left are conveyed into the second book box 12 at the right end of the conveyor belt 3, and the books with the book backs facing right are conveyed into the second book box 12 at the right end of the sliding plate 11, so that the sorting and the arrangement of the books with the book backs facing different directions are realized.
The book sorting machine can automatically and continuously sort books without turning the books one by one, improves the working efficiency, reduces the labor capacity, realizes the poor time movement of the book backs towards different books by cutting the push plates 4 into the book pages, realizes the sorting of the books with the book backs towards different directions by matching with the lagging right movement of the bearing plates 8, does not need complicated turning mechanisms and transmission mechanisms, has simple structure, low equipment cost, small equipment volume and high sorting speed.