CN109759580A - Three-dimensionally shaped silk, FDM three-dimensional printer and three-dimensionally shaped method - Google Patents
Three-dimensionally shaped silk, FDM three-dimensional printer and three-dimensionally shaped method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109759580A CN109759580A CN201910233681.9A CN201910233681A CN109759580A CN 109759580 A CN109759580 A CN 109759580A CN 201910233681 A CN201910233681 A CN 201910233681A CN 109759580 A CN109759580 A CN 109759580A
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- dimensionally shaped
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- shaped silk
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of three-dimensionally shaped silk, FDM three-dimensional printer and three-dimensionally shaped method, three-dimensionally shaped silk, its raw material components includes substrate and bonding agent, substrate is metal material or ceramic material, the raw material components of three-dimensionally shaped silk further include TPE and EVA, the content of TPE is 0.2wt% to 0.6wt%, and the content of EVA is 0.2wt% to 0.6wt%.Three-dimensionally shaped silk of the invention has the advantages that easy coiling, shaped object are not easy to be layered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensionally shaped technical field, be specifically related to a kind of three-dimensionally shaped silk, FDM three-dimensional printer and
Three-dimensionally shaped method.
Background technique
Three-dimensional (3D) rapid shaping (printing), also referred to as increasing material manufacturing, basic principle are continuous by printing or being laid with
Material layer generate three-dimension object.Three-dimensional fast shaping is standby or three-dimensional printer passes through the three dimensional computer modeling for converting object
And generate a series of cross-sectional slices and carry out work, each slice is then printed, one is on top of the other, to generate final
Three-dimension object.
The type that the method for three-dimensional fast shaping mainly includes are as follows: stereolithography or photocuring
(Stereolithography, SLA), layer separated growth (Laminated object manufacturing, LOM), selection
Property laser sintered (Selective laser sintering, SLS), fused glass pellet (Fused deposition
modeling,FDM)。
Currently, the three-dimensional printer (molding machine) of FDM type is most commonly seen on the market, such three-dimensional printer
Cost is relatively low, and the operating process printed is more convenient, and beginner is easily mastered.Its cardinal principle is by linear silk material such as PLA
Then (polylactic acid) utilizes the continuous crowded of subsequent wire rod by the melting of high temperature (usually 200 DEG C to 500 DEG C within the scope of) nozzle
Pressure, by the material of molten by jet expansion extrusion, then molten material on print platform layer upon layer and generate three
Tie up object.For example, application No. is in CN201410827191.9, CN201510054483.8 and CN201510313735.4
The structure feature and its working principle of the three-dimensional printer of FDM type are just described in state's invention patent application document.FDM is three-dimensional
The printed material of printer is usually Filamentous wire rod, and this filiform wire rod is generally wound around on filament cassette (silk disk) device,
Such as disclosing a kind of filament cassette application No. is CN201410046863.2 Chinese invention patent application, and application No. is
A kind of print cartridge of three-dimensional printer is disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application of CN201410476655.6.These types
Filament cassette (print cartridge) can be used for loading, coil filamentary material such as PLA printed material.In the prior art, Zhuhai martial prowess flies
Horse printing consumables Co., Ltd is to a plurality of types of FDM three-dimensional printers of market public offering, Filamentous printed material, silk
Magazine, the structure feature and working principle of these products are incorporated herein by reference.
In addition, the 3D printing for selective laser sintering molding (SLM) type, the basic principle is that on print platform upper berth
If being sintered again with laser selective after one layer of dusty material, it is laser sintered primary again that next layer then is re-layed with dusty material,
3 D stereo material object can be obtained after circulation above-mentioned steps.But laser sintered mode needs to expend a large amount of energy and could make
Dusty material forms after high temperature melting, and this 3D printing equipment needs very professional maintenance, and the cost of consumption is very big.
Such as a kind of metal powder laser is disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent application application No. is CN201420377082.7
It is sintered three-dimensional printer, the powdering on print platform is completed by powder-laying roller and is worked, carries out selective laser sintering again later,
But this printer inefficient but also laser sintered process that not only powdering works needs to expend mass energy and also can
Reduce working efficiency.In addition, the Chinese invention patent application No. is CN201310089876.3 provide a kind of printing metal with
The molding method of the mixing material of high polymer binder, and application No. is the Chinese invention patent Shens of CN201610270383.3
It please in disclosed Method of printing comprising preliminary forming step heats the 3 D-printing material with heating device
Processing, the heating temperature of heating device are 50 DEG C to 300 DEG C, and adhesive coheres metal powder at 50 DEG C to 300 DEG C, three
Tie up printed material squeeze out on print platform formed primary solidification object, sintering step primary solidification object sintering curing be at
Type object.
However, the printing effect of above-mentioned metal three-dimension object is still insufficient or it realizes that difficulty is larger.If metal
Material is made as flexible wire-shaped material, while can form three at a temperature of FDM three-dimensional printer is normally set up
Object is tieed up, can greatly promote the shaping efficiency of metal three-dimension object in this way.However, existing metal material, which can not make, to be become
Filamentary material, and this filamentary material can not be bent at all, bending when, are very easy to fracture, can not curved consequence just
It is that can not be wound on silk disk, therefore, the application on FDM three-dimensional printer just receives apparent limitation.Applying
Number for CN201610877070.4 Chinese invention patent application in disclose a kind of three-dimensionally shaped silk, by metal, pottery
(the mixing of o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) of flexibility reinforcing agent is added in the base-material of porcelain or glass material
Object), binder, dispersing agent and stabilizer, thus prepare it is a kind of can be with three-dimensionally shaped silk of the coiling on silk disk.So
And there is the phenomenon that being easy delamination splitting between layers using the three-dimension object that this three-dimensionally shaped silk prints, sternly
The use for affecting the three-dimension object printed of weight.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide the three-dimensional that the Metal Substrate being layered or ceramic base are not easy after a kind of easy coiling, molding
Form silk.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of FDM three-dimensional printer.
The third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three-dimensionally shaped method.
In order to realize the first above-mentioned purpose, three-dimensionally shaped silk provided by the invention, raw material components include substrate and
Bonding agent, substrate are metal material or ceramic material, and the raw material components of three-dimensionally shaped silk further include TPE and EVA, and TPE's contains
Amount is 0.2wt% to 0.6wt%, and the content of EVA is 0.2wt% to 0.6wt%.
Experiment shows that addition TPE and EVA can have in the three-dimensionally shaped silk that metal material or ceramic material are substrate
The flexibility of the three-dimensionally shaped silk of raising of effect, the three-dimensionally shaped silk thus prepared are easy to coiling, by this programme it is three-dimensional at
The three-dimension object that type silk prints is not easy to be layered.
Further embodiment is that the content of TPE is 0.6wt%, and the content of EVA is 0.2wt%.
Experiment shows when the content of TPE is 0.5wt%, and the content of EVA is 0.3wt%, three-dimensionally shaped silk have compared with
Good elongation at break and bending times.
Preferably, metal material is at least one of following substance: Fe/Ni metal material, Wc/Co/Cu metal material,
YBa2Cu3O7Metal material, Si/Al metal material, Al2O3/ TiC metal material, ferrous material, cobalt metal material, molybdenum
Material, chromium metal material, niobium metal material, nickel metal material, manganese Metal material, tungsten metal material, copper metal material, aluminum metal
Material.
Preferably, ceramic material is SiC material or Si3N4Material.
Preferably, binder is at least one of following substance: modeling based binder, beeswax, stearic acid, babassu
Wax, ethylene ethyl acrylate, SAN resin, ABS resin, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, two
Propylene glycol first mystery acetate, 2-Pyrrolidone, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), ethyl cellulose, acetate fiber, hydroxypropyl are fine
Tie up element, collodion cotton, Ethylene/Butylene cellulose, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenyl second
Alkene, nylon.
Further embodiment is, further includes stabilizer in the raw material components of three-dimensionally shaped silk.
Preferably, stabilizer is Zinc-oxide-based heat stabilizer.
In order to realize the second above-mentioned purpose, FDM three-dimensional printer provided by the invention, including print platform, print head
With three-dimensionally shaped silk, print head can move on three-dimensional relative to print platform, and three-dimensionally shaped silk is wrapped in FDM tri-
On the silk disk for tieing up printer；Three-dimensionally shaped silk uses above-mentioned three-dimensionally shaped silk.
In order to realize that above-mentioned third purpose, the present invention provide a kind of three-dimensionally shaped method, above-mentioned FDM 3 D-printing is used
Machine is successively molded over formation primary solidification object on print platform after melting three-dimensionally shaped silk, then by primary solidification object
It is placed under vacuum, 1300 celsius temperature environment and is sintered.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of good flexibility, easy coiling, spinning smoothly three-dimensionally shaped silk, by it is of the invention it is three-dimensional at
The three-dimension object of type silk printing shaping is not easy to be layered, good reliability.Prepare the raw material components of three-dimensionally shaped silk of the invention
Including substrate, binder, stabilizer, TPE (thermoplastic elastomer (s)) and EVA (acetic acid-vinyl acetate), wherein substrate is metal
Material or ceramic material.
Metal material is selected from least one of following substance: Fe/Ni metal material, Wc/Co/Cu metal material,
YBa2Cu3O7Metal material, Si/Al metal material, Al2O3/ TiC metal material, ferrous material, cobalt metal material, molybdenum
Material, chromium metal material, niobium metal material, nickel metal material, manganese Metal material, tungsten metal material, copper metal material, aluminum metal
Material.
Ceramic material is SiC material or Si3N4Material.
Binder is selected from least one of following substance: modeling based binder, beeswax, stearic acid, Brazil wax, ethylene
Ethyl acrylate, SAN resin, ABS resin, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, dipropylene glycol first
It is mystery acetate, 2-Pyrrolidone, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), ethyl cellulose, acetate fiber, hydroxypropyl cellulose, low
Nitrogen nitrocellulose, Ethylene/Butylene cellulose, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, nylon.
Stabilizer is Zinc-oxide-based heat stabilizer.
1, metal matrix three-dimensional forms silk embodiment.
Table 1
Given in table 19 groups of different ratios metal matrix three-dimensional molding silk raw material components, the content of each component with
Weight percent meter.
After above-mentioned each group of raw material components are mixed, the raw material mixed is carried out through screw extruder, molding die
It squeezes, carries out wire drawing using wire rod of the wire drawing machine to extrusion, be consistent the diameter of wire rod, obtain 9 groups of three-dimensionally shaped silks.
It tests the elongation at break of this 9 groups of three-dimensionally shaped silks and is recorded in table 2.This 9 groups of three-dimensionally shaped silks are existed
Continuous uniform alternating bending on Apparatus for Bending at low-temp records the bending number before fractureing.By this 9 groups of three-dimensionally shaped silks around regulation
Diameter test stick, coiling advise fixing turn, observe three-dimensionally shaped silk surface situation of change, are easily broken off and show that winding is difficult, no
Easy fracture shows that winding is easy, and result is recorded in table 2.9 groups of three-dimensionally shaped silks are passed through FDM three-dimensional printer respectively to print
(three-dimensionally shaped silk squeezes out preliminary accumulation molding from printing nozzle end to three-dimension object, then that preliminary 3 D-printing is after molding
Object is placed under 1300 celsius temperature environment of vacuum and is sintered, and is finally completed three-dimension object molding), detection three-dimension object is
No easy layering, is as a result recorded in table 2.
Table 2
| Project | Elongation at break | Bending times | Wind degree of difficulty | Three-dimension object delamination |
| 1 | 2% | 2 | It is difficult | Easily layering |
| 2 | 8% | 10 | It is difficult | Easily layering |
| 3 | 13% | 18 | Easily | It is not layered |
| 4 | 17% | 27 | Easily | It is not layered |
| 5 | 18% | 32 | Easily | It is not layered |
| 6 | 20% | 38 | Easily | It is not layered |
| 7 | 22% | 42 | Easily | It is not layered |
| 8 | 23% | 44 | Easily | Easily layering |
| 9 | 25% | 45 | Easily | Easily layering |
The three-dimensional article that the three-dimensionally shaped silk that can be seen that the formula preparation of 3-7 group from the experimental result of table 2 prints
Body does not occur lamination, and this several groups three-dimensionally shaped silk is easy winding.In conjunction with Tables 1 and 2 as can be seen that passing through addition
TPE and EVA can effectively improve the suppleness of metal matrix three-dimensional molding silk, when the additive amount of TPE is in 0.2wt% or more
When, metal matrix three-dimensional forms silk and is easy coiling；When the additive amount of TPE controls the additive amount in 0.2wt% to 0.6wt%, EVA
It is not stratified to control the metal matrix three-dimensional molding silk printing obtained in 0.2wt% to 0.6wt%, there is good product matter
Amount.It can be seen that from the 7th group of experimental data when the content of TPE is 0.6wt%, and the content of EVA is 0.2wt%, obtain
The 3-D. formed body that metal matrix three-dimensional molding silk not only obtains is not easy to be layered, but also has good elongation at break and folding
The performance of curved number, thus obtained metal matrix three-dimensional molding silk is best.
2, ceramic-based three-dimensional forms silk embodiment.
Table 3
Given in table 39 groups of different ratios ceramic-based three-dimensional molding silk raw material components, the content of each component with
Weight percent meter.The experimental data of ceramic-based three-dimensional molding silk is given in table 3 simultaneously, ceramic-based three-dimensional forms silk
Preparation method and laboratory facilities are identical as metal matrix three-dimensional molding silk.As can be seen that passing through addition from the result of table 3
TPE and EVA can effectively improve the suppleness of ceramic-based three-dimensional molding silk, when the additive amount of TPE is in 0.2wt% or more
When, ceramic-based three-dimensional forms silk and is easy coiling；When the additive amount of TPE controls the additive amount in 0.2wt% to 0.6wt%, EVA
In 0.2wt% to 0.6wt%, obtained ceramic-based three-dimensional molding silk printing is not stratified for control, has good product matter
Amount.It can be seen that from the 17th group of experimental data when the content of TPE is 0.6wt%, and the content of EVA is 0.2wt%, obtain
The 3-D. formed body that not only obtains of metal matrix three-dimensional molding silk be not easy to be layered, but also have good elongation at break and
The performance of bending times, thus obtained metal matrix three-dimensional molding silk is best.
Finally it is emphasized that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, it is right
For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various change and change, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention,
Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. three-dimensionally shaped silk, raw material components include substrate and bonding agent, and the substrate is metal material or ceramic material,
It is characterized in that:
The raw material components of the three-dimensionally shaped silk further include TPE and EVA, and the content of the TPE is 0.2wt% to 0.6wt%,
The content of the EVA is 0.2wt% to 0.6wt%.
2. three-dimensionally shaped silk according to claim 1 it is characterized by:
The content of the TPE is 0.6wt%, and the content of the EVA is 0.2wt%.
3. three-dimensionally shaped silk according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
The metal material is at least one of following substance: Fe/Ni metal material, Wc/Co/Cu metal material,
YBa2Cu3O7Metal material, Si/Al metal material, Al2O3/ TiC metal material, ferrous material, cobalt metal material, molybdenum
Material, chromium metal material, niobium metal material, nickel metal material, manganese Metal material, tungsten metal material, copper metal material, aluminum metal
Material.
4. three-dimensionally shaped silk according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
The ceramic material is SiC material or Si3N4Material.
5. three-dimensionally shaped silk according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
The binder is at least one of following substance: modeling based binder, beeswax, stearic acid, Brazil wax, ethylene propylene
Olefin(e) acid ethyl ester, SAN resin, ABS resin, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, dipropylene glycol first mystery
Acetate, 2-Pyrrolidone, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), ethyl cellulose, acetate fiber, hydroxypropyl cellulose, low nitrogen
Nitrocellulose, Ethylene/Butylene cellulose, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, nylon.
6. three-dimensionally shaped silk according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
It further include stabilizer in the raw material components of the three-dimensionally shaped silk.
7. three-dimensionally shaped silk according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The stabilizer is Zinc-oxide-based heat stabilizer.
8.FDM three-dimensional printer, comprising:
Print platform；
Print head, the print head can move on three-dimensional relative to the print platform；
Three-dimensionally shaped silk is wrapped on the silk disk of the FDM three-dimensional printer；
It is characterized by:
The three-dimensionally shaped silk uses three-dimensionally shaped silk as described in any one of claim 1 to 7.
9. three-dimensionally shaped method, it is characterised in that:
It will be successively molded over after the three-dimensionally shaped silk melting using FDM three-dimensional printer as claimed in claim 8 described
Primary solidification object is formed on print platform, and the primary solidification object is then placed on vacuum, 1300 celsius temperature rings
It is sintered under border.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910233681.9A CN109759580B (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Three-dimensional forming wire material, FDM three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional forming method |
| CN202010515059.XA CN111673079A (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Three-dimensional forming silk material, preparation method thereof, three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional forming method |
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| CN201910233681.9A CN109759580B (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Three-dimensional forming wire material, FDM three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional forming method |
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| CN202010515059.XA Division CN111673079A (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Three-dimensional forming silk material, preparation method thereof, three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional forming method |
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| CN202010515059.XA Pending CN111673079A (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Three-dimensional forming silk material, preparation method thereof, three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional forming method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110076335A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-02 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Three-dimensionally shaped silk and the three-dimensionally shaped method of FDM |
| CN112296353A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-02-02 | 安徽元琛环保科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of metal and high polymer material composite 3D printing wire |
| CN115106521A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of wire for additive manufacturing |
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| CN110076335A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-02 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Three-dimensionally shaped silk and the three-dimensionally shaped method of FDM |
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| CN115106521B (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2024-02-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of wire rod for additive manufacturing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111673079A (en) | 2020-09-18 |
| CN109759580B (en) | 2021-07-16 |
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