CN107876751A - The three-dimensionally shaped silks of FDM, manufacture method and forming method - Google Patents
The three-dimensionally shaped silks of FDM, manufacture method and forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107876751A CN107876751A CN201610958197.9A CN201610958197A CN107876751A CN 107876751 A CN107876751 A CN 107876751A CN 201610958197 A CN201610958197 A CN 201610958197A CN 107876751 A CN107876751 A CN 107876751A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of three-dimensionally shaped silk, manufacture method and forming method.The component of three-dimensionally shaped silk includes:Metal material, binding agent, dispersant, pliability reinforcing agent and stabilizer.Metal material is made as flexible wire-shaped material by the present invention, while three-dimensional body can be formed at a temperature of FDM three-dimensional printers are normally set up, and greatly lifts the shaping efficiency of metal three-dimensional body.This filamentary material realizes the bending of wire-shaped material, will not fracture when bending, its application on FDM three-dimensional printers realizes breakthrough.The forming process of the metal three-dimensional body of traditional handicraft is slower, and after applying filamentary material provided by the invention, it is molded using FDM three-dimensional printers, shaping efficiency is significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensionally shaped silk and its manufacture method, specifically, be related to a kind of three-dimensionally shaped silk and
Its manufacture method.
Background technology
It is three-dimensional（3D）Rapid shaping（Printing）, also referred to as increasing material manufacturing, general principle is continuous by printing or laying
Material layer produce three-dimensional body.Three-dimensional fast shaping is standby or three-dimensional printer is by changing the three dimensional computer modeling of object
And produce a series of cross-sectional slices and carry out work, the then each section of printing, one is on top of the other, final so as to produce
Three-dimensional body.
The type that the method for three-dimensional fast shaping mainly includes is：Stereolithography or photocuring
（Stereolithography, SLA), layer separated growth（Laminated object manufacturing, LOM), choosing
Selecting property is laser sintered（Selective laser sintering, SLS), fused glass pellet（Fused deposition
modeling, FDM)。
At present, the three-dimensional printer of FDM types on the market（Forming machine）It is most commonly seen, such three-dimensional printer
Cost is relatively low, and the operating process printed is more convenient, and beginner is easily mastered.Its cardinal principle is by wire silk material such as PLA
（PLA）Pass through high temperature（Usually in the range of 200 DEG C to 500 DEG C）Nozzle melts, and is then squeezed using the continuous of follow-up wire rod
Pressure, the material of molten is extruded by jet expansion, then molten material on print platform layer upon layer and produce three
Tie up object.For example, in Application No. CN201410827191.9, CN201510054483.8 and CN201510313735.4
The architectural feature and its operation principle of the three-dimensional printer of FDM types are just described in state's invention patent application document.FDM is three-dimensional
The printed material of printer is usually thread wire rod, and this thread wire rod is typically wound around filament cassette（Silk disk）On device,
Such as a kind of filament cassette is disclosed in Application No. CN201410046863.2 Chinese invention patent applications, and in Application No.
A kind of print cartridge of three-dimensional printer is disclosed in CN201410476655.6 Chinese invention patent application.These types
Filament cassette（Print cartridge）It can be used for loading, coil filamentary material such as PLA printed materials.In the prior art, Zhuhai martial prowess flies
Horse printing consumables Co., Ltd warp-wise market public offering polytype FDM three-dimensional printers, thread printed material, silk
Magazine, the architectural feature and operation principle of these products are incorporated herein by reference.
In addition, it is molded for selective laser sintering（SLM）The 3D printing of type, its general principle are on print platform
Sintered again with laser selective after one layer of dusty material of laying, then re-lay next layer again laser sintered one with dusty material
It is secondary, it can obtain 3 D stereo material object after circulating above-mentioned steps.But laser sintered mode needs to expend substantial amounts of energy ability
So that dusty material is in high temperature melting aftershaping, and this 3D printing equipment needs very professional maintenance, the cost of consumption
Greatly.Such as disclose a kind of metal dust in Application No. CN201420377082.7 Chinese utility model patent application
Laser sintered three-dimensional printer, its powdering completed by powder-laying roller on print platform work, and carry out selective laser again afterwards
Sintering, but not only the inefficient and laser sintered process of powdering work needs to expend mass energy this printer
And it can also reduce operating efficiency.In addition, the Chinese invention patent in Application No. CN201310089876.3 provides a kind of printing
The method of the mixing material of metal and high polymer binder shaping, and in Application No. CN201610270383.3 Chinese invention
In the Method of printing of patent application publication, that includes preliminary forming step, and the 3 D-printing material is entered with heater
Row heats, and the heating-up temperature of heater is 50 DEG C to 300 DEG C, and adhesive sticks metal dust at 50 DEG C to 300 DEG C
Knot, 3 D-printing material extrusion is formed primary solidification object on print platform, sintering step sinters primary solidification object
It is cured as shaped object.
However, the printing effect of above-mentioned metal three-dimensional body is still insufficient, or it realizes that difficulty is larger.If metal
Material is made as flexible wire-shaped material, while can be in the temperature that FDM three-dimensional printers are normally set up（Such as 200 DEG C
To 300 DEG C）Lower formation three-dimensional body, it so can greatly lift the shaping efficiency of metal three-dimensional body.However, existing metal
Material can not be made as filamentary material, and this filamentary material can not be bent at all, be very easy to fracture when bending,
The consequence that can not be bent can not be exactly wound on silk disk, and therefore, its application on FDM three-dimensional printers just receives bright
Aobvious limitation.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for prior art, the main object of the present invention are to provide a kind of three-dimensionally shaped silk, and this three
Dimension shaping silk can crimp to be coiled on the silk disk of FDM three-dimensional printers for dish type, then passes through FDM three-dimensional printers
Forming principle the shaping of three-dimensional body can be completed at 200 DEG C to 500 DEG C.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of manufacture method of above-mentioned three-dimensionally shaped silk.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of shaping side of FDM three-dimensional printers using above-mentioned three-dimensionally shaped silk
Method.
The component of the three-dimensionally shaped silks of FDM provided by the invention includes:
Base material, base material are metal material either ceramic material or glass material, the percentage by weight that base material occupies be 60% with
On；
Binding agent, the percentage by weight that binding agent occupies are more than 1%；
Dispersant, the percentage by weight that dispersant occupies are more than 0.1%；
Pliability reinforcing agent, the percentage by weight that pliability reinforcing agent occupies are more than 0.1%.
From such scheme, using metal material system either ceramic material or glass material as flexible metal material
Material system either ceramic material or glass material filamentary material, while can be in the temperature that FDM three-dimensional printers are normally set up（Such as
200 DEG C to 300 DEG C）Lower formation three-dimensional body, greatly lift the shaping efficiency of metal three-dimensional body.This filamentary material is realized
The bending of metal material system either ceramic material or glass material, it will not fracture when bending, it is in FDM 3 D-printings
Application on machine realizes breakthrough.The forming process of the metal three-dimensional body of traditional handicraft is slower, and applies provided by the invention
After filamentary material, it is molded using FDM three-dimensional printers, shaping efficiency is significantly improved.
One preferable scheme is that metal material is at least one of following material：Fe/Ni metal materials, Wc/Co/
Cu metal materials, YBa2Cu3O7 metal materials, Si/Al metal materials, Al2O3/Tic metal materials, ferrous material, cobalt gold
Belong to material, Molybdenum metal materials industry, chromium metal material, niobium metal material, nickel metal material, manganese Metal material, tungsten metal material, copper gold
Belong to material, aluminum metallic material.
Ceramic material is SiC material, Si3N4 materials.
One preferable scheme is that binding agent is at least one of following material：Paraffin based binder, beeswax, tristearin
Acid, Brazil wax, ethylene ethyl acrylate, SAN resins, ABS resin, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene glycol two
Acrylate, DPG first mystery acetate, 2-Pyrrolidone, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), ethyl cellulose, acetic acid are fine
Dimension, hydroxypropyl cellulose, collodion cotton, Ethylene/Butylene cellulose, polyvinyl butyral, poly terephthalic acid second two
Alcohol ester, polystyrene, nylon；
Dispersant is at least one of following material：Polyamide, polyformaldehyde, polypropylene, polyethylene, ethene-vinyl acetate are common
Polymers, polyacrylate.
One preferable scheme is that FDM 3 D-printings silk also includes stabilizer, and stabilizer is Zinc-oxide-based thermostabilization
Agent；Pliability reinforcing agent is plasticizer, and plasticizer is the mixture of o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), adjacent
The percentage by weight of phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is 0.1：1 to 10：1.
One preferable scheme is that the percentage by weight that base material occupies is 85% to 90%；The weight percent that binding agent occupies
Than being 4% to 9%；The percentage by weight that dispersant occupies is 0.5% to 3%；The percentage by weight that pliability reinforcing agent occupies is
0.5% to 3%；The percentage by weight that stabilizer occupies is 0.5% to 0.8%.
One preferable scheme is that the bending strength of three-dimensionally shaped silk is more than 6.5 MPa.
Three-dimensionally shaped silk provided by the invention includes base material, and base material is metal material either ceramic material or glass material
Material, the percentage by weight that base material occupies is more than 60%；The bending strength of three-dimensionally shaped silk is more than 6.5 MPa.
The forming method of FDM three-dimensional printers provided by the invention, FDM three-dimensional printers include print platform, printhead
With three-dimensionally shaped silk；Printhead can move relative to print platform on three-dimensional, be wrapped in the silk of FDM three-dimensional printers
On charging tray；Forming method includes preliminary forming step：Printhead is successively molded over print platform after three-dimensionally shaped silk is melted
Upper formation primary solidification object, and melting temperature of the three-dimensionally shaped silk in printhead is 180 DEG C to 350 DEG C；
The component of three-dimensionally shaped silk includes:
Base material, base material are metal material either ceramic material or glass material, the percentage by weight that base material occupies be 60% with
On；
Binding agent, the percentage by weight that binding agent occupies are more than 1%；
Dispersant, the percentage by weight that dispersant occupies are more than 0.1%；
Pliability reinforcing agent, the percentage by weight that pliability reinforcing agent occupies are more than 0.1%.
One preferable scheme is also to include defatting step after preliminary forming step, that is, is removed after the heating viscous
Agent, dispersant plasticizer are tied, defatting step can use the defatting step before the metal sintering shaping of prior art.
One preferable scheme is also to include sintering step after preliminary forming step.
The manufacture method of three-dimensionally shaped silk provided by the invention, including following step：
Preparation process：Obtain base material, binding agent, dispersant, pliability reinforcing agent and stabilizer, base material be metal powder material or
Person's ceramic powder material or glass powder material, the percentage by weight that base material occupies are more than 60%, the weight that binding agent occupies
Percentage is more than 1%, and the percentage by weight that dispersant occupies is more than 0.1%, the percentage by weight that pliability reinforcing agent occupies
It is more than 0.1%；
Extrusion step, base material, binding agent, dispersant, pliability reinforcing agent are extruded by screw extruder, and through overmolding
Head is extruded at 100 DEG C to 250 DEG C and obtains extruded material；
Drawing step, extruded material obtain filamentary material using wire drawing machine wire drawing;
Curled hair step, filamentary material is crimped onto on silk disk.
The component of rollable metal matrix three-dimensional shaping silk provided by the invention includes:Metal material, metal material occupy
Percentage by weight be 80% to 90%；Binding agent, the percentage by weight that binding agent occupies are 1% to 10%；Dispersant, dispersant account for
According to percentage by weight be 0.1% to 5%；Pliability reinforcing agent, the percentage by weight that pliability reinforcing agent occupies are 0.1% to 5%.
From such scheme, metal material is made as flexible wire-shaped material, while can be three-dimensional in FDM
The temperature that printer is normally set up（Such as 200 DEG C to 300 DEG C）Lower formation three-dimensional body, greatly lifted metal three-dimensional body into
Type efficiency.This filamentary material realizes the bending of wire-shaped material, will not fracture when bending, and it is beaten FDM is three-dimensional
Application on print machine realizes breakthrough.The forming process of the metal three-dimensional body of traditional handicraft is slower, and applies the present invention to provide
Filamentary material after, be molded using FDM three-dimensional printers, shaping efficiency is significantly improved.
One preferable scheme is that metal material is at least one of following material：Fe/Ni metal materials（Iron nickel closes
Gold）, Wc/Co/Cu metal materials（Tungsten carbide/cobalt/copper alloy）、YBa2Cu3O7Metal material（Yttrium barium copper oxide）, SiC metals
Material（Carborundum）、Si3N4Metal material（Silicon nitride）, Si/Al metal materials（Silico-aluminum）、Al2O3/ Tic metal materials
（Aluminum oxide/titanium carbide composite）, ferrous material, cobalt metal material, Molybdenum metal materials industry, chromium metal material, niobium metal material
Material, nickel metal material, manganese Metal material, tungsten metal material, copper metal material, aluminum metallic material.
One preferable scheme is that binding agent is at least one of following material：Paraffin based binder, beeswax, tristearin
Acid, Brazil wax, ethylene ethyl acrylate, styrene-acrylonitrile（SAN）Resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
（ABS）Resin, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)（PBT）, polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, DPG first mystery acetate, 2-
Pyrrolidones, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), ethyl cellulose, acetate fiber, hydroxypropyl cellulose, low nitrogen nitrocellulose
Element, Ethylene/Butylene cellulose, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, nylon.
One preferable scheme is that dispersant is at least one of following material：Polyamide（PA）, polyformaldehyde（POM）、
Polypropylene（PP）, polyethylene（PE）, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer（EVA）, polyacrylate（PEA）.
One preferable scheme is that stabilizer is Zinc-oxide-based heat stabilizer.
One preferable scheme is that pliability reinforcing agent is o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester（DOP）With the fourth of phthalic acid two
Fat（DBP）Mixture, the percentage by weight of o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is 0.1：1 to 10：1.
One preferable scheme is that the percentage by weight that metal material occupies is 85% to 90%；The weight that binding agent occupies
Percentage is 4% to 9%；The percentage by weight that dispersant occupies is 0.5% to 3%；The percentage by weight that pliability reinforcing agent occupies
It is 0.5% to 3%；The percentage by weight that stabilizer occupies is 0.5% to 0.8%.
One preferable scheme is that the bending strength of rollable metal matrix three-dimensional shaping silk is more than 6.5 MPa.
Rollable metal matrix three-dimensional shaping silk provided by the invention, the bending of rollable metal matrix three-dimensional shaping silk
Intensity is more than 6.5 MPa.
Present invention also offers the forming method of FDM three-dimensional printers, three-dimensional printer include print platform, printhead and
Three-dimensionally shaped silk；Printhead can move relative to print platform on three-dimensional, and three-dimensionally shaped silk is wrapped in FDM three-dimensionals
On the silk disk of printer；Forming method includes preliminary forming step：Printhead is successively molded after three-dimensionally shaped silk is melted
Primary solidification object is formed on print platform, and melting temperature of the three-dimensionally shaped silk in printhead is 180 DEG C to 350
℃；The component of three-dimensionally shaped silk includes:Metal material, the percentage by weight that metal material occupies are 80% to 90%；Binding agent,
The percentage by weight that binding agent occupies is 1% to 10%；Dispersant, the percentage by weight that dispersant occupies are 0.1% to 5%；It is flexible
Property reinforcing agent, the percentage by weight that pliability reinforcing agent occupies is 0.1% to 5%；Stabilizer, the percentage by weight that stabilizer occupies
It is 0.1% to 1%.
One preferable scheme is also to include sintering step after preliminary forming step.
The manufacture method of rollable metal matrix three-dimensional shaping silk provided by the invention includes following step：
Preparation process：Obtain metal powder material, binding agent, dispersant, pliability reinforcing agent and stabilizer, metal powder material
The percentage by weight occupied is 80% to 90%, and the percentage by weight that binding agent occupies is 1% to 10%, the weight hundred that dispersant occupies
It is 0.1% to 5% to divide ratio, and the percentage by weight that pliability reinforcing agent occupies is 0.1% to 5%, the percentage by weight that stabilizer occupies
It is 0.1% to 1%；
Extrusion step, metal powder material, binding agent, dispersant, pliability reinforcing agent and stabilizer by screw extruder,
And extruded by molding extruder head at 100 DEG C to 250 DEG C and obtain extruded material；
Drawing step, extruded material obtain filamentary material using wire drawing machine wire drawing;
Curled hair step, filamentary material is crimped onto on silk disk.
One preferable scheme is that the molding extruder head is extruded at 160 DEG C to 190 DEG C and obtains extruded material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the manufacture method embodiment of the three-dimensionally shaped silk of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the screw extruder of manufacture method embodiment and the knot of molding extruder head of the three-dimensionally shaped silk of the present invention
Composition.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram when filamentary material of three-dimensionally shaped silk embodiment is in linear state and case of bending.
Fig. 4 is the test chart of three-dimensionally shaped silk embodiment.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment
Three-dimensionally shaped silk provided by the invention include metal material, binding agent, dispersant, pliability reinforcing agent and
Stabilizer, wherein, the percentage that metal material accounts for the gross weight of three-dimensionally shaped silk is 80% to 90%；Binding agent accounts for three-dimensionally shaped
The total weight percent of silk is 1% to 10%；The total weight percent that dispersant accounts for three-dimensionally shaped silk is 0.1% to 5%；It is flexible
The total weight percent that property reinforcing agent accounts for three-dimensionally shaped silk is 0.1% to 5%；Stabilizer accounts for the gross weight hundred of three-dimensionally shaped silk
It is 0.1% to 1% to divide ratio.
Preferably, metal material is Fe/Ni metal materials（Iron-nickel alloy）, Wc/Co/Cu metal materials（Tungsten carbide/cobalt/
Copper alloy）、YBa2Cu3O7Metal material（Yttrium barium copper oxide）, SiC metal materials（Carborundum）、Si3N4Metal material（Nitridation
Silicon）, Si/Al metal materials（Silico-aluminum）、Al2O3/ Tic metal materials（Aluminum oxide/titanium carbide composite）, ferrous metal material
Material, cobalt metal material, Molybdenum metal materials industry, chromium metal material, niobium metal material, nickel metal material, manganese Metal material, tungsten metal material
Material, copper metal material, aluminum metallic material.
Preferably, binding agent is paraffin based binder, beeswax, stearic acid, Brazil wax, ethylene ethyl acrylate, benzene
Ethylene, propylene nitrile（SAN）Resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer（ABS）Resin, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)
（PBT）, polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, DPG first mystery acetate, 2-Pyrrolidone, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT),
Ethyl cellulose, acetate fiber, hydroxypropyl cellulose, collodion cotton, Ethylene/Butylene cellulose, polyvinyl butyral,
Polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, nylon.
Preferably, dispersant is at least one of following material：Polyamide（PA）, polyformaldehyde（POM）, polypropylene
（PP）, polyethylene（PE）, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer（EVA）, polyacrylate（PEA）.Stabilizer is steady for Zinc-oxide-based heat
Determine agent.
Preferably, pliability reinforcing agent is the mixture of o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), adjacent benzene
The percentage by weight of dioctyl phthalate dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is 0.1：1 to 10：1.
Preferably, the percentage by weight that metal material occupies is 85% to 90%；The percentage by weight that binding agent occupies is 4%
To 9%；The percentage by weight that dispersant occupies is 0.5% to 3%；The percentage by weight that pliability reinforcing agent occupies is 0.5% to 3%；
The percentage by weight that stabilizer occupies is 0.5% to 0.8%.
First embodiment：
The manufacture method of the three-dimensionally shaped silk of the present embodiment includes following step.
As shown in figure 1, first, performing preparation process S1,80 parts of iron-nickel alloys are obtained（Fe/Ni）Metal material, 10 parts of stones
Wax-based binder, 0.5 part of polyamides amine dispersant, 0.5 part of pliability reinforcing agent and 0.5 part of oxidation zinc heat stabilizer.Wherein, it is flexible
Property reinforcing agent be o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) mixture, and o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and adjacent benzene
The percentage by weight of dioctyl phthalate dibutylester is 1：1.
Then, extrusion step S2 is performed, above-mentioned metal material, binding agent, dispersant, pliability reinforcing agent and stabilizer
By screw extruder, and extruded by molding extruder head at 100 DEG C to 250 DEG C and obtain extruded material.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, each component raw material is added in screw extruder 11 through charge door 10, and the prolonged agitation each component raw material of screw rod 12 is to reach mixed
Uniform purpose is closed, then obtains extruded material 14 by the extrusion of molding extruder head 13.
Then, drawing step S3 is performed, extruded material obtains filamentary material using wire drawing machine wire drawing.As shown in figure 3, it is silk
Shape material 20 can be form of straight lines, and in outer masterpiece with occuring bending and deformation, meanwhile, this thread material after flexural deformation
Material 20 will not be broken.In a preferred embodiment, cooling step, the handle in cooling step are also included after drawing step
Filamentary material is cooled to room temperature.A diameter of 1.75 millimeters ± 0.05 millimeter of filamentary material after wire drawing.
Finally, curled hair step S4 is performed, therefore can be filamentary material because this filamentary material 20 can be with flexural deformation
20 are crimped onto on silk disk.
The three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment includes print platform, printhead and three-dimensionally shaped silk, and printhead can be relative to
Print platform is moved on three-dimensional, and three-dimensionally shaped silk is wrapped on the silk disk of FDM three-dimensional printers.The present embodiment
The specific structural features and operation principle of three-dimensional printer refer to background section.The three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment into
Type method includes preliminary forming step and sintering step, and three-dimensionally shaped silk uses the three-dimensionally shaped silk of the present embodiment.
In preliminary forming step, printhead is successively molded on print platform after three-dimensionally shaped silk is melted and formed just
Step solidification object, and melting temperature of the three-dimensionally shaped silk in printhead is 180 DEG C to 350 DEG C.
In sintering step, primary solidification object obtained above place under vacuum conditions, 1200 DEG C of hot environments
Lower sintering curing, is finally completed the shaping of three-dimensional body, and the density value of the object after shaping is 7.70.The specific work of sintering step
Skill can be found in the process of existing metal powder sintered technique.
Second embodiment：
The manufacture method of the three-dimensionally shaped silk of the present embodiment includes following step.
First, preparation process is performed：Obtain 85 parts of iron-nickel alloys（Fe/Ni）Metal material, 10 parts of beeswax binding agents, 0.3
Part polyformaldehyde dispersant, 0.7 part of pliability reinforcing agent and 0.2 part of oxidation zinc heat stabilizer.Wherein, pliability reinforcing agent is adjacent benzene
The mixture of dioctyl phthalate dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP)
Percentage by weight is 0.3：1.
Then, extrusion step is performed, above-mentioned metal material, binding agent, dispersant, pliability reinforcing agent and stabilizer are led to
Screw extruder is crossed, and is extruded by molding extruder head at 160 DEG C to 190 DEG C and obtains extruded material.
Then, drawing step is performed, extruded material obtains filamentary material using wire drawing machine wire drawing, in preferred embodiment
In.Also include cooling step after drawing step, filamentary material is cooled to room temperature in cooling step.
Finally, curled hair step is performed, filamentary material is crimped onto on silk disk.
The three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment includes print platform, printhead and three-dimensionally shaped silk, and printhead can be relative to
Print platform is moved on three-dimensional, and three-dimensionally shaped silk is wrapped on the silk disk of FDM three-dimensional printers.The present embodiment
The specific structural features and operation principle of three-dimensional printer refer to background section.The three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment into
Type method includes preliminary forming step and sintering step, and three-dimensionally shaped silk uses the three-dimensionally shaped silk of the present embodiment.
In preliminary forming step, printhead is successively molded on print platform after three-dimensionally shaped silk is melted and formed just
Step solidification object, and melting temperature of the three-dimensionally shaped silk in printhead is 200 DEG C to 300 DEG C.
In sintering step, primary solidification object obtained above place under vacuum conditions, 1200 DEG C of hot environments
Lower sintering curing, is finally completed the shaping of three-dimensional body, and the density value of the object after shaping is 7.74.The specific work of sintering step
Skill can be found in the process of existing metal powder sintered technique.
3rd embodiment：
In preparation process is performed, 90 parts of iron-nickel alloys are obtained（Fe/Ni）Metal powder material, 10 parts of beeswax binding agents, 0.4 part
Polyformaldehyde dispersant, 0.6 part of pliability reinforcing agent and 0.3 part of oxidation zinc heat stabilizer.Wherein, pliability reinforcing agent is adjacent benzene two
The mixture of formic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and the weight of o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP)
It is 0.5 to measure percentage：1.The density value of object after shaping is 7.82.
Other steps are identical with above-mentioned second embodiment, repeat no more.
Fourth embodiment：
In preparation process is performed, 80 parts of iron-nickel alloys are obtained（Fe/Ni）Metal powder material, 10 parts of ethylene ethyl acrylates glue
Tie agent, 0.3 part of polypropylene dispersant, 0.7 part of pliability reinforcing agent and 0.2 part of oxidation zinc heat stabilizer.Wherein, pliability strengthens
Agent is the mixture of o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and phthalic acid
The percentage by weight of dibutylester is 0.3：1.The density value of object after shaping is 7.75.
5th embodiment：
In preparation process is performed：Obtain 85 parts of iron-nickel alloys（Fe/Ni）Metal material, 10 parts of stearic acid binders, 0.3 part it is poly-
Formaldehyde dispersant, 0.7 part of pliability reinforcing agent and 0.4 part of oxidation zinc heat stabilizer.Wherein, pliability reinforcing agent is O-phthalic
The mixture of sour dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and the weight of o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP)
Percentage is 0.8：1.The density value of object after shaping is 7.74.
Sixth embodiment：
In preparation process is performed：Obtain 85 parts of iron-nickel alloys（Fe/Ni）Metal material, 10 parts of stearic acid binders, 0.3 part it is poly-
Ethene dispersant, 0.7 part of pliability reinforcing agent and 0.5 part of oxidation zinc heat stabilizer.Wherein, pliability reinforcing agent is O-phthalic
The mixture of sour dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and the weight of o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP)
Percentage is 1.2：1.The density value of object after shaping is 7.80.
The experimental data of 7th embodiment to the 9th embodiment of three-dimensionally shaped silk is as shown in the table：
| Group | CrNiMn powder of stainless steel | Binding agent | Stabilizer zinc oxide | High temperature sintering temperature（℃） | Physical three-dimensional object density |
| 7th embodiment | 80% | 10% | 1% | 1300 | 7.71 |
| 8th embodiment | 85% | 10% | 1% | 1300 | 7.73 |
| 9th embodiment | 90% | 10% | 1% | 1300 | 7.81 |
The other steps and parameter do not addressed of 7th embodiment to the 9th embodiment are identical with first embodiment, no longer superfluous
State.
The three-dimensionally shaped silk obtained to above-mentioned first embodiment to sixth embodiment carries out specimen sample, to these samples
Tested according to standard GB/T9341-2008.Sample is shaped as：It is long 80.00 millimeters（Mm), it is wide 10.00 millimeters（), mm it is thick
4.11 millimeter（mm).The speed of test sample uses linear velocity：10.0 mm/mins（mm/min).The span of test sample is
66 millimeters（mm）.
The test result of sample is as shown in the table：
| Test index | Provide load during degree of disturbing | Provide bending stress σ fc during degree of disturbing | Bending modulus Ef | Bending strain ε fM under bending strength | Bending strength σ fM |
| Unit | N | MPa | MPa | MPa | MPa |
| Average value | 9.293 | 6.969 | 642.120 | 0.142 | 6.995 |
Wherein, curve as shown in Figure 4 is also obtained in the sample of first embodiment, and curve shows stress with strain (hundred
Point ratio) variation tendency.
Three-dimensionally shaped silk provided by the invention, the bending strength of three-dimensionally shaped silk are more than 6.9MPa, it is achieved thereby that
Metal matrix three-dimensional is molded the flexural deformation of silk and will not fractureed.
In other embodiments, three-dimensionally shaped silk of the invention does not include heat stabilizer, and still can be complete
Into the goal of the invention of the present invention, that is, in the case of not comprising heat stabilizer, the bending strength of three-dimensionally shaped silk can
Reach requirement, be coiled on silk disk.
In other embodiments, the component of three-dimensionally shaped silk also includes magnetic material such as ferroso-ferric oxide, upper
In the manufacture method for stating three-dimensionally shaped silk, in preparation process and extrusion step, magnetic material powder is with other raw materials as glued
Tie agent etc. and add mixing together.The component of three-dimensionally shaped silk can also include colouring agent or dyestuff, to cause silk to have
Different colors.Pliability reinforcing agent is, for example, plasticizer, and plasticizer is, for example, phthalate（Or phthalate
Class is also known as phthalate ester）Compound, phthalate plasticiser includes：Phthalic acid two（2- ethyl hexyls）Ester
（DEHP）, di-n-octyl phthalate（DNOP or DnOP）, BBP(Butyl Benzyl Phthalate（BBP）, phthalic acid di-secondary it is pungent
Ester（DCP）, dicyclohexyl phthalate（DCHP）Deng.The present invention is further to the material institute in the component of three-dimensionally shaped silk
Role or mechanism are set forth, but this mechanism of action does not play restriction effect to protection scope of the present invention.By
Density difference between metal material and binding agent farther out, therefore is hardly formed uniform mixed effect, and increases in component
Good effect is played in uniform mixing of the can to raw material after bonus point powder.The metal material powder and binding agent of the present invention
After forming silk, because the fragility of this silk is larger, easily fracture, and added in component soft when bending
After toughness reinforcing agent such as plasticizer, its pliability or bending strength are improved, and above-mentioned characterization result can illustrate.It is right
In the three-dimensionally shaped silk of the present invention, when its binding agent, plasticizer, dispersant use polymeric material, due to polymer point
The molecular weight of son is a wider scope, and large range of ripple occurs in this melting temperature that will result in three-dimensionally shaped silk
Move, such as melt temperature scope can cause three-dimensionally shaped silk in 200 DEG C to 230 DEG C, and after adding heat stabilizer
Melting temperature is limited in a less scope, such as between 200 DEG C to 205 DEG C.
Finally it should be noted that the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, such as bending strength is more than 6.9MPa,
The design of bending strength more than 6.5MPa etc. is also within the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- The three-dimensionally shaped silks of 1.FDM, it is characterised in that the component of the three-dimensionally shaped silk includes:Base material, the base material are metal material either ceramic material or glass material, the percentage by weight that the base material occupies It is more than 60%；Binding agent, the percentage by weight that the binding agent occupies are more than 1%；Dispersant, the percentage by weight that the dispersant occupies are more than 0.1%；Pliability reinforcing agent, the percentage by weight that the pliability reinforcing agent occupies is more than 0.1%.
- 2. the three-dimensionally shaped silks of FDM according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The metal material is at least one of following material：Fe/Ni metal materials, Wc/Co/Cu metal materials, YBa2Cu3O7Metal material, Si/Al metal materials, Al2O3/ Tic metal materials, ferrous material, cobalt metal material, molybdenum Material, chromium metal material, niobium metal material, nickel metal material, manganese Metal material, tungsten metal material, copper metal material, aluminum metal Material；The ceramic material is SiC material, Si3N4Material.
- 3. the three-dimensionally shaped silks of FDM according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The binding agent is at least one of following material：Paraffin based binder, beeswax, stearic acid, Brazil wax, ethene Ethyl acrylate, SAN resins, ABS resin, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, DPG first It is mystery acetate, 2-Pyrrolidone, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), ethyl cellulose, acetate fiber, hydroxypropyl cellulose, low Nitrogen nitrocellulose, Ethylene/Butylene cellulose, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, nylon；The dispersant is at least one of following material：Polyamide, polyformaldehyde, polypropylene, polyethylene, ethyl vinyl acetate second Alkene copolymer, polyacrylate.
- 4. the three-dimensionally shaped silks of FDM according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The three-dimensionally shaped silks of FDM also include stabilizer, and the percentage by weight that the stabilizer occupies is more than 0.1%；The stabilizer is Zinc-oxide-based heat stabilizer；The pliability reinforcing agent is plasticizer, and the plasticizer is o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) Mixture, the percentage by weight of the o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is 0.1：1 to 10：1.
- 5. three-dimensionally shaped silk according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The percentage by weight that the base material occupies is 85% to 90%；The percentage by weight that the binding agent occupies is 4% to 9%；The percentage by weight that the dispersant occupies is 0.5% to 3%；The percentage by weight that the pliability reinforcing agent occupies is 0.5% to 3%；The percentage by weight that the stabilizer occupies is 0.5% to 0.8%.
- 6. the three-dimensionally shaped silk according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that：The bending strength of the three-dimensionally shaped silk is more than 6.5 MPa.
- 7. three-dimensionally shaped silk, it is characterised in thatThe three-dimensionally shaped silk includes base material, and the base material is metal material either ceramic material or glass material, described The percentage by weight that base material occupies is more than 60%；The bending strength of the three-dimensionally shaped silk is more than 6.5 MPa.
- The forming method of 8.FDM three-dimensional printers,The FDM three-dimensional printers include：Print platform；Printhead, the printhead can move relative to the print platform on three-dimensional,Three-dimensionally shaped silk, it is wrapped on the silk disk of the FDM three-dimensional printers；It is characterized in that：The forming method includes preliminary forming step：The printhead is successively molded over after the three-dimensionally shaped silk is melted Primary solidification object is formed on the print platform, and melting temperature of the three-dimensionally shaped silk in the printhead is 180 DEG C to 350 DEG C；The component of the three-dimensionally shaped silk includes:Base material, the base material are metal material either ceramic material or glass material, the percentage by weight that the base material occupies It is more than 60%；Binding agent, the percentage by weight that the binding agent occupies are more than 1%；Dispersant, the percentage by weight that the dispersant occupies are more than 0.1%；Pliability reinforcing agent, the percentage by weight that the pliability reinforcing agent occupies is more than 0.1%.
- 9. the forming method of FDM three-dimensional printers according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Also include sintering step after the preliminary forming step.
- 10. the manufacture method of three-dimensionally shaped silk, it is characterised in that including following step：Preparation process：Base material, binding agent, dispersant, pliability reinforcing agent are obtained, the base material is metal powder material or pottery Porcelain dusty material or glass powder material, the percentage by weight that the base material occupies are more than 60%, what the binding agent occupied Percentage by weight is more than 1%, and the percentage by weight that the dispersant occupies is more than 0.1%, and the pliability reinforcing agent occupies Percentage by weight be more than 0.1%；Extrusion step, the base material, the binding agent, the dispersant, the pliability reinforcing agent by screw extruder, And extruded by molding extruder head at 100 DEG C to 250 DEG C and obtain extruded material；Drawing step, the extruded material obtain filamentary material using wire drawing machine wire drawing;Curled hair step, the filamentary material is crimped onto on silk disk.
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| CN2016108729767 | 2016-09-30 | ||
| CN201610872976 | 2016-09-30 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109354647A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-02-19 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of preparation method of glass 3D printing silk material and glassware |
| CN109759580A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-17 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Three-dimensionally shaped silk, FDM three-dimensional printer and three-dimensionally shaped method |
| CN110076335A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-02 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Three-dimensionally shaped silk and the three-dimensionally shaped method of FDM |
| CN111203540A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-05-29 | 金上晋科技(深圳)有限公司 | Complex hollowed-out metal and processing method thereof |
| CN112996613A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2021-06-18 | 纳诺伊公司 | Composition for 3D printing |
-
2016
- 2016-11-03 CN CN201610958197.9A patent/CN107876751A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109354647A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-02-19 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of preparation method of glass 3D printing silk material and glassware |
| CN109354647B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2021-05-11 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method of wire for 3D printing of glass and glass product |
| CN112996613A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2021-06-18 | 纳诺伊公司 | Composition for 3D printing |
| CN109759580A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-17 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Three-dimensionally shaped silk, FDM three-dimensional printer and three-dimensionally shaped method |
| CN109759580B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-07-16 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Three-dimensional forming wire material, FDM three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional forming method |
| CN110076335A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-02 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Three-dimensionally shaped silk and the three-dimensionally shaped method of FDM |
| CN111203540A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-05-29 | 金上晋科技(深圳)有限公司 | Complex hollowed-out metal and processing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180406 |