CN109751054B - Construction method of U-shaped large-section tunnel - Google Patents
Construction method of U-shaped large-section tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN109751054B CN109751054B CN201910235180.4A CN201910235180A CN109751054B CN 109751054 B CN109751054 B CN 109751054B CN 201910235180 A CN201910235180 A CN 201910235180A CN 109751054 B CN109751054 B CN 109751054B
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Abstract
At least four construction areas are formed on the horseshoe-shaped section of the tunnel in a separated mode, wherein the construction area ① corresponds to the arch part of the horseshoe-shaped section, the upper edge of the construction area ④ is not lower than the inverted arch and the guide table of the tunnel, the construction area ② and the construction area ③ correspond to the middle-step construction area, the construction area ③ is not smaller than the construction area ②, long-step construction is carried out through at least three construction teams, the non-construction area is used as a material conveying channel, accordingly, the conveying amount of a slag car is kept to be matched with the excavation square amount, and the construction efficiency of the horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunnel construction method, in particular to a construction method of a horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel.
Background
The classification standards of the international tunnel association for tunnel sections are: the clearance cross-sectional area is less than 3.0m2Is an ultra-small section; the area of the clearance section is more than or equal to 3.0m2And is less than or equal to 10.0m2Is a small section; the clearance cross-sectional area is more than 10.0m2And is less than or equal to 50.0m2Is of medium section; the clearance cross-sectional area is more than 50.0m2And is less than or equal to 100.0m2Is a large section; the clearance cross-sectional area is more than 100.0m2Is an ultra-large section.
In tunnel construction, the large-section tunnel and the oversized-section tunnel are large in section, the risk of full-section excavation is high, and the construction period can be shortened by excavating in the common sense step method in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel, which solves the technical problems of low equipment utilization rate and low construction efficiency of the large-section tunnel.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
designing a construction method of a horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel, at least four construction areas are formed on the horseshoe-shaped section of the tunnel in a separated mode, wherein the construction areas ① correspond to an arch part of the horseshoe-shaped section and correspond to an upper step construction area, the upper edge of a construction area ④ is not lower than an inverted arch and a guide table of the tunnel, the construction areas ② and ③ correspond to middle step construction areas and the construction area ③ is not smaller than the construction area ②, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
a first construction team positively excavates a construction area ① by adopting a blasting method, and supports the tunnel corresponding to the construction area ① in time in the process of excavating a construction area ① to form a section supporting arch frame;
after a construction area ① is excavated to a design mileage end point, the first construction team reversely digs a construction area ② downwards, the third construction team reversely digs a construction area ③ reversely by adopting an explosion method, and the third construction team lags behind the reverse digging progress of the first construction team;
a first construction team reversely excavates the construction area ④ from a design mileage terminal by adopting a blasting method, and performs preliminary supporting operation on the section supporting arch frames corresponding to the construction area ④ in time in the process of excavating the construction area ④, a second construction team positively excavates the construction area ③ by adopting the blasting method, and performs supporting operation on the section supporting arch frames corresponding to the construction area ③ in time in the process of excavating the construction area ③, wherein the upper surface of the construction area ② is used as a material conveying channel in the period until the construction area ③ is excavated;
the construction method comprises the steps that a second construction team positively excavates a construction area ④ by adopting a blasting method, slag blocks excavated by the second construction team are turned over to the rear to form a virtual slag platform, a third construction team processes the virtual slag to form a virtual slag platform, trestles are erected on the virtual slag platform and an unearthed area to form a material conveying channel of the first construction team, and in the process of excavating a construction area ④, preliminary supporting operation is timely carried out on a section supporting arch frame corresponding to the construction area ④.
Preferably, during the reverse back excavation of the construction area ④ by the first construction team from the design mileage ending point, the construction is simultaneously reversed from the design mileage ending point to form a casting floor and install the inverted arch and the guide table, and during the forward excavation of the construction area ④ by the second construction team, the construction is simultaneously forward to form a casting floor and install the inverted arch and the guide table.
Preferably, the maximum deflection f/L of the trestle is less than or equal to 0.0025, the bearing capacity of the trestle is more than or equal to 1.5 times of the maximum traffic load, the height of a connecting welding line of the trestle is more than or equal to 6mm, and the width of the connecting welding line of the trestle is more than or equal to 8 mm.
Preferably, the construction distance of the horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel is 50-100 m.
Preferably, the grade of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is grade III, and the height of the horseshoe-shaped section is 11.4m and the width of the horseshoe-shaped section is 10.5 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the construction only by adopting the step method, when the construction length is 100 meters, the equipment utilization rate is improved from 50 percent to 78 percent, and the construction period is shortened by 21 days. When the construction length is 50 meters, the equipment utilization rate is improved from 50 percent to 70 percent, and the construction period is shortened by 8 days.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing how a horseshoe-shaped section is divided by the construction method of a large-section tunnel according to the present invention, and the dimension unit in the diagram is meter.
FIG. 2 is a schematic construction diagram of a construction method for a horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1-construction area ④, 2-construction area ③, 3-pouring bottom plate, 4-virtual slag platform, 5-to-be-poured bottom plate area, 61-trestle, 62-material conveying vehicle and 7-raise.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention in detail and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.
The tunnel construction environment of the following embodiment is grade III of surrounding rock, the tunnel to be excavated is a horseshoe-shaped section, and the height of the horseshoe-shaped section is 11.4m and the width of the horseshoe-shaped section is 10.5 m.
Embodiment 1 a method for constructing a horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel, at least four construction areas are formed on the horseshoe-shaped section of the tunnel in a partitioned manner, wherein the construction area ① corresponds to an arch of the horseshoe-shaped section, corresponds to an upper step construction area, the upper edge of the construction area ④ is not lower than an inverted arch and a guide platform of the tunnel, corresponds to a lower step construction area, the construction area ② and the construction area ③ correspond to a middle step construction area, the construction area ③ is not smaller than the construction area ②, and corresponds to a specific construction environment of this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the height of the upper step construction area is 6.3m, the height of the middle step construction area is 2.0m, and the height of the lower step construction area is 3.1 m.
The method comprises the following steps:
a first construction team positively excavates a construction area ① by adopting a blasting method, and supports the tunnel corresponding to the construction area ① in time in the process of excavating a construction area ① to form a section supporting arch frame;
the method comprises the steps of excavating a construction area ② by a second construction team in a forward direction by a blasting method, wherein the second construction team lags behind the forward excavation process of the first construction team, excavating a construction area ② downwards and reversely by the first construction team after a construction area ① reaches a designed mileage end point, excavating a construction area ① 0 by a third construction team in a reverse excavation process by the first construction team, timely performing support operation on a section support arch corresponding to a construction area ② and a construction area ③ in the process of excavating the construction area ② and the construction area ① 1, wherein the upper surface of the construction area ③ serves as a material conveying passage until the construction area ② is excavated, and the reason that the reverse excavation construction area ③ of the third team can use the forward surface of the construction area ③ as a material conveying passage to keep the conveying amount of a slag car matched with the excavation amount to ensure that the upper side of the arch is not suspended when the upper side of the support arch is staggered with the lower side of a support arch to be excavated, so that the upper side of the support arch can not be excavated after the third team lags behind the reverse excavation progress of the first construction area is excavated.
The construction method comprises the steps that a first construction team reversely excavates a construction area ④ from a design mileage end point by adopting an explosion method, primary supporting operation is timely carried out on a section supporting arch corresponding to a construction area ④ in the process of excavating a construction area ④, a second construction team positively excavates a construction area ③ by adopting the explosion method, supporting operation is timely carried out on the section supporting arch corresponding to the construction area ③ in the process of excavating the construction area ③, the upper surface of a construction area ④ 0 serves as a material conveying channel in the period until the construction area ③ is excavated, and the upper surface of a construction area ② serves as a material conveying channel in the process of excavating the construction area ④ and the construction area ③ by the first construction team so as to keep the amount of slag cars matched with the excavation square amount.
The method comprises the steps that a second construction team positively excavates a construction area ④ by adopting a blasting method, slag blocks excavated by the second construction team are turned over to the rear to form virtual slag, a third construction team processes the virtual slag to form a virtual slag platform, trestles are erected on the virtual slag platform and an unearthed area to form material conveying channels of the first construction team, in the process of excavating the construction area ④, preliminary supporting operation is timely carried out on a section supporting arch frame corresponding to the construction area ④, when the second construction team positively excavates the construction area ④ by adopting the blasting method, the slag conveying channels of the construction area ④ excavated by the first construction team are excavated by the second construction team, and at the moment, the third construction team has no construction operation, so that the third construction team processes the virtual slag excavated by the second construction team and builds the trestles to convey the slag excavated by the first construction team, and the transportation amount of the slag trucks is kept to be matched with the excavation amount.
In the tunnel excavation process of the embodiment, the maximum deflection f/L of the trestle 61 is less than or equal to 0.0025, the bearing capacity of the trestle 61 is greater than or equal to 1.5 times of the maximum traffic load, the height of the connecting welding line of the trestle 61 is greater than or equal to 6mm, and the width of the connecting welding line of the trestle 61 is greater than or equal to 8 mm.
When the method of the embodiment is adopted to construct the horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel, the equipment utilization rate is improved from 50% to 70% when the construction distance is 50m, and the construction period is shortened by 8 days. When the construction length is 100 meters, the equipment utilization rate is improved from 50 percent to 78 percent, and the construction period is shortened by 21 days.
Embodiment 2 is a construction method of a horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel, which is to further improve the construction efficiency, wherein during a first construction team reversely excavates a construction area ④ from a design mileage end point, the construction is simultaneously reversely performed from the design mileage end point to form a casting bottom plate and install an inverted arch and a guide table, during a second construction team positively excavates a construction area ④, the construction is simultaneously performed in a forward direction to form a casting bottom plate and install an inverted arch and a guide table.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various specific parameters in the above embodiments can be changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and a plurality of specific embodiments are formed, which are common variation ranges of the present invention, and will not be described in detail herein.
Claims (5)
1. A construction method of a horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel, at least four construction areas are formed on the horseshoe-shaped section of the tunnel in a separated mode, wherein the construction areas ① correspond to an arch part of the horseshoe-shaped section and correspond to an upper step construction area, the upper edge of a construction area ④ is not lower than an inverted arch and a guide table of the tunnel, the construction area ② and the construction area ③ correspond to a middle step construction area, and the construction area ③ is not smaller than the construction area ②, and the construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a first construction team positively excavates a construction area ① by adopting a blasting method, and supports the tunnel corresponding to the construction area ① in time in the process of excavating a construction area ① to form a section supporting arch frame;
after a construction area ① is excavated to a design mileage end point, the first construction team reversely digs a construction area ② downwards, the third construction team reversely digs a construction area ③ reversely by adopting an explosion method, and the third construction team lags behind the reverse digging progress of the first construction team;
a first construction team reversely excavates the construction area ④ from a design mileage terminal by adopting a blasting method, and performs preliminary supporting operation on the section supporting arch frames corresponding to the construction area ④ in time in the process of excavating the construction area ④, a second construction team positively excavates the construction area ③ by adopting the blasting method, and performs supporting operation on the section supporting arch frames corresponding to the construction area ③ in time in the process of excavating the construction area ③, wherein the upper surface of the construction area ② is used as a material conveying channel in the period until the construction area ③ is excavated;
the construction method comprises the steps that a second construction team positively excavates a construction area ④ by adopting a blasting method, slag blocks excavated by the second construction team are turned over to the rear to form virtual slag, a third construction team processes the virtual slag to form a virtual slag platform, trestles are erected on the virtual slag platform and an unearthed area to form a material conveying channel of the first construction team, and in the process of excavating a construction area ④, preliminary supporting operation is timely carried out on a section supporting arch frame corresponding to the construction area ④.
2. The method of constructing a horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a first construction team reversely excavates the construction area ④ from a design mileage ending point while forming a casting bed and installing an inverted arch and a guide table reversely from the design mileage ending point, and a second construction team positively excavates the construction area ④ while simultaneously forming a casting bed and installing an inverted arch and a guide table forwardly.
3. The construction method of the horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the maximum deflection f/L of the trestle is not more than 0.0025, the bearing capacity of the trestle is not less than 1.5 times of the maximum traffic load, the height of the connecting weld of the trestle is not less than 6mm, and the width of the connecting weld of the trestle is not less than 8 mm.
4. The construction method of the horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the construction distance of the horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel is 50m to 100 m.
5. The construction method of the horseshoe-shaped large-section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the grade of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is grade III, and the height of the horseshoe-shaped section is 11.4m and the width of the horseshoe-shaped section is 10.5 m.
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| CN110030000B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-06-16 | 西南交通大学 | One-step-distance one-turn construction method for small-section tunnel |
| CN114382489B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2024-06-14 | 中铁隧道局集团建设有限公司 | Tunnel vibration reduction control blasting structure and construction method |
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| GB838192A (en) * | 1958-02-25 | 1960-06-22 | Erik Ingvar Janelid | Method of blasting out rock excavations such as drifts, tunnels and the like |
| CN103628889A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-12 | 中铁十三局集团有限公司 | Quick sealing method for excavating phyllite stratum tunnel |
| CN106121659B (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-09-25 | 中交一公局第三工程有限公司 | The narrow-bore tunnel excavation method of major urban arterial highway upper-soft lower-hard ground is worn under one kind |
| CN106194195A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 中铁建大桥工程局集团第五工程有限公司 | Collapsible Loess District large cross-section tunnel three step is without remaining core soil in advance construction method |
| CN106869944B (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-08-31 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | The extra small clear-distance tunnel construction method in underground interchange intersection under complex environment |
| CN107542474B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2019-04-23 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | Tunnel oversized widened section surface controlled blasting excavation construction method |
| CN108915696B (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2021-04-27 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Construction organization method for complete mechanical equipment of tunnel |
| CN109372518B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-02-18 | 北京交通大学 | Reverse excavation construction method for tunnel abrupt-change section |
| CN109057807A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-12-21 | 北京市市政三建设工程有限责任公司 | A kind of gradual change Large span tunnel reversely digs method |
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