CN109750401B - Four-channel alternating drafting, twisting and coating ring spindle fancy yarn forming device and method - Google Patents

Four-channel alternating drafting, twisting and coating ring spindle fancy yarn forming device and method Download PDF

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CN109750401B
CN109750401B CN201910207393.6A CN201910207393A CN109750401B CN 109750401 B CN109750401 B CN 109750401B CN 201910207393 A CN201910207393 A CN 201910207393A CN 109750401 B CN109750401 B CN 109750401B
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yarn
roller
component
channel
fancy
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CN109750401A (en
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刘曰兴
薛元
刘立霞
乔传亮
王玉平
莫振恩
刘成禄
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Jiangnan University
Yuyue Home Textile Co Ltd
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Jiangnan University
Yuyue Home Textile Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a four-channel alternating drafting twisting coating ring spindle fancy yarn forming device and a method, wherein the yarn forming device comprises a first channel, a second channel, a third channel and a fourth channel; the channel is provided with a first twisting point and a second twisting point; the first component yarn, the second component yarn and the third component yarn are alternately twisted through first twisting points to form a fancy yarn main body; and through the second twisting points, the fourth component yarn carries out cladding twisting on the fancy yarn main body to form the fancy yarn. The invention realizes one-step spinning of fancy yarn by carrying out alternating drafting, alternating twisting and cladding processes by a one-step method, and simultaneously realizes on-line changes of colors and forms of bamboo joints, large belly, knots, circles and braids of the fancy yarn by regulating and controlling the speed of the cooperative feeding twisting points of the fancy yarn and the core yarn, regulating and controlling the linear density and blending ratio of the fancy yarn, regulating and controlling the twist of the core yarn, regulating and controlling the switching of the core yarn and the fancy yarn and other technical means, and expands new varieties of fancy yarn.

Description

Four-channel alternating drafting, twisting and coating ring spindle fancy yarn forming device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spinning in textile engineering, in particular to a four-channel alternating drafting twisting coating ring spindle fancy yarn forming device and method.
Background
The fancy yarn generally comprises three components of core yarn, decorative yarn and fixing yarn, and the strength of the fancy yarn is usually ensured by the core yarn, so that the core yarn needs higher strength; the change of the pattern yarn shape and color is provided by the decorative yarn, so the decorative yarn generally adopts color yarn, slub yarn, large belly yarn and the like; the stability of the fancy yarn structure is positioned by relying on the fixation of the yarn binding knot, so the fixation of the yarn is usually thinner and has higher strength.
The fancy yarn making by using ring spindle equipment is mainly carried out in a ring spindle twisting machine. The ring spinning is generally used for producing fancy yarn by a three-step method, wherein the first step is to spin out core yarn, decorative yarn and fixing yarn respectively; twisting the decorative yarn and the core yarn by Z twisting, overfeeding the core yarn, and forming different designs by controlling overfeeding amount; thirdly, twisting the twisted yarn of the fixed yarn and the decorative yarn core yarn for secondary twisting by S twisting, thereby forming the fancy yarn.
The main problems of ring spinning to produce fancy yarn are as follows:
1. low production efficiency
The fancy yarn produced by the ring spindle fancy twisting machine generally belongs to a multi-step forming process, and is easy to cause the pattern shape of the fancy yarn in the secondary twisting process, and the spinning speed is low during ply twisting, so that the production efficiency of the ring spindle fancy twisting machine is low;
2. Spun fancy yarn of limited variety
The ring spindle fancy twisting machine is mainly used for spinning fiber type slub yarns, large-belly yarns and yarn type knot yarns, is rarely used for producing yarn type large-belly yarns, ring yarns and plait yarns, and cannot produce fiber type large-belly yarns, ring yarns and plait yarns, so that the spinnable fancy yarn varieties are limited.
3. The structure, shape and color of the fancy yarn can hardly change, and can not change on line.
Because the ring spindle fancy twisting machine is used for twisting the core yarn, the ornamental yarn and the fixed yarn into the fancy yarn through secondary wrapping, the wrapping structure, the shape, the color, the style and the hand feeling of the fancy yarn are difficult to change on line through the regulation and control of spinning equipment and spinning technology in the spinning process of the fancy yarn, and the requirements of the fancy yarn clothing fabric with various shapes, rich and fine colors and flexible style and front sanitation cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for four-channel ring spinning fancy yarn and a one-step forming method, which combine a fancy yarn, a core yarn and a solid yarn into a complex fancy yarn comprising a knot, a loop, a braid and other combined flower type yarns through alternating drafting, cooperative conveying, alternating twisting, cladding and other processes so as to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the four-way alternating drafting, twisting and coating ring spindle fancy yarn forming device provided by the invention comprises a first channel for passing a first component yarn, a second channel for passing a second component yarn, a third channel for passing a third component yarn and a fourth channel for passing a fourth component yarn;
the first channel is sequentially provided with a first back roller, a first middle roller, a first front roller, a first twisting point and a second twisting point;
the second channel is sequentially provided with a second back roller, a second middle roller, a second front roller, the first twisting point and the second twisting point;
a third front roller, the first twisting point and the second twisting point are sequentially arranged on the third channel;
the fourth channel is sequentially provided with an introducing roller and the second twisting point;
the areas among the rear roller, the middle roller and the front roller on the first channel and the second channel are drafting areas, and an interactive twisting triangle area is formed among the first front roller, the second front roller, the third front roller and the first twisting point; the first front roller, the second front roller and the third front roller respectively and independently move, and respectively introduce corresponding component yarns into an interactive twisting triangle;
One or more yarns in the first component yarn, the second component yarn and/or the third component yarn are led to the alternating twisting triangular area and twisted to form a fancy yarn main body;
the fourth component yarn is led to the second twisting point through the leading-in roller, is intersected with the fancy yarn main body and coats the fancy yarn main body.
Further, the first back roller and the second back roller are coaxial and can be arranged in a relative rotation manner in the circumferential direction; the first middle roller and the second middle roller are coaxial and can be arranged in a relative rotation manner in the circumferential direction; the first front roller, the second front roller and the third front roller are coaxial and can be arranged in a relative rotation mode in the circumferential direction.
The invention breaks the technical bottleneck of ring spinning in the aspect of fancy yarn forming, implements alternating drafting, cooperative output, alternating twisting and cladding processes through a one-step method, realizes one-step spinning of fancy yarns (comprising core yarns, ornamental yarns and solid yarns), and simultaneously realizes on-line changes of colors and forms of fancy yarn bamboo joints, large belly, knots, circles and braids by technical means of regulating and controlling the output speed of the ornamental yarns and the core yarns, regulating and controlling the linear density and blending ratio of the ornamental yarns, regulating and controlling the twist of the core yarns, regulating and controlling the switching of the core yarns and the ornamental yarns, and the like, thereby expanding new varieties of fancy yarns.
Wherein preferably, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are decorative yarns, the third component yarn is core yarn, and the fourth component yarn is solid yarn.
Of course, the roles of the first component yarn, the second component yarn and the third component yarn, and even the fourth component yarn are opposite, namely, any one or any two of the first component yarn, the second component yarn and the third component yarn can be a decorative yarn, and other yarns are core yarns, and can be freely adjusted according to the combination mode of the yarns when the yarn is applied.
Further, the first back roller and the first middle roller are connected through a first transmission gear set, and the first transmission gear set is used for keeping the traction ratio (linear velocity ratio) between the first middle roller and the first back roller constant and not more than 1.4;
the second rear roller and the second middle roller are connected through a second transmission gear set, and the second transmission gear set is used for keeping the traction ratio (linear velocity ratio) between the second middle roller and the second rear roller constant and not more than 1.4.
In the first channel and the second channel, a first-stage drafting unit (namely a first drafting zone) is formed between the middle roller and the rear roller, the front roller and the middle roller form a second-stage drafting unit (namely a second drafting zone), the speed ratio of the middle roller and the rear roller of the same channel is constant and less than 1.4, and the speed ratio of the middle roller and the rear roller of different channels is synchronously changed relative to the front roller in the channel, and the speed of the middle roller and the rear roller of different channels is alternately changed relative to the front roller, so that alternating drafting of two groups of rough yarns is realized. Of particular importance, the first draft is pre-draft, the first draft ratio For constant C, constant draft, draft ratio of first-order draft +.>The continuity of the roving can be ensured, and no drafting singular point is generated in the first drafting zone. Meanwhile, the fiber in the roving can be straightened, tensioned and oriented in the pre-drafting process, so that the preparation of sliding in the main drafting process is finished, the breakage rate or the singular point rate in the main drafting process is reduced, the drafting and twisting process is more stable, and the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced.
Preferably, an upper leather roller is correspondingly arranged above the middle roller on the same channel in the first channel and the second channel, and the yarn forming device further comprises an upper leather ring sleeved on the upper pin and the middle roller and keeping synchronous movement with the middle roller, and a lower leather ring sleeved on the lower pin and the middle roller and keeping synchronous movement with the middle roller; the distance between the holding jaws of the upper leather collar and the lower leather collar and the jaw line of the front roller is less than 3mm.
Two-stage draftingFor dynamic main drafting, the speed of the middle roller is changed relative to the front roller, and when the blending ratio K=0% of one component yarn in the first channel or the second channel, the secondary drafting ratio e of the channel yarn q When the distance between the drafting singular point and the middle roller jaw exceeds 3mm, the time for the drafting singular point to be fed into the middle roller jaw again is an uncertain factor, if the matching is poor, coarse details are generated, or spinning breakage is caused, so that spinning becomes an unstable process, and the reliability and the yarn forming quality of spinning are affected. When- >When the spinning machine is gradually increased, along with synchronous starting of the rear roller and the middle roller, the fiber strands held by the upper leather collar and the lower leather collar are instantaneously fed into a jaw of the front roller to carry out secondary drafting, so that the drafting singular point positioned in the secondary drafting zone does not influence the stability of spinning.
Further, the third channel further comprises a drawing roller, and the drawing roller, the third front roller, the first twisting point and the second twisting point are sequentially arranged.
Further, the device also comprises a rear roller shaft, a middle roller shaft and a front roller shaft;
in the circumferential direction of the rear roller shaft, the first rear roller is sleeved on the rear roller shaft in a relatively fixed manner (for example, by a key manner), and the second rear roller is sleeved on the rear roller shaft in a relatively rotatable manner (for example, by a bearing manner);
in the circumferential direction of the middle roller shaft, the first middle roller is sleeved on the middle roller shaft in a relatively rotatable manner, and the second middle roller is sleeved on the middle roller shaft in a relatively fixed manner;
in the circumferential direction of the front roller shaft, the first front roller and the second front roller are sleeved on the front roller shaft in a relatively rotatable manner, and the third front roller is sleeved on the front roller shaft in a relatively fixed manner;
The feeding speeds of the first component yarn, the second component yarn and the third component yarn can be respectively regulated and controlled through the rear roller shaft, the middle roller shaft and the front roller shaft.
Further, the yarn feeding device also comprises a first front shaft and a second front shaft, wherein the first front shaft is connected with the first front roller through a first gear transmission pair, the second front shaft is connected with the second front roller through a second gear transmission pair, and the rotating speeds of the first front roller and the second front roller (namely the feeding speeds of the first component yarn and the second component yarn) can be respectively regulated and controlled through the first front shaft and the second front shaft.
Wherein the rear roller, the middle roller and the front roller are preferably nested rollers.
Of course, the driving modes of the rear roller and the middle roller on different channels are not limited to the above modes, for example, leather rings for belt transmission are arranged on the rear roller or the middle roller on the first channel and the second channel, and the leather rings are connected with a servo motor through a belt transmission mechanism; or the rear roller or the middle roller on the first channel and the second channel are respectively and independently provided with a transmission gear structure, and then are connected with the servo motor through a speed reducing mechanism.
Further, the first transmission gear set comprises a first driving gear, a first carrier gear and a first driven gear which are sequentially meshed for transmission; the first driving gear is fixedly connected with the first rear roller in a coaxial manner, and the first driven gear is fixedly connected with the first middle roller in a coaxial manner;
The second transmission gear set comprises a second driving gear, a second carrier gear and a second driven gear which are sequentially meshed for transmission; the second driving gear is fixedly connected with the second middle roller in a coaxial mode, and the second driven gear is fixedly connected with the second rear roller in a coaxial mode.
Further, the first gear pair includes: the first main gear and the first auxiliary gear are meshed with each other for transmission, the first main gear is fixedly sleeved on the first front shaft, and the first auxiliary gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the first front roller;
the second gear pair includes: the second main gear and the second auxiliary gear are meshed with each other for transmission, the second main gear is fixedly sleeved on the second front shaft, and the second auxiliary gear is fixedly connected with the second front roller in a coaxial mode.
Further, the device also comprises a bridge shaft, and the first bridge gear and the second bridge gear are movably sleeved on the bridge shaft.
And an upper leather roller is correspondingly arranged above each rear roller, each middle roller and each front roller, and the upper leather roller is matched with the rollers below to clamp yarns.
Further, the device also comprises a control system and a servo driving system;
the servo driving system comprises a servo driver and a servo motor;
The control system comprises a controller (preferably a PLC programmable controller) and a rotating speed sensor;
the controller is connected with the servo motor through a servo driver in sequence;
the servo motor includes: the yarn fixing device comprises a first servo motor for driving the rear roller shaft to rotate, a second servo motor for driving the middle roller shaft to rotate, a third servo motor for driving the first front shaft, a fourth servo motor for driving the second front shaft, a fifth servo motor for driving the front roller shaft to rotate and a yarn fixing servo motor for driving the introducing roller to rotate;
the rotational speed sensor includes: the yarn fixing sensor is used for monitoring the rotation speeds of the rear roller shaft, the middle roller shaft, the first front shaft, the second front shaft and the front roller shaft respectively.
The controller in the invention sequentially controls the feeding speeds of the four component yarns on the four yarn channels through the servo driver and the servo motor, the rotating speed sensor monitors the actual feeding speeds of the four component yarns in real time, the monitoring value is fed back to the controller, and the controller can adjust the magnitude of control signals on the four yarn channels according to the monitoring value.
Further, the device also comprises a twisting mechanism, wherein the twisting mechanism also comprises a special pipe and a grid ring; the first component yarn, the second component yarn and the third component yarn are gathered into a whisker strip through a gathering groove of the special-shaped tube.
Further, the twisting mechanism comprises a ring plate and a spindle;
the controller controls the ring plate to move through a servo driver and a servo motor, and is connected with the spindle through a frequency converter and an alternating current motor; and a spindle sensor for monitoring the spindle rotation speed.
In addition, the control system includes a series of instructions and a modular program.
Further, the control system further comprises a first comparison module, the first comparison module is respectively connected with the first sensor, the second sensor and the controller, the first comparison module is used for monitoring the rotation speed ratio between the middle roller shaft and the rear roller shaft, and the controller regulates and controls the rotation speed of the middle roller shaft or the rear roller shaft according to the numerical value fed back by the first comparison module, so that the blending ratio of the first component yarn and the second component yarn is regulated and controlled.
In order to accurately and rapidly realize yarn blending ratio regulation and control, the invention directly regulates and controls according to the numerical value fed back by the first comparison module, even if the rotation speeds of the middle roller shaft and the rear roller shaft respectively exceed the set error range due to various error reasons, the production can be continued without additionally regulating the actual rotation speeds of the middle roller shaft and the rear roller shaft as long as the rotation speed ratio of the middle roller shaft and the rear roller shaft fed back by the first comparison module (namely, the feeding speed ratio of the second component yarn and the first component yarn) is ensured to be in the set error range. Compared with the prior art, the invention only needs to monitor one parameter, thus widening the regulation and control precision of the middle roller and the back roller, increasing the redundancy of system control, highlighting the importance of the rotation speed ratio of the upper roller of different channels, greatly improving the control precision of the blending ratio of yarns while greatly reducing the processing workload of the controller, avoiding the shutdown or adjustment time in the production process, and improving the production efficiency of equipment by more than 30 percent.
The comparison module may be a prior art, may be an existing comparator or integrated comparison circuit, or may be a comparison module in the form of software in the controller CUP. The sensor is also in many forms, for example, a photoelectric encoder or a hall rotation speed sensor, etc.
Further, the outer diameter sizes of the first front roller, the second front roller and the third front roller are the same.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a ring spindle fancy yarn forming device adopting the four-channel alternating drafting twisting cladding ring spindle yarn, which is characterized in that a ring spindle spinning system with four spinning channels and two twisting points is constructed, three front rollers which are coaxial and have different rotating speeds respectively output two paths of untwisted yarns and one path of spun yarns (or filaments) at a first twisting point (the first twisting point), the two paths of untwisted yarns and one path of spun yarns (or filaments) are completed and twisted in a twisting triangle area to form a fancy yarn main body, and the fourth path of spun yarns (or filaments) output at a second twisting point (the second twisting point) and the formed fancy yarn main body are subjected to cladding twisting to form fancy yarns comprising decorative yarns, core yarns and fixed yarns, so that the spinning of the decorative yarns, the core yarns and the fixed yarns in one-step ring spindle fancy yarns is realized;
In addition, through regulating and controlling the cooperative change of the speeds of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers, the fancy yarn with multiple structures such as single-twist coating, cross-twist coating, twining coating and the like is spun; the yarn is spun into a combined fancy yarn with changeable appearance and shape by regulating and controlling the speeds of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers to cooperatively change, on-line changing the combination of the decorative yarn and the core yarn, on-line changing the combination of the patterns such as knots, braids, loops and the like, on-line changing the sizes of the patterns such as knots, braids, loops and the like, on-line changing the colors of the patterns such as knots, braids, loops and the like; finally, the coating ratio of the core wire, the decorative wire and the fixed wire is regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the speeds of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers in a cooperative mode, the color fancy yarn with online color change is spun, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
In addition, the invention also discloses a fancy yarn forming method adopting the four-way alternating drafting, twisting and coating ring spindle fancy yarn forming device.
Further, through online regulation and control of the speeds of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers on the first channel and/or the second channel, single-twist cladding structure fancy yarns, cross-twist cladding structure fancy yarns and twining cladding structure fancy yarns can be spun respectively by synergizing input decorative yarns and core yarns;
One untwisted strand or yarn is twisted at the first twisting point through the first channel, the second channel or the third channel, and is coated by the fourth component yarn (solid yarn) at the second twisting point to form the fancy yarn with the single-twist coating structure;
two untwisted strands or yarns are respectively led into the alternating twisting triangular area through two channels in the first channel, the second channel and the third channel, and are coated by fourth component yarns (solid yarns) at a second twisting point after being twisted at the same speed at the first twisting point to form the fancy yarn with the alternating twisting coating structure;
three non-twisted strands or yarns are respectively led into the alternating twisting triangular area through the first channel, the second channel and the third channel, and are coated by fourth component yarns (solid yarns) at the second twisting point after non-constant-speed twisting is carried out at the first twisting point to form the twisting coating structure fancy yarns.
Further, the first component yarn, the second component yarn and the third component yarn are respectively led into the alternating twisting triangular region by a first front roller, a second front roller and a third front roller, wherein the component yarn (whisker strip) with the lowest front roller speed is core yarn of fancy yarn, the component yarn with the higher front roller speed is decorative yarn of fancy yarn, and the online change of the combination mode of the decorative yarn and the core yarn in the fancy yarn can be realized by online adjustment of the feeding speeds of the three front rollers.
Further, the speeds of the first front roller, the second front roller and the third front roller are respectively、/>And->Through on-line regulation->、/>And/or +.>Under the condition that the rotation speed of the back roller and the rotation speed of the middle roller on the first channel and the second channel are kept unequal and are not zero (namely +.>) Regulated and controlled by a controllerCan realize the online change of various pattern combinations on fancy yarn.
Further, the flower shape includes, but is not limited to, knots, braids, loops, and the like.
Further, the on-line variation of the plurality of pattern combinations on the fancy yarn includes:
(1) when (when)When the first component yarn and the second component yarn (decorative yarn>) Inter-twist and kink in the third component yarn (core yarn>) Forming a knot;
(2) when (when)When the first component yarn and the second component yarn (decorative yarn>) The third component yarn (core yarn +.>) Forming a ring on the upper part;
(3) when (when)When the third component yarn (core yarn +)>) The first component yarn and the second component yarn are alternately twisted and twined (yarn decoration +)>) Forming a knot on the upper part;
(4) when (when)When the third component yarn (core yarn +)>) The first component yarn and the second component yarn are alternately twisted and twined (yarn decoration +)>) Forming a braid or a loop.
Further, the first pass is regulated and controlled on lineMiddle roller speed in the channel and/or second channelAnd the speed of the back roller->Further changing the linear density of the first component yarn and/or the second component yarn and/or by regulating the speed of the third front roller on line>Thereby realizing the on-line variation of the pattern size on the fancy yarn.
Further, the on-line variation of the pattern size on the fancy yarn specifically includes:
(1) regulation and control of fancy yarn knot size
When (when)When the yarn is used, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are decorative yarns, and the third component yarn is core yarn; first component yarn and second component yarn (decorative yarn +.>) Inter-twist and kink in the third component yarn (core yarn>) Forming knots on the yarn, wherein the yarn has the following linear density:
regulating and controlling the middle roller speed on the first channel and/or the second channel through a PLCAnd rear roller speed->The change of the linear density of the decorative yarn can be regulated and controlled, and the density of the decorative yarn is increased when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is increased;the linear density of the decorative yarn is reduced when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is reduced, thereby realizing the linear change of the size of the knot;
(2) control of fancy yarn loop size
When (when)When the yarn is used, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are decorative yarns, and the third component yarn is core yarn; first component yarn and second component yarn (decorative yarn +. >) Inter-twist and kink in the third component yarn (core yarn>) Forming a ring on the upper part; the yarn density of the yarn at this time is:
regulating and controlling the middle roller speed on the first channel and/or the second channel through a PLCAnd rear roller speed->The change of the linear density of the decorative yarn can be regulated and controlled, and the density of the decorative yarn is increased when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is increased; when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is reduced, the linear density of the decorative yarn is reduced;
at the same time, the overfeeding quantity (overfeeding of the decorative yarn relative to the core yarn speed) of the first component yarn and the second component yarn relative to the third component yarn is regulated, namely the speed of the first front roller is regulatedAnd a second front roller speed->Relative to the third front roller speed->The overfeed amount of (2) is large, and the overfeed amount is small, under the condition of looping, so that the size of the formed fancy yarn loop is regulated and controlled on line;
(3) control of fancy yarn braid length
When (when)When the yarn is used, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are core yarns, and the third component yarn is decorative yarn; third component yarn (decorative yarn->) The first component yarn and the second component yarn (core yarn) First forming a loop on the yarn, a third component yarn (yarn>) When the yarn is a strong twist yarn, the loop formed by the third component yarn under the action of self-twisting stress is immediately twisted into a braid;
On-line regulating and controlling the rotation speed of the third front rollerRelative to the first front roller speed->And a second front roller speed->The overfeed amount of the yarn is controlled on line, namely the overfeed amount of the decorative yarn speed relative to the core yarn speed is controlled on line, and the braid is long when the overfeed amount is large and short when the overfeed amount is small, so that the length of the formed fancy yarn braid is controlled on line.
Further, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are respectively color roving, and the linear densities of the first component yarn and the second component yarn are respectivelyThe blend ratio of the first component yarn and the second component yarn is +.>The method comprises the following steps:
(11)
(12)
therefore, the middle roller on the first channel and/or the second channel is regulated and controlled by the PLCAnd back roller speedThe blending ratio of the first component yarn and the second component yarn (namely the decorative yarn) can be regulated and controlled, and when the first component yarn and the second component yarn are used as the decorative yarn to form patterns (such as knots, braids and loops), the online change of the patterns can be realized through the change of the blending ratio of the first component yarn and the second component yarn.
Further, the wrapping structure and the wrapping ratio of each component of the fancy yarn can be regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the speeds of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers on the first channel and/or the second channel, so that the online color change of the fancy yarn can be regulated and controlled online.
The following explains the structural parameters of the forming fancy yarn of the alternating draft twist wrapping ring spinning system.
The linear densities of the first component yarn and the second component yarn as the decorative yarn, the linear density of the third component yarn as the core yarn and the linear density of the fourth component yarn as the solid yarn are respectivelyAfter alternating drafting, alternating twisting and yarn fixing coating, the linear density of the fancy yarn is +.>Three front roller speeds, back roller speed, middle roller speed and core wire feeding speed in the spinning process are respectively set as +.>、/>And c=1.25 is the speed ratio of the rear roller in each channel. After alternating drafting, alternating twisting and coating of the yarn fixing of the yarn core yarn, the formed fancy yarn has the following structural parameters:
1. blending ratio of yarn density of decorative yarn and first and second component yarns
(1)
(2)
(3)
2. Linear density of the third component yarn as core yarn:
(4)
3. linear density of the fourth component yarn as solid yarn:
(5)
4. coating ratio of linear density of fancy yarn to four component yarn
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings which are required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ring-spun yarn forming apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of first to third channels of a ring-type yarn forming device in example 1;
fig. 3 is a transmission structure diagram of a middle spindle fancy yarn forming device provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a ring yarn forming device in accordance with example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a comparison module in the ring type yarn forming apparatus according to example 2 of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
Y 1 -a first component yarn; y is Y 2 -a second component yarn; x is X 1 -a third component yarn; g 1 -a fourth component yarn; r is R 1 -take-off roller R 2 -introduction roller D 1 -a first twisting point; d (D) 2 -a second twisting point; 41-a first rear roller; 42-a second rear roller;51-a first idler gear; 52-a second intermediate gear; 61-a first middle roller; 62-a second middle roller; 71-a first front roller; 72-a second front roller; 73-a third front roller; 4-a rear roller shaft; 5-a bridge shaft; 6-middle roller shaft; 7-a front roller shaft; 8-a first front axle; 11-a second front axle; 411-first drive gear; 421-a second passive gear; 611-a first driven gear; 621-a second drive gear; 81-first main gear, 711-first auxiliary gear, 111-second main gear, 721-second auxiliary gear, P 4 -a rear upper leather roller; p (P) 6 -a mid-epithelial roller; p (P) 7 -a front epithelial roller; q (Q) 1 -an upper apron; q (Q) 2 -a lower apron; z is Z 1 -an upper pin; z is Z 2 -a lower pin.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1-3, the four-way alternating drafting, twisting and coating ring spindle fancy yarn forming device provided by the embodiment comprises a first component yarn forming deviceFirst passage A therethrough 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 D 2 E. For the second component yarn->A second passage A therethrough 2 B 2 C 2 D 1 D 2 E. For the third component yarn->A third passage R therethrough 1 C 3 D 1 D 2 E and for the fourth component yarn G 1 A fourth passage R therethrough 2 D 2 E。
The first channel is provided with a first back roller 41, a first middle roller 61, a first front roller 71 and a first twisting point D in sequence 1 And a second twisting point D 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The second channel is provided with a second back roller 42, a second middle roller 62, a second front roller 72 and a first twisting point D in sequence 1 And a second twisting point D 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The third channel is provided with a drawing roller R in turn 1 Third front roller 73, first twisting point D 1 And a second twisting point D 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The fourth channel is sequentially provided with a leading-in roller R 2 And a second twisting point D 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The first back roller 41 and the second back roller 42 are coaxially arranged and can rotate relatively in the circumferential direction; the first middle roller 61 and the second middle roller 62 are coaxially arranged and can rotate relatively in the circumferential direction; the first front roller 71, the second front roller 72 and the third front roller 73 are coaxially arranged and can rotate relatively in the circumferential direction; the first component yarn, the second component yarn and the third component yarn pass through the first twisting point D 1 Forming a fancy yarn main body after the alternate twisting; through the second twisting point D 2 And the fourth component yarn carries out cladding twisting on the fancy yarn main body to form the fancy yarn.
In the present embodiment, the first front roller 71, the second front roller 72, and the third front roller 73 have the same outer diameter size. First component yarnFor rovings, the first passage comprising a drawing zone A 1 B 1 C 1 And an alternating twist triangle->Second component yarn->For roving, the second passage comprises a drafting zone A 2 B 2 C 2 And an alternating twist triangle->Third component yarn->Is a core yarn which is led out byRoller R 1 Traction of the third front roller 73 and its introduction into the zone of mutual twisting The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Fourth component yarn G 1 For fixing the yarn, the yarn is led into the roller R 2 To the second twisting point D 2 (i.e. the yarn-fixing wrap point) and then passes through the second twisting point D 2 Intersecting with the twined yarn of the decorative yarn core yarn and coating the yarn.
The invention breaks the technical bottleneck of ring spinning in the aspect of fancy yarn forming, realizes the one-step spinning of fancy yarn (comprising core yarn, decorative yarn and solid yarn) by implementing alternating drafting, alternating twisting and cladding processes by a one-step method, and simultaneously realizes the online change of the colors and forms of bamboo joints, large belly, knots, circles and braids of the fancy yarn by regulating and controlling the linear density and blending ratio of the decorative yarn, the twist of the core yarn, the switching of the core yarn and the decorative yarn and other technical means, and expands new varieties of fancy yarns.
The first back roller 41 and the first middle roller 61 are connected through a first transmission gear set, and the first transmission gear set is used for keeping the traction ratio (linear velocity ratio) between the first middle roller 61 and the first back roller 41 constant and not more than 1.4; the second rear roller 42 and the second middle roller 62 are connected by a second transmission gear set for keeping the traction ratio (linear velocity ratio) between the second middle roller 62 and the second rear roller 42 constant and not more than 1.4.
In the first channel and the second channel, a first-stage drafting unit (namely a first drafting zone) is formed between the middle roller and the rear roller, the front roller and the middle roller form a second-stage drafting unit (namely a second drafting zone), the speed ratio of the middle roller and the rear roller of the same channel is constant and less than 1.4, and the speed ratio of the middle roller and the rear roller of different channels is synchronously changed relative to the front roller in the channel, and the speed of the middle roller and the rear roller of different channels is alternately changed relative to the front roller, so that alternating drafting of two groups of rough yarns is realized. Of particular importance, the first draft is pre-draft, the first draft ratioConstant C is constant draft, first-level draftStretch ratio->The continuity of the roving can be ensured, and no drafting singular point is generated in the first drafting zone. Meanwhile, the fiber in the roving can be straightened, tensioned and oriented in the pre-drafting process, so that the preparation of sliding in the main drafting process is finished, the breakage rate or the singular point rate in the main drafting process is reduced, the drafting and twisting process is more stable, and the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced.
And an upper leather roller is correspondingly arranged above each rear roller, each middle roller and each front roller, and the upper leather roller is matched with the rollers below to clamp yarns. The epithelial roller includes: rear upper leather roller P 4 Middle epithelial roller P 6 And front epithelial roller P 7 。
Wherein preferably, an upper leather roller P is arranged above the middle roller on the same channel in the first channel and the second channel 6 The yarn forming device also comprises a middle epithelial roller P sleeved on the middle epithelial roller 6 And upper pin Z 1 Upper apron Q capable of moving synchronously with middle roller 1 Is sleeved on the middle roller and the lower pin Z 2 Lower apron Q capable of moving synchronously with middle roller 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Upper leather collar Q 1 And lower apron Q 2 The distance between the holding jaw and the jaw line of the front roller is less than 3mm.
Two-stage draftingFor dynamic main drafting, the speed of the middle roller is changed relative to the front roller, when the blending ratio K=0% of one component yarn in the first channel or the second channel, the secondary drafting ratio e of the channel yarn q When = infinity, the channel yarn forms a drafting singular point in the second drafting zone, the distance delta between the drafting singular point and the front roller jaw is less than or equal to 3mm (the gauge of the back roller and the middle roller is generally larger than 25mm in the prior art, the drafting singular point positions in the first drafting zone are randomly distributed between the middle roller and the back roller, when the drafting singular point distance exceeds 3mm in the middle roller jaw, the time for the drafting singular point to be fed into the middle roller jaw again has an uncertain factor, if the matching is poor, either coarse detail is generated, or Leading to yarn breakage, making the spinning an unstable process, affecting the reliability of the spinning and the quality of the finished yarn). When->When the spinning machine is gradually increased, along with synchronous starting of the rear roller and the middle roller, the fiber strands held by the upper leather collar and the lower leather collar are instantaneously fed into a jaw of the front roller to carry out secondary drafting, so that the drafting singular point positioned in the secondary drafting zone does not influence the stability of spinning.
Experimental statistics prove that the breakage rate of the yarn in the first drafting zone is zero, the occurrence probability of unstable points of the thickness mutation is reduced by 71% compared with the prior art, and meanwhile, the breakage rate of the yarn in the second drafting zone is reduced by 41%, and the occurrence probability of unstable points of the thickness mutation is reduced by 38% compared with the prior art.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the present embodiment further includes a rear roller shaft 4, a middle roller shaft 6, a front roller shaft 7, a first front shaft 8, and a second front shaft 11; in the circumferential direction of the rear roller shaft 4, the first rear roller 41 is sleeved on the rear roller shaft 4 in a relatively fixed manner (for example, by means of a key), and the second rear roller 42 is sleeved on the rear roller shaft 4 in a relatively rotatable manner (for example, by means of a bearing); in the circumferential direction of the middle roller shaft 6, the first middle roller 61 is sleeved on the middle roller shaft 6 in a relatively rotatable manner, and the second middle roller 62 is sleeved on the middle roller shaft 6 in a relatively fixed manner; in the circumferential direction of the front roller shaft 7, the first front roller 71 and the second front roller 72 are rotatably sleeved on the front roller shaft 7, and the third front roller 73 is fixedly sleeved on the front roller shaft 7; the feeding speeds of the first component yarn, the second component yarn and the third component yarn can be respectively regulated and controlled through the rear roller shaft 4, the middle roller shaft 6 and the front roller shaft 7.
The first front axle 8 is connected with the first front roller 71 through a first gear transmission pair, the second front axle 11 is connected with the second front roller 72 through a second gear transmission pair, and the rotation speeds of the first front roller 71 and the second front roller 72 (namely the feeding speeds of the first component yarn and the second component yarn) can be respectively regulated and controlled through the first front axle 8 and the second front axle 11.
Wherein the rear roller, the middle roller and the front roller are preferably nested rollers.
Of course, the driving modes of the rear roller and the middle roller on different channels are not limited to the above modes, for example, leather rings for belt transmission are arranged on the rear roller or the middle roller on the first channel and the second channel, and the leather rings are connected with a servo motor through a belt transmission mechanism; or the rear roller or the middle roller on the first channel and the second channel are respectively and independently provided with a transmission gear structure, and then are connected with the servo motor through a speed reducing mechanism.
The first transmission gear set comprises a first driving gear 411, a first carrier gear 51 and a first driven gear 611 which are sequentially meshed for transmission; the first driving gear 411 is fixedly connected with the first rear roller 41 coaxially, and the first driven gear 611 is fixedly connected with the first middle roller 61 coaxially; the second transmission gear set comprises a second driving gear 621, a second carrier gear 52 and a second driven gear 421 which are sequentially meshed for transmission; the second driving gear 621 is fixedly connected with the second middle roller 62 coaxially, and the second driven gear 421 is fixedly connected with the second rear roller 42 coaxially. Wherein the first and second carrier gears 51 and 52 are respectively sleeved on the carrier shaft 5 through bearings.
The first gear transmission pair includes: the first main gear 81 and the first auxiliary gear 711 which are mutually meshed and driven, the first main gear 81 is fixedly sleeved on the first front shaft 8, and the first auxiliary gear 711 is fixedly connected with the first front roller 71 in a coaxial way; the second gear transmission pair includes: the second main gear 111 and the second auxiliary gear 721 are meshed with each other, the second main gear 111 is fixedly sleeved on the second front shaft 11, and the second auxiliary gear 721 is fixedly connected with the second front roller 72 in a coaxial manner.
As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment further includes a control system and a servo drive system; the servo driving system comprises a servo driver and a servo motor; the control system comprises a controller (preferably a PLC programmable controller) and a rotating speed sensor; the controller is connected with the servo motor through the servo driver in turn.
The servo motor includes: a first servo motor for driving the rear roller shaft 4 to rotate, a second servo motor for driving the middle roller shaft 6 to rotate, a third servo motor for driving the first front shaft 8, and a second front shaftA fourth servomotor of the shaft 11, a fifth servomotor for driving the front roller shaft 7 to rotate, and a fourth servomotor for driving the intake roller R 2 A rotating yarn fixing servo motor;
The rotation speed sensor includes: a first sensor, a second sensor, a third sensor, a fourth sensor and a fifth sensor for monitoring the rotational speed of the rear roller shaft 4, the middle roller shaft 6, the first front shaft 8, the second front shaft 11 and the front roller shaft 7, respectively, and a yarn fixing sensor for monitoring the rotational speed of the intake roller R2.
The controller in the invention sequentially controls the feeding speeds of the four component yarns on the four yarn channels through the servo driver and the servo motor, the rotating speed sensor monitors the actual feeding speeds of the four component yarns in real time, the monitoring value is fed back to the controller, and the controller can adjust the magnitude of control signals on the four yarn channels according to the monitoring value.
The twisting mechanism comprises a special pipe, a ring plate and a spindle; the controller controls the movement of the ring plate through a servo driver and a servo motor, and is connected with the spindle through the servo driver and the servo motor; and a spindle sensor for monitoring spindle rotation speed.
In addition, a twisting-resistant leather roller can be arranged above the special pipe; a front upper leather roller is respectively arranged above the first front roller 71, the second front roller 72 and the third front roller 73, and the twist blocking leather roller rotates along with the front upper leather roller in the same direction through a twist blocking transmission gear set. The twist-resistant transmission gear set (not shown) comprises a twist-resistant driving gear, a twist-resistant bridging gear and a twist-resistant driven gear which are sequentially meshed and transmitted; the twist-resistant driving gear is fixedly connected with the coaxial center of the front upper leather roller, and the twist-resistant driven gear is fixedly connected with the coaxial center of the twist-resistant leather roller. Wherein, the transmission ratio of the twist-resistant transmission gear set is 0.741-0.909. The drafting ratio between the twisting-resistant leather roller and the front epithelial roller is 1.1-1.35, the strand gathering effect is improved through the micro-drafting ratio of the gathering area, and the straightening degree and the orientation degree of fibers in the yarns are further improved.
During spinning, various flower-type yarns were spun as follows:
1. spinning of ring-spindle fancy yarn formed by twisting decorative thread, core thread and fixed thread in one step
In a twisting triangle area of a first twisting point, three front rollers which are coaxial and have the same outer diameter and different rotating speeds respectively output two paths of untwisted yarns and one path of spun yarns (or filaments), and the two paths of untwisted yarns and the one path of spun yarns are alternately twisted under the action of ring twisting force to form a main body of fancy yarns; and the second twisting point is formed by cladding and twisting the output fourth short fiber yarn (or filament) and the main body of the formed fancy yarn, so that the fancy yarn is spun by the one-step method of decoration, core yarn and solid yarn.
2. Spinning of fancy yarn with online changing wrapping structure
The speeds of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers can be regulated and controlled on line, so that the single-twist cladding structure fancy yarn, the cross-twist cladding structure fancy yarn and the twining cladding structure fancy yarn can be spun respectively by synergically inputting the decorative yarn and the core yarn;
one untwisted strand or yarn is twisted at the first twisting point through the first channel, the second channel or the third channel, and is coated by the fourth component yarn (solid yarn) at the second twisting point to form the fancy yarn with the single-twist coating structure;
Two untwisted strands or yarns are respectively led into the cross-twisting triangular area through two channels in the first channel, the second channel and the third channel, and are coated by fourth component yarns (solid yarns) at a second twisting point after being twisted at a non-constant speed at the first twisting point to form a cross-twisting coating structure fancy yarn;
three non-twisted strands or yarns are respectively led into the alternating twisting triangular area through the first channel, the second channel and the third channel, and are coated by fourth component yarns (solid yarns) at the second twisting point after non-constant-speed twisting is carried out at the first twisting point to form the twisting coating structure fancy yarns.
Spinning of single-twist coated fancy yarn:
in the device of the invention, the first to three channels correspond to the first to three front rollers, and the roving is due to(i.e. first component yarn) passing through first passAfter alternating drafting, the yarn is output by a first front roller and is +.>(i.e. the third component yarn) is output from the third front roller via the third channel, roving ∈ ->The second component yarn is output from the second front roller after the second channel is drawn alternately. At this time, the output strand is single-twisted at the first twisting point and is fed out by the fourth channel at the second twisting point >Cladding forms a single twist clad fancy yarn structure.
For example, the untwisted yarn after being drawn through the first channel is single-twisted at a first twisting point and is fixed at a second twisting point by a (fourth component yarn)And coating the fancy yarn to form a single-twist coating structure. In this way a +.>、、/>And the like, and the three types of single-twist cladding structure fancy yarns. The specific parameters are set as follows:
①roving->After drawing into untwisted yarn through channel A, the yarn is twisted in one way at a first twisting point and is twisted in a second twisting point>Coating fancy yarns forming a single-twist coating structure;
②roving->After drawing to form an untwisted yarn through a second channel, the yarn is single-twisted at a first twisting point and is twisted at a second twisting point>Coating fancy yarns forming a single-twist coating structure;
③core yarn->The single twisting is completed at the first twisting point and the thread is secured at the second twisting point>Coating fancy yarns forming a single-twist coating structure;
spinning of the fancy yarn with the cross-twisting cladding structure:
the twisting cladding structure of the effect yarn is a structure of the effect yarn formed by twisting two non-twisted strands (or yarns) at a constant speed at a first twisting point and cladding the two non-twisted strands with a solid yarn at a second twisting point. In the device of the invention, the first to three channels correspond to the first to three front rollers, and the roving is due to After alternating drafting through the first channel, the yarn is output by the first front roller and is +.>Outputting the roving +.>And outputting by a second front roller after alternating drafting by a second channel. At this time, two strands are fed from two of the front rollers at the same speed and twisted at a first twisting pointThe second twisting point is fed out by the fourth channel for the thread>Cladding to form a fancy yarn structure with the cross-twisted cladding. In this way a +.>、/>、、/>And the like, and the four types of fancy yarns with cross-twisting cladding structures.
Third step, spinning of the wrapping structure fancy yarn:
the twist coating structure of the effect yarn is a structure of effect yarn in which three or more non-twisted strands (or yarns) are non-uniformly twisted at a first twisting point and are coated with a solid yarn at a second twisting point. Roving yarnAfter alternating drafting through the first channel, the yarn is output by the first front roller and is +.>Outputting the roving +.>And outputting by a second front roller after alternating drafting by a second channel. At this time, three or more non-twisted strands (or yarns) non-uniformly fed from three front rollers are non-uniformly twisted at a first twisting point, and a second twisting point is a yarn fed from a fourth channel>The wrapping forms a twisting wrapped fancy yarn structure. In this way a +. >And the like, a fancy yarn with a twisting cladding structure.
3. Spinning of fancy yarn with on-line changing morphology
The on-line change of the pattern combination modes of the decorative yarn and the core yarn, the on-line change of the pattern combination modes of knots, braids, loops and the like, the on-line change of the pattern sizes of knots, braids, loops and the like, the on-line change of the pattern colors of knots, braids, loops and the like, and the spinning of the combined fancy yarn with changeable appearance forms can be realized by regulating and controlling the speeds of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers on line.
Spinning of fancy yarn with online change of combination mode of decorative yarn and core yarn
The first component yarn, the second component yarn and the third component yarn are respectively led into the alternating twisting triangular region by a first front roller, a second front roller and a third front roller, wherein the component yarn (whisker strip) with the lowest front roller speed is core yarn of fancy yarn, the component yarn with the higher front roller speed is decorative yarn of fancy yarn, and the online change of the combination mode of the decorative yarn and the core yarn in the fancy yarn is realized by online adjustment of the front roller feeding speed of the first component yarn, the second component yarn and/or the third component yarn.
For example, rovings、/>After alternating drafting through the first and the second channels, the drafting is divided into a first front roller and a second front roller to form a first part and a second part >、Output, yarn->By a third front roller>And outputting. In generalThe strand with the lowest speed of the front roller becomes the core yarn of the fancy yarn, and the strand with relatively high speed becomes the decorative yarn of the fancy yarn. When->Minimum time, ->Is a core yarn->And->Is a decorative yarn; when->Minimum time, ->Is a core yarn->And->Is a decorative yarn; when->Minimum time, ->Is a core yarn->Andis a decorative yarn. Thus, control by PLC->The on-line change of the combination mode of the decorative yarn and the core yarn can be realized.
Fancy yarn spinning with combination of patterns, such as knots, braids, loops and the like, changing on line
The speeds of the first front roller, the second front roller and the third front roller are respectively、/>And->Through on-line regulation->、/>And/or +.>Under the condition that the rotation speed of the back roller and the rotation speed of the middle roller on the first channel and the second channel are kept unequal and are not zero (namely +.>) Control by controller->Can realize the online change of various pattern combinations on fancy yarn.
The flower shape includes, but is not limited to, knots, braids, loops, etc.
(1) When (when)When the first component yarn and the second component yarn (decorative yarn>) Inter-twist and kink in the third component yarn (core yarn>) Forming a knot;
(2) when (when)When the first component yarn and the second component yarn (decorative yarn >) The third component yarn (core yarn +.>) Forming a ring on the upper part;
(3) when (when)When the third component yarn (core yarn +)>) The first component yarn and the second component yarn are alternately twisted and twined (yarn decoration +)>) Forming a knot on the upper part;
(4) when (when)When the third component yarn (core yarn +)>) The first component yarn and the second component yarn are alternately twisted and twined (yarn decoration +)>) Forming a braid or a loop.
Third step of spinning fancy yarn with yarn-like pattern-like size changing in-line like knots, braids and loops
The size of the flower-shaped yarn knots, braids, loops and the like depends on the thickness and twist of the decorative yarn and the core yarn, and the overfeeding speed of the decorative yarn relative to the core yarn. When the knots are formed, the knots formed by twisting the fancy yarn with large coarse twist and the fancy yarn with small fine twist are larger; when the loop is formed, the loop formed by twisting the fancy yarn with large thick twist and large overfeeding ratio of the decorative yarn is larger than the fancy yarn with small thin twist and small feeding ratio of the decorative yarn; when the braid is formed, the braided braid formed by twisting the fancy yarn with large thick twist and large overfeeding ratio is longer than the fancy yarn with small thin twist and small feeding ratio.
By regulating and controlling the middle roller speed in the first channel and/or the second channel on lineAnd the speed of the back roller- >Further changing the linear density of the first component yarn and/or the second component yarn and/or by regulating the speed of the third front roller on line>Thereby realizing the on-line variation of the pattern size on the fancy yarn.
The on-line variation of the pattern size on fancy yarns specifically includes:
(1) regulation and control of fancy yarn knot size
When (when)When the yarn is used, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are decorative yarns, and the third component yarn is core yarn; first component yarn and second component yarn (decorative yarn +.>) Inter-twist and kink in the third component yarn (core yarn>) Forming knots on the yarn, wherein the yarn has the following linear density:
regulating and controlling middle rollers on first channel and/or second channel through PLCAnd rear roller speed->Adjustable and adjustableControlling the change of the linear density of the decorative yarn, and increasing the density of the decorative yarn when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is increased; the linear density of the decorative yarn is reduced when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is reduced, thereby realizing the linear change of the size of the knot;
(2) control of fancy yarn loop size
When (when)When the yarn is used, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are decorative yarns, and the third component yarn is core yarn; first component yarn and second component yarn (decorative yarn +.>) Inter-twist and kink in the third component yarn (core yarn >) Forming a ring on the upper part; the yarn density of the yarn at this time is: />
Regulating and controlling the middle roller speed on the first channel and/or the second channel through a PLCAnd rear roller speed->The change of the linear density of the decorative yarn can be regulated and controlled, and the density of the decorative yarn is increased when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is increased; when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is reduced, the linear density of the decorative yarn is reduced;
at the same time, the overfeeding quantity (overfeeding of the decorative yarn relative to the core yarn speed) of the first component yarn and the second component yarn relative to the third component yarn is regulated, namely the speed of the first front roller is regulatedAnd a second front roller speed->Relative to the third front roller speed->The overfeed amount of (2) is large, and the overfeed amount is small, under the condition of looping, so that the size of the formed fancy yarn loop is regulated and controlled on line;
(3) control of fancy yarn braid length
When (when)When the yarn is used, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are core yarns, and the third component yarn is decorative yarn; third component yarn (decorative yarn->) The first component yarn and the second component yarn (core yarn) First forming a loop on the yarn, a third component yarn (yarn>) When the yarn is a strong twist yarn, the loop formed by the third component yarn under the action of self-twisting stress is immediately twisted into a braid;
On-line regulating and controlling the rotation speed of the third front rollerRelative to the first front roller speed->And a second front roller speed->Overfeed amount of the yarn is regulated on line, namely overfeed amount of the decorative yarn speed relative to the core yarn speed, and the braid is long when the overfeed amount is large and short when the overfeed amount is small, so that the length of the formed fancy yarn braid is regulated on line;
spinning of fancy yarn with online change of flower type color such as knots, braids, loops and the like
The flower-like yarn knots, braids, loops and the like can be varied depending on the color mixing ratio of the decorative yarn. If used as a roving for decorationThe color roving is adopted, and the roving with two colors can be selected from seven colors of roving such as red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, purple and the like.
The first component yarn and the second component yarn are respectively color roving, and the linear densities of the first component yarn and the second component yarn are respectivelyThe blend ratio of the first component yarn and the second component yarn is +.>The method comprises the following steps:
(11)
(12)
therefore, the middle roller on the first channel and/or the second channel is regulated and controlled by the PLCAnd back roller speedThe blending ratio of the first component yarn and the second component yarn (namely the decorative yarn) can be regulated and controlled, and when the first component yarn and the second component yarn are used as the decorative yarn to form patterns (such as knots, braids and loops), the online change of the patterns can be realized through the change of the blending ratio of the first component yarn and the second component yarn.
4. Spinning of fancy yarn with color changing on line
The wrapping structure and the wrapping ratio of each component of the fancy yarn can be regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the speeds of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers on the first channel and/or the second channel through the PLC, so that the online color change of the fancy yarn can be regulated and controlled online.
The fancy yarn is formed by mutually wrapping core yarn, decorative yarn and fixed yarn, and when the wrapping structure and the wrapping proportion are changed on line, the color of the fancy yarn can be changed on line. According to formulas (6) (7) (8) (9) (10), if four sliver is fed in two twisting processesThe colors of red, yellow, blue, black and the like are respectively adopted, so that the color of the fancy yarn can be regulated and controlled by changing the coating ratio. The coating ratio of the fancy yarn is set as +.>、/>、/>The yarn density of the fancy yarn is +.>The servo motor is regulated and controlled by a PLC and the control is performed by +.>And (3) driving at a speed so as to satisfy the following formula:
（13）
（14）
（15）
（16）
therefore, the wrapping structure and the wrapping ratio of each component of the fancy yarn can be regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the speeds of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers through the PLC, so that the online color change of the fancy yarn can be regulated and controlled online.
The invention provides a ring spindle yarn forming device adopting the four-way alternating drafting twisting cladding ring spindle yarn forming device, which is characterized in that a ring spindle spinning system with four spinning channels and two twisting points is constructed, the ring spindle spinning system is arranged at a first twisting point (a first twisting point D 1 At the position) two paths of untwisted yarns and one path of spun yarns (or filaments) are respectively output by three front rollers which are coaxial and have different rotating speeds, and are mutually twisted in a twisting triangular area to form a fancy yarn main body, and a second twisting point (a second twisting point D) 2 The output fourth-path spun yarn (or filament) and the formed fancy yarn main body are subjected to cladding twisting to form fancy yarn comprising decorative yarn, core yarn and fixed yarn, so that the spinning of the decorative yarn, the core yarn and the fixed yarn ring spindle fancy yarn is realized;
in addition, through regulating and controlling the speed change of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers, the fancy yarn with multiple structures such as single twist coating, cross twist coating, twining coating and the like is spun; the combination of the decorative yarn and the core yarn is changed on line by regulating and controlling the speed change of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers, the combination of the knot, the braid, the loop and the like is changed on line, the size of the knot, the braid, the loop and the like is changed on line, the color of the knot, the braid, the loop and the like is changed on line, and the combined fancy yarn with changeable appearance forms is spun; finally, the coating ratio of the core wire, the decorative wire and the fixed wire is regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the speed change of the rear roller, the middle roller and the three front rollers, so that the color fancy yarn with online color change is spun, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
Example 2
The present embodiment is basically the same in structure as embodiment 1, except that:
as shown in fig. 5, the control system further includes a first comparing module and a second comparing module, the first comparing module is respectively connected with the first sensor, the second sensor and the controller, the first comparing module is used for monitoring a rotation speed ratio between the middle roller shaft and the rear roller shaft, and the controller regulates and controls the rotation speed of the middle roller shaft or the rear roller shaft according to a numerical value fed back by the first comparing module, so as to regulate and control a blending ratio of the first component yarn and the second component yarn.
In order to accurately and rapidly realize yarn blending ratio regulation and control, the invention directly regulates and controls according to the numerical value fed back by the first comparison module, even if the rotation speeds of the middle roller shaft 6 and the rear roller shaft 4 respectively exceed the set error range due to various error reasons, the production can be continued without additionally regulating the actual rotation speeds of the middle roller shaft 6 and the rear roller shaft 4 as long as the rotation speed ratio of the middle roller shaft 6 and the rear roller shaft 4 fed back by the first comparison module (namely, the feeding speed ratio of the second component yarn and the first component yarn) is ensured to be in the set error range. Compared with the prior art, the invention only needs to monitor one parameter, thus widening the regulation and control precision of the middle roller and the back roller, increasing the redundancy of system control, highlighting the importance of the rotation speed ratio of the upper roller of different channels, greatly improving the control precision of the blending ratio of yarns while greatly reducing the processing workload of the controller, avoiding the shutdown or adjustment time in the production process, and improving the production efficiency of equipment by more than 30 percent.
The second comparison module is respectively connected with the third sensor, the fourth sensor, the fifth sensor and the controller, and is used for monitoring the rotation speed ratio among the three front rollers, and the controller regulates and controls the first front shaft, the second front shaft or the front roller shaft according to the numerical value fed back by the second comparison module, so that the pattern combination and the pattern size are regulated and controlled.
Further, the control precision of the control system is relaxed, the redundancy of system control is increased, the importance of the front roller rotating speed ratio on different channels is highlighted, the processing workload of the controller is greatly reduced, the control precision of the blending ratio of yarns is greatly improved, in addition, the shutdown or adjustment time in the production process is avoided, and the production efficiency of the equipment is improved.
The comparison module may be a prior art, may be an existing comparator or integrated comparison circuit, or may be a comparison module in the form of software in the controller CUP. The sensor is also in many forms, and can be, for example, a photoelectric encoder or a Hall rotation speed sensor.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. The four-channel alternating drafting, twisting and coating ring spindle fancy yarn forming device is characterized by comprising a first channel for passing a first component yarn, a second channel for passing a second component yarn, a third channel for passing a third component yarn and a fourth channel for passing a fourth component yarn;
the first channel is sequentially provided with a first back roller, a first middle roller, a first front roller, a first twisting point and a second twisting point;
the second channel is sequentially provided with a second back roller, a second middle roller, a second front roller, the first twisting point and the second twisting point;
a third front roller, the first twisting point and the second twisting point are sequentially arranged on the third channel;
the fourth channel is sequentially provided with an introducing roller and the second twisting point;
the areas among the rear roller, the middle roller and the front roller on the first channel and the second channel are drafting areas, and an interactive twisting triangle area is formed among the first front roller, the second front roller, the third front roller and the first twisting point;
one or more yarns in the first component yarn, the second component yarn and/or the third component yarn are led to the alternating twisting triangular area and twisted to form a fancy yarn main body;
The fourth component yarn is led to the second twisting point through the leading-in roller, is intersected with the fancy yarn main body and coats the fancy yarn main body;
the first back roller and the second back roller are coaxial and can be arranged in a relative rotation manner in the circumferential direction; the first middle roller and the second middle roller are coaxial and can be arranged in a relative rotation manner in the circumferential direction; the first front roller, the second front roller and the third front roller are coaxial and can be arranged in a relative rotation manner in the circumferential direction;
the first rear roller and the first middle roller are connected through a first transmission gear set, and the first transmission gear set is used for keeping the traction ratio between the first middle roller and the first rear roller constant and not more than 1.4;
the second rear roller and the second middle roller are connected through a second transmission gear set, and the second transmission gear set is used for keeping the traction ratio between the second middle roller and the second rear roller constant and not more than 1.4;
an upper leather roller is correspondingly arranged above the middle roller on the same channel in the first channel and the second channel, and the yarn forming device also comprises an upper leather ring sleeved on the middle upper leather roller and the upper pin and kept in synchronous motion with the middle roller, and a lower leather ring sleeved on the middle roller and the lower pin and kept in synchronous motion with the middle roller; the distance between the holding jaws of the upper leather collar and the lower leather collar and the jaw line of the front roller is less than 3mm;
The first component yarn, the second component yarn and the third component yarn are respectively led into the alternating twisting triangular region by a first front roller, a second front roller and a third front roller, wherein the component yarn with the lowest front roller speed is core yarn of fancy yarn, and the component yarn with higher front roller speed is decorative yarn of fancy yarn;
the speeds of the first front roller, the second front roller and the third front roller are respectively、/>And->Through on-line regulation->、/>And->Under the condition that the rotation speed of the back roller and the rotation speed of the middle roller on the first channel and the second channel are kept unequal and are not zero, the back roller and the middle roller are regulated and controlled by a controller>The online change of the pattern combination on the fancy yarn is realized, and the online change of the pattern combination on the fancy yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) when (when)When the yarn is twisted, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are alternately twisted and knotted on the third component yarn to form knots;
(2) when (when)When the yarn is in use, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are alternately twisted on the third component yarn to form a loop;
(3) when (when)When the yarn is twisted, the yarn is twisted and knotted alternately to form knots on the yarn of the first component and the yarn of the second component;
(4) when (when)And the third component yarn is alternately twisted and knotted to form a braid or loop on the first component yarn and the second component yarn.
2. The ring-type yarn forming device as in claim 1, further comprising a rear roller shaft, a middle roller shaft and a front roller shaft;
in the circumferential direction of the rear roller shaft, the first rear roller is sleeved on the rear roller shaft in a relatively fixed manner, and the second rear roller is sleeved on the rear roller shaft in a relatively rotatable manner;
in the circumferential direction of the middle roller shaft, the first middle roller is sleeved on the middle roller shaft in a relatively rotatable manner, and the second middle roller is sleeved on the middle roller shaft in a relatively fixed manner;
in the circumferential direction of the front roller shaft, the first front roller and the second front roller are sleeved on the front roller shaft in a relatively rotatable manner, and the third front roller is sleeved on the front roller shaft in a relatively fixed manner;
and the feeding speeds of the first component yarn, the second component yarn and the third component yarn are respectively regulated and controlled through the rear roller shaft, the middle roller shaft and the front roller shaft.
3. The ring type yarn forming device as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a first front shaft and a second front shaft, wherein the first front shaft is connected with the first front roller through a first gear transmission pair, the second front shaft is connected with the second front roller through a second gear transmission pair, and the rotation speeds of the first front roller and the second front roller are respectively regulated and controlled through the first front shaft and the second front shaft.
4. The ring type yarn forming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first transmission gear set comprises a first driving gear, a first bridge gear and a first driven gear which are sequentially meshed for transmission; the first driving gear is fixedly connected with the first rear roller in a coaxial manner, and the first driven gear is fixedly connected with the first middle roller in a coaxial manner;
the second transmission gear set comprises a second driving gear, a second carrier gear and a second driven gear which are sequentially meshed for transmission; the second driving gear is fixedly connected with the second middle roller in a coaxial mode, and the second driven gear is fixedly connected with the second rear roller in a coaxial mode.
5. A ring-type yarn forming device as in claim 3, wherein the first gear pair comprises: the first main gear and the first auxiliary gear are meshed with each other for transmission, the first main gear is fixedly sleeved on the first front shaft, and the first auxiliary gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the first front roller;
the second gear pair includes: the second main gear and the second auxiliary gear are meshed with each other for transmission, the second main gear is fixedly sleeved on the second front shaft, and the second auxiliary gear is fixedly connected with the second front roller in a coaxial mode.
6. The ring type yarn forming device as in claim 4, further comprising a bridge shaft, wherein the first and second bridge gears are looped over the bridge shaft.
7. The ring-type yarn forming device as in claim 1, wherein the first front roller, the second front roller and the third front roller have the same outer diameter size.
8. A fancy yarn forming method using the four-way alternating drafting twisting cladding ring fancy yarn forming device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The fancy yarn forming method of claim 8, wherein the single twist clad structured fancy yarn, the cross twist clad structured fancy yarn and the twist clad structured fancy yarn are spun respectively by controlling the speeds of the back roller and the middle roller on the first channel and/or the second channel and the speeds of the three front rollers on line and cooperatively inputting the decorative yarn and the core yarn;
three untwisted strands or yarns are respectively led into the alternating twisting triangular area through the first channel, the second channel and the third channel, and are coated by the fourth component yarn at the second twisting point after non-constant-speed twisting is carried out at the first twisting point to form the twisting coating structure fancy yarn.
10. Fancy yarn forming method as in claim 8, wherein the velocity of the middle roller in the first channel and/or the second channel is regulated on-lineAnd rear roller speed->Further changing the linear density of the first component yarn and/or the second component yarn and/or by regulating the speed of the three front rollers on line +.>、/>And->Thereby realizing the on-line variation of the pattern size on the fancy yarn.
11. The fancy yarn forming method of claim 10 wherein the on-line variation of the size of the pattern on the fancy yarn specifically comprises:
(1) regulation and control of fancy yarn knot size
When (when)When the yarn is used, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are decorative yarns, and the third component yarn is core yarn; the first component yarn and the second component yarn are alternately twisted and kinked on the third component yarn to form knots, and the yarn density of the decorative yarn is as follows:
is the linear density of the first component yarn;
is the linear density of the second component yarn;
the linear density of the decorative yarn;
c is the first-order draft ratio, C is a constant;
regulating and controlling the middle roller speed on the first channel and/or the second channel through a PLCAnd rear roller speed->Regulating and controlling the change of the linear density of the decorative yarn, wherein the density of the decorative yarn is increased when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is increased; the linear density of the decorative yarn is reduced when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is reduced, thereby realizing the linear change of the size of the knot;
(2) Control of fancy yarn loop size
When (when)When the yarn is used, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are decorative yarns, and the third component yarn is core yarn; the first component yarn and the second component yarn are alternately twisted and kinked on the third component yarn to form a loop; the yarn density of the yarn at this time is:
through PLC regulating and controlling middle roller speed on first channel and/or second channelAnd rear roller speed->The change of the linear density of the decorative yarn can be regulated and controlled, and the density of the decorative yarn is increased when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is increased; the linear density of the decorative yarn is reduced when the feeding speed of the middle roller and the rear roller is reduced;
meanwhile, the overfeeding quantity of the first component yarn and the second component yarn relative to the third component yarn is regulated and controlled, namely the speed of the first front roller is regulated and controlledAnd a second front roller speed->Relative to the third front roller speed->The overfeed amount of (2) is large, and the overfeed amount is small, under the condition of looping, so that the size of the formed fancy yarn loop is regulated and controlled on line;
(3) control of fancy yarn braid length
When (when)When the yarn is used, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are core yarns, and the third component yarn is decorative yarn; the third component yarn is alternately twisted on the first component yarn and the second component yarn to form a loop, and when the third component yarn is the strong twisting yarn, the loop formed by the third component yarn under the action of self-twisting stress is twisted into a braid;
On-line regulating third front roller speedRelative to the first front roller speed->And a second front roller speedThe overfeed amount of the yarn is controlled on line, namely the overfeed amount of the decorative yarn speed relative to the core yarn speed is controlled on line, and the braid is long when the overfeed amount is large and short when the overfeed amount is small, so that the length of the formed fancy yarn braid is controlled on line.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the first component yarn and the second component yarn are color rovings, and the first component yarn and the second component yarn have a linear density ofThe blend ratio of the first component yarn and the second component yarn is +.>The method comprises the following steps:
(11)
(12)
c is the first-order draft ratio, C is a constant;
therefore, the speed of the middle roller on the first channel and/or the second channel is regulated and controlled by the PLCAnd back roller speedRegulating the variation of the blending ratio of the first component yarn and the second component yarn, and when the first component yarn and the second component yarn are used as decorative yarns to form patterns, the first component yarn and the second component yarn are used for forming patternsThe change of the blending ratio of the two-component yarn realizes the online change of the flower type color.
13. The fancy yarn forming method of claim 8 wherein the wrapping structure of each component of the fancy yarn and its wrapping ratio are controlled by controlling the speed of the back roller and middle roller and the three front rollers on the first channel and/or the second channel, thereby controlling the color on-line change of the fancy yarn on line.
CN201910207393.6A 2019-03-13 2019-03-19 Four-channel alternating drafting, twisting and coating ring spindle fancy yarn forming device and method Active CN109750401B (en)

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