CN109748171A - The rope of elevator checks system - Google Patents
The rope of elevator checks system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109748171A CN109748171A CN201810627347.7A CN201810627347A CN109748171A CN 109748171 A CN109748171 A CN 109748171A CN 201810627347 A CN201810627347 A CN 201810627347A CN 109748171 A CN109748171 A CN 109748171A
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Abstract
A kind of rope of elevator checks system, can not visually in the mainteinance repair of the rope of the damage of tension stress part, improve in the state of ensuring line strength with the upper service life, improve the reliability of intensity management.The rope of the elevator of one embodiment checks that system has mark detecting sensor (21), tension detecting apparatus (40) and arithmetic unit (23).Mark detecting sensor (21) detects the multiple labels being arranged at certain intervals in the longitudinal direction of the main rope (10) as check object.Tension detecting apparatus (40) detects the tension of main rope (10).Arithmetic unit (23) calculates the elongation of main rope (10) according to the interval of each label, and elongation is modified to the elongation under some tension by the tension based on main rope (10), carries out intensity management based on the revised elongation.
Description
Association request
The application is based on Japanese patent application 2017-215679 (applying date: on November 8th, 2017), from this application
It is middle to enjoy preferential interests.The application completely includes content of the application by referring to this application.
Technical field
Embodiments of the present invention are related to the deterioration for cable wire (wire rope) used in main rope to elevator etc.
The rope that state is checked checks system.
Background technique
In recent years, there is wear resistance and great friction coefficient as the surface polyurethanes by tension stress component
The cable wire that covers of resin material material it is more more and more universal.This cable wire can not visual internal tension stress component, can not pass through
The visual maintenance of the state of wear and/or broken string number of single line is to carry out intensity management.Therefore, it has used and for example single line has been led to
Electricity and the variation with the electrical characteristic deteriorated year in year out is measured method, configure prior to tension stress portion inside rope
The conductive component of part deterioration and the method that its on state is measured.But about the former method, tension stress component limit
In the few cord construction of the single line as steel wire.About the method for the latter, can be suitable for being covered with aramid fibre, tree
The cable wire of rouge, but cord construction complicates, so manufacturing cost rises.
Here, as other methods, has and annotated mark and examined at certain intervals on the surface of the bar such as rope
The method of the state of elongation is determined when repairing according to the interval of these labels.
Existing technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2005-512921 bulletin
Summary of the invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In the intensity management of the rope of elevator, with the elongation of the rope caused by changing year in year out, the remnants of rope
Intensity becomes a reference value time point below and sets as replacement period.But in rope elongation, in addition to by bad year in year out
It further include the elastic elongation as caused by the tension for acting on rope other than elongation caused by changing.Being difficult to will be as caused by the tension
Elastic elongation is distinguished and is detected with the elongation caused by deteriorating year in year out.Therefore, usually consider prediction safely, be envisioned for
The elastic elongation amount generated in maintenance, carries out rope replacement as early as possible.
Project to be solved by this invention be to provide it is a kind of can not the visual rope of the damage of tension stress part guarantor
Support improve in maintenance ensure in the state of line strength with the upper service life, and improve the elevator of the reliability of intensity management
Rope check system.
Technical teaching for solving the problem was
The rope of the elevator of one embodiment checks system, has: label detection unit, to as check object
The multiple labels being arranged at certain intervals on the length direction of rope are detected；Tension detection unit opens above-mentioned rope
Power is detected；And arithmetic element, it is calculated according to the above-mentioned interval respectively marked detected by above-mentioned label detection unit above-mentioned
The elongation of rope, and the tension based on the above-mentioned rope detected by mentioned strain detection unit is by the elongation of above-mentioned rope
The elongation being modified under some tension is measured, intensity management is carried out based on the revised elongation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the figure for showing the schematic configuration of the elevator of machine House-less type of the 1st embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the construction of main rope used in the elevator that shows in the embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of the appearance of main rope used in the elevator that shows in the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the figure obtained from the mark detecting sensor from side in the embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the figure obtained from the mark detecting sensor from rear ramp in the embodiment.
Fig. 6 is to show to be configured the mark detecting sensor in the embodiment over the ground in the two sides of main rope one
State figure.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart being illustrated for the movement to the rope inspection system in the embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the figure being illustrated for the relationship to pulse signal and marker spacing in the embodiment, Fig. 8's
It (a) is pulse signal that the movement with main rope synchronously outputs, marker spacing when (b) of Fig. 8 is installation, (c) of Fig. 8 be
Rope is because of marker spacing when variation has extended year in year out.
Fig. 9 is the relationship for showing intensity of reflected light and frequency that the mark detecting sensor from the 2nd embodiment obtains
Figure.
Figure 10 is the figure for showing the relationship of the elongation and residual strength with the deterioration of rope.
Figure 11 is the figure for showing the result that the situation of the variation to the rope tension relative to car position is simulated.
Figure 12 is that the offset (shift) of the elongation determinating reference for the deviation to the tension for considering rope is said
Bright figure.
Description of symbols
1 ... elevator, 2 ... elevating roads, 3a ... rope one end, 3b ... rope the other end, 3c ... rope middle part, 4a,
4b ... rope bolt pendant, 5 ... guide rails, 10 ... main ropes, 11 ... cages, 12 ... counterweights, 13 ... hauling blocks, 14 ... tractions
Machine, 15,16 ... pulleys, 17 ... governors, 18 ... speed controller ropes, 20 ... labels, 21 ... mark detecting sensors, 22 ... codings
Device, 23 ... arithmetic units, 23a ... memory, 24 ... display devices, 25 ... irradiation portions, 26 ... acceptance parts, 30 ... core wires, 31 ...
Rope main body, 32 ... outer covers, 32a ... outer peripheral surface, 33 ... strands, 34 ... filling parts, 40 ... tension detecting apparatus.
Specific embodiment
Firstly, before carrying out embodiments of the present invention, 0 to Figure 12 to the elongation of rope and intensity referring to Fig.1
Relationship is illustrated.
For example, cable wire used in main rope about elevator etc., strand (strand) and core as tension stress component
Line (Japanese: heart net) is screwed together using tension, and rubs mutually due to from the bending of the receivings such as pulley (sheave).Cause
This, about the form of rope deterioration, nearby the abrasion of the single line in portion (part enclosed by the dotted line of Fig. 2) and broken string are branch to core wire
With property.The direction (direction that rope diameter reduces) of strand to core wire is mobile due to the deterioration of the part, so as cable wire
It constructs and generates elongation.
The cable wire having configuration which is examined, is as a result distinguished: there is figure between elongation and intensity
Such correlation shown in 10.In Figure 10, horizontal axis indicates the elongation of rope.Specific numerical value is omitted in order to maintain secrecy, but
λ in figure is number % or so, and being converted into distance then is several mm or so.The longitudinal axis indicates that the intensity rate of rope (is referred to as remaining strong
Degree rate).If rope gradually extends in the state of new product when installation because deteriorating year in year out, concomitantly intensity also under
Drop.In general, intensity rate 80% is set as reference intensity, the elongation of rope is become into the time point of λ as replacement period
To obtain safety.
But, in the elongation of the rope caused by deteriorating year in year out, caused by the abrasion by strand and/or core wire
It further include elastic elongation other than reduction on radius of spin direction.The elongation of rope shown in Fig. 10 and the characteristic of intensity rate
It is the characteristic as obtained from the endurance bending test under some tension.If removing tension, reduced with the radius of spin associated
Elongation structurally can leave, but generate gap, institute in each sections such as single line and/or strand because the elasticity of structure form restores
To be unable to get stable elongation.
In mainteinance repair, it is also desirable to as the characteristic of Figure 10 under tension identical with endurance test to elongation into
Row measurement, it can be difficult to the rope to the multiple lines for constituting rope distinguishes load some tension.It is because general as reason
In elevator device using more ropes, the deviation of the tension of certain grade not can avoid.As a result, in the elastic elongation of each rope
Difference is generated, the amount of feeding of each rope conveyed by pulley is according to tension difference, so result is with elevator (riding sedan-chair
Compartment) lifting action and the tension state of each rope change.
The knot being simulated to the situation of the tension variation of 5 ropes relative to car position is shown in FIG. 11
Fruit.As condition, No3 rope in the stroke of 20m in the case where lowest level is relative to mean tension is set other ropes average
± the 2.5% of tension and ± 5%.
Other than the No3 rope under mean tension, with the lifting action of cage, the tension of each rope is to retouch
The mode for drawing closed loop changes, and upper and lower relation inverts when being located at lowest level and being moved to top layer.Moreover, the deviation width of tension
Degree is especially being moved to terminating layer (being top layer in Figure 11) Shi Bian great, more than initial ± 5%.
The deviation amplitude (amplitude of fluctuation) of tension is depended on as the deviation amplitude and liter after tension adjustment initially set
Stroke, pulley groove radius, deviation of rope diameter etc. drop.If indicating the closed loop curve loading condition of the tension variation of each rope not
Change is then substantially certain, but can change if loading condition changes, and continues to converge on by identical loading condition
Certain curve.
Have using after such tension adjustment deviation, diameter of pulley, rope diameter deviation as cause tension become
In the elevator device of change, the method that the elongation based on Figure 10-residual strength characteristic carries out mainteinance repair is unprecedented.
In addition, showing following method in the patent document 1 recorded as existing literature: for by cage
Change in location caused by tension variation corresponding with the self weight of band and it is corresponding with loading change, pass through the torque to traction machine
It is measured to grasp tension state, the elongation of band is modified (referring to [0045]-[0046] section).But it utilizes
What this method was modified is the elongation of the variation relative to mean tension.In the case where the deviation of tension is big, Wu Faxiu
Elongation just relative to the tension variation as cause.
For carrying out intensity management with the elongation of the replacement benchmark obtained using elongation-residual strength characteristic,
Under the unsuitable modified status of elongation, as shown in figure 12, need using consider prediction safely, be envisioned for overhauling
When the elongation λ ' of elastic elongation amount δ λ that generates.Therefore, become in the case where on the basis of line strength more than value
It is replaced, is as a result shortened with the upper service life as early as possible.
Hereinafter, being illustrated referring to attached drawing to embodiment.
(the 1st embodiment)
Fig. 1 is the figure for showing the schematic configuration of the elevator of machine House-less type of the 1st embodiment.
Elevator 1 has the elevating road 2 for being set to building, in the inside of the elevating road 2, cage 11 and counterweight 12
Being supported to respectively via guide rail being capable of elevating movement.Moreover, the traction machine with hauling block (traction sheave) 13
14 are set to the top of elevating road 2.
Cage 11 and counterweight 12 are suspended in elevating road 2 via more main ropes 10.In addition, only showing in Fig. 1
A main rope 10 out, about other main ropes 10, the illustration is omitted.
The one end 3a and the other end 3b of main rope 10 are fixed on elevating road via rope bolt pendant 4a, 4b respectively
2 upper end.In addition, the middle part 3c of main rope 10 is continuously hung in the pulley 15 of the setting of cage 11, in traction machine
The hauling block 13 of 14 settings and the pulley 16 being arranged in counterweight 12.Cage 11 and counterweight 12 are wound with 2:1 as a result,
Mode (roping) form is supported.When rotating institute by the driving hauling block 13 of traction machine 14, slided with the traction
The rotation of wheel 13, cage 11 and counterweight 12 carry out lifting action to bucket type in elevating road 2 via main rope 10.
In addition, being provided with governor (governor) 17 in elevating road 2.18 in figure be for carrying out to governor 17
Rotate the speed controller rope (governor rope) of driving.Governor 17 is moved via the lifting action with cage 11
Dynamic speed controller rope 18 detects the position of cage 11, speed, in the speed of the cage 11 due to certain exceptions
Degree has been more than to start brake in the case where setting speed.
In addition, traction machine 14 is set in elevating road 2 in the elevator of the machine House-less type of not Machine Room, but this
Invention is not particularly limited in this composition, is also possible to the elevator with Machine Room.In the elevator with Machine Room, traction machine 14
It is set to Machine Room.In addition, being also not necessarily limited to 2:1 winding method as shown in Figure 1 about winding method, being also possible to for example
The others mode such as 1:1 winding method.
Here, the rope of present embodiment checks that system has mark detecting sensor 21, encoder 22, arithmetic unit
23, display device 24 and tension detecting apparatus 40.
Mark detecting sensor 21 is arranged at certain intervals in the longitudinal direction of the main rope 10 as check object
Multiple labels 20 (referring to Fig. 3) detected.Encoder 22 is set to governor 17.Encoder 22 is with cage 11
Lifting action, the movement with main rope 10 are generated synchronously with pulse signal.
Arithmetic unit 23 is produced between each label 20 detected in maintenance by mark detecting sensor 21 from encoder 22
Raw pulse signal is counted, and the elongation of main rope 10 is calculated according to the count value.Moreover, in the present embodiment, fortune
Device 23 is calculated using the spring rate by tension detecting apparatus 40 tension detected and main rope 10, by the main rope of above-mentioned calculating
10 elongation is modified to the elongation under some tension, carries out intensity management based on the revised elongation.Display device
Elongation (distance label) of 24 betweens of main ropes 10 obtained using arithmetic unit 23 etc. is shown.In addition, arithmetic unit
23 and display device 24 be made of general computer.
Tension detecting apparatus 40 is set to the end of main rope 10, uses the load sensor for having deformeter etc. in inside
The tension of main rope 10 is detected.In addition, in the example in fig 1, in the one end of the main rope 10 of 11 side of cage
3a is provided with tension detecting apparatus 40, but tensioned detection can also be arranged in the other end 3b of the main rope 10 of 12 side of counterweight
Device 40.
Here, being illustrated referring to construction of the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 to main rope 10.
Cable wire is used as main rope 10.As shown in Fig. 2, main rope 10 has the rope main body as tension stress component
31 and the outer cover 32 that covers rope main body 31 by entire surface be used as main element.
Rope main body 31 by made centered on core wire 30 more steel stranding lines 33 with scheduled spacing it is twisted and structure
At.Thermoplastic tree of the outer cover 32 as such as polyurethanes with wear resistance and great friction coefficient
Rouge material is formed.Outer cover 32 has the outer peripheral surface 32a of the outer surface of regulation main rope 10.Outer peripheral surface 32a has circle
Cross sectional shape contacted while with friction and when being wrapping with each pulley 13,15,16.
Moreover, the resin material for forming outer cover 32 is filled in the gap between adjacent strand 33.Therefore, external
Coating 32 has the multiple filling parts 34 entered between strand 33 adjacent in the circumferential direction of rope main body 31.Filling part 34
In the inside of the outer peripheral surface 32a of outer cover 32.
As shown in figure 3, the surface (i.e. the outer peripheral surface 32a of outer cover 32) in main rope 10 is provided with multiple labels
20.These labels 20 are the elements for being detected to elongation caused by the deterioration as main rope 10, spread main rope 10
Endlong in the long side direction at certain intervals (such as the interval 500mm) arrange.These labels 20 one by one in master
It is formed in the circumferential direction of rope 10 with continuous straight line or interrupted dotted line.
In main rope 10, with the process during use, gap between strand 33 and the multiple lists for constituting strand 33
Gap between line reduces.Strand 33 and/or single line rub mutually repeatedly as a result, and the abrasion broken string of strand 33 and/or single line adds
It is acute.
Especially, it in the part that main rope 10 is contacted with each pulley 13,15,16, is repeatedly subjected to rub.Therefore, main rope
The aggravation degree of the abrasion broken string of rope 10 is bigger by the part of pulley 13,15,16 than main rope 10, thus main rope 10
Rope diameter reduces, generates local elongation in main rope 10.Therefore, by making the elongation of main rope 10 and intensity rate of descent
Relationship is made clear, detects to the elongation that deterioration becomes the best part among main rope 10, can be to main rope 10
Intensity is managed.
Mark detecting sensor 21 is for example fixed near traction machine 14 in the mode opposite with main rope 10.As a result,
When being operated between top layer and lowest level by maintenance goes up and down cage 11, in addition to close to rope bolt pendant 4a, 4b
Part, the major part of the overall length of rope 10 by mark detecting sensor 21, can its by when continuously to label 20
It is detected.In addition, the movement of encoder 22 and cage 11 synchronously outputs pulse signal, thus become substantially with rope
The corresponding pulse output of the amount of feeding.
Arithmetic unit 23 is using the mark detecting signal exported from mark detecting sensor 21 as triggering, to therebetween from volume
The quantity for the pulse signal that code device 22 exports is counted, thus according to the count value using the distance between label as rope elongation
Amount carries out operation.
In addition, the position near the traction machine 14 of fixation mark detection sensor 21 can be 11 side of cage, it can also
Think 12 side of counterweight.If 12 side of counterweight, then rope tension is not dependent on the loading condition of cage 11, so replacement determines
Threshold value become certain for specifically constructing, it is high with upper convenience.This is because because of cage 11 and counterweight
The elongation of the difference of 12 quality and the elasticity of main rope 10 is different, shows different elongations relative to certain deterioration.
But, the threshold value and rope tension for replacing judgement cooperatively change, so not being in the measurement of marker spacing
Essential problem.
In view of responsiveness, it is preferred that mark detecting sensor 21 is by having used the photoelectric sensor structure of laser reflection light
At.In the photoelectric sensor sold in the market, laser irradiation is examined in object according to the difference of intensity of reflected light in recent years
The sensor of the variation for the color for surveying surface is gaining popularity.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is to show optically to detect the label 20 in main rope 10 by mark detecting sensor 21
In the case where the figure constituted substantially.Fig. 4 is the figure obtained from mark detecting sensor 21 from side, and Fig. 5 is after tiltedly
Scheme obtained from side's observation mark detecting sensor 21.Here, the 1 label detection of one-sided configuration shown in main rope 10 passes
The composition of sensor 21, if but the case where consider a part of defect of label 20, preferably as described later in main rope 10
Two sides configure pair of marks detection sensor 21.
Mark detecting sensor 21 has the irradiation portion 25 for irradiating laser and the acceptance part 26 for receiving reflected light.
Acceptance part 26 has detection sensitivity to the reflected light in the longitudinal direction of main rope 10 in the range as shown in dotted line A.Cause
This, if irradiating laser to label 20, acceptance part 26 is able to detect that strong reflected light, is differentiated according to the intensity of the reflected light
The presence or absence of label 20.
If the movement speed in main rope 10 is 1m/s maintenance operating below, it can not only obtain enough responses
Performance, cost are also lower than the detection method based on image procossing camera as existing literature 1.Moreover, being based on image procossing
In the detection method of camera, if camera not being arranged in from the place that main rope 10 is left and being carried out on a large scale to main rope 10
Shooting then can not measure marker spacing according to shooting image.In contrast, in the present embodiment, in the attached of main rope 10
Nearly setting flag detection sensor 21, so having the advantages that without keeping the environment of rope inspection broad.
Here, the decision threshold of the intensity of reflected light in mark detecting sensor 21 is set as the composition variable in maintenance.
This is because the label 20 and rope surface state that have an impact to laser reflection luminous intensity can change as time goes by.
For example, needing to increase detection spirit because of intensity of reflected light decline in the case where a part of defect of label 20
Sensitivity.In addition, needing to drop in the case where rope surface fixed (bright color) attachment for being attached to easy reflected light
Low detection sensitivity.The state of rope surface is different according to the use condition of elevator, so by making it possible to for each
Object adjusts decision threshold according to state, can prevent the error detection and leak detection of label 20.
In addition, the label 20 on the surface for being set to main rope 10 component high as intensity of reflected light is illustrated,
But the most important thing is (non-in the part (labeling section) for imposing label 20 and the part that does not impose label 20 among main rope 10
Labeling section) there is difference in intensity of reflected light, even the composition that intensity of reflected light declines at labeling section, act on also identical.
In addition, main rope 10 have rotation, in order to time going by and the label 20 of a defect reliably
It is detected, needs that there is detection sensitivity for rope complete cycle.It is therefore preferable that as shown in fig. 6, with from the two sides of main rope 10
Pair of marks detection sensor 21 is arranged in the mode clipped.
In this case, in order to inhibit the increase of sensor number, preferably with the laser of 1 mark detecting sensor 21
Main rope 10 diametric range of exposures and reflected light horizontal direction by optical range as shown in Figure 5 with master
The diameter B of rope 10 substantially uniform composition.The reason is that, the leak detection of label 20 in order to prevent, needed on bottom line pair
Rope amplitude has sensitivity, but than rope amplitude broad, will receive from the behind for being in main rope 10
Structure etc. reflection influence, error detection a possibility that increase.
Then, the movement of this system is illustrated.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart being illustrated for the movement to this system, is shown through maintenance operating to label 20
Interval is automatically determined the processing to be determined the deterioration state of main rope 10.
Firstly, make 11 Move To Bottom of cage, the maintenance operating (step since lowest level is towards top layer
S11).In addition it is also possible to towards lowest level cage 11 be made to carry out maintenance operating from top layer.It is operated by the maintenance,
The main rope 10 that suspended on cage 11 and counterweight 12 is moved at leisure with certain speed.At this point, the shifting with main rope 10
It moves synchronously from 22 output pulse signal of encoder.Arithmetic unit 23 to the number of the pulse signal exported from the encoder 22 successively
It counts (step S12).
In addition, being set to the label 20 on the surface of main rope 10 by mark detecting sensor with the movement of main rope 10
21 are detected optically by.Timing of the arithmetic unit 23 when detecting label 20 by mark detecting sensor 21 is to current point in time
The count value of pulse signal is confirmed, calculates the distance (step S14) between label based on the count value.
Specifically, arithmetic unit 23 produces during detecting label 20 by mark detecting sensor 21 to from encoder 22
The number for having given birth to pulse signal is counted, and the rope amount of movement (pulsation rate) based on the count value and average 1 pulse calculates label
Between distance.Indicate that the data of the distance between the label calculated at this time are stored in (the figure of the memory 23a in arithmetic unit 23
1).In this case, it if main rope 10 does not extend, the distance between the label of above-mentioned calculating and is marked during installation in main rope
The marker spacing (such as 500mm) of rope 10 is identical.If main rope 10 extends due to deteriorating year in year out, between the above-mentioned label calculated
Distance than above-mentioned installation when marker spacing it is big.
Later similarly, cage 11 reach top layer until during, label 20 detection timing to pulse
The count value of signal is confirmed, the distance between label is successively calculated according to the count value and is stored in memory 23a (step
S12~S15).
In addition, the method for counting as pulse signal, have pulsedly accumulative from 1 pulse 1 of initial value (such as " 0000 ")
The method that initial value is reset when method and every time label detection and is counted repeatedly.In the case where the former method, find out
The difference for detecting the aggregate-value of the pulse when aggregate-value of pulse when label 20 detected label 20 with last time, according to the difference
Value finds out the distance between label.
In order to which rope position is associated with car position, from 1 pulse of initial value, 1 pulse preferably as the former method
The method that ground adds up.In this case, if the aggregate-value of pulse when will test label 20 successively stores, this is tired out later
Evaluation keeps cage 11 mobile as index, it will be able to the visual main rope 10 of the setting place of mark detecting sensor 21 it
In want check part.
In addition, then being obtained by being set to the encoder 22 of governor (governor) 17 if such as 2:1 winding method
Carriage amount of movement become rope amount of movement 1/2.Therefore, it in order to which the count value according to pulse signal finds out marker spacing, needs
Consider the ratio of winding method at this time.
Here, label 20 equally spaced arranges in the longitudinal direction of main rope 10 in elevator installation.Therefore, do not having
Have in the case where being extended as caused by the deterioration of main rope 10, the count value of above-mentioned pulse signal becomes between label when installation
It is roughly the same every corresponding a reference value.On the other hand, in the case where main rope 10 has extended due to the deterioration of main rope 10,
The count value of above-mentioned pulse signal can be more than a reference value corresponding with marker spacing when installation.
The situation is shown in Fig. 8.
For Fig. 8 for being illustrated to the relationship of pulse signal and marker spacing, (a) of Fig. 8 is the movement with main rope 10
The pulse signal synchronously outputted, the marker spacing when figure (b) of Fig. 8 is installation, (c) of Fig. 8 is changed due to rope because year in year out
Marker spacing when having extended.
If a reference value when marker spacing when by installing counts pulse signal is set as n pulse, in master
In the case that rope 10 does not deteriorate, contain a little error and n arteries and veins when installation by overhauling the count value that operating obtains
It rushes roughly the same.But if main rope 10 is in the state extended due to deterioration, by overhauling the count value for operating and obtaining
It is more than n pulse corresponding with marker spacing when installation.
Maintenance operating after, arithmetic unit 23 based on be stored in as measurement result memory 23a it is each mark between
Distance calculates the elongation (step S16) of main rope 10.As described above, maintenance when rope elongation in, in addition to by bad year in year out
It further include the elastic elongation as caused by tension other than elongation caused by changing.Therefore, arithmetic unit 23 considers the bullet as caused by tension
Property elongation, the elongation (step S17) elongation calculated in above-mentioned steps S16 being modified under some tension.
It is concretely demonstrated, if the arteries and veins that will be generated during mark detecting sensor 21 is detected and marked from encoder 22
The quantity for rushing signal is set as Cn, then the distance D conduct between marking
D=Cn × γ ... (1)
And it finds out.
γ is pulsation rate, is the rope amount of feeding of average 1 pulse synchronous with carriage amount of movement.
Here, with main rope 10 by mark detecting sensor 21 when tension T-phase answer ground, produce bullet in main rope 10
Property elongation.Tension when therefore, by by 40 pairs of tension detecting apparatus maintenance detects, and obtains the tension of standard using following formula
Elongation d when T0.
D=D+ (T0-T)/k-D0 ... (2)
Wherein, k=AE/D0
K be relative to it is zero load when marker spacing D0 rope spring constant (spring rate).A is the section of rope
Product, E are the elasticity modulus of rope.
By using above-mentioned (2) formula, no matter overhauling the rope of object is what kind of tension state, can be obtained using following formula
Elongation Λ under the tension T0 of standard.
Λ=d/D0 ... (3)
Λ is elongation identical with endurance bending test, under some tension.The elasticity that the elongation of rope is included
Elongation can be considered and determine that the deterioration sample for replacing benchmark is same, so can be strong using elongation-remnants shown in Fig. 10
Elongation λ in degree characteristic is managed.That is, compared to tension change shown in estimated Figure 12 by λ ' as replacement base
Standard is managed, and main rope 10 in intensity with safety can be used for a long time, can improve with the upper service life.
Arithmetic unit 23 is determined as in master in the case where above-mentioned revised elongation d is more than preset threshold value
The intensity of rope 10 falls to standard value state below and is in deterioration state (step S18).Shown in above-mentioned threshold value and Figure 10
Elongation λ it is corresponding.As described above, elongation λ is number %, being converted into distance then is several mm.That is, in above-mentioned amendment
Elongation d afterwards has been more than to be determined as that main rope 10 is in deterioration state in the case where elongation corresponding with elongation λ.
In the case where being determined as that main rope 10 is in deterioration state, arithmetic unit 23 for example shows in display device 24 and warns
Accuse message, sound an alarm sound etc., notify rope replacement period to close on this meaning to maintenance person.Thereby, it is possible to cut down maintenance
The upkeep operation of member, will appreciate that and need the period for carrying out rope replacement and coped with.
In addition, the rope under being operated the measured value of the marker spacing of each section and maintenance according to the count value of pulse signal
It is readily, so can also will be more than that the rope position at position of above-mentioned threshold value is shown in display device that amount of movement is associated
24.Marker spacing has been more than that the position of threshold value is the part that damage exacerbates, for clear damage reason, it is desirable to be seen by appearance
It examines to carry out the visual confirmation of impairment scale.In this case, by make be more than the position of threshold value rope position it is aobvious
Show, confirmation operation becomes easy.
Alternatively, it is also possible to the maximum rope position in position i.e. marker spacing that will utmostly have been extended among main rope 10
It is shown in display device 24.The big position of the deterioration of general main rope 10 is that the layer more than the stopping frequency to cage 11 is related
The bend loading of connection becomes the best part.But the position being accidentally damaged such as during installation if it exists, the then damage
Partial deterioration is possible to first carry out.It is such different from usually deteriorating by showing the rope position of maximum elongation part
The confirmation at deterioration position becomes easy.
Alternatively, it is also possible to be, it is recorded in memory 23a using marker determination result as historical information, by the historical information
It is shown by chart is carried out each maintenance day.So, rope deterioration can be easily grasped according to the variation of marker spacing
State.
Moreover, if by elevator monitoring regular sensor from above-mentioned historical information to remote site (not shown) convey,
It can be managed concentratedly in deterioration state of the elevator monitoring sensor side to the main rope 10 of each object, it can be logical to maintenance person
Know that rope replaces period close building.
In this way, according to the 1st embodiment, can be spaced by the label by mark in the rope as check object
To elongation be modified to the elongation under some tension and carry out suitable intensity management.Thereby, it is possible to improve to ensure rope
In the state of Suo Qiangdu with the upper service life, the reliability of intensity management can be improved.
(the 2nd embodiment)
Then, the 2nd embodiment is illustrated
It the use of have the load sensor of deformeter etc. in inside is preferred in precision as tension detecting apparatus 40
, but from the viewpoint of cost reduction, mark detecting sensor 21 can also be shared as tension sensor.
As Fig. 4 and it is illustrated in fig. 5, use photoelectric sensor as mark detecting sensor 21.As
The detection mode of general photoelectric sensor, it will be seen that light and/or infrared light are irradiated to object, according to the difference of intensity of reflected light
And the mode of the variation on the surface of detection label etc. is gaining popularity.
In the mark detection method of photoelectric sensor for having used such composition, if applying sideway to main rope 10
Intensity of reflected light changes.If the time waveform to the intensity of reflected light obtained from mark detecting sensor 21 carries out FFT
(fast Fourier transform: fast Fourier transform) processing, then obtain as shown in Figure 9 show master at certain intervals
The Chord vibration waveform of frequency (prominent frequency).
The intrinsic frequency ν of Chord vibration is expressed from the next.
ν=n/ (2L) × √ (T/ ρ) (n=1,2,3 ...) ... (4)
L is the length of string, and T is tension, and ρ is rope line density." length of string " refers to master corresponding with car position
The length (referring to Fig.1) of rope 10, the value of L is counted by the pulse signal to encoder 22 to be obtained.In addition, the value of ρ
It is known.
It is easy for carrying out exciting to main rope 10 at arbitrary car position.At this point, if to mark detecting sensor
The waveform of 21 intensity of reflected light carries out FFT processing and finds out the sideway frequency of main rope 10, then can be obtained according to above-mentioned (4) formula
To the tension T of main rope 10.In addition, above-mentioned a series of processing is executed by arithmetic unit 23.
In addition, constitute elevator main rope 10 each rope tension deviation due to the amount of feeding of rope difference and produce
It is raw.In the case where paying close attention to specific rope, the more big then amplitude of variation of the moving distance of cage 11 is bigger.In cage side rope
In the case where rope, generally when cage 11 is moved to top layer, the deviation amplitude of the tension of each rope becomes maximum.In addition,
Tension variation becomes larger near top layer, but this is because the rope that the difference for being stored in the rope amount of feeding has shortened.Therefore, right
The reduction of the spring constant of rope bolt pendant 4a, 4b (referring to Fig.1) is effective for the inhibition of tension variation amplitude.This quilt
Think and extends the identical effect the rope that top layer has shortened the case where.
But, even if reducing spring constant, the lifting until the variation of tension converges to substantially certain closed loop curve is secondary
Number increases.In any case, from determine tension state (loading condition) to tension variation become substantially centainly until need it is multiple
Lifting action.Therefore, in order to find out the elongation of high reliablity, it is preferred that make the loading shape of cage 11 in maintenance
State carries out tension detection so that cage 11 has been carried out multiple lifting action with meeting scheduled condition (no-load) after.
In this way, according to the 2nd embodiment, even if mark detecting sensor is used as tension sensor, can also obtain with
The tension of the corresponding rope of car position.It is same as the first embodiment described above as a result, it can be considered that the elasticity as caused by tension
It extends and corrects the elongation of rope to carry out intensity management.
According to above-described at least one embodiment, it is capable of providing a kind of can not the visually damage of tension stress part
In the mainteinance repair of rope, can improve in the state of ensuring line strength with the upper service life, and can be improved intensity
The rope of the elevator of the reliability of management checks system.
In addition, in the example in fig 1, being set as carrying out the pulse signal exported from the encoder 22 for being set to governor 17
The composition of counting, but also can be set to and same encoder for example is set in hauling block 13 and to the arteries and veins from the encoder output
Rush the composition that signal is counted.Alternatively, it is also possible to be set as the top regular coding device in cage 11 and make the encoder
Rotating part be crimped on the composition of guide rail.These are revolving encoders, but also can be used for example in elevating road 2 along
Cage 11 lifting direction and magnetic or optically carry out pulse output linear encoder (not shown).
To sum up, several embodiments of the invention are described, but these embodiments be as an example and
It proposes, is not intended to the range for limiting invention.These novel embodiments can be implemented with various other ways, not take off
In the range of the main idea of invention, it is able to carry out various omissions, displacement, change.These embodiments and modifications thereof are contained in hair
Bright range and main idea, and be contained in invention and the range impartial with it documented by claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of rope of elevator checks system, which is characterized in that have:
Mark detection unit, to be arranged at certain intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rope as check object it is multiple mark into
Row detection；
Tension detection unit detects the tension of the rope；And
Arithmetic element calculates the elongation of the rope according to the interval respectively marked detected by the label detection unit
Amount, and the elongation of the rope is modified to one by the tension based on the rope detected by the tension detection unit
Determine the elongation under tension, intensity management is carried out based on the revised elongation.
2. the rope of elevator according to claim 1 checks system, which is characterized in that
The label detection unit includes optical sensor, which swashs to the irradiation of the resin covering surface of the rope
Light, according to the intensity optical of its reflected light to it is described it is each label the presence or absence of detect, the label detection unit for
The amplitude of the diameter of the rope has detection sensitivity.
3. the rope of elevator according to claim 2 checks system, which is characterized in that
The optical sensor is set near the traction machine for making cage carry out lifting action.
4. the rope of elevator according to claim 1 checks system, which is characterized in that
The tension detection unit carries out the tension of the rope using the load sensor for the end for being set to the rope
Detection.
5. the rope of elevator according to claim 2 checks system, which is characterized in that
The tension detection unit finds out the rope according to the intensity of the reflected light obtained from the optical sensor
Yaw vibration detects the tension for the rope for acting on the yaw vibration.
6. the rope of elevator according to claim 1 checks system, which is characterized in that
The tension detection unit has carried out multiple lifting action with meeting scheduled condition in the loading condition for making cage
The tension of the rope is detected later.
7. the rope of elevator according to claim 1 checks system, which is characterized in that
The rope of the elevator checks that system has impulse generating unit, and the impulse generating unit is mobile synchronous with the rope
Ground generates pulse signal,
The arithmetic element is produced to during the label detection unit detects each label from the impulse generating unit
The quantity of raw pulse signal is counted, and calculates the rope using its count value and the rope amount of movement of average 1 pulse
The elongation of rope.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2017215679A JP6445657B1 (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2017-11-08 | Elevator rope inspection system |
| JP2017-215679 | 2017-11-08 |
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| CN (1) | CN109748171B (en) |
Cited By (4)
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| CN111942995A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-17 | 东芝电梯株式会社 | Rope inspection system for elevator |
| CN112850422A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-28 | 东芝电梯株式会社 | Rope inspection system for elevator |
| CN112919288A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-08 | 东芝电梯株式会社 | Deterioration determination method |
| CN114620579A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-06-14 | 东芝电梯株式会社 | Rope inspection system for elevator |
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| US20230002194A1 (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2023-01-05 | Inventio Ag | Method for determining a wear state of components of a suspension means arrangement of an elevator system |
| JP6864066B1 (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-04-21 | 東芝エレベータ株式会社 | Elevator rope inspection system |
| CN114920118B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-09-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Vertical skip unloading residual early warning system and identification method based on steel wire rope tension |
| CN116567438B (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-09-05 | 中南大学 | Synchronous camera-based steel wire rope tension monitoring method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2019085242A (en) | 2019-06-06 |
| JP6445657B1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
| CN109748171B (en) | 2021-05-25 |
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