CN109744032A

CN109744032A - A kind of organic crops base pest control method

Info

Publication number: CN109744032A
Application number: CN201711101444.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王权
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-11-01
Filing date: 2017-11-01
Publication date: 2019-05-14

Abstract

The present invention has attacked a kind of organic crops base pest control method, in the control method include cultural control method, physical control method, biological control method and medical treatment method, all kinds of control methods are synchronous to be implemented, by the natural climate condition in reasonable crop rotation, work, the growth characteristic of interplanting crop rotation combination organic crops and base, the method for integrated control that can be effectively controlled pest and disease damage is found out.Pest control method of the invention, using weak link of the pest and disease damage in occurrence and development, corresponding control measure is formulated in analysis, so that crop is got bumper crops good harvest, reliable in quality stabilization.

Description

A kind of organic crops base pest control method

Technical field

The pest and disease damage grass that this method is suitable for multiple kinds of crops is prevented and treated, and in particular to a kind of organic crops base pest and disease damage is anti- Control method.

Background technique

In organic vegetable production system, the control overall principle to pest and disease damage is to put prevention first, the policy of integrated control, Using agriculture, physics, ecological and biological control method in prevention and treatment.

The generation of organic base pest and disease damage has close contact with its ambient environmental factors.Pest and disease damage is prevented and treated first is that master The characteristic of disease pest, second is that it is to be understood that the environmental factor of surrounding, understand how environment has an effect and restrict the generation of pest and disease damage, and from Middle grasp influences the principal element that pest and disease damage occurs.

It organic crops base should be according to adaptation to local conditions principle, it then follows entirety, coordination, the spontaneous and regeneration cycle of ecological engineering Scheduling theory, the structure and function of target adjustment complex ecosystem, connects heterogeneity and the ecosystem as expected, is formed mutually beneficial Symbiosis network, layered multi-stage utilize substance, energy, room and time, promotion system benign cycle, to reach economic, ecology and society The comprehensive benefit of meeting.

Common insect pest has aphid, thrips, red spider, cutworm, cabbage butterfly, prodenia litura etc. in organic crops base； Common disease has powdery mildew, rust, root rot, leaf spot, soft rot, Cruciferae clubroot, virosis etc..

Existing organic crops base does not have perfect pest control measure, and pest and disease damage is caused to become organic crops base day The weak link often produced.

Summary of the invention

There is not more perfect control method for the organic crops base prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of the invention, the present invention proposes one kind Organic crops base pest control method.

Organic crops base pest control method of the invention, it is characterised in that the control method includes that agricultural is anti- Method, physical control method, biological control method and medical treatment method are controlled, all kinds of control methods are synchronous to be implemented, specific as follows:

1. cultural control method

Using variety classes vegetables shifting cultivation, make between the height bar of vegetables, adjustment sowing time is staggered disease pest hazard boom Phase applies decomposed thorough fertilizer；Tillage and weeding, cleaning rural area will be attached to weeds, the pest on stubble and worm's ovum clean out field Garden；Organic field is ploughed deeply using big machinery, the pest for ensconcing underground, ovum, pupa are translated on the ground and by manually picking It removes；Diseased plant, weak strain, the pest-resistant cultivar of the healthy not disease carrying germ of selection are eliminated in stringent screening；

2. physical control method

It hots water treatment of seeds, kills the germ of seed coat；Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp is installed；Yellow haftplatte is set to aphid and is dived Leaf fly is traped；Wild wormwood artemisia, which is stacked, in field traps cutworm；Cleaning rural area in time, weeds and crop residues are thorough Bottom is cleaned out；Manually arrest pest；It can be drained in time when can supply water in time when non-irrigated, is flooded；

3. biological control method

Pest is eliminated using beneficial organism, such as: cabbage butterfly is killed by the parasitic wasp (braconid wasp) in protection base Larva can reduce harm of the cabbage caterpillar to brassicaceous vegetable；

4. medical treatment method

The organic agricultural chemicals and biological insecticides authenticated using Organic certification structure；It is first in cucurbits powdery mildew, downy mildew morbidity Phase can spray sulphur powder or Bordeaux mixture on crop, primary every sprinkling in 15~20 days, continuously spray 2~3 times, can be effective Control disease sprawling；It is prevented and treated using the organic agricultural chemicals crossed by Organic certification agency qualification.

Pest control method of the invention, using weak link of the pest and disease damage in occurrence and development, analysis is formulated corresponding Control measure, so that crop is got bumper crops good harvest, reliable in quality is stablized.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is made of pest control and disease control two parts, and two parts are implemented simultaneously in insect control, wherein institute The pest control stated includes cultural control method, physical control method and biological control method:

1. pest control

1.1 cultural control methods

Efficent rotation: according to the variety classes shifting cultivation of vegetables, make to lack food with the pest that single kind crop eats Object creates the environment for being unfavorable for its existence, mitigates the generation of insect pest；It grasps the pests occurrence rule of pest: fully understanding the hair of pest Raw rule, appropriate adjustment sowing time make crop growth period be staggered pest damage peak period, achieve the purpose that insect prevention；Intertillage in due course Weeding, cleaning rural area: the tillage and weeding in due course to organic base, cleaning rural area can will be attached to weeds, the pest on stubble And worm's ovum cleans out rural area together, to mitigate the harm of pest；Winter ploughing solarization is cut down: every time after harvest, will be had using big machinery Machine field is ploughed deeply, and the pest for ensconcing underground, ovum, pupa can be made to translate on the ground, on the one hand manually can pick out in this way, another Aspect can use winter arctic weather and freeze to death part worm's ovum, pupa, achieve the purpose that coming year insect pest mitigates；Select pest-resistant product Kind: a kind of extent of injury of the same pest on crop is possible to different, this is because between kind caused by performance.Pass through selection Pest-resistant cultivar can achieve the effect for mitigating pest damage；

1.2 physical control methods

Using the phototaxis of pest, frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp is installed, adult is traped, can reduce the harm journey of next year Degree；Using the color that becomes of pest, yellow haftplatte is set, aphid and Liriomyza are traped；Using the good feeding habits of pest, in field It stacks wild wormwood artemisia and traps cutworm in the edge of a field；Manual catching and killing: according to the inhabiting of pest, egg-laying pattern and special life habit, In conjunction with field management, above the average age for marriage pest can manually be arrested, achieve the purpose that insect prevention；

1.3 biological control methods:

Pest is eliminated using beneficial organism, the basic characteristics of biological control are exactly: worm being controlled with worm, worm is controlled with bacterium；Reinforce Environmental protection promotes the ecological balance, protects the natural enemy of pest, utilize the harm of Natural Enemies；Using passing through Organic certification The organic agricultural chemicals that agency qualification is crossed prevents and treats pest；Using by Organic certification mechanism allow using biological insecticides.

2. disease control

2.1 cultural control methods

Efficent rotation and work: different vegetable carries out crop rotation, has cut off the host source of certain germ, has made it that can not infect danger Evil.Make between the height bar of vegetables, improve ventilation and penetrating light condition, the dip dyeing that can limit pathogeny is caused harm；Tillage and weeding: in due course Weeding, can chesson, increase the gas permeability of soil, promote root growth, and then enhance vegetables disease resistance, mitigate disease Generation；It applies decomposed thorough fertilizer: rationally applying the decomposed thorough, fertilizer without germ in time, can significantly improve Soil fertility increases soil nutrient content, mitigates the generation of disease；Select seed strain: should strictly screen kind of strain in seed field, wash in a pan Diseased plant, weak strain are eliminated, the kind strain of health is selected to reserve seed for planting, it is ensured that seed not disease carrying germ；Select resistant variety: the work of different cultivars Object is different to the resistance level of same disease.Select resistant variety that can effectively control the generation of disease；

2.2 physical control methods

It hots water treatment of seeds: being hoted water treatment of seeds according to the lethal temperature of germ, kill the germ of seed coat.This method makes The temperature of hot water can kill germ and influence the normal germinating growth of seed；Rural area should be cleared up in time after vegetables harvest, Weeds and crop residues thorough cleaning are clean, continue to propagate harm in field to prevent the germ in weeds and crop residues, If finding individual diseased plants in farm, diseased plant band soil should be cleared out of into field in time, prevent diseased plant sprawling from causing harm；Timely insect prevention: permitted More insects (such as aphid) be easy to cause the propagation of disease, thus should timely pest control generation, in this way can be in certain journey Mitigate the generation of disease on degree；Improve irrigating facility: should ensure that water source not by pathogen contamination, while will accomplish energy when drought first It can be drained in time when supplying water in time, is flooded, eliminate the environment of pathogen existence, constantly improvement field microclimate.

Claims

1. organic crops base pest control method, it is characterised in that the control method includes cultural control method, object Control method, biological control method and medical treatment method are managed, all kinds of control methods are synchronous to be implemented, specific as follows:

1) cultural control method

Using variety classes vegetables shifting cultivation, make between the height bar of vegetables, adjustment sowing time is staggered the disease pest hazard boom phase, applies Enter decomposed thorough fertilizer；Tillage and weeding, cleaning rural area will be attached to weeds, the pest on stubble and worm's ovum clean out rural area；Make Organic field is ploughed deeply with big machinery, the pest for ensconcing underground, ovum, pupa are translated on the ground and by manually picking removal；Sternly Diseased plant, weak strain, the pest-resistant cultivar of the healthy not disease carrying germ of selection are eliminated in diagrid choosing；

2) physical control method

It hots water treatment of seeds, kills the germ of seed coat；Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp is installed；Yellow haftplatte is set to aphid and Liriomyza It is traped；Wild wormwood artemisia, which is stacked, in field traps cutworm；Cleaning rural area in time, weeds and crop residues are thoroughly clear Reason is clean；Manually arrest pest；It can be drained in time when can supply water in time when non-irrigated, is flooded；

3) biological control method

Pest is eliminated using beneficial organism；

4) medical treatment

The organic agricultural chemicals and biological insecticides authenticated using Organic certification structure；Early stage can spray limewash on crop Supernatant or Bordeaux mixture (1: 1: 200), it is primary every sprinkling in 15~20 days, it continuously sprays 2~3 times, can effectively control disease Harmful sprawling；It is prevented and treated using the organic agricultural chemicals crossed by Organic certification agency qualification.