CN109741674A - A kind of fire disaster simulation device design method and system - Google Patents
A kind of fire disaster simulation device design method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109741674A CN109741674A CN201910190215.7A CN201910190215A CN109741674A CN 109741674 A CN109741674 A CN 109741674A CN 201910190215 A CN201910190215 A CN 201910190215A CN 109741674 A CN109741674 A CN 109741674A
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- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims description 38
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
A kind of fire disaster simulation device design method and system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Ingenious combination and application have been carried out to gauge device and control device, so as to dynamic regulation fire source heat release rate and produce cigarette rate, situations such as guaranteeing to obtain the Temperature Distribution under various Fire Conditions, flue gas diffusion more meets reality, provides important theoretical foundation for fire prevention and treatment and evacuating personnel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fire disaster simulation technical fields, in particular to a kind of fire disaster simulation device design method and are
System.
Background technique
To in tunnel, when the harm that underground space region generation fire will cause is analyzed, it will usually carry out burning survey
Examination experiment, the fire source that one may occur carry out phenomena such as lighting test, detecting fire and smoke spread situation, Temperature Distribution.Simulation
The fire that heat release rate, smoke-producing amount and the heating curve of fire source will occur with actual capabilities is consistent.
For pole incipient fire, heat release rate is the process gradually increased.The fire condition in small space can
To take full-scale experiment, the simulation of fire source is carried out using Actual combustion object, but for the big sky of the hypogees such as tunnel, subway
Between region, the cost for carrying out full-scale experiment is high, thus it is most of tested using small-scale model, in general experiment
Fire source is generated by lighting real material (oil sump, cloth etc.) or gas burning, but small-scale experiment is to consider Fu Laode
It is carried out under conditions of similarity criterion, the burn rate of its material is unable to control when lighting using real material, forefathers can only be passed through
Experimental result substantially knows heat release rate, can not accurately give heat release rate, causes to be lighted and be difficult to using real material
Ensure compliance with the development of the practical intensity of a fire.
In the prior art, the method for using gas fire source can control intensity of a fire size to meet the feelings of practical fire development
Condition, but existing patent research lacks dynamic and controls, it is difficult to realization is precisely controlled heat release rate, leads to resultant error
It is larger.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of fire disaster simulation device design method and system.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of fire disaster simulation device design method, is applied to fire disaster simulation device designing system,
The fire disaster simulation device designing system includes gauge device, control device, experimental bench device and temperature-detecting device, described fixed
Value device is electrically connected with the control device, and the control device is electrically connected with the experimental bench device, the experimental bench device
It is electrically connected with the temperature-detecting device, which comprises
The gauge device obtains combustion information of the incendiary material when different periods burn, wherein combustion information includes
Discharge heat rate and flame temperature；
Combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is arranged according to combustion information of the incendiary material when different periods burn in the gauge device
Target flow information, and combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas are controlled according to the target flow information in the experiment by the control device
The output of platform device；
The control device obtains the combustion gas of experimental bench device output and the actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas and by institute
It states actual flow information and feeds back to the gauge device；
The gauge device judges whether the actual flow information matches with the target flow information, is mismatching
When, the actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information by the control device.
Optionally, the actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow by the control device
The step of information includes:
The control device uses fuzzy controller combination Smith Prediction Control algorithm, by the institute of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas
It states actual flow information and is adjusted to the target flow information.
Optionally, the actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow by the control device
The step of information includes:
The gauge device automatically controls the control device and adjusts the actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas
For the target flow information.
Optionally, the actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow by the control device
After information, the method also includes:
The temperature-detecting device is passed through described in the acquisition of thermocouple dynamic compensation method using the different thermocouple of three diameters
The ignition temperature of experimental bench device.
Optionally, the control device obtains the combustion gas of the experimental bench device output and the actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas
And the step of actual flow information is fed back to the gauge device, includes:
It include flow sensor on the control device, the control device obtains the reality by the flow sensor
It tests the combustion gas of platform device output and the actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas and the actual flow information is fed back into the definite value and fill
It sets.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of fire disaster simulation device designing system, the fire disaster simulation device designing system packet
Gauge device, control device, experimental bench device and temperature-detecting device are included, the gauge device is electrically connected with the control device
It connecing, the control device is electrically connected with the experimental bench device, and the experimental bench device is electrically connected with the temperature-detecting device,
The described method includes:
The gauge device is used to obtain combustion information of the incendiary material in different periods burning, wherein combustion information
Including release heat rate and flame temperature；
The gauge device be used for according to incendiary material different periods burn when combustion information setting combustion gas with it is combustion-supporting
The target flow information of gas, and by the control device control combustion gas with combustion-supporting gas according to the target flow information described
Experimental bench device output；
The control device is used to obtain the actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas that the experimental bench device exports simultaneously
The actual flow information is fed back into the gauge device；
The gauge device judges whether the target flow information matches with the actual flow information, is mismatching
When, the actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information.
Optionally, the control device is by being adjusted to described for the actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas below
Target flow information:
The control device uses fuzzy controller combination Smith Prediction Control algorithm, by the institute of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas
It states actual flow information and is adjusted to the target flow information.
Optionally, the temperature-detecting device is used to compensate using the different thermocouple of three diameters by thermocouple dynamic
Method obtains the ignition temperature of the experimental bench device.
Optionally, the system also includes tracer grain device, the tracer grain device is connected to the gauge device
Between the control device,
The gauge device is also used to controlling combustion-supporting gas when the experimental bench device exports, and controls the tracer grain
Device output tracking particle is to combustion-supporting gas, so that tracer grain mixes output in the experimental bench device simultaneously with combustion-supporting gas.
A kind of fire disaster simulation device design method and system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.To gauge device and control device
Ingenious combination and application have been carried out, so as to dynamic regulation fire source heat release rate and cigarette rate has been produced, guarantees to obtain various Fire Conditions
Under Temperature Distribution, flue gas diffusion situations such as more meet reality, for fire prevention and treatment with evacuating personnel important theoretical foundation is provided.
More effects, are described in embodiment.
To enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to be clearer and more comprehensible, present pre-ferred embodiments are cited below particularly,
And cooperate appended attached drawing, it is described in detail below.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only some embodiments of the application, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of block diagram of fire disaster simulation device designing system provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of fire disaster simulation device designing system provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the operation principle schematic diagram of control device provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of tracer grain device provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of flow diagram of fire disaster simulation device design method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the flow diagram of another fire disaster simulation device design method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 10- fire disaster simulation device designing system；100- gauge device；200- control device；300- experimental bench dress
It sets；400- temperature-detecting device；500- tracer grain device.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description.Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is logical
The component for the embodiment of the present invention being often described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations.
Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit below claimed
The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should also be noted that similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined in a attached drawing, does not then need that it is further defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing.
With reference to the accompanying drawing, it elaborates to some embodiments of the present invention.In the absence of conflict, following
Feature in embodiment and embodiment can be combined with each other.
Up to now, in tunnel, when the harm that underground space region generation fire will cause is analyzed, it will usually into
The experiment of row combustion testing, the fire source that one may occur carry out lighting test, and detection fire and smoke spread situation, Temperature Distribution etc. are existing
As.The fire that heat release rate, smoke-producing amount and the heating curve of simulation fire source will occur with actual capabilities is consistent.
For pole incipient fire, heat release rate is the process gradually increased.The fire condition in small space can
To take full-scale experiment, the simulation of fire source is carried out using Actual combustion object, but for the big sky of the hypogees such as tunnel, subway
Between region, the cost for carrying out full-scale experiment is high, thus it is most of tested using small-scale model, in general experiment
Fire source is generated by lighting real material (oil sump, cloth etc.) or gas burning, but small-scale experiment is to consider Fu Laode
It is carried out under conditions of similarity criterion, the burn rate of its material is unable to control when lighting using real material, forefathers can only be passed through
Experimental result substantially knows heat release rate, can not accurately give heat release rate, and in the case where reducing than ruler, fire
The sprawling in source can also change, in Fu Laode similarity criterion, full-scale heat release rate QFWith scale model heat release rate QM
And real time TFWith scale model time TMIt is satisfied with following formula respectively:
Wherein LFFor practical qualitative size, LMFor the qualitative size of model；TFFor real time, TMFor the scale model time,
Since the process that the difference than ruler causes developing fire and temperature to rise is being unable to satisfy temporal variation using real material.
These, which have been resulted in, lights the development for being difficult to ensure and meeting the practical intensity of a fire using real material.
The method for using gas fire source can control the case where intensity of a fire size is to meet practical fire development, but existing
Patent research lacks dynamic and controls, it is difficult to which realization is precisely controlled heat release rate, causes resultant error larger.
When measuring flue-gas temperature, due to the high temperature of flame, fire source can be to ambient radiation heat release, during burning
The method that some patents all use conventional thermocouples thermometric substantially, can make thermojunction temperature be far below flame temperature,
Measurement error may be up to 200 DEG C or more, lead to the deviation even mistake of experimental result.The method that burning thermometric is normally applied pumping
It is sufficiently complex when can more accurately measure fire source temperature, but operate.
Since the burning of premixed combustion is more abundant, it is less to will lead to smoke-producing amount, at this time by the way that tracer grain is added, passes through
Laser light sheet visualizes smoke movement, and tracer grain is all to act on spreading by Air Entrainment in existing patent, it is difficult to
It realizes controllable and measurable, causes last picture imaging effect poor.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of fire simulation experimental apparatus, various natural fire scenes can be simulated, and can be adjusted by dynamic
Situations such as saving fire source heat release rate and smoke-producing amount, guaranteeing to obtain the Temperature Distribution under various Fire Conditions, flue gas diffusion more meets reality
Border provides important theoretical foundation for fire prevention and treatment and evacuating personnel.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the block diagram of fire disaster simulation device designing system 10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In embodiments of the present invention, the fire disaster simulation device designing system 10 includes gauge device 100, control device 200, experimental bench
Device 300, temperature-detecting device 400 and tracer grain device 500, the gauge device 100 are electrically connected with the control device 200
It connects, the control device 200 is electrically connected with the experimental bench device 300, and the experimental bench device 300 is filled with the temperature detection
400 electrical connections are set, the tracer grain device 500 is connected between the gauge device 100 and the control device 200.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the gauge device 100 is used to obtain burning of the incendiary material in different periods burning
Information, wherein combustion information includes release heat rate and flame temperature.
The combustion information that the gauge device 100 is used for according to incendiary material when different periods burn is arranged combustion gas and helps
The target flow information of combustion gas, and combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas are controlled according to the target flow information by the control device 200
It is exported in the experimental bench device 300.
It is the circuit block of fire disaster simulation device designing system 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention incorporated by reference to reference Fig. 2, Fig. 2
Figure.Wherein motor-driven valve 1, manual ball valve 2, spinner flowmeter 3, safety valve 4, thermocouple 5, rectangular homogenizing plate 6, deflector 7, computer
8, experimental bench device main body 9, experimental bench device left end opening 10, experimental bench device right-end openings 11, laser light sheet 12 and take the photograph
Shadow machine 13.
Optionally, the gauge device 100 is computer, inputs authentic material gained in combustion experiment in a computer
The information such as the combustion heat release amount rates of the different moments arrived, flame temperature, and according to each development in fire source combustion process
Stage sets gas flow and combustion air current amount, then opens the electronic of gas source and combustion-supporting gas by computer program
Valve conveys premixed gas to burner, lights simulation fire source automatically and carries out simulated experiment.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the control device 200 is used to obtain combustion gas that the experimental bench device 300 exports and helps
The actual flow information is simultaneously fed back to the gauge device 100 by the actual flow information of combustion gas.
The gauge device 100 judges whether the target flow information matches with the actual flow information, not
The actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information by timing.
Optionally, Fig. 3 is please referred to, Fig. 3 is that the working principle of control device 200 provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to.Control device 200 is to realize that the quick dynamic of heat release rate controls, and is controlled using pressure type, in combustion gas and is helped
Two main lines of combustion gas are respectively set electric control valve and carry out flow adjusting, each two return lines in parallel by every main line,
Wherein a reflux line installation safety valve installs electric adjustable at another return line to ensure the safety in experimentation
Valve is saved, a manual modulation valve in parallel at the electric control valve in return line is realized that automatic or manual adjusts regurgitant volume, led to
The adjusting to return line flow is crossed to finely tune the flow of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas, realization controls more accurately, and flow is passed
Sensor is mounted on main line detection flows to feed back and be used for flow control.
Optionally, control device 200 uses fuzzy controller combination Smith Prediction Control algorithm, constitutes lag compensation
Link had not only overcome the pid algorithm disadvantage not high for nonlinear system precision, but also has reduced Smith control algolithm for mould
The sensibility of type error.If the model of flow system is completely accurate, actual flow Y and model output YmDeviation Em
=Y-Ym=0, the deviation E of system2=E1=S-Xm, i.e., PID controller is to export X without the discharge model of delaymAs feedback
It is controlled, will be late by the external world that link has moved on to control loop, eliminate the influence of system lag.
Wherein, S is setting flow；Y is actual flow；U is the control voltage of flow controller output；L is valve opening；
E1, E2For deviation；Fs (L) is the flow graph network model of flow system；Gm (s), which is that the regulating valve not comprising delay component is electronic, to be held
Row mechanism model；e-τmsFor all delay component summations in flow system；XmIt is that the system model not comprising delay link is defeated
Out；YmIt is that the system model comprising delay link exports；EmIt is the deviation of model output and actual flow；ΔKp, Δ Ki, Δ KdIt is
The correction value of pid parameter.
The temperature-detecting device 400 is used to obtain using the different thermocouple of three diameters by thermocouple dynamic compensation method
Take the ignition temperature of the experimental bench device 300.
Due to flame and the high temperature of hot fume, can be put to the lower area radiation of ambient temperature during burning
Heat can make thermocouple node temperature well below flame temperature using conventional thermocouples thermometric, and the error of measurement can be very big.Using
Pumping can more accurately measure fire source temperature, but sufficiently complex when operation, and need very big air extractor.Therefore
Apparatus of the present invention carry out accurate thermometric to flame temperature using multiple spot radiation dynamic compensation method, guarantee the accuracy of experimental result.
In the embodiment of the present invention, thermocouple dynamic compensation method is the thermocouple different using three diameters, is made it have not
Same surface area, multiple spot radiate dynamic compensation method in thermometric, heat balance equation are as follows:
t1(Tg-T1)+arQ=e0arT1 4
t2(Tg-T2)+arQ=e0arT2 4
t3(Tg-T3)+arQ=e0arT3 4
Wherein e0For black body radiation constant；t1, t2, t3Convection transfer rate respectively between thermocouple and fire source；Q fire
Radiant heat flux of the source to thermocouple；arThermocouple blackness；T1, T2, T3, TgIt is the steady temperature survey of three hot joints of thermocouple respectively
Magnitude and fire source true temperature.
Since the amplitude of temperature change in fire source combustion process is larger, and the thermal inertia of thermocouple makes it in response fire source temperature
Degree has certain hysteresis quality, brings bigger error, therefore change online using the thermal condition that computer system acquires in real time
It calculates time constant f and dynamic compensation is carried out to the measured value of three thermocouples, eliminate error caused by fire source temperature fluctuation, stable state
The relational expression of temperature T are as follows:
T ' is thermocouple measurements；T is thermocouple from T0To the time used in T '；F is time constant.According to thermal balance side
Journey, then substitute into revised thermocouple measurements and can derive fire source true temperature:
Wherein:
Δt2=T1-T2,Δt3=T1-T3
D1, d2, d3 are the diameter of three thermal cross；N is the index of criteria equation.Simultaneously by multiple repetition experiment
It is compared with air extracting thermocouple measured value, result has preferable repeatability, and the fire source temperature and air extracting thermocouple measured
Measured value it is very close.
The gauge device 100 is also used to controlling combustion-supporting gas when the experimental bench device 300 exports, and shows described in control
500 output tracking particle of track particle device is to combustion-supporting gas, so that tracer grain and combustion-supporting gas are simultaneously in the experimental bench device 300
Mixing output.
Flammable premixed gas volumetric combustion device inputs combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas incessantly, further includes solid trace particle, makes fire smoke
Situation visualization is spread, is just mixed into tracer grain when combustion-supporting gas enters, is more met compared to being inhaled outside burner by Thermal plume volume
Practical fire source situation.
In parallel tracer grain enters system before the electric control valve of combustion-supporting gas main pipeline, the system by driving device with
Transmission coupling is connected, and pipeline internal helical blades is driven to push the conveying of tracer grain.Tracer grain by the addition above pipeline,
Revolving speed by controlling helical blade controls tracer grain inlet, and the discharge port of duct bottom is connected with combustion-supporting gas main line,
Accurately control tracer grain inlet.
Fig. 4 is please referred to, Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of tracer grain device 500 provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, motor 1, transmission coupling 2, pipeline 3, helical blade 4, article inlet 5, support 6, particle outlet 7.
In the embodiment of the present invention, it is good light-scattering body, granular size (5-20um) that tracer grain, which uses titanium dioxide,
Be suitble to observation imaging, it is stable in combustion will not react, and clean, it is nontoxic, corrosion-free, without abrasion.
In experiment by laser light sheet can clear view to spread condition of the tracer grain in experimental bench device 300 simultaneously
It is recorded with video camera.
Even flame in flammable premixed gas volumetric combustion device for guarantee burner surface is stablized it is necessary to guarantee burner surface
The uniformity of exit flow, therefore two panels deflector is set from the truncated rectangular pyramids cavity junction that pipeline enters burner in gas,
Level-one homogenizing plate is set between truncated rectangular pyramids cavity and cuboid cavity, promotes gas together in burner surface setting second level homogenizing plate
Uniformity is flowed, and the length of cuboid cavity should keep certain length that the premixed gas come out from pipeline is made sufficiently to develop and penetrate
Stream, the length of cavity is about 15 times of nozzle diameter.
In the present invention, the initial pressure that air-flow completes air-flow when passing through level-one homogenizing plate is adjusted, to realize said effect,
Uniform pore openings on the level-one homogenizing plate, percent opening are 20~30%, and aperture is 10mm~20mm.
The second level homogenizing plate percent opening is 10~20%, and open pore size is 6mm~12mm.
The spacing d1 of the level-one homogenizing plate and second level homogenizing plate is 200mm~300mm.
Wherein, n and d0 is respectively the percent opening and open pore size of the level-one homogenizing plate.The unit of d0 and d1 is mm.
The combustion gas gas is methane, and combustion-supporting gas gas is that compressed air, oxygen etc. all may be used.
Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is a kind of process signal of fire disaster simulation device design method provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.The fire disaster simulation device design method is applied to fire disaster simulation device designing system, can be by gauge device 100, control
Device 200, experimental bench device 300, temperature control equipment 200 execute jointly.Below to the tool of fire disaster simulation device design method
Body process is described in detail.
Step S110, gauge device 100 obtain combustion information of the incendiary material when different periods burn.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the combustion of incendiary material obtained different moments in combustion experiment is inputted in a computer
Burn the information such as release heat rate, flame temperature.
Step S120, gauge device 100 according to incendiary material different periods burn when combustion information setting combustion gas with
The target flow information of combustion-supporting gas, and combustion gas is controlled by control device 200 and is being tested with combustion-supporting gas according to target flow information
Platform device 300 exports.
It is the structural schematic diagram of fire simulator designing system 10 in the embodiment of the present invention incorporated by reference to reference Fig. 2, Fig. 2.
In the embodiment of the present invention, according to combustion information of the incendiary material of input when different periods burn, combustion gas is set
Flow is 5.58 × 10-5Kg/s and combustion air current amount 3.35 × 10-4kg/s.Then by computer program open gas source and
The electrically operated valve of combustion-supporting gas conveys premixed gas to burner, lights simulation fire source automatically and tested.
The fire spread of the cuboid tunnel of this example 600m*12m*8m a height of to actual size length and width in the event of fire
And flue gas diffusion etc. is studied, and determines that practical heat release rate is 5MW.Corresponding 300 length and width of small-scale experiment platform device
A height of 30m*0.6m*0.4m, control heat release rate are 2.8kW, a length of 0.2m of burner surface Quad Sides.
Step S130, control device 200 obtain the actual flow information of the combustion gas that experimental bench device 300 exports and combustion-supporting gas
And actual flow information is fed back into gauge device 100.
It include flow sensor on the control device 200 in the embodiment of the present invention, the control device 200 passes through institute
It states flow sensor and obtains the actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas that the experimental bench device 300 exports and by the reality
Flow information feeds back to the gauge device 100.
Step S140, gauge device 100 judge whether time flow information matches with target flow information.
In the embodiment of the present invention, gauge device 100 is according to the combustion gas and the reality of combustion-supporting gas for receiving the feedback of control device 200
Border flow information, judges whether the flow information matches with the target flow information prestored.
Step S150, when mismatching, combustion gas and the actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas are adjusted to by control device 200
The target flow information.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when actual flow information and the target flow information mismatch, control device 200 will
The actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information；In actual flow information and the target
When flow information matches, then without operation.
Optionally, the control device 200 uses fuzzy controller combination Smith Prediction Control algorithm, by combustion gas and
The actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information.
Optionally, the gauge device 100 automatically controls the control device 200 for the reality of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas
Flow information is adjusted to the target flow information.
Optionally, user manually controls the control device 200 by the manual modulation valve on the control device 200 and incites somebody to action
The actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information.
In the embodiment of the present invention, control system is to realize that the quick dynamic of heat release rate controls, using pressure type
Control is respectively set electric control valve in two main lines of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas and carries out flow adjusting, and every main line side is each simultaneously
Join two return lines, wherein a reflux line installation safety valve is to ensure the safety in experimentation, another reflux
Electric control valve is installed at pipeline, a manual modulation valve in parallel at the electric control valve in return line, realize it is automatic or
Regurgitant volume is manually adjusted, by finely tuning the flow of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas to the adjusting of return line flow, is realized more accurate
Ground control, and flow sensor is mounted on main line detection flows and is used for flow control to feed back.
Wherein control system uses fuzzy controller combination Smith Prediction Control algorithm, constitutes lag compensation link,
Not only the pid algorithm disadvantage not high for nonlinear system precision had been overcome, but also has reduced Smith control algolithm for model error
Sensibility.
Fig. 6 is please referred to, Fig. 6 is the process of another fire disaster simulation device design method provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram.
Step S160, temperature-detecting device 400 pass through thermocouple dynamic compensation method using the different thermocouple of three diameters
Obtain the ignition temperature of experimental bench device 300.
In the embodiment of the present invention, accurate thermometric is carried out to flame temperature using thermocouple dynamic compensation method, guarantees experiment knot
The accuracy of fruit.Thermometric is carried out using the different thermocouple of three diameters, collected temperature is real-time transmitted to computer, then benefit
The thermal condition variation acquired in real time with computer system carries out dynamic in measured value of the line computation time constant f to three thermocouples
Error caused by fire source temperature fluctuation is eliminated in compensation.
Test uses 3 groups of three thermocouples, and each working end diameter is respectively as follows: 1 group, d1=0.61mm, d2=0.89mm and d3
=1.15mm；2 groups, d1=0.98mm, d2=1.64mm, d3=2.23mm；3 groups, d1=0.96mm, d3=2.31mm and d3=
4.28mm.Every group of three thermocouple is tested under 3 steady working condition respectively, and each operating condition duplicate measurements 6 times or more, and
Same position is by small-sized air extracting thermocouple measurement temperature as verification.
As listed in table 1: symbolic significance in table: T, TdThe respectively smoke temperature of three thermocouple and air extracting thermocouple measurement；TwFor fire
Source ambient temperature；ETFor the relative standard deviation for being repeated 6 times measurement smoke temperature with three thermocouple under same operating；XTFor three thermocouple
With the relative deviation of air extracting thermocouple measurement smoke temperature.
When fire source temperature is measured under same operating using dynamic compensation method three thermocouple, 1 group, 2 groups, 3 groups of thermocouples
Maximum relative standard deviation be followed successively by 2.33%, 3.57% and 4.90%, it is preferable to illustrate that this method measurement fire source temperature has
Repeatability.Dynamic compensate after electric thermo-couple temperature measurement average value and air extracting thermocouple measured temperature relative deviation be less than ±
2.04%, illustrate after being compensated using dynamic with thermocouple measurement flame temperature accuracy with higher.
Step S170, gauge device are controlling combustion-supporting gas when experimental bench device exports, control tracer grain device output
Tracer grain is to combustion-supporting gas.
In the embodiment of the present invention, gauge device 100 is controlling combustion-supporting gas when experimental bench device 300 exports, and controls tracer
500 output tracking particle of particle device is to combustion-supporting gas, so that tracer grain and combustion-supporting gas are mixed in the experimental bench device 300 simultaneously
Close output.
In the embodiment of the present invention, parallel connection tracer grain enters system before the electric control valve of combustion-supporting gas main pipeline, is
Guarantee that the preferable imaging results of particle, the concentration of tracer grain will also be guaranteed, therefore the input control of tracer grain exists
0.018g/s, the duct length of setting tracer grain device 500 are 50cm, diameter 8cm.Tracer grain uses diameter for 10um
Titanium dioxide, be good light-scattering body, granular size be suitble to observation imaging, in combustion it is stable will not occur it is anti-
It answers, and cleans, is nontoxic, corrosion-free, without abrasion.It can clearly observe flue gas at experimental bench by laser light sheet in experiment
Spread condition in device 300 is simultaneously clearly recorded with video camera.
For the uniformity for guaranteeing burner surface exit flow, connect in gas from the truncated rectangular pyramids cavity that pipeline enters burner
Place's setting two panels deflector is connect, level-one homogenizing plate is set between truncated rectangular pyramids cavity and cuboid cavity, is arranged in burner surface
Second level homogenizing plate promotes airflow homogeneity together, and the length of cuboid cavity should keep certain length to make to come out from pipeline
Premixed gas sufficiently develop jet stream.
In the present invention, the initial pressure that air-flow completes air-flow when passing through level-one homogenizing plate is adjusted, to realize said effect,
Uniform pore openings on the level-one homogenizing plate, percent opening 25%, aperture 10mm.
The second level homogenizing plate percent opening is 15%, open pore size 6mm.
The spacing d1 of the level-one homogenizing plate and second level homogenizing plate takes 200mm, i.e. cuboid cavity length is 200mm.
The nozzle form of truncated rectangular pyramids and pipe interface is the square that side length is 25mm, therefore truncated rectangular pyramids height is 375mm.
Two panels deflector length takes 350mm, and the drift angle with normal perpendicular to the ground is respectively positive and negative 30 °.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiment of the present invention can provide as method, apparatus or computer program production
Product.Therefore, in terms of the embodiment of the present invention can be used complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or combine software and hardware
Embodiment form.Moreover, it wherein includes computer available programs generation that the embodiment of the present invention, which can be used in one or more,
The meter implemented in the computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) of code
The form of calculation machine program product.
The embodiment of the present invention be referring to according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention, equipment (system) and computer program product
Flowchart and/or the block diagram describe.It should be understood that can be realized by computer program instructions in flowchart and/or the block diagram
The combination of process and/or box in each flow and/or block and flowchart and/or the block diagram.It can provide these calculating
Processing of the machine program instruction to general purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices
Device is to generate a machine, so that being generated by the instruction that computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices execute
For realizing the function of being specified in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram
Device.
In conclusion a kind of fire disaster simulation device design method provided in an embodiment of the present invention and system.A kind of fire mould
Quasi- device design method, is applied to fire disaster simulation device designing system, and the fire disaster simulation device designing system includes definite value dress
It sets, control device, experimental bench device and temperature-detecting device, the gauge device are electrically connected with the control device, the control
Device processed is electrically connected with the experimental bench device, and the experimental bench device is electrically connected with the temperature-detecting device, the method
It include: that the gauge device obtains combustion information of the incendiary material in different periods burning, wherein combustion information includes release
Heat rate and flame temperature；Combustion gas is arranged according to combustion information of the incendiary material when different periods burn in the gauge device
With the target flow information of combustion-supporting gas, and combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas are controlled according to the target flow information by the control device
It is exported in the experimental bench device；The control device obtains the combustion gas of the experimental bench device output and the practical stream of combustion-supporting gas
The actual flow information is simultaneously fed back to the gauge device by amount information；The gauge device judges the actual flow information
Whether matched with the target flow information, when mismatching, the control device flows the reality of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas
Amount information is adjusted to the target flow information；The temperature-detecting device passes through thermoelectricity using three different thermocouples of diameter
Even dynamic compensation method obtains the ignition temperature of the experimental bench device.
The system also includes tracer grain device, the tracer grain device is connected to the gauge device and the control
Between device processed, the gauge device is also used to controlling combustion-supporting gas when the experimental bench device exports, and controls the tracer
Particle device output tracking particle to combustion-supporting gas so that tracer grain mixed simultaneously in the experimental bench device with combustion-supporting gas it is defeated
Out.Thus, it is possible to by setting simulation fire source heat release rate, by computer control to adjust combustion gas, combustion-supporting gas flow with
In real time, heat release rate is remotely controlled.
Optionally, control device uses fuzzy controller combination Smith Prediction Control algorithm, constitutes lag compensation ring
Section, not only overcome the fuzzy PID algorithm disadvantage not high for nonlinear system precision, but also reduce Smith control algolithm for
The sensibility of model error.
Optionally, temperature-detecting device can effectively eliminate fire source heat radiation and heat by thermocouple dynamic compensation method
Thermometric caused by the thermal inertia of galvanic couple itself is inaccurate, guarantees the accurate measurement of fire source combustion case.
Optionally, tracer grain is added by transmission device in combustion-supporting gas main line, compared to passing through hot plumage outside burner
Stream volume, which inhales tracer grain, quantitatively to be controlled, and more meets practical fire source situation.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fire disaster simulation device design method, which is characterized in that be applied to fire disaster simulation device designing system, the fire
Simulator designing system includes gauge device, control device, experimental bench device and temperature-detecting device, the gauge device with
The control device electrical connection, the control device are electrically connected with the experimental bench device, the experimental bench device and the temperature
Spend detection device electrical connection, which comprises
The gauge device obtains combustion information of the incendiary material when different periods burn, wherein combustion information includes release
Heat rate and flame temperature；
The target of combustion information setting combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas of the gauge device according to incendiary material when different periods burn
Flow information, and combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas are controlled by the control device and filled according to the target flow information in the experimental bench
Set output；
The control device obtains the combustion gas of experimental bench device output and the actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas and by the reality
Border flow information feeds back to the gauge device；
The gauge device judges whether the actual flow information matches with the target flow information, when mismatching, institute
It states control device and the actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information.
2. fire disaster simulation device design method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control device by combustion gas with
The step of actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information include:
The control device, will be described in combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas using fuzzy PI D controller combination Smi th Prediction Control algorithm
Actual flow information is adjusted to the target flow information.
3. fire disaster simulation device design method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the control device by combustion gas with
The step of actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information include:
The gauge device automatically controls the control device and the actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to institute
State target flow information.
4. fire disaster simulation device design method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the control device by combustion gas with
The step of actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information further include:
User manually controls the control device for the institute of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas by the manual modulation valve on the control device
It states actual flow information and is adjusted to the target flow information.
5. fire disaster simulation device design method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control device by combustion gas with
The actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to after the target flow information, the method also includes:
The temperature-detecting device obtains the experiment by thermocouple dynamic compensation method using the different thermocouple of three diameters
The ignition temperature of platform device.
6. fire disaster simulation device design method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the control device obtains
The actual flow information is simultaneously fed back to the definite value by the combustion gas of experimental bench device output and the actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas
The step of device includes:
It include flow sensor on the control device, the control device obtains the experimental bench by the flow sensor
The actual flow information is simultaneously fed back to the gauge device by the combustion gas of device output and the actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas.
7. a kind of fire disaster simulation device designing system, which is characterized in that the fire disaster simulation device designing system includes definite value dress
It sets, control device, experimental bench device and temperature-detecting device, the gauge device are electrically connected with the control device, the control
Device processed is electrically connected with the experimental bench device, and the experimental bench device is electrically connected with the temperature-detecting device, the system
Include:
The gauge device is used to obtain combustion information of the incendiary material in different periods burning, wherein combustion information includes
Discharge heat rate and flame temperature；
The gauge device is used for combustion information setting combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas according to incendiary material when different periods burn
Target flow information, and combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas are controlled according to the target flow information in the experiment by the control device
The output of platform device；
The control device is used to obtain the combustion gas of experimental bench device output and the actual flow information of combustion-supporting gas and by institute
It states actual flow information and feeds back to the gauge device；
The gauge device judges whether the target flow information matches with the actual flow information, will when mismatching
The actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information.
8. fire disaster simulation device designing system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the control device passes through following
The actual flow information of combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is adjusted to the target flow information:
The control device, will be described in combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas using fuzzy PI D controller combination Smi th Prediction Control algorithm
Actual flow information is adjusted to the target flow information.
9. fire disaster simulation device designing system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
The temperature-detecting device is used to pass through described in the acquisition of thermocouple dynamic compensation method using the different thermocouple of three diameters
The ignition temperature of experimental bench device.
10. fire disaster simulation device designing system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the system also includes tracers
Particle device, the tracer grain device are connected between the gauge device and the control device,
The gauge device is also used to controlling combustion-supporting gas when the experimental bench device exports, and controls the tracer grain device
Output tracking particle is to combustion-supporting gas, so that tracer grain mixes output in the experimental bench device simultaneously with combustion-supporting gas.
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