CN109738468B - Universal probe clamping device for positioning sample in neutron diffraction measurement - Google Patents

Universal probe clamping device for positioning sample in neutron diffraction measurement Download PDF

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CN109738468B
CN109738468B CN201910007775.4A CN201910007775A CN109738468B CN 109738468 B CN109738468 B CN 109738468B CN 201910007775 A CN201910007775 A CN 201910007775A CN 109738468 B CN109738468 B CN 109738468B
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base
clamping
lifting
probe
neutron diffraction
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CN109738468A (en
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李群明
邓华
韩志强
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Central South University
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Central South University
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Abstract

The invention provides a universal probe clamping device for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurement, which comprises a clamping mechanism and a lifting mechanism, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a top plate, a lifting table and a base which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a supporting guide rail for connecting the top plate and the base, and a lifting rod which is in linkage with the lifting table through threaded fit, and the lifting table can be driven to move up and down along the supporting guide rail by rotating the lifting rod; the clamping mechanism comprises two clamping components positioned on the base and the lifting platform, each clamping component comprises a fastener and a guide sleeve, opposite ends of the two fasteners are arranged into a hollow conical structure and are uniformly divided into a plurality of fan-shaped pressing sheets along the circumferential direction, and the guide sleeves are sleeved on the fasteners and fix the probes by forcing the pressing sheets to be inwards close; still including the backup through-hole and the V type groove of symmetry setting on elevating platform and base, its axis is located same vertical face with the fastener axis. The invention can realize high-precision clamping of probes with any diameter in a certain range, is convenient to use and expands the application range.

Description

Universal probe clamping device for positioning sample in neutron diffraction measurement
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of neutron diffraction residual stress detection, in particular to a probe clamping device which is applied to sample positioning when the residual stress of materials and components is measured by utilizing neutron diffraction and is suitable for clamping and fixing probes with any diameter in a certain range.
Background
The residual stress is an important factor influencing the performance of the material, the construction fatigue strength, the structural rigidity, the stress corrosion resistance and the like, so that the research on the working state and the service life of the engineering component material in a complex application environment has important practical significance and important application value in quantitative measurement of the numerical distribution of the residual stress.
Currently, methods capable of detecting the magnitude of residual stress inside a member are mainly classified into a destructive test method and a nondestructive test method, and among them, a neutron diffraction method is a representative method of the nondestructive test methods and is the most effective nondestructive test method for detecting residual stress so far. The neutron diffraction spectrometer is a device for measuring residual stress by applying a neutron diffraction principle, and a neutron beam sweeping positioning method is mostly adopted in a positioning method used internationally at present: for a regular tested sample with known outline size, a neutron beam edge sweeping positioning method comprises the steps of firstly accurately mounting the sample on a sample table, calibrating an initial position, adjusting the sample to a proper angle and position during measurement, controlling the movement of the sample to enable the sample to start measurement from a surface boundary outline to obtain diffracted neutron beam intensity, gradually translating to enable a sampling volume to enter the sample, recording the diffracted emergent intensity of a neutron beam each time until the sampling volume is gradually removed from the outer boundary, and generating a neutron beam peak intensity distribution spectrum called an 'entry curve' in the 'moving-in-out' measurement process between two boundaries of the thickness of the sample. The jump position interval on both sides of the curve is the thickness of the sample, and the position corresponding to half of the height of the curve is the position of the sample boundary moving to the diffraction point. And then, calculating and determining the position and the posture of the geometric center of the sample in the measuring space according to the previously known outline geometric information and the installation position of the sample.
The edge scanning positioning method requires that a measured sample has a regular and known contour shape or a specific surface shape, a correct 'entry curve' can be obtained only by scanning the surface for multiple times, and the required positioning time is long and the precision is low. However, in the actual measurement process, the shape of the sample is indefinite and varies, and when the scanned surface has texture, large grains or high absorption material, the incident curve is also deformed, and accurate positioning cannot be achieved.
In order to overcome the defects, a sample positioning method based on a standard probe is particularly provided, and the core of the method is to determine the central pose of a sampling volume through a slender probe, then measure and calibrate the central pose based on the central pose, position a measuring point in a sample by determining the relative position relation of coordinate systems, and finally complete the measurement of residual stress in the sample.
Because the probes with different diameters and materials are needed to be used in different experimental environments, the probes are replaced more frequently. The probe clamping device that adopts at present generally formula clamping as an organic whole and the aperture size of clamping part can not be adjusted, and in limited operating space, not only the probe is changed comparatively trouble, moreover because probe self has very big major axis and adopts the fixed and unsettled mode of setting of other end of one end, very easily takes place to warp and rupture phenomenon. The above conditions will seriously affect the experiment progress, waste valuable neutron beam time, and cause huge economic loss in the past. Meanwhile, in the sample positioning method based on the probe, the installation accuracy and the verticality of the probe must be ensured all the time, which puts higher requirements on the structural design of the probe clamping device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a probe clamping device which is convenient to clamp and high in mounting precision and is suitable for probes with any diameters, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a universal probe clamping device for positioning a sample in neutron diffraction measurement, which comprises a clamping mechanism for fixing a probe and a lifting mechanism for realizing the tightening and straightening of the probe;
the clamping mechanism comprises two clamping components which are opposite up and down, the distance between the two clamping components in the vertical direction is adjustable through the lifting mechanism, the clamping components comprise fasteners and guide sleeves, opposite ends of the two fasteners are arranged to be of conical structures, the inner parts of the two fasteners are hollow and used for inserting end parts of probes, the opposite ends of the fasteners are divided into a plurality of fan-shaped pressing sheets with the same shape and size along the circumferential direction, the guide sleeves are sleeved on opposite ends of the fasteners, inner cavities of the guide sleeves are arranged to be of conical structures matched with the fasteners, radial extrusion is generated on the pressing sheets of the fasteners through the guide sleeves, all the pressing sheets are forced to be close to the middle at the same time, and therefore clamping and fixing of the.
Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a top plate, a lifting platform and a base which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and a supporting guide rail and a lifting rod which are vertically arranged on the base, the lower end of the supporting connecting guide rail is fixedly connected with the base, the upper end of the supporting connecting guide rail penetrates through the lifting platform and is fixedly connected with the top plate, the lower end of the lifting rod is rotatably connected with the base or in clearance fit, the upper end of the lifting rod penetrates through the lifting platform and the top plate, the lifting rod and the lifting platform are in linkage arrangement through thread fit, and force is transmitted to the lifting platform along threads by rotating the lifting rod so as to drive the lifting platform to move up and down along the supporting guide rail; the two clamping components are respectively arranged on the lifting platform and the base.
Preferably, in order to ensure that the lifting platform has good limiting capacity and positioning accuracy at any height, the transmission part between the lifting rod and the lifting platform is in threaded fit with a thread lead angle smaller than a thread pair equivalent friction angle, so that the lifting rod and the lifting platform have good self-locking effect.
Preferably, still include reserve through-hole, reserve through-hole symmetry sets up on elevating platform and the base and be used for realizing the permanent centre gripping location to the probe both ends.
Preferably, the spare through holes are in multiple groups and have different diameters, and the central axis of each group of spare through holes and the central axis of the fastener are located on the same vertical plane.
Preferably, still include a set of V type groove that is used for realizing the centre gripping location of arbitrary diameter probe, V type groove symmetry sets up on elevating platform and the base, just the axis in V type groove is located same vertical plane with the axis of reserve through-hole, the axis of fastener.
For the probe clamped by the spare through hole or the V-shaped groove, the two ends of the probe can be wound on the fixing bolt and fixed by the fixing bolt in a rotating and pressing mode, or the probe can be fixed by clamping by inserting the bolt into the spare through hole or the V-shaped groove, so that the position fixation and tensioning and straightening of the probe are realized.
Preferably, the clamping assembly further comprises a base, the base is fixedly arranged on the lifting platform and the base through fixing bolts, a clamping groove used for inserting and fixing the fastener is formed in the base, and the fastener is in clearance fit with the clamping groove.
Preferably, the clamping assembly further comprises a fastening bolt for preventing the base from rotating circumferentially, the fastening bolt is horizontally arranged on the lifting table and the base and used for fastening and fixing the base in a pressing mode from the side face.
Preferably, the two clamping bolts are located on the same side of the base.
Preferably, a handle for facilitating the application of force is provided at the upper end of the lifting rod.
Preferably, matching threads are arranged on the inner side wall of the guide sleeve and the outer side wall of the fastener or the base, and the guide sleeve is rotated to be close to or far away from the fastener, so that the pressing sheet is loosened and pressed.
In order to ensure the reliability, the wear resistance, the bending resistance and the corrosion resistance of the device, stainless steel or high-performance aluminum alloy with good performances in the aspects of strength, wear resistance, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance is selected as the material of each part of the invention.
The technical scheme provided by the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention has good practicability, the probe is tightened and straightened by arranging the freely movable lifting platform, the length of the clamped probe can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation, the probe is quickly replaced by arranging the fastener with the fan-shaped pressing sheet and utilizing the guide sleeve screwed in by the screw thread, the operation is flexible, the central shaft of the clamped probe and the central shaft of the clamping assembly can be completely coincided by utilizing the centering and clamping of the fan-shaped pressing sheet, the eccentric phenomenon of the probe is avoided, and the installation precision of the probe is further ensured.
2. The probe clamping device realizes clamping and fixing of the probe which does not need to be replaced for a long time by arranging a plurality of groups of spare through holes, simplifies the experimental process, has accurate positioning, can specifically design the number of the groups of spare through holes and the diameter of each group of spare through holes according to actual needs, and has good applicability.
3. The application range of the probe clamping device is further expanded by arranging the V-shaped groove, the use limit of the device on the diameter of the probe is completely eliminated, a large enough operation space is provided, the action is fast and flexible when the probe is replaced, and the probe is prevented from being damaged due to collision; because the V-shaped groove has good limiting and centering capacity to the probe with the cylindrical shape, the installation precision of the probe can be ensured.
4. The invention ensures the installation precision of the probe, shortens the experimental period, greatly reduces the time consumed by the sample positioning experimental scheme, is beneficial to the accurate positioning of the tested sample, saves the precious neutron beam time, improves the efficiency of positioning measurement and saves the cost loss.
5. According to the invention, the upper and lower fastening bolts are arranged on the same side of the base, so that the upper and lower ends of the probe are simultaneously subjected to the acting force from the same direction, the perpendicularity of the probe relative to the base is ensured to be always kept, and the positioning precision of the sample is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced, and it is apparent that the following drawings are only used to help understanding some embodiments of the present invention and not all of the technical solutions, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view from the front of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the encircled portion of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the operation of the probe holding apparatus in example 1 when used in a sample positioning experiment;
wherein: the device comprises a probe 01, a sample stage 02, an incident slit 03, a neutron detector 04, an incident neutron beam 05, a diffracted neutron beam 06, a 021 load supporting plate, a 022X-axis driving servo motor, a 023Y-axis driving servo motor, a 024Z-axis first-stage lifting cylinder, a 025Z-axis second-stage lifting cylinder and a 026Z-axis rotating mechanism; the device comprises a top plate 1, a lifting table 2, a base 3, a bolt connecting hole 31, a supporting guide rail 4, a lifting rod 5, a handle 6, a clamping assembly 7, a base 71, a fastener 72, a guide sleeve 73, a fastening bolt 74, a fixing bolt 75, a spare through hole 8 and a V-shaped groove 9.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a general probe clamping device for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurement includes a clamping mechanism for fixing a probe 01 and a lifting mechanism for realizing the tightening and straightening of the probe 01.
The lifting mechanism comprises a top plate 1, a lifting platform 2, a base 3, a supporting guide rail 4, a lifting rod 5 and a handle 6. Roof 1, elevating platform 2 and base 3 set gradually from last to down be equipped with the bolted connection hole 31 that is used for realizing its and sample platform to link firmly on the base 3, support guide rail 4 is vertical pass elevating platform 2 and upper and lower both ends respectively with roof 1 and base 3 link firmly, the same vertical setting of lifter 5 just is located between two support guide rails 4 be equipped with the recess that is used for holding 5 lower extreme tip of lifter on the base 3, the upper portion of lifter 5 is passed elevating platform 2 and roof 1 and is set up handle 6 in the upper end of lifter 5.
The supporting guide rail 4 and the lifting platform 2, the lifting rod 5 and the groove of the base 3, and the lifting rod 5 and the top plate 1 are in clearance fit, and the lifting rod 5 and the lifting platform 2 are in linkage arrangement through threaded fit; force is transmitted to the lifting platform along the threads by rotating the lifting rod, so that the lifting platform is driven to move up and down along the supporting guide rail.
In this embodiment, the transmission part between the lifting rod 5 and the lifting platform 2 is a screw fit with a lead angle smaller than the equivalent friction angle of the screw pair, so that the two parts have a good self-locking effect, and the positioning accuracy of the lifting platform 2 is ensured.
The clamping mechanism comprises two clamping components 7 which are coaxially opposite up and down and are respectively arranged on the lifting platform 2 and the base 3, the clamping assembly 7 comprises a base 71, a fastener 72 and a guide sleeve 73, the base 71 is fixedly connected with the lifting platform 2 and the base 3 through a fixing bolt 75 which is vertically arranged, a clamping groove for inserting and fixing the fastening piece 72 is arranged on the base 71, the fastening piece 72 is in clearance fit with the clamping groove, the opposite ends of the two fastening pieces 72 are arranged into a conical structure and are hollow inside for inserting the end part of the probe 01, the opposite end of the fastener 72 is divided into a plurality of equal fan-shaped pressing sheets along the circumferential direction, the guide sleeve 73 is sleeved on the opposite end of the fastener 72, the interior of the guide sleeve 73 is provided with a conical cavity matched with the shape of the fastener 72, and the inner side wall of the guide sleeve 73 and the outer side wall of the base 71 are provided with matched threads; the guide sleeve is rotated to enable the guide sleeve to be close to or far away from the fastener, so that the pressing sheet is loosened and pressed, the pressing sheet is radially extruded and forced to be close to the middle, and the middle inserted probe is clamped and fixed.
Because the fastener 72 and the base 71 are connected in an extremely easy-to-dismount connection mode, in the actual use process, fasteners with different opening diameter ranges can be replaced according to the diameter of a used probe.
The clamping assembly 7 further comprises a tightening bolt 74, wherein the tightening bolt 74 is horizontally inserted into the lifting table 2 and the base 3 and presses and fixes the base 71 from the side, so that the circumferential rotation of the base is prevented.
In this embodiment, two fastening bolts 74 are located on the same side of the base 71 to ensure perpendicularity of the probe.
The device also comprises two groups of spare through holes 8 with different diameters and a group of V-shaped grooves 9. The equal symmetry of every group's reserve through-hole sets up on elevating platform 2 and base 3 and is used for realizing the permanent centre gripping location to the probe both ends, V type groove 9 symmetry sets up on elevating platform 2 and base 3 and is used for realizing the centre gripping location to arbitrary diameter probe, the axis of V type groove 9 and the axis of each group's reserve through-hole 8, the axis of fastener 72 are located same vertical face. When the two ends of the probe are fixed, a proper fixing mode can be selected according to the diameter and the material of the probe.
Referring to fig. 5, experimental conditions for neutron diffraction measurement include a sample stage 02 of a neutron diffraction spectrometer, an entrance slit 03, a neutron detector 04, a neutron beam baffle, a shielding drum, and a total station measurement system (not all shown in the figure). The measurement method is a probe-based sample positioning method.
The procedure for neutron diffraction measurement is as follows:
1. the probe clamping device is assembled, the middle point of the probe is set as a mark point, the whole probe clamping device is fixed on a load supporting plate 021 of a sample table 02 through the matching of an inner hexagon bolt and a bolt connecting hole 31, a sample to be subjected to residual stress measurement is also fixed on the load supporting plate 021, and the relative position of any point on the sample and the mark point is a fixed value at the moment;
2. an incident neutron beam 05 is emitted through the incident slit 03, and a diffracted neutron beam 06 is received through the neutron detector 04;
3. driving the load supporting plate 021 to move in the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis or rotate around the Z axis by an X axis driving servo motor 022, a Y axis driving servo motor 023, two Z axis lifting cylinders and a Z axis rotating mechanism 26, determining the central pose of the sampling volume by using a neutron beam sweeping method by taking the mark point as a diffraction measurement reference point, and moving the mark point on the probe to the intersection point position of the incident neutron beam 05 and the diffraction neutron beam 06, namely a diffraction point;
4. calibrating a coordinate system of a sample table and the like by using a total station measuring system, and calculating the relative pose of a point (namely a point to be measured) on which residual stress measurement is to be carried out and a probe midpoint (namely a mark point) in the coordinate system of the sample table;
5. driving the sample table 02 to move, wherein the motion amount is the calculated relative pose, and moving the point to be measured on the sample to a diffraction point to measure the residual stress;
6. the wavelength change of the diffracted neutron beam 06 is analyzed by the neutron detector 04, and the residual stress of the point to be measured on the sample is calculated by the Bragg principle.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any improvement or equivalent replacement directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields within the spirit and principle of the invention and the contents of the specification and the drawings of the invention shall be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A universal probe clamping device for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurement is characterized by comprising a clamping mechanism for fixing a probe (01) and a lifting mechanism for realizing the tightening and straightening of the probe (01);
the clamping mechanism comprises two clamping components (7) which are opposite up and down, the distance of the two clamping components in the vertical direction is adjustable through the lifting mechanism, the clamping components (7) comprise fastening pieces (72) and guide sleeves (73), opposite ends of the two fastening pieces (72) are arranged to be in a tapered structure, the inner part of the tapered structure is hollow and used for inserting the end part of a probe (01), the opposite ends of the fastening pieces (72) are circumferentially divided into a plurality of fan-shaped pressing pieces with the same shape and size, the guide sleeves (73) are sleeved on opposite ends of the fastening pieces (72), the inner cavity of the guide sleeves (73) is arranged to be in a tapered structure matched with the fastening pieces (72), radial extrusion is generated on the pressing pieces of the fastening pieces through the guide sleeves, all the pressing pieces are forced to be close to the middle at the same time, and.
2. The universal probe holder for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurements of claim 1, it is characterized in that the lifting mechanism comprises a top plate (1), a lifting platform (2) and a base (3) which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, and a supporting guide rail (4) and a lifting rod (5) which are vertically arranged on the base (3), the lower end of the support connecting guide rail (4) is fixedly connected with the base (3), the upper end of the support connecting guide rail penetrates through the lifting platform (2) and is fixedly connected with the top plate (1), the lower end of the lifting rod (5) is rotatably connected or in clearance fit with the base (3) while the upper end passes through the lifting platform (2) and the top plate (1), the lifting rod (5) and the lifting platform (2) are in linkage through thread matching, force is transmitted to the lifting platform along the thread by rotating the lifting rod so as to drive the lifting platform to move up and down along the supporting guide rail; the two clamping components are respectively arranged on the lifting platform (2) and the base (3).
3. The universal probe clamping device for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurement according to claim 2, further comprising spare through holes (8) symmetrically arranged on the lifting table (2) and the base (3) and used for realizing long-term clamping and positioning of two ends of the probe (01).
4. The universal probe clamping device for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurement according to claim 3, wherein the number of the spare through holes (8) is multiple groups and different diameters are provided, and the central axis of each group of spare through holes and the central axis of the fastener (72) are located on the same vertical plane.
5. The universal probe clamping device for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurement according to claim 3, further comprising a set of V-shaped grooves (9) for clamping and positioning (01) of probes with any diameter, wherein the V-shaped grooves (9) are symmetrically arranged on the lifting table (2) and the base (3), and the central axis of the V-shaped groove (9), the central axis of the spare through hole (8) and the central axis of the fastener (72) are located on the same vertical plane.
6. The universal probe clamping device for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurement according to claim 5, wherein the clamping assembly (7) further comprises a base (71), the base (71) is fixedly arranged on the lifting table (2) and the base (3) through a fixing bolt (75), a clamping groove for inserting and fixing the fastener (72) is formed in the base (71), and the fastener (72) is in clearance fit with the clamping groove.
7. The universal probe clamping device for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurement according to claim 6, characterized in that the clamping assembly (7) further comprises a fastening bolt (74) for preventing circumferential rotation of the base (71), wherein the fastening bolt (74) is horizontally arranged on the lifting table (2) and the base (3) and is used for fastening the base in a pressing manner from the side.
8. The universal probe holder for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurements according to claim 7, characterized in that two fastening bolts (74) are located on the same side of the base (71).
9. The general probe clamping device for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurement according to any claim 2-8, wherein a handle (6) for facilitating force application is arranged at the upper end of the lifting rod (5).
10. The universal probe holder for sample positioning in neutron diffraction measurement as claimed in claim 9, wherein matching screw threads are provided on the inner side wall of the guide sleeve (73) and the outer side wall of the fastener (72) or the base (71), and the guide sleeve is rotated to approach or separate from the fastener so as to release or press the pressing sheet.
CN201910007775.4A 2019-01-04 2019-01-04 Universal probe clamping device for positioning sample in neutron diffraction measurement Active CN109738468B (en)

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CN112858735B (en) * 2021-01-14 2022-08-16 强一半导体(苏州)有限公司 Probe loading object stage for measuring key size of multi-section MEMS probe

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CN105252292A (en) * 2015-11-11 2016-01-20 中国南方航空工业(集团)有限公司 Fixture for numerical control milling machining of blade profiles
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