CN109737160B - Modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of friction materials. The paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of modified phenolic resin, 15-35 parts of potassium titanate whisker, 10-25 parts of aramid pulp, 10-25 parts of vermiculite, 5-15 parts of potassium feldspar and 5-10 parts of crystalline flake graphite. The friction material has excellent mechanical property, hardness and stable wear resistance through the combined action of the binder, the reinforcing material and the friction regulator. The data of the embodiment shows that the bending strength of the friction material provided by the invention is more than or equal to 95MPa, and the compressive strength (5% deformation) is more than or equal to 160 MPa; the compression modulus is more than or equal to 6 GPa; shore hardness is more than or equal to 85; the friction coefficient is 0.35-0.5, and the mass wear rate is (2.45-9.98) × 10‑7mm3/Nm。
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction materials, in particular to a modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The resin-based friction material is commonly used as a brake pad friction material due to the characteristics of small specific gravity, small dual abrasion, low braking noise, simple production process, low price and the like. However, with the high speed and heavy load of industrial development, the performance requirements for resin-based brake pads are increasing. The performance of the traditional resin-based brake pad is improved mainly by adding different functional fillers, but the traditional resin-based brake pad has the problems of serious abrasion, large friction coefficient fluctuation and the like and is difficult to meet the requirements of industrial development. Therefore, how to improve the friction stability and wear resistance of the resin-based brake pad has become a hot spot of current research.
Most of currently researched resin-based brake pads are modified phenolic resins, and the brake pads have the characteristics of good heat resistance, high mechanical strength, strong corrosion resistance, good wettability to fillers and the like. Although certain progress is made by adding various functional fillers into the modified phenolic resin to improve the wear resistance of the friction material, the mechanical property of the friction material needs to be further improved, the application of the friction material is still greatly limited by the problem of a contact interface, and the friction coefficient and the stick-slip state are unstable, so that the service life of the brake pad is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a modified phenolic resin based brake pad friction material and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of modified phenolic resin, 15-35 parts of potassium titanate whisker, 10-25 parts of aramid pulp, 10-25 parts of vermiculite, 5-15 parts of potassium feldspar and 5-10 parts of crystalline flake graphite.
Preferably, the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of modified phenolic resin, 25-30 parts of potassium titanate whisker, 15-20 parts of aramid pulp, 15-20 parts of vermiculite, 10-15 parts of potassium feldspar and 5-10 parts of crystalline flake graphite.
Preferably, the surface texture of the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material is a pit, the diameter of the pit is 200-500 μm, and the depth of the pit is 50-200 μm; the area density of the pits is 3-12%.
Preferably, the particle size of the modified phenolic resin is 80-200 meshes; the particle size of the crystalline flake graphite is 325 meshes.
Preferably, the particle size of the aramid pulp is 800-1350 mu m, and the specific surface area is 8-13 m2/g。
Preferably, the potassium titanate whisker has a diameter of 1 to 5 μm and an average length of 10 to 60 μm.
Preferably, the particle size of the vermiculite is 60 meshes; the particle size of the potassium feldspar is 120 meshes.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing modified phenolic resin, crystalline flake graphite, aramid pulp, potassium titanate whisker, vermiculite and potassium feldspar in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a mixed material;
(2) and evaporating the ethanol in the mixed material to dryness, and then sequentially carrying out hot press molding and polishing to obtain the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of constructing pits on the surface of the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material.
Preferably, the pressure of the hot-press molding is 20-40 MPa, the temperature is 150-200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 150-180 min.
The invention provides a modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of modified phenolic resin, 15-35 parts of potassium titanate whisker, 10-25 parts of aramid pulp, 10-25 parts of vermiculite, 5-15 parts of potassium feldspar and 5-10 parts of crystalline flake graphite. The modified phenolic resin is used as a binder, and the potassium titanate whisker, the aramid fiber pulp, the vermiculite and the potassium feldspar are used as reinforcing materials, so that the wear resistance of the friction material of the brake pad is improved; the scale graphite is used as a friction regulator of the brake pad, and the friction coefficient of the friction material of the brake pad can be stabilized through the combined action of the scale graphite and the reinforcing material, so that the service life is prolonged. Meanwhile, the brake pad friction material has excellent mechanical property, hardness and wear resistance under the combined action of the binder, the reinforcing material and the friction regulator. The data of the embodiment shows that the bending strength of the friction material of the brake pad is more than or equal to 95MPa, and the compressive strength (5% deformation) is more than or equal to 160 MPa; the compression modulus is more than or equal to 6 GPa; shore hardness is more than or equal to 85; the friction coefficient is 0.35-0.5, and the mass wear rate is (2.45-9.98) × 10-7mm3/Nm。
Furthermore, the pits are formed in the surface of the friction material of the brake pad, so that abrasive dust can be stored, and the improvement of the wear resistance is facilitated.
The preparation method of the brake pad friction material provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional surface topography of a brake pad friction material obtained in example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of modified phenolic resin, 15-35 parts of potassium titanate whisker, 10-25 parts of aramid pulp, 10-25 parts of vermiculite, 5-15 parts of potassium feldspar and 5-10 parts of crystalline flake graphite.
The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material provided by the invention comprises 20-40 parts by weight of modified phenolic resin, preferably 25-35 parts by weight, and further preferably 30 parts by weight. In the invention, the particle size of the modified phenolic resin is preferably 80-200 meshes. The source of the modified resin in the present invention is not particularly limited, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the invention, the modified phenolic resin is used as the binder of the friction material of the brake pad, and other materials can be well mixed and bonded together to form the composite material.
The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material provided by the invention comprises 15-35 parts by weight of potassium titanate whiskers, preferably 25-30 parts by weight. In the invention, the diameter of the potassium titanate whisker is preferably 1-5 μm, and the average length is preferably 10-60 μm.
The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material provided by the invention comprises 10-25 parts by weight of aramid pulp, preferably 15-20 parts by weight of aramid pulp. In the invention, the particle size of the aramid pulp is preferably 800-1350 mu m, and the specific surface area is preferably 8-13 m2/g。
The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material provided by the invention comprises 10-25 parts by weight of vermiculite, preferably 15-20 parts by weight of vermiculite. In the present invention, the particle size of the vermiculite is preferably 60 mesh.
The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material provided by the invention comprises 5-15 parts by weight of potassium feldspar, and preferably 10 parts by weight of potassium feldspar. In the present invention, the particle size of the potassium feldspar is preferably 120 meshes.
The invention takes potassium titanate whisker, aramid pulp, vermiculite and potassium feldspar as reinforcing materials, and can improve the wear resistance of the friction material of the brake pad.
The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material provided by the invention comprises 5-10 parts by weight of crystalline flake graphite. In the present invention, the particle size of the flake graphite is preferably 325 mesh. According to the invention, the flake graphite can stabilize the friction coefficient of the brake pad friction material and prolong the service life of the friction material.
The hardness of the friction material is improved by adding the reinforcing filler (potassium titanate whisker, aramid pulp, vermiculite and potassium feldspar); the reinforcing filler is uniformly dispersed in the matrix, so that the bearing capacity of the friction material can be improved, and the mechanical property can be improved. However, the content of the reinforcing filler is too high, so that the reinforcing filler is not easy to disperse and easy to agglomerate, and the mechanical property of the friction material is reduced to a certain extent. The friction material has excellent mechanical property and tribological property under the combined action of the binder, the reinforcing material and the friction regulator.
In the invention, the surface texture of the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material is a pit; the diameter of the pit is preferably 200-500 μm, and the depth is preferably 50-200 μm; the area density of the pits is preferably 3-12%; the area density of the pits is the percentage of the area of the pits in the total area of the processing surface. According to the invention, the pits are constructed on the surface of the friction material of the brake pad, so that on one hand, the pits can be used for storing abrasive dust, the abrasion of abrasive particles is reduced, and the wear resistance of the friction material of the brake pad is improved; on the other hand, the mechanical resistance of the pit boundary and the dual-surface microprotrusions is strong, and the friction coefficient of the friction material of the brake pad can be increased.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing modified phenolic resin, crystalline flake graphite, aramid pulp, potassium titanate whisker, vermiculite and potassium feldspar in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a mixed material;
(2) and evaporating the ethanol in the mixed material to dryness, and then sequentially carrying out hot press molding and polishing to obtain the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material.
The invention adopts a wet mixing method, and modified phenolic resin, crystalline flake graphite, aramid pulp, potassium titanate whisker, vermiculite and potassium feldspar are mixed in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a mixed material. The invention has no special limitation on the using amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol, as long as the modified phenolic resin, the crystalline flake graphite, the aramid pulp, the potassium titanate whisker, the vermiculite and the potassium feldspar can be fully mixed. The present invention is not particularly limited in the manner of mixing, and the raw materials may be sufficiently mixed.
After the mixed material is obtained, the ethanol in the mixed material is evaporated to dryness and then is subjected to hot press molding and grinding in sequence to obtain the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material.
In the invention, the temperature for evaporating the ethanol to dryness is preferably 80-100 ℃; the time for evaporating the ethanol to dryness is not particularly limited, and the ethanol can be completely evaporated.
In the invention, the pressure of the hot-press forming is preferably 20-40 MPa, more preferably 25-35 MPa, and even more preferably 30 MPa; the hot-press forming temperature is preferably 150-200 ℃, more preferably 160-190 ℃, and more preferably 170-180 ℃; the heat preservation time of the hot press molding is preferably 150-180 min. In the present invention, the rate of temperature increase from room temperature to the temperature of hot press molding is preferably 4 to 8 ℃/min. After the hot press molding is finished, the present invention is preferably naturally cooled to room temperature.
In the invention, the roughness of the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material is preferably 0.2-0.3 μm. The polishing mode is not particularly limited, and the roughness of the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material can be 0.2-0.3 mu m.
The invention preferably also comprises a pit constructed on the surface of the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material. In the present invention, the pit is preferably constructed by milling; the milling parameters are not particularly limited, and the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material obtained by the method has the pit diameter of 200-500 mu m, the depth of 50-200 mu m and the area density of 3-12%. The invention preferably forms a depression in one side of the friction material and bonds the other side of the friction material to the desired bonding substance.
The preparation method of the brake pad friction material provided by the invention is simple and easy to operate, and the cost is low.
The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention are explained in detail by the following examples, but the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material and the preparation method thereof are not understood to limit the protection scope of the invention.
Example 1
Weighing 30g of modified phenolic resin, 10g of flake graphite, 15g of aramid pulp, 25g of potassium titanate whisker, 10g of vermiculite and 10g of potassium feldspar, uniformly mixing in absolute ethyl alcohol, drying the mixed materials by evaporating the ethyl alcohol in a 95 ℃ oven, putting the mixed powder into a mold after drying, molding for 180min at 20MPa and 180 ℃, freely cooling and demolding; constructing a surface pit on one surface of the friction material with a polished surface by using a micro milling machine, wherein the characteristic size of the pit is as follows: diameter 200 μm, depth 100 μm, area density 6%.
Example 2
Weighing 40g of modified phenolic resin, 5g of flake graphite, 10g of aramid pulp, 15g of potassium titanate whisker, 15g of vermiculite and 15g of potassium feldspar, uniformly mixing in absolute ethyl alcohol, drying the mixed materials in an oven at 85 ℃ to dryness, putting the mixed powder into a mold after drying, pressing for 160min at 40MPa and 175 ℃, freely cooling and demolding; constructing a surface pit on one surface of the friction material with a polished surface by using a micro milling machine, wherein the characteristic size of the pit is as follows: 300 μm in diameter, 150 μm in depth, and 12% in area density.
The surface three-dimensional appearance of the obtained modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material is shown in figure 1.
Example 3
Weighing 20g of modified phenolic resin, 10g of flake graphite, 25g of aramid pulp, 15g of potassium titanate whisker, 15g of vermiculite and 15g of potassium feldspar, uniformly mixing in absolute ethyl alcohol, drying the mixed materials in a 100 ℃ oven by evaporating ethanol, putting the mixed powder into a mold after drying, molding for 160min at 25MPa and 170 ℃, freely cooling and demolding; constructing a surface pit on one surface of the friction material with a polished surface by using a micro milling machine, wherein the characteristic size of the pit is as follows: diameter 400 μm, depth 200 μm, area density 3%.
Example 4
Weighing 35g of modified phenolic resin, 5g of flake graphite, 10g of aramid pulp, 25g of potassium titanate whisker, 20g of vermiculite and 5g of potassium feldspar, and uniformly mixing in absolute ethyl alcohol; drying the mixed materials in a 90 ℃ oven by evaporating ethanol to dryness, putting the mixed powder into a mold after drying, molding for 165min at the temperature of 175 ℃ under 25MPa, freely cooling, and demolding; constructing a surface pit on one surface of the friction material with a polished surface by using a micro milling machine, wherein the characteristic size of the pit is as follows: diameter 500 μm, depth 50 μm, area density 9%.
Example 5
Weighing 30g of modified phenolic resin, 10g of flake graphite, 10g of aramid pulp, 25g of potassium titanate whisker, 10g of vermiculite and 15g of potassium feldspar, and uniformly mixing in absolute ethyl alcohol; evaporating the mixed materials to dryness in a 95 ℃ oven, drying, placing the mixed powder into a mold, molding for 170min at 170 ℃ under 30MPa, freely cooling, and demolding; constructing a surface pit on one surface of the friction material with a polished surface by using a micro milling machine, wherein the characteristic size of the pit is as follows: diameter 200 μm, depth 100 μm, area density 9%.
Example 6
Weighing 20g of modified phenolic resin, 5g of flake graphite, 10g of aramid pulp, 35g of potassium titanate whisker, 25g of vermiculite and 5g of potassium feldspar, and uniformly mixing in absolute ethyl alcohol; drying the mixed materials in a 90 ℃ oven by evaporating ethanol to dryness, putting the mixed powder into a mold after drying, performing mold pressing for 190min at 40MPa and 165 ℃, and demolding after freely cooling; constructing a surface pit on one surface of the friction material with a polished surface by using a micro milling machine, wherein the characteristic size of the pit is as follows: diameter 500 μm, depth 200 μm, area density 6%.
Example 7
Weighing 25g of modified phenolic resin, 10g of flake graphite, 15g of aramid pulp, 15g of potassium titanate whisker, 20g of vermiculite and 15g of potassium feldspar, and uniformly mixing in absolute ethyl alcohol; drying the mixed materials in a 90 ℃ oven by evaporating ethanol to dryness, putting the mixed powder into a mold after drying, molding for 200min at 40MPa and 180 ℃, freely cooling and demolding; the surface pit is not constructed after the surface is polished.
Example 8
Weighing 36g of modified phenolic resin, 8g of flake graphite, 18g of aramid pulp, 14g of potassium titanate whisker, 14g of vermiculite and 10g of potassium feldspar, and uniformly mixing in absolute ethyl alcohol; drying the mixed materials in a 90 ℃ oven by evaporating ethanol to dryness, putting the mixed powder into a mold after drying, molding for 200min at 40MPa and 180 ℃, freely cooling and demolding; the surface pit is not constructed after the surface is polished.
Comparative example
35 parts of steel fiber, 10 parts of modified phenolic resin, 8 parts of nitrile rubber, 12 parts of styrene butadiene rubber, 12 parts of graphite, 3 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 5 parts of cryolite, 8 parts of barium sulfate, 2 parts of aramid fiber, 3 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 3 parts of heavy magnesium oxide, 3 parts of white corundum and 3 parts of silicon carbide. The components are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain a mixture, the mixture is placed in a die for pressing, the pressure is set to be 10Mpa during pressing, the pressing time is 150s, then the pressed blank is heated, the heating temperature is set to be 180 ℃, curing is carried out for 20h, and surface pits are not constructed after the surface is polished.
The bending strength and the bending modulus of the friction materials obtained in the examples 1-8 and the comparative example are tested according to the national standard GB/T1449-2005; testing the compression strength and the compression modulus of the friction materials obtained in the examples 1-8 and the comparative example according to the national standard GB/T1448-2005; the resulting friction material was tested for shore hardness and the results are shown in table 1.
The friction performance of the brake pad friction material obtained in examples 1-8 and the comparative example was tested under the following test conditions: the friction and wear test is carried out on an MRH-3 type high-speed ring block testing machine, the dual is GCr15 bearing steel, the test loading force is 200N, the speed is 2m/s, and the running time is 2 h; at least three replicates of each sample were taken and averaged to obtain the final experimental results, which are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from table 1: the brake pad friction material obtained in the embodiment 1-7 has excellent bending strength, compressive modulus and shore hardness; as can be seen by comparing examples 1 to 6 with example 7: after the pits are formed on the surface, the obtained brake pad friction material has a high wear rate with a low friction coefficient, which shows that the arrangement of the pits can store abrasive dust to reduce abrasive wear, the mechanical resistance of the texture boundary and the dual-surface micro-convex body is strong, and the friction coefficient is increased.
TABLE 1 results of Performance test of the Friction materials obtained in examples 1 to 8 and comparative example
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of modified phenolic resin, 15-35 parts of potassium titanate whisker, 10-25 parts of aramid pulp, 10-25 parts of vermiculite, 5-15 parts of potassium feldspar and 5-10 parts of crystalline flake graphite;
the surface texture of the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material is a pit, the diameter of the pit is 200-500 mu m, and the depth of the pit is 50-200 mu m; the area density of the pits is 3-12%;
the potassium titanate whisker has a diameter of 1-5 μm and an average length of 10-60 μm.
2. The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by being formed from the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of modified phenolic resin, 25-30 parts of potassium titanate whisker, 15-20 parts of aramid pulp, 15-20 parts of vermiculite, 10-15 parts of potassium feldspar and 5-10 parts of crystalline flake graphite.
3. The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of the modified phenolic resin is 80-200 meshes; the particle size of the crystalline flake graphite is 325 meshes.
4. The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the aramid pulp has a particle size of 800-1350 μm and a specific surface area of 8-13 m2/g。
5. The modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of the vermiculite is 60 mesh; the particle size of the potassium feldspar is 120 meshes.
6. The preparation method of the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing modified phenolic resin, crystalline flake graphite, aramid pulp, potassium titanate whisker, vermiculite and potassium feldspar in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a mixed material;
(2) and evaporating the ethanol in the mixed material to dryness, and then sequentially carrying out hot press molding and polishing to obtain the modified phenolic resin-based brake pad friction material.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising forming dimples in the surface of the modified phenolic resin based brake pad friction material.
8. The preparation method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the hot press molding is performed under a pressure of 20 to 40MPa at a temperature of 150 to 200 ℃ for a holding time of 150 to 180 min.
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| CN111410936A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-14 | 荆门市诺维英新材料科技有限公司 | Composite fiber high-performance friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112011385B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-07-05 | 北京浦然轨道交通科技股份有限公司 | Friction material, lubricant and preparation method thereof, brake lining and preparation method thereof |
| CN116239334A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-06-09 | 浙江铭泰汽车零部件有限公司 | Disk brake pad friction material and production process thereof |
| CN116925495B (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-11-28 | 成都超德创科技有限公司 | Resin-based electromagnetic brake friction material and preparation method thereof |
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