CN109733199B - High-voltage isolation system applied to energy storage device of tramcar - Google Patents
High-voltage isolation system applied to energy storage device of tramcar Download PDFInfo
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- CN109733199B CN109733199B CN201910045739.7A CN201910045739A CN109733199B CN 109733199 B CN109733199 B CN 109733199B CN 201910045739 A CN201910045739 A CN 201910045739A CN 109733199 B CN109733199 B CN 109733199B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage isolation system applied to a tramcar energy storage device, which comprises a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a pre-charging circuit, wherein the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the pre-charging circuit; the bidirectional DC/DC converter is placed in the train, one end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the high-voltage bus, and the other end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the energy storage device through the pre-charging circuit; the pre-charging circuit is disconnected when the train is in dormancy maintenance so as to cut off a power-on loop between the high-voltage bus and the energy storage device, so that the high-voltage bus is in a non-electricity state; the invention does not need to discharge the train before the operation of climbing the top, can greatly shorten the preparation time of the operation of climbing the top, has raised the efficiency of train maintenance operation; the waste of residual electric quantity in the energy storage device is avoided, the number of the train charging and discharging devices in the train section is reduced, and the cost is reduced; under the prerequisite of guaranteeing maintainer personal safety, showing and improving train operation maintenance efficiency, reduced the operation cost, had apparent economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power-off protection of energy storage devices, and particularly relates to a high-voltage isolation system applied to an energy storage device of a tramcar.
Background
The whole-line non-net vehicle-mounted energy storage type tramcar has been developed rapidly in recent years because a small number of contact nets are not needed in the whole line or only need to be erected in partial road sections, and urban landscape and height limitation are hardly affected.
The conventional tramcar energy storage device is directly hung on a high-voltage direct-current bus of a train, so that the high-voltage direct-current bus of the train is always in a charged state; therefore, the existing energy storage type tramcar needs to discharge the vehicle-mounted energy storage device before the operation of climbing the top of the train, so that the safety of the operator climbing the top of the train is ensured. After the operation on the roof is finished, the train needs to be charged again or pulled by a rail-road vehicle, and the train can move. According to the vehicle repair system, the tramcar generally has 6 repair courses of daily inspection, weekly inspection, monthly inspection, fixed repair, frame repair and major repair, wherein part of the daily inspection, all of the monthly inspection and the repair courses have the operation contents of roof climbing, so that if the tramcar is subjected to discharge operation before each roof climbing operation, the residual electric quantity in the energy storage device is completely released, the electric energy of the energy storage device is greatly wasted, and the arrangement number of the train charge and discharge devices in the train section is increased; in addition, if the discharging-charging operation is carried out on the train before and after each roof climbing operation, the working efficiency is greatly influenced.
In order to improve the efficiency of the operation of climbing the top and reduce the operation cost, the residual electric quantity of the train energy storage device is completely released in each operation of climbing the top to the greatest extent, so that the key technology which needs to be solved urgently is how to reasonably solve the high-voltage isolation problem of the train-mounted energy storage device on the premise of ensuring the personal safety of maintainers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-voltage isolation system applied to an energy storage device of a tramcar, aiming at solving the problems that the prior tramcar needs to perform discharging-charging operation on the energy storage device before and after the operation of climbing a roof, so that the electric energy of the energy storage device is greatly wasted, the number of the charging and discharging devices of a train in a vehicle section is increased, and the working efficiency is greatly influenced.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high voltage isolation system applied to a tramcar energy storage device, comprising a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a pre-charging circuit; the bidirectional DC/DC converter is placed in the train, one end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the high-voltage bus, and the other end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the energy storage device through the pre-charging circuit;
the pre-charging circuit is disconnected when the train is in dormancy maintenance so as to cut off an electrified loop between the high-voltage bus and the energy storage device, and the high-voltage bus is in a non-electricity state.
Preferably, in the high-voltage isolation system, the pre-charging circuit is turned on when there is a contact system section, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter obtains high voltage provided by the contact system through the high-voltage bus and converts the high voltage into voltage required by the energy storage device, so as to charge the energy storage device.
Preferably, in the high-voltage isolation system, the pre-charging circuit is turned on when there is no catenary section, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter converts the voltage output by the energy storage device into a high-voltage direct current corresponding to the high-voltage bus to drive the train to run.
Preferably, the high-voltage isolation system further comprises a traction device connected with the high-voltage bus, and when a contact network section exists, the traction device directly obtains high-voltage direct current provided by the contact network through the high-voltage bus so as to drive the train to run; and when no contact network section exists, the voltage output by the energy storage device is obtained through the high-voltage bus to drive the train to run.
Preferably, in the high-voltage isolation system, the traction device is further configured to rectify alternating current generated by the traction device into direct current when the train brakes, and charge the energy storage device through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, so as to recover braking energy.
Preferably, the traction device of the high-voltage isolation system comprises a traction inverter and a traction motor;
one end of the traction inverter is connected with the high-voltage bus, and the other end of the traction inverter is connected with the traction motor;
the traction inverter is used for acquiring high-voltage direct current on the high-voltage bus and inverting the high-voltage direct current into three-phase alternating current to drive the traction motor.
Preferably, in the high-voltage isolation system, the traction inverter is further configured to rectify alternating current generated by power generation during braking of the traction motor into direct current.
Preferably, the high-voltage isolation system further includes a brake resistor; one end of the brake resistor is connected with the energy storage device, and the other end of the brake resistor is connected with the traction inverter.
Preferably, the pre-charging circuit of the high-voltage isolation system is arranged between the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the positive terminal of the energy storage device, and comprises a contactor K11, a fuse F1, a contactor K21 and a current-limiting resistor R11, which are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the contactor K11.
Preferably, a manual switch is further disposed between the pre-charging circuit and the energy storage device of the high-voltage isolation system.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the high-voltage isolation system applied to the energy storage device of the tramcar, the bidirectional DC/DC converter used for charging and discharging the energy storage device is arranged in the train traction box, the energy storage device is controlled by the bidirectional DC/DC converter to charge and discharge, and is not directly hung on a high-voltage bus, so that the problem that the high-voltage bus is always electrified is solved; the pre-charging circuit is disconnected when the train is in dormancy maintenance so as to cut off a power-on loop between the high-voltage bus and the energy storage device and enable the high-voltage bus to be in a non-power state, so that the train does not need to be subjected to discharging operation before the top-climbing operation, the preparation time of the top-climbing operation can be greatly shortened, and the maintenance operation efficiency of the train is improved; and the waste of residual electric quantity in the energy storage device is also avoided; meanwhile, the number of the train charging and discharging devices in the train section is reduced, and the cost is reduced; under the prerequisite of guaranteeing maintainer personal safety, showing and improving train operation maintenance efficiency, reduced the operation cost, had apparent economic benefits.
(2) According to the high-voltage isolation system applied to the energy storage device of the tramcar, in a section without a contact network, when a vehicle accelerates, the vehicle-mounted energy storage device outputs energy, the bidirectional DC/DC converter serves as a boost chopper, the voltage of the super capacitor is boosted to the voltage of a direct-current bus, and traction power is provided; when the vehicle decelerates and stops, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is used as a step-down chopper to charge the energy storage device after the bus voltage is reduced; meanwhile, in the area with the contact network, if the capacity of the super capacitor is not enough, the super capacitor can be continuously charged through the contact network, and the problem of climbing of a long and large ramp train can be well solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a logic block diagram of a high-voltage isolation system applied to a tramcar energy storage device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a logic block diagram of a high voltage isolation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a high voltage isolation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The conventional tramcar energy storage device is directly hung on a high-voltage direct-current bus of a train, so that the high-voltage direct-current bus of the train is always in a charged state; therefore, the vehicle-mounted energy storage device needs to be subjected to discharging operation before the operation of climbing the roof, so that the safety of the operator climbing the roof is ensured; in order to realize that the energy storage device of the energy storage type tramcar can be jacked for car roof overhaul operation without discharging operation on the energy storage device on the premise of electrification, the invention provides a high-voltage isolation system applied to the energy storage device of the tramcar, as shown in figure 1, the high-voltage isolation system comprises a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a pre-charging circuit; the bidirectional DC/DC converter is arranged in a traction box of a train, one end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a high-voltage bus, and the other end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with an energy storage device through a pre-charging circuit;
the pre-charging circuit is disconnected when the train is in dormancy maintenance so as to cut off a power-on loop between the high-voltage bus and the energy storage device, so that the high-voltage bus is in a non-electricity state, and other equipment of the tramcar except the energy storage device is not electrified; therefore, the residual electric quantity of the energy storage device does not need to be completely discharged in the top-climbing maintenance operation, and the train energy storage device is still in an electrified state after the maintenance operation is finished; thereby greatly improving the train maintenance operation efficiency, avoiding the waste of train residual electric quantity and reducing the operation cost.
The structure and the operation principle of the high voltage isolation system provided by the present invention are explained by the following specific embodiments.
This embodiment takes 3 modules tram as an example to go on, and whole train establishes 2 power bogies altogether, and every power bogie establishes 2 axletrees altogether, and 1 traction motor is established to every axletree. When the large and large ramp is used for hanging a net to run, a train can be directly electrified to a high-voltage direct-current bus through a contact wire, and then 2 traction motors of two axles on the same bogie are respectively supplied with power through 2 traction inverters. When the grid-free section is powered by vehicle-mounted energy storage, the super capacitor supplies power to the high-voltage direct current bus through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and then supplies power to the traction motor 1 through the traction inverter 1 and supplies power to the traction motor 2 through the traction inverter 2. The configuration can ensure that any group of components are damaged, each bogie only loses 1/2 power, and the whole train only loses 1/4 power by 2 total bogies, so that the train can still stably and reliably run when the components are damaged. Under the condition of keeping the polarity of direct-current voltage at two ends of the converter unchanged, the bidirectional DC/DC converter completes energy bidirectional transmission according to actual needs, and the size, the weight and the cost of a system can be greatly reduced.
Fig. 2 is a logic block diagram of the high-voltage isolation system applied to the energy storage device of the tramcar according to this embodiment, and as shown in fig. 2, a pre-charging circuit in the high-voltage isolation system is turned on when there is an overhead contact system section, a train is charged through the overhead contact system, a pantograph of the train introduces DC750V direct current from the overhead contact line during charging, and the DC750 direct current is introduced into a bidirectional DC/DC converter after being clamped by a diode; at the moment, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is used as a step-down chopper, 750V direct current is reduced to 410-550V direct current required by the energy storage capacitor, and the super capacitor is charged through the pre-charging circuit; meanwhile, when a pantograph of the train is communicated with a contact line, a traction inverter of the train can also directly obtain power from a high-voltage direct-current bus, and the traction motor is driven to operate after a direct-current 750V power supply is inverted into three-phase alternating current, so that the train can be charged and operated simultaneously; the working condition can be used when the train passes through a long and large ramp by adopting a net hanging mode.
When no contact network section exists, the train is driven by the stored energy of the super capacitor, the pre-charging circuit is conducted, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is used as a boost chopper, the 500V direct current output by the super capacitor is boosted to 750V direct current corresponding to the high-voltage direct current bus, and the boosted direct current is inverted into three-phase alternating current through the traction inverter and used for driving the train to run.
When the train is in dormant maintenance, the bidirectional DC/DC converter stops working and cannot discharge outwards, the pre-charging circuit is disconnected to cut off a power-on loop between the high-voltage bus and the energy storage device, so that the high-voltage bus is in a non-electricity state, and other equipment of the tramcar except the energy storage device is not electrified; therefore, the residual electric quantity of the energy storage device does not need to be completely discharged in the top-climbing maintenance operation, and the train energy storage device is still in an electrified state after the maintenance operation is finished; thereby greatly improving the train maintenance operation efficiency, avoiding the waste of train residual electric quantity and reducing the operation cost.
When the train is in a braking working condition, the traction inverter is used as a two-level rectifier, the traction motor is used as a generator, alternating current generated by power generation during braking of the traction motor is rectified into direct current through the traction inverter firstly, and then the super capacitor is charged through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, so that braking energy recovery is realized.
The high-voltage isolation system provided by the embodiment further comprises a brake resistor; one end of the brake resistor is connected with the super capacitor, and the other end of the brake resistor is connected with the traction inverter; when the train is braked, the traction motor is converted into a power generation working condition from a traction working condition; if the electric quantity of the super capacitor is insufficient, three-phase alternating current generated by the traction motor is rectified into direct current through the traction inverter and then charges the super capacitor through the DC/DC converter; if the electric quantity of the super capacitor is sufficient, the three-phase alternating current generated during braking of the traction motor is converted into heat through the braking resistor to be consumed, and abrasion of the basic braking device is avoided.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the high-voltage isolation system provided in this embodiment, and as shown in fig. 3, the bidirectional DC/DC converter may adopt a bidirectional Cuk converter, a bidirectional half-bridge Buck/Boost converter, and the like, in this embodiment, the bidirectional DC/DC converter includes a bidirectional half-bridge circuit (composed of two IGBT power components and two diodes) based on an IGBT module, a voltage sensor VH11, a current sensor LH14, and an energy storage inductor R3, the IGBT power components are connected to the high-voltage bus in an upper pipe, and the lower pipe is connected to the negative line in a lower pipe. When a train pantograph rises and is powered by a DC750V overhead line system, the bidirectional DC/DC circuit gets power from the traction main circuit, an IGBT power element is turned on/off according to a certain frequency, and the super capacitor is charged after the input DC750V direct current is subjected to current limiting and voltage reduction. When the train is in a section without a DC750V contact network and is powered by a super capacitor, a lower tube of an IGBT power element is opened according to a certain frequency, boost chopping is carried out on the output of the super capacitor, and stable DC750V direct current is provided for a traction main circuit and an auxiliary converter.
The pre-charging circuit comprises contactors K11 and K21, a resistor R11, a fuse F1 and a manual switch, when the circuit is just switched on, the K21 is closed, the K11 is disconnected, the current is limited through a resistor R11, and the super capacitor is protected at the initial charging stage; after the pre-charging is completed, K11 is closed, K21 is opened, and the super capacitor is charged normally. The fuse F1 is used for circuit overcurrent protection, and a low-current fuse can be selected; when the train is in dormancy maintenance, the contactors K11 and K21 are simultaneously disconnected, the pre-charging circuit is disconnected, the power-on loop between the high-voltage bus and the super capacitor is cut off, and the high-voltage bus is in a non-power state. Preferably, a manual switch is further disposed between the pre-charging circuit and the super capacitor, and the manual switch can also control the on/off of the pre-charging circuit.
Compared with the existing tramcar which can only be used for climbing the roof after discharging the energy storage device, the high-voltage isolation system applied to the energy storage device of the tramcar provided by the invention can greatly improve the maintenance operation efficiency of the train; on the other hand, the energy storage device does not need to be discharged, so that the waste of the residual electric quantity of the train can be greatly reduced, and the operation cost is reduced; meanwhile, the train does not need to be discharged in the top climbing operation, and the train still has electricity after the overhaul operation is finished, so the number of the charge and discharge devices in the section can be correspondingly reduced; under the prerequisite of guaranteeing maintainer personal safety, showing and improving train operation maintenance efficiency, reduced the operation cost, had apparent economic benefits.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-voltage isolation system applied to a tramcar energy storage device is characterized by comprising a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a pre-charging circuit; the bidirectional DC/DC converter is placed in the train, one end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the high-voltage bus, and the other end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the energy storage device through the pre-charging circuit;
the pre-charging circuit is disconnected when the train is in dormancy maintenance so as to cut off a power-on loop between the high-voltage bus and the energy storage device, so that the high-voltage bus is in a non-electricity state; the pre-charging circuit is arranged between the positive terminals of the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the energy storage device and comprises a contactor K11, a contactor K21 and a current-limiting resistor R11, wherein the contactor K11, the contactor K21 and the current-limiting resistor R11 are connected in series and then connected with the contactor K11 in parallel;
when the pre-charging circuit is connected, the contactor K21 is closed, the contactor K11 is opened, the current is limited through the current limiting resistor R11, and the energy storage device is protected at the initial charging stage;
after the pre-charging is finished, closing the contactor K11, and opening the contactor K21 to charge the energy storage device;
when the train is in dormant maintenance, the contactors K11 and K21 are simultaneously opened to disconnect the pre-charging circuit and cut off the electrified loop between the high-voltage bus and the energy storage device.
2. The high voltage isolation system of claim 1, wherein the pre-charge circuit is turned on when there is an overhead line system section, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter obtains the high voltage power provided by the overhead line system through the high voltage bus and converts the high voltage power into the voltage required by the energy storage device to charge the energy storage device.
3. The high-voltage isolation system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the pre-charging circuit is turned on when there is no contact network section, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter converts the voltage output by the energy storage device into high-voltage direct current corresponding to the high-voltage bus to drive the train to run.
4. The high-voltage isolation system of claim 3, further comprising a traction device connected to the high-voltage bus, wherein when there is a section of the catenary, the traction device directly obtains the high-voltage direct current provided by the catenary through the high-voltage bus to drive the train to run; and when no contact network section exists, the voltage output by the energy storage device is obtained through the high-voltage bus to drive the train to run.
5. The high voltage isolation system of claim 4, wherein the traction device is further configured to rectify alternating current generated by the traction device itself into direct current when the train brakes, and charge the energy storage device through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, thereby achieving braking energy recovery.
6. The high voltage isolation system of claim 4 or 5, wherein the traction device comprises a traction inverter and a traction motor;
one end of the traction inverter is connected with the high-voltage bus, and the other end of the traction inverter is connected with the traction motor;
the traction inverter is used for acquiring high-voltage direct current on the high-voltage bus and inverting the high-voltage direct current into three-phase alternating current to drive the traction motor.
7. The high voltage isolation system of claim 6, wherein the traction inverter is further configured to rectify AC power generated by the traction motor during braking to DC power.
8. The high voltage isolation system of claim 6, further comprising a brake resistor; one end of the brake resistor is connected with the energy storage device, and the other end of the brake resistor is connected with the traction inverter.
9. The high voltage isolation system of claim 1 or 8, wherein the pre-charge circuit further comprises a fuse F1, the fuse F1 being arranged in series with contactors K11, K21.
10. The high voltage isolation system of claim 9, wherein a manual switch is further provided between the pre-charge circuit and the energy storage device.
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| CN201910045739.7A CN109733199B (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2019-01-17 | High-voltage isolation system applied to energy storage device of tramcar |
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| CN201910045739.7A CN109733199B (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2019-01-17 | High-voltage isolation system applied to energy storage device of tramcar |
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| CN111532133A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2020-08-14 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile direct-current bus pre-charging method and equipment |
| CN114435149B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2024-01-16 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Rail vehicle power supply control system and method and rail vehicle |
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| JPH05260602A (en) * | 1992-03-16 | 1993-10-08 | Hitachi Ltd | Controller for electric railcar |
| US8574004B1 (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2013-11-05 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Manual service disconnect with integrated precharge function |
| DE102013218601A1 (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-04-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Energy storage device, energy storage system and method for operating an energy storage device |
| EP2862742A1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-04-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Multi-system power converter |
| CN104670028B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2017-02-01 | 中车大连电力牵引研发中心有限公司 | urban rail vehicle traction system |
| CN105620295B (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2018-04-24 | 北京北交思远科技发展有限公司 | A kind of vehicle-mounted energy storage device of subway train and its control method |
| CN107139779B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2019-04-19 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | The control method of guide rail electric car |
| CN108988447A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-12-11 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of supplying power to and charging unit for super capacitor energy-storage type tramcar |
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