CN109732294A - A kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology increasing intensity - Google Patents
A kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology increasing intensity Download PDFInfo
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- CN109732294A CN109732294A CN201910128696.9A CN201910128696A CN109732294A CN 109732294 A CN109732294 A CN 109732294A CN 201910128696 A CN201910128696 A CN 201910128696A CN 109732294 A CN109732294 A CN 109732294A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technologys for increasing intensity, belong to shield machine cutter field, its key points of the technical solution are that the following steps are included: step S1: electroslag remelting, using electroslag furnace by steel ingot remelting at ESR ingot;Step S2: cogging carries out ESR ingot using Single arm to be forged into first bar;Step S3: cutting;Step S4: open die forging proceeds to jumping-up to bar base;Step S5: die forging;Step S6: rolling ring;Step S7: Rough Inspection;Step S8: spheroidizing;Step S9: it examines again;Step S10: rough turn;Step S11: quenching;Step S12: simplifying, and cutter ring is detected to outer diameter, internal diameter, inner ring thickness, the outer ring thickness of cutter ring after cooling.The present invention has the effect of enhancing cutter structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shield machine cutter technical fields, more specifically, it relates to a kind of shield machine knife for increasing intensity
Enclose processing technology.
Background technique
Shield cutting tool is mainly used for the shield machine driving in subway, tunnel, and structure is that one is welded before cutter hub
Row or two rows of above cylindric alloys.When shield cutter is circumferentially rotated with cutterhead, start to cut, hold when meeting sandy gravel
Easily there is cutter hub rapid wear and alloy bursts apart phenomenon, but when rotating counterclockwise, back is seriously worn by object, will
Impacting master alloying after causing cutter hub dorsal horn face to be seriously worn causes cutter to scrap.Therefore, it is necessary to the wear-resisting of shield cutter
Performance is improved, and is improved by the structural behaviour to shield cutter, and the wear-resisting property of shield cutter is improved, and reduces shield
The degree of wear of cutter during excavation correspondingly extends the service life of shield cutter, reduces maintenance or replacement cost.
Currently, the Chinese invention patent application that notification number is CN108044317A discloses a kind of high-wearing feature shield machine rolling
The processing technology of cutter ring, mainly comprise the steps that Step 1: successively longitudinal changeover portion of Hob ring, cross transition section and
The fixed groove of smooth connection is opened up on front surface region;Step 2: heating to Hob ring, then closed using stainless steel
Gold solder item one layer of stainless steel alloy of uniform welding on each side inner wall of fixed groove;Step 3: after step 2, using hard
Matter alloy electrode welds hard alloy in fixed groove;Isothermal holding is carried out to Hob ring after welding.
During prior art among the above has the following deficiencies: tool sharpening, what cutter was subject to does not only rub
Power, there are also biggish plus-pressures, are easy to produce deformation.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technologys for increasing intensity, carry out electroslag weight to steel ingot
It is molten, to keep cutter structure intensity higher.
The present invention to achieve the goals above, provides following technical solution: it is a kind of increase intensity shield machine cutter ring add
Work technique, comprising the following steps: step S1: electroslag remelting, using electroslag furnace by steel ingot remelting at ESR ingot;Step S2: cogging,
ESR ingot is forged using Single arm, makes to be configured to columned first bar;Step S3: cutting, according to weight to first stick
Material is cut, and bar base is cut into;Step S4: then open die forging, heating rod material base proceed to jumping-up to bar base, make it
As discoid thick embryo;Step S5: thick embryo is placed on forging die by die forging, then press machine is recycled to forge into thick embryo
Shape is dumming base, and dumming base center excellent suitability for press forming has centre bore, and the thickness of outer ring is less than it close to center
The thickness of position;Step S6: dumming base is installed on ring rolls by rolling ring, makes its centre bore to rolling ring using ring rolls
Dumming base rolling ring is in into parison by borehole enlargement and enlarged outside diameter;Step S7: Rough Inspection detects the outer diameter and inner diameter at parison
Whether meet the requirements;Step S8: being placed in electric furnace at parison for Rough Inspection qualification is carried out nodularization at parison by spheroidizing
Annealing;Step S9: examining again, by after being cooled to room temperature at parison after the completion of spheroidizing, detection at the outer diameter of parison, internal diameter,
Inner ring thickness, outer ring thickness and quality are detected;Step S10: rough turn, lathe is shaped to cutter ring at parison progress is rough turn;
Step S11: cutter ring is placed in glowing furnace and quenches by quenching;Step S12: simplifying, and will detect cutter ring after cutter ring cooling
Outer diameter, internal diameter, inner ring thickness, outer ring thickness.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, electroslag remelting is carried out to steel ingot, purifying metals and obtaining clean even tissue causes
Close ESR ingot.Steel through electroslag remelting, purity is high, sulfur-bearing is low, non-metallic inclusion is few, surface of steel ingot is smooth, clean uniform
Fine and close, metallographic structure and chemical component are uniform, so cutter structure intensity is higher;ESR ingot is forged to cylindrical first stick
Material, convenient for the volume of Computing Meta bar, and then side facilitates installation volume cut the bar base of required quality;Utilize open die forging
The defects of eliminating bar base internal shrinkage, shrinkage porosite, stomata makes bar base have higher mechanical property, and the thick embryo after jumping-up
In flat, facilitate subsequent die forging;It then is at parison, at parison spheroidizing, to reduce by dumming base rolling ring
Hardness improves machinability, and does tissue preparation for quenching, and then quenching increases the hardness of cutter ring, increases the material of cutter ring
Expect intensity, allow to bear stronger stress, reduces cutter ring and a possibility that deformation occur.
The present invention is further arranged to: in step S3, first being made annealing treatment to first bar before cutting.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the internal stress generated using annealing release cogging forging, and reduce first bar
Hardness, thus the subsequent cutting to first bar after convenient.
The present invention is further arranged to: in step S3, the weight of bar base needed for installation is in step S12 before cutting
1.05 times ~ 1.15 times of cutter ring weight after middle qualification.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal because subsequent punching and it is rough turn during, the material of blank can be lost, thus
In needing before bar base, there are machining allowance for cutting.
The present invention is further arranged to: in step S4, being heated using gas heating furnace to bar base, natural gas
The temperature of heating furnace is 1180 DEG C ~ 1220 DEG C.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, forging and stamping are easily facilitated at such a temperature, improve the efficiency of forging and stamping.
The present invention is further arranged to: in step S6, before dumming base is installed on ring rolls, first being put dumming base
It is placed in gas heating furnace and is heated, the dumming base after heating is then installed on ring rolls and carries out rolling ring.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, after step S4 and step S5, dumming base temperature is lowered, and utilizes day
Right gas heating furnace is again, the heating of dumming base and with subsequent rolling ring, and answering of generating of while eliminating part die forging and open die forging
Power.
The present invention is further arranged to: in step S5, using forging die hammer into shape to thick embryo die forging, the forging die include upper mold and
Lower die, the lower surface of the upper mold and the upper surface of lower die offer circular forging die groove, and the forging die groove center is coaxial
It is fixedly connected with central core, the side wall of two forging die groove inner walls and two central cores encloses forging die cavity, institute
The lower surface for stating upper mold offers the flash gutters being arranged coaxially with forging die groove.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, in die forging, thick embryo is punched out using central core, facilitates subsequent stone roller
Ring processing.
The present invention is further arranged to: the central core is in truncated cone-shaped, and the bigger diameter end of the central core is close to forging die
The bottom wall of groove.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, so that the small end face of central core is directed at thick embryo, reduce central core and thick embryo
Contact area increases pressure between the two, more convenient that centre bore is stamping.
The present invention is further arranged to: two central cores do not contact when the upper die and lower die mold, and then exist
Shaping mould is punched out using open die forging.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, using central core forging and stamping in the groove to central concave, then using freely
Centre bore is gone out in forging, squeezes the material of thick embryonic center to two sides first with central core forging and stamping, so that centre punch be made to fall
Material is less, and the requirement to forging and stamping is relatively low.
The present invention is further arranged to: the central core upper surface is in circular arc protrusion.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the small end face of central core is further made to be directed at thick embryo, reduce central core with
The contact area of thick embryo, increases pressure between the two, more convenient that centre bore is stamping.
The present invention is further arranged to: the forging die groove include the first annular groove and the second annular groove, first annular groove and
Second annular groove is arranged coaxially and the two is connected to, and the diameter of first annular groove is greater than the diameter of the second annular groove, and described first
Less than the depth of the second annular groove, first annular groove and the second annular groove junction are arranged annular groove depth in circular arc chamfering.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, make it is after molding be less than inner ring thickness at parison outer ring thickness, facilitate it is subsequent plus
Work.
In conclusion the invention has the following advantages:
First, carrying out electroslag remelting to steel ingot, the ESR ingot of clean even tissue densification is purified metals and obtained.Through electroslag remelting
Steel, purity is high, sulfur-bearing is low, non-metallic inclusion is few, surface of steel ingot is smooth, clean even compact, metallographic structure and chemistry at
Divide uniformly, so structural strength is higher;ESR ingot is forged to cylindrical first bar, convenient for the volume of Computing Meta bar, into
And the square bar base for facilitating installation volume cut required quality;Bar base internal shrinkage, shrinkage porosite, gas are eliminated using open die forging
The defects of hole, makes bar base have higher mechanical property, and the thick embryo after jumping-up facilitates subsequent die forging in flat;
Then dumming base rolling ring, to reduce hardness, is improved into machinability at parison spheroidizing at parison, and
Tissue preparation is done for quenching, then quenching increases the hardness of cutter ring, increases the strength of materials of cutter ring, allows to bear stronger
Stress reduces cutter ring and a possibility that deformation occurs;
Second, because subsequent punching and it is rough turn during, the material of blank can be lost, so needing to stay in front of bar base cutting
There is machining allowance;
Third, the small end face of central core is made to be directed at thick embryo, reduce the contact area of central core and thick embryo, increases between the two
Pressure, it is more convenient that centre bore is stamping.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the line frame graph of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view that embodiment 1 is used to show forging die;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view that embodiment 2 is used to show forging die.
Appended drawing reference: 1, forging die;2, upper mold;3, lower die;4, forging die groove;5, the first annular groove;6, the second annular groove;7, forging die
Type chamber;8, flash gutters;9, central core.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment 1: a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology increasing intensity, as shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps:
Step S1: steel ingot is placed in electroslag furnace and carries out remelting by electroslag remelting, makes its electroslag remelting at ESR ingot.Through electroslag
The steel of remelting, purity is high, sulfur-bearing is low, non-metallic inclusion is few, surface of steel ingot is smooth, clean even compact, metallographic structure and change
It studies point uniformly, so material structural strength is higher.
Step S2: cogging forges ESR ingot using Single arm, ESR ingot is heated to 800 DEG C or more before cogging,
By making to be configured to columned first bar under the percussion of Single arm.
Step S3: cutting first makes annealing treatment first bar, the internal stress generated using annealing release cogging forging,
And the hardness of first bar is reduced, to facilitate the subsequent cutting to first bar.Then cutting is carried out in multiple sticks to first bar
Material base.The weight of material base is 1.05 times ~ 1.15 times of qualified cutter ring weight.By the relation formula of density and quality, pass through peace
Dress volume cut the bar base of required quality.
Step S4: open die forging heats bar base using gas heating furnace, and the temperature of gas heating furnace is
1180℃~1220℃.Bar base after heating is proceeded into jumping-up, becomes discoid thick embryo.
Step S5: the thick embryo after open die forging is placed in forging die 1 by die forging, and thick embryo temperature is also uncolled at this time, utilizes die forging
Thick embryo excellent suitability for press forming is dumming base by machine, and dumming base center excellent suitability for press forming has centre bore, the thickness of outer ring
The thickness of entad is leaned on less than it.
Die forging machine is steam-air hammer, as shown in Fig. 2, forging die 1 includes upper mold 2 and lower die 3, the lower surface of upper mold 2 is under
The upper surface of mould 3 offers circular forging die groove 4.Forging die groove 4 includes the first annular groove 5 and the second annular groove 6, the first annular groove 5
It is arranged coaxially with the second annular groove 6 and the two is connected to, the diameter of the first annular groove 5 is greater than the diameter of the second annular groove 6, the first annular groove
Less than the depth of the second annular groove 6, the first annular groove 5 and 6 junction of the second annular groove are arranged 5 depth in circular arc chamfering.In second annular groove 6
The heart has been fixedly and coaxially connected central core 9, and the side wall of two 4 inner walls of forging die groove and two central cores 9 encloses forging die type
Chamber 7, the lower surface of upper mold 2 offer the flash gutters 8 being arranged coaxially with forging die groove 4.Thick embryo is carried out using central core 9
Punching facilitates subsequent rolling ring to process.To further facilitate 9 punching of central core, make central core 9 in truncated cone-shaped, centre type
The bigger diameter end of core 9 reduces the contact area of central core 9 and thick embryo, increases pressure between the two close to the bottom wall of forging die groove 4
By force, more convenient that centre bore is stamping.
Step S6: the dumming base after die forging is put back in gas heating furnace and is heated, then by dumming by rolling ring
Base is installed on the core roller of ring rolls, is adapted to centre bore with core roller, so that pressure roller is squeezed dumming base, using ring rolls to stone roller
Ring makes the borehole enlargement and enlarged outside diameter of its centre bore, is in into parison by dumming base rolling ring.
Step S7: Rough Inspection, after stopping rolling ring, outer diameter and inner diameter of the Rough Inspection at parison, qualification progress next step step.
Step S8: being placed in electric furnace at parison for Rough Inspection qualification is carried out spheroidizing at parison by spheroidizing.
Spheroidizing can obtain the spherodized structure of similar granular pearlite, and spherodized structure not only has better plasticity and tough than lamellar structure
Property, and hardness is slightly lower.When machining has the workpiece of spherodized structure, cutter can be to avoid cutting hard and crisp carburizing
Body, and pass through in soft ferrite, thus cutting-tool's used life is extended, the machinability of steel is improved to reduce
Hardness improves machinability, and does tissue preparation for quenching.
Step S9: examining again, by after being cooled to room temperature at parison after the completion of spheroidizing, detection at parison outer diameter, interior
Diameter, inner ring thickness, outer ring thickness and quality are detected.At the outer diameter of parison, internal diameter, inner ring thickness, outer ring thickness and quality
The carry out next step met.
Step S10: it is rough turn, it is first rough turn to centre bore progress, then again on the basis of the inner wall of centre bore in face of cutter ring
Side wall and end face carry out turning.
Step S11: cutter ring is placed in glowing furnace and is heated and protect a period of time by quenching, then quickly leaching
It is cooling not in quenching liquid.Then it is tempered cutter ring to be placed in tempering furnace.The purpose of quenching is to make overcooling austenite
Martensite or bainite transformation are carried out, martensite or bainite structure are obtained, is then cooperated to be tempered, to greatly improve the rigid of steel
Property, hardness, wearability, fatigue strength and toughness etc..
Step S12: essence inspection after being cooled to room temperature cutter ring, detects outer diameter, internal diameter, inner ring thickness, outer ring and the thickness of cutter ring
Degree.When the outer diameter of cutter ring, internal diameter, inner ring thickness, outer ring and thickness meet, cutter ring is packed and is cased.
Embodiment 2: a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology increasing intensity, as shown in figure 3, difference from Example 1
Be, step S5: the thick embryo after open die forging is placed in forging die 1 by die forging, and thick embryo temperature is also uncolled at this time, utilizes die forging machine
It is dumming base by thick embryo excellent suitability for press forming, dumming base center excellent suitability for press forming has center groove, and the thickness of outer ring is less than
It leans on the thickness of entad.
Die forging machine is steam-air hammer, and forging die 1 includes upper mold 2 and lower die 3, the lower surface of upper mold 2 and the upper table of lower die 3
Face offers circular forging die groove 4.Forging die groove 4 includes the first annular groove 5 and the second annular groove 6, the first annular groove 5 and the second annular groove
6 are arranged coaxially and the two is connected to, and the diameter of the first annular groove 5 is greater than the diameter of the second annular groove 6, and 5 depth of the first annular groove is less than
The depth of second annular groove 6, the first annular groove 5 and 6 junction of the second annular groove are arranged in circular arc chamfering.Second annular groove, 6 central coaxial is solid
Surely it is connected with central core 9, the side wall of two 4 inner walls of forging die groove and two central cores 9 encloses forging die cavity 7, upper mold 2
Lower surface offer the flash gutters 8 being arranged coaxially with forging die groove 4.Thick embryo is punched out using central core 9, it is convenient
Subsequent rolling ring processing.To further facilitate 9 punching of central core, make central core 9 in truncated cone-shaped, 9 upper surface of central core
In circular arc protrusion.Two central cores 9 do not contact when upper mold 2 and lower die 3 mold, thus after die forging in dumming base both ends
Heart position has the middle line groove to lower recess.Then dumming base is placed on gasket ring, formed punch is placed in center groove,
Formed punch is in truncated cone-shaped, and bigger diameter end is placed in center groove, and axial length is greater than the thickness of dumming base.Then using electro-hydraulic
Hammer taps formed punch, and the clout of center groove bottom is taken out, and completes punching to form centre bore.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can according to need the modification that not creative contribution is made to the present embodiment after reading this specification, but as long as at this
All by the protection of Patent Law in the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology for increasing intensity, which comprises the following steps: step S1: electroslag weight
It is molten, using electroslag furnace by steel ingot remelting at ESR ingot;Step S2: ESR ingot is forged using Single arm, makes to shape by cogging
For columned first bar;Step S3: cutting cuts first bar according to weight, is cut into bar base;Step S4: from
By forging, then heating rod material base proceeds to jumping-up to bar base, becomes discoid thick embryo;Step S5: die forging, it will be thick
Embryo is placed on forging die (1), and then thick embryo excellent suitability for press forming is dumming base, the dumming base centre bit by recycling press machine
Set forging and stamping or it is stamping have a centre bore, the thickness of outer ring is less than its thickness for leaning on entad;Step S6: rolling ring,
Dumming base is installed on ring rolls, makes the borehole enlargement and enlarged outside diameter of its centre bore to rolling ring using ring rolls, it will be thick
Shaping base rolling ring is in into parison;Step S7: whether Rough Inspection, detection meet the requirements at the outer diameter and inner diameter of parison;Step S8: nodularization
Being placed in electric furnace at parison for Rough Inspection qualification is carried out spheroidizing at parison by annealing;Step S9: examining again, and nodularization is moved back
After being cooled to room temperature at parison after the completion of fire, detection at the outer diameter of parison, internal diameter, inner ring thickness, outer ring thickness and quality into
Row detection;Step S10: rough turn, lathe is shaped to cutter ring at parison progress is rough turn;Step S11: cutter ring is placed in by quenching
It is quenched in glowing furnace;Step S12: simplifying, and cutter ring is detected to the outer diameter, internal diameter, inner ring thickness, outer ring thickness of cutter ring after cooling
Degree.
2. a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology for increasing intensity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step S3
In, first first bar is made annealing treatment before cutting.
3. a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology for increasing intensity according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in step S3
In, the weight of bar base needed for installation is in step S12 1.05 times ~ 1.15 times of cutter ring weight after qualification before cutting.
4. a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology for increasing intensity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step S4
In, bar base is heated using gas heating furnace, the temperature of gas heating furnace is 1180 DEG C ~ 1220 DEG C.
5. a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology for increasing intensity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step S6
In, before dumming base is installed on ring rolls, first dumming base is placed in gas heating furnace and is heated, then will added
Dumming base after heat is installed on ring rolls and carries out rolling ring.
6. a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology for increasing intensity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step S5
In, it is hammered into shape using forging die (1) to thick embryo die forging, the forging die (1) includes upper mold (2) and lower die (3), the following table of the upper mold (2)
Face and the upper surface of lower die (3) offer circular forging die groove (4), and forging die groove (4) central coaxial is fixedly connected with
The side wall of central core (9), two forging die groove (4) inner walls and two central cores (9) encloses forging die cavity (7),
The lower surface of the upper mold (2) offers the flash gutters (8) being arranged coaxially with forging die groove (4).
7. a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology for increasing intensity according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the center
Type core (9) is in truncated cone-shaped, the bottom wall of the bigger diameter end of the central core (9) close to forging die groove (4).
8. a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology for increasing intensity according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the upper mold
(2) two central cores (9) do not contact when and lower die (3) molds.
9. a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology for increasing intensity according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the center
Type core (9) upper surface is in circular arc protrusion.
10. a kind of shield machine cutter ring processing technology for increasing intensity according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the forging
Mould groove (4) includes the first annular groove (5) and the second annular groove (6), and first annular groove (5) and the second annular groove (6) are arranged coaxially
And the two is connected to, and the diameter of first annular groove (5) is greater than the diameter of the second annular groove (6), and the first annular groove (5) depth is small
Depth in the second annular groove (6), first annular groove (5) and the second annular groove (6) junction are arranged in circular arc chamfering.
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