CN109732021B - Steel bar blanking method - Google Patents
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- CN109732021B CN109732021B CN201910206687.7A CN201910206687A CN109732021B CN 109732021 B CN109732021 B CN 109732021B CN 201910206687 A CN201910206687 A CN 201910206687A CN 109732021 B CN109732021 B CN 109732021B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 510
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 510
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 233
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a steel bar blanking method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of blanking by adopting a raw material steel bar combination mode, screening a raw material steel bar blanking combination by using an intlinprog function in matlab with the aim that the length of the residual raw material steel bar after combination cutting is minimum and not more than a set threshold value, and outputting a steel bar to be blanked and a corresponding raw material steel bar blanking combination result; and then, solving the blanking combination of the raw material steel bars by taking the minimum length of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting as a target, and solving the blanking combination of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting by taking the minimum waste rate of the steel bars as a target, and taking the condition that a welding node is not in a beam span as a constraint, and taking the maximum length of each steel bar to be blanked after cutting as a hard constraint by combining two steel bars or taking the minimum waste rate of the steel bars as a target, and taking the minimum length of each steel bar to be blanked after cutting as a hard constraint by combining only one steel bar, and adopting a corresponding lingo model to solve the. The invention can obviously reduce the material cost and the labor cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a steel bar blanking method, and belongs to the technical field of civil engineering.
Background
For a 10-ten-thousand-square civil engineering project, the labor cost is not included in the general waste rate of 3%, and the cost of the whole project is wasted by about 100 thousand. Therefore, a reasonable mathematical model is established, a reasonable steel bar blanking list and a reasonable cutting method are optimized, and the method has great significance for saving project cost.
In addition, in the steel bar optimization calculation process, the welding node is always a problem which is difficult to solve in the beam span, and even if constraint conditions in the beam span can be given, the optimal solution of the problem is usually difficult to obtain due to complex conditions.
Therefore, the optimization method of the steel bar blanking with lower waste rate is provided, and the economic and social benefits are very obvious.
In the reinforcing steel bar engineering, an operation research method is generally adopted for modeling and optimizing to obtain an optimal reinforcing steel bar blanking list and a cutting method. The method effectively reduces the waste of materials, but the method does not control the position of a welding point, because the welding point cannot be positioned in the midspan area of some components according to the specification of the steel bar engineering, the hard specification is not considered in a model, the calculation result of the model must be finely adjusted according to the construction status, and the defect of the model causes great obstruction in popularization and use. In order to overcome the problems, the value of each section of steel bar is limited in a non-mid-span interval by adding constraint conditions, so that the blanking result strictly follows the standard requirements, and the problem is well solved by adding the constraint conditions. However, this model only takes into account the material cost of the project, not the labor cost. The steel bar engineering cost not only comprises material cost, but also comprises labor cost required by welding and cutting, after the material cost is optimized by adopting a mathematical model, the welding points are optimized by the mathematical model before a steel bar cutting method and a blanking list are obtained, and therefore the labor cost generated by welding and cutting is reduced. In fact, material costs and labor costs are a pair of conflicting factors in the steel bar project, and reducing material may result in increased labor costs, reduced labor costs, or reduced welding and cutting times, while increasing material costs, and considering material costs and labor costs alone, the total cost of the resulting steel bar project is obviously not minimized. Subsequent studies have also investigated the blanking problem through multi-objective planning. However, in multi-objective planning, some empirical components are selected for weight selection, and the selection of the weight in different projects is highly subjective.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a steel bar blanking method which can obviously reduce the material cost and the labor cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a method for blanking reinforcing steel bars comprises the following steps:
the collection treats unloading reinforcing bar length and raw and other materials reinforcing bar length, will treat unloading reinforcing bar length and raw and other materials reinforcing bar length and carry out comparison one by one:
case 1: if the length of the steel bar to be blanked is not greater than that of the raw material steel bar and the length of the residual raw material steel bar after cutting is less than or equal to a set threshold value, outputting a matching result of the steel bar to be blanked and the raw material steel bar;
case 2: for the steel bar to be blanked which can not be blanked according to the situation 1, the following method is adopted for combined blanking:
the length of the residual raw material steel bars after combined cutting is minimum and is less than or equal to a set threshold value, and the construction shape is AeqX＝BeqThe mathematical matrix model of (2); wherein: a. theeqIs a matrix constructed according to the length of the raw material reinforcing steel bars by considering the loss of welding nodes, X is a matrix formed by the minimum length of the residual raw material reinforcing steel bars after combined cutting and a logic vector representing whether the raw material reinforcing steel bars participate in combined blanking, BeqThe method comprises the following steps of (1) constructing a matrix according to the length of a steel bar to be blanked by considering the loss of welding nodes;
solving X by using an intlinprog function in matlab, acquiring a corresponding raw material steel bar blanking combination, and outputting a steel bar to be blanked and a corresponding raw material steel bar blanking combination result;
case 3: for the steel bars to be blanked which are not matched with blanking according to the situations 1 and 2, the following method is adopted for combined blanking:
firstly, constructing the shape of A 'by taking the minimum length of the steel bar to be blanked after cutting as a target'eqY＝B′eqThe mathematical matrix model of (2); wherein: a'eqIs a matrix constructed according to the length of the raw material steel bar by considering the loss of welding nodes, Y is a matrix formed by the minimum length of the steel bar to be blanked after combined cutting and a logic vector representing whether the raw material steel bar participates in combined blanking, and B'eqIs a matrix constructed according to the length of the steel bar to be blanked;
solving Y by using an intlinprog function in matlab to obtain a corresponding raw material steel bar blanking combination; and judging whether the welding node is in the beam span: if the problem that the welding spot is in the beam span does not exist, outputting a combined result of the steel bar to be blanked and the blanking of the corresponding raw material steel bar, otherwise, the blanking result is invalid, and entering the next step;
the method comprises the steps of taking the minimum waste rate of steel bars as a target, taking the welded joint not in a beam span as a constraint, taking the maximum combination of two sections of steel bars as a hard constraint for each cut residual steel bar to be blanked or taking the minimum waste rate of the steel bars as a target, taking the combination of only one section of steel bar as a hard constraint for each cut residual steel bar to be blanked, solving the blanking combination of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked by adopting a pre-established corresponding lingo model, and outputting the cut residual steel bars to be blanked and a corresponding blanking combination result;
wherein: and (3) the length of the steel bar to be blanked left after cutting is equal to the length of the steel bar to be blanked, the length of the raw material steel bar participating in blanking combination and the number of steel bar nodes is s, and s represents the loss of the welding nodes.
The method for solving the blanking combination of the raw material reinforcing steel bar in the situation 2 comprises the following steps:
dividing the length of the steel bar to be blanked by the minimum value of the raw material steel bars, and taking an integer upwards to obtain the maximum possible number M of the raw material steel bars of each length participating in blanking combination in the calculation;
for the length of each raw material steel bar, M raw material steel bars are copied, welding node loss is subtracted respectively, a row vector is constructed, and an element-1 is added to the last column of the row vector, namely the vector Aeq，
In the formula: p represents the total length type of the raw material reinforcing steel bar under the current situation; a. the1、A2……ApThe lengths of the raw material steel bars are respectively used for representing p lengths;
constructing a column vector X by taking whether the raw material steel bar participates in steel bar combination blanking as a column vector and taking the minimum value of the lengths of the residual raw material steel bars after combination cutting as the last row,
X＝[x1x2… xp*Mxp*M+1]T
in the formula: x is the number of1、x2……xp*MIs 1 or 0: when the value is 1, the expression is AeqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar participates in blanking combination; when the value is 0, A is representedeqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar does not participate in blanking combination; x is the number ofp*M+1Representing the minimum value of the length of the residual raw material steel bar after combined cutting;
construction B by subtracting welding node loss from length of steel bar to be blankedeqVector, BeqB-s, wherein B represents the length of the steel bar to be blanked;
according to AeqX＝BeqAnd calculating a column vector X by using an intLinprog function in matlab, and outputting a raw material steel bar blanking combination result according to the column vector X.
In case 3, the method for solving the blanking combination of the raw material reinforcing steel bars by constructing a mathematical matrix model comprises the following steps:
dividing the length of the steel bar to be blanked by the minimum value of the raw material steel bars, and taking an integer downwards to obtain the maximum possible number N of each raw material steel bar participating in blanking combination in the calculation;
for the length of each raw material steel bar, copying N, subtracting welding node loss respectively, constructing a row vector, and adding an element 1 in the last column of the row vector, namely a vector A'eq，
In the formula: q represents the total length type of the raw material steel bar under the current situation; a'1、A′2……A′qThe lengths of the raw material steel bars are respectively used for representing q lengths;
using whether the raw material steel bar participates in the steel bar combination blanking as a column vector, using the minimum length of the steel bar to be blanked after the combination cutting as the last line, constructing a column vector Y,
Y＝[y1y2… yq*Nyq*N+1]T
in the formula: y is1、y2……yq*NIs 1 or 0: a 'when the value is 1'eqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar participates in blanking combination; a 'when the value is 0'eqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar does not participate in blanking combination; y isq*N+1Represents the minimum length y of the steel bar to be blanked after combined cuttingq*N+1Not less than 35d + s; d represents the diameter of the raw material steel bar;
taking the length of the steel bar to be blanked as B'eqVector quantity;
according to A'eqY＝B′eqAnd calculating a column vector Y by adopting an intLinprog function in matlab, and outputting a raw material steel bar blanking combination result according to the column vector Y.
In case 3, the method for solving the blanking combination of the steel bars to be blanked left after cutting by adopting the lingo model comprises the following steps:
splitting the steel bars to be cut left after cutting according to a preset splitting threshold value;
case 301: for the steel bars to be blanked after cutting, the length of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is larger than or equal to a preset splitting threshold value, the minimum waste rate of the steel bars is taken as a target, the welded joint is not in the beam span as a constraint, each steel bar to be blanked after cutting is combined into a hard constraint by two steel bars at most, the blanking combination of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is solved by using a corresponding lingo model, and the steel bars to be blanked after cutting and the corresponding blanking combination result are output;
case 302: for the steel bars to be blanked after cutting, the length of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is less than the preset splitting threshold value, the minimum waste rate of the steel bars is taken as a target, each steel bar to be blanked after cutting is only combined by one section of steel bar to form hard constraint, the blanking combination of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is solved by using a corresponding lingo model, and the steel bars to be blanked after cutting and the corresponding blanking combination result are output;
the preset splitting threshold value is more than 2(35d + s), and d represents the diameter of the raw material steel bar.
The method for judging whether the welding node is positioned in the beam span comprises the following steps:
calculating the number of the raw material steel bars included in the raw material steel bar blanking combination result;
for the combined result of the raw material steel bar blanking with the number of the steel bar sections more than 10:
extracting the first 10 elements and carrying out full arrangement;
the remaining elements not extracted are added at the end of each permutation, constituting 10! A permutation and combination;
consider the loss of a welded joint, judge 10! Whether a certain permutation combination exists in the permutation combinations meets the condition that all welding nodes are not located in the beam span:
if so, replacing the raw material steel bar blanking combination result by the permutation and combination;
otherwise, the first 10 elements are re-extracted starting with the second element and fully aligned, and the remaining elements are added at the end of each alignment, forming a new 10! The new 10! Whether a certain permutation combination exists in each permutation combination meets the condition that all welding nodes are not positioned in the beam span, and so on until the judgment of all permutation combinations is completed;
if the situation that the welding node is in the beam span exists in all the permutation and combination, the fact that the welding node is in the beam span exists in the steel bar welding of the beam is indicated;
and (3) for the raw material steel bar blanking combination result with the steel bar number less than or equal to 10: and (3) directly performing full-array calculation, and judging whether a certain array meets the condition that all welding nodes are not in the beam span: if so, replacing the raw material steel bar blanking combination result by the permutation and combination; otherwise, the welding node in the beam span exists in the steel bar welding of the beam.
The non-linear lingo model established in case 301 is specifically as follows:
0≤Tj≤1
Xij＝KijYij+(1-Kij)Zij
Kij0 or 1
XijThe length ratio of the jth raw material steel bar in the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting is represented; y isijRepresenting the ratio of the jth raw material steel bar used in the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting; zijThe length ratio of a first section of steel bar of the steel bar to be blanked left after the ith cutting to the jth raw material steel bar is represented; t isjIndicating the proportion of the jth raw material steel bar used; pjRepresenting the length of the jth raw material reinforcing steel bar; q (i) represents the length of the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting; m represents the total number of raw material reinforcing steel bars; n represents the total number of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting; h represents the beam height; kijIs a 0, 1 variable; d represents the diameter of the raw material reinforcing bar.
The non-linear lingo model established for case 302 is specifically as follows:
0≤Tj≤1
(35d+s)/Pj≤Xijless than or equal to 1 or Xij＝0
In the formula: xijThe length ratio of the jth raw material steel bar in the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting is represented; t isjIndicating the proportion of the jth raw material steel bar used; pjRepresenting the length of the jth raw material reinforcing steel bar; q (i) represents the length of the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting; m represents the total number of raw material reinforcing steel bars; n represents the total number of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting; d represents the diameter of the raw material reinforcing bar.
Before establishing the non-linear lingo model in the case 301, the following process should be performed:
counting the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked and the corresponding number of the steel bars, wherein the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked are greater than or equal to a preset splitting threshold;
storing the length of the raw material steel bars and the length of the steel bars to be cut and left to be blanked into two columns in the same excel file, and arranging the lengths in a descending order;
the excel file which stores the length of the raw material steel bar and the length of the residual blanking steel bar after cutting is cut into a plurality of subfiles, and the method requires that: each subfile comprises 50-60 pieces of length data of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting, and the difference between the length sum of the original material steel bars in each subfile and the length sum of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is less than or equal to 10.
Before establishing the non-linear lingo model in the case 302, the following process should be performed:
counting the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked and the corresponding steel bar numbers of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked, wherein the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked are less than a preset splitting threshold value;
storing the raw material steel bars and the cut steel bars to be blanked into the same excel file;
splitting the excel file into a plurality of subfiles, and requiring that: each subfile comprises 50-60 pieces of length data of the steel bars to be cut and left to be blanked;
dividing the number of the reinforcing steel bars corresponding to the remaining reinforcing steel bars to be blanked after cutting by the number of the subfiles to obtain the number of the reinforcing steel bars to be distributed in each subfile of the remaining reinforcing steel bars to be blanked after cutting; for the case of incomplete division, the remainder portion is assigned to the last subfile.
The set threshold value is w% of the minimum value of the length of the steel bar to be blanked, 35d + s and 0.4, the unit of the three values is meter, wherein w% is the preliminary estimated steel bar waste rate, and d is the diameter of the raw material steel bar.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the problems of length of the residual raw material steel bar after cutting, steel bar waste rate, beam span and the like are considered, the whole steel bar can be utilized to the maximum extent, the cutting times and the welding times are obviously reduced, and the labor cost is reduced; the residual raw material reinforcing steel bars after cutting can be fully utilized, and the material cost is remarkably saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a steel bar blanking method adopted in case 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a steel bar blanking method adopted in case 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the steel bar blanking applied to case 2;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for calculating a steel bar blanking result by using an intlinprog function in matlab according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of rebar blanking applied to case 3.
Detailed Description
The steel bar blanking method provided by the embodiment of the invention considers a plurality of problems of the lengths of two steel bars of the residual raw material after cutting, steel bar waste rate, beam span and the like, can utilize the whole steel bar to the maximum extent, reduces the steel bar waste rate, obviously reduces the cutting times and the welding times, and reduces the material cost and the labor cost.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The steel bar blanking method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: collecting the length of the steel bar to be blanked and the length of the raw material steel bar:
specifically, the length types and the corresponding number of the raw material steel bars can be counted by calling a statistics function in matlab, the raw material steel bars with the same length are stored as one type in a first row of a two-row matrix, and the corresponding number of the steel bars is stored in a second row. The information related to the current raw material steel bar is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Length of reinforcing bar | Quantity (root) | Remarks for note |
| 20.59 | 957 | Customized reinforcing |
| 12 | 1000 | Standard steel bar |
| 9 | 1000 | Standard steel bar |
| 4.51 | 1907 | The reinforcing steel bars left in the previous project are expected to be used up in the project by the owner |
The corresponding constructed raw material steel bar matrix is as follows:
step two: comparing the length of the steel bar to be blanked with the length of the raw material steel bar one by one, and outputting a blanking matching result of the steel bar to be blanked and the raw material steel bar according to a corresponding matching principle;
case 1: if the length of the steel bar to be blanked is not greater than that of the raw material steel bar and the residual length of the raw material steel bar after blanking is less than or equal to a set threshold value, outputting a blanking matching result of the steel bar to be blanked and the raw material steel bar;
the set threshold is the minimum value of w% of the length of the steel bar to be blanked, 35d + s and 0.4m, wherein w% is the preliminary estimated steel bar waste rate, such as 1% -4%; d is the diameter of the raw material steel bar, and the value of d is 32mm in the embodiment of the invention; s is the weld joint loss and is typically 0.06 m.
Suppose that table 2 is the relevant information of the steel bar to be blanked:
table 2:
| length of steel bar to be blanked | Quantity (root) |
| 11.87 | 20 |
| 11.71 | 12 |
| 4.43 | 4 |
| 4.37 | 4 |
| 4.36 | 10 |
The information provided by the table 1 is used as the raw material steel bar information, the steel bar to be blanked in the table 2 is subjected to matched blanking, and the method is specifically shown in the figure 1: comparing the lengths of the steel bars to be blanked with the first row in the raw material steel bar matrix one by one, and judging whether the lengths of the steel bars are smaller than or equal to a set threshold value: if yes, storing the compared raw material steel bars and the steel bars to be blanked in the cutting method matrix according to the column vectors, deleting the steel bars in the steel bar vector to be blanked, subtracting 1 from the number of the steel bars in the raw material steel bar matrix, deleting the row if the number of the corresponding raw material steel bars is equal to 0, and if not, continuously taking out the next steel bar to be blanked and starting another cycle until the whole steel bar column vector to be blanked is traversed. As shown in table 3, the steel bar blanking method table obtained according to table 1 and table 2 is:
table 3:
| length of raw material reinforcing bar | Length of steel bar to be blanked | Residual length | Description of the |
| 12 | 11.87 | 0.13 | 20 reinforcing steel bars of 11.87 |
| 12 | 11.71 | 0.29 | Total 12 steel bars of 11.71m |
| 4.51 | 4.43 | 0.08 | 4 reinforcing steel bars of 4.43m in total |
| 4.51 | 4.37 | 0.14 | 4 reinforcing steel bars of 4.37m in total |
| 4.51 | 4.36 | 0.15 | Total 10 reinforcing bars of 4.36m |
Case 2: and (3) for the reinforcing steel bars to be blanked which can not be matched in the case 1, blanking in a raw material reinforcing steel bar combination mode, and constructing the reinforcing steel bars to be blanked in the shape of A by taking the minimum length of the residual raw material reinforcing steel bars after combination cutting and the length less than or equal to a set threshold value as a targeteqX＝BeqThe mathematical matrix model of (1), wherein: a. theeqConsidering the loss of welding nodes and constructing a matrix according to the length of the raw material steel bar, wherein X is the minimum value of the length of the residual raw material steel bar after combined cutting and represents whether the raw material steel bar is involvedMatrix formed with logic vectors of combined blanking, BeqThe method comprises the following steps of (1) constructing a matrix according to the length of a steel bar to be blanked by considering the loss of welding nodes;
solving X by using an intlinprog function in matlab, acquiring a corresponding raw material steel bar blanking combination, and outputting a steel bar to be blanked and a corresponding raw material steel bar blanking combination result;
the length (hereinafter referred to as "difference") of the remaining raw material reinforcing bars after the combined cutting is the sum of the lengths of all the raw material reinforcing bars participating in the combination- (the number of the raw material reinforcing bars participating in the combination-1) × the welded joint loss-the length of the reinforcing bars to be blanked. As shown in fig. 3, assuming that the length of the steel bar to be blanked is 24.93m, the lengths of the two raw material steel bars participating in the combination are 20.59m and 4.51m, respectively, and the loss of the welded joint is 0.06m, the difference is 20.59+4.51-0.06-24.93 is 0.11 m.
The specific method for obtaining the raw material steel bar blanking combination result is shown in fig. 2 and 4:
with the minimum difference as a target, establishing and optimizing an optimized mathematical model as follows:
in the formula: p represents the total length type of the raw material reinforcing steel bar under the current situation; x is the number ofjWhether the raw material steel bar with the jth length is used or not is represented, and 1 is selected or not and 0 is not selected; x is the number ofp+1Representing the minimum value of the length of the steel bar of the residual raw material after combined cutting, and B representing the length of the steel bar to be blanked; a. thejShowing the length of the j raw material steel bar;
to develop the optimization calculation, the mathematical model is written to form aeqX＝BeqThe specific method is as follows:
dividing the length of the steel bar to be blanked by the minimum value of the raw material steel bars, and taking an integer upwards to obtain the maximum possible number M of the raw material steel bars of each length participating in blanking combination in the calculation;
for each raw material steel bar length, M is copied, the loss of welding nodes is subtracted respectively, a column vector is constructed, and elements are added in the last column of the column vector-1 is the vector Aeq，
In the formula: p represents the total length type of the raw material reinforcing steel bar under the current situation; a. the1、A2……ApThe lengths of the raw material steel bars are respectively used for representing p lengths;
constructing a column vector X by taking whether the raw material steel bars participate in steel bar combination blanking as a column vector and taking the minimum value of the lengths of the residual raw material steel bars after combination cutting as the last row;
X＝[x1x2… xp*Mxp*M+1]T
in the formula: x is the number of1、x2……xp*MIs 1 or 0: when the value is 1, the expression is AeqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar participates in blanking combination; when the value is 0, A is representedeqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar does not participate in blanking combination; x is the number ofp*M+1Representing the minimum value of the length of the residual raw material steel bar after combined cutting;
construction B by subtracting welding node loss from length of steel bar to be blankedeqVector, BeqB-s, wherein B represents the length of the steel bar to be blanked;
according to AeqX＝BeqAnd calculating a column vector X by using an intLinprog function in matlab, and outputting a raw material steel bar blanking combination result according to the column vector X.
The following is further illustrated with reference to specific examples:
assuming that the length of the steel bar to be blanked is 55.63m, the constructed raw material steel bar matrix is as follows (unit: m):
the minimum length of the raw material steel bars in the current state is 4.51m, the length of the steel bars to be blanked is 55.63m divided by 4.51m, a ceiling function ceil is taken, and blanking of each raw material steel bar on the raw material steel bars is obtainedThe maximum possible number applied in the combination is 13, 13 are duplicated in parallel for each length of raw material rebar, the welded joint loss is subtracted (assumed to be 0.06m), and element-1 is added to the last column of the row vector, so that a row vector A can be obtainedeq＝[20.53 20.53 20.53 20.5320.53 20.53 20.53 20.53 20.53 20.53 20.53 20.53 20.53 11.94 11.94 11.94 11.9411.94 11.94 11.94 11.94 11.94 11.94 11.94 11.94 11.94 8.94 8.94 8.94 8.948.94 8.94 8.94 8.94 8.94 8.94 8.94 8.94 8.94 4.45 4.45 4.45 4.45 4.45 4.454.45 4.45 4.45 4.45 4.45 4.45 4.45 -1]。
In the column vector X, X1～xmThe total 52 variables are used for indicating whether the raw material steel bar participates in combined blanking, and the value is 1 or 0; last element X in column vector Xm+1Represents the minimum difference, and the value interval is [0, + ∞ ].
Through the optimized combination of the whole reinforcing steel bars, 714 reinforcing steel bars are used in total, which accounts for 71.4% of 1000 reinforcing steel bars in total, and the requirement that the owner uses up the remaining 4.51m reinforcing steel bars in the previous batch as far as possible is met. After optimized combination, the lengths of the remaining steel bars to be blanked are all 0, namely, after optimized combination, no waste exists, and the material cost is saved to the maximum extent; because all the steel bars are combined and not cut, the cutting times can be effectively reduced in the whole blanking process, the welding times can be reduced, and the labor cost can be fully reduced.
In conclusion, the method for combined blanking of a plurality of raw material reinforcing steel bars has the advantages that:
1) with waste reinforcing bars (X) cutm+1) The minimum is the target, and through optimization calculation, the material waste rate can be reduced to the maximum extent.
2) In the optimization calculation process, to reach XmAt the minimum, the optimization program can automatically select some shorter steel bars with the length less than 9m (the length of the steel bars which are the common standard raw materials in the engineering), and the optimal length grading of the steel bars is realized. These bars smaller than 9m are usually the bars left over by the previous project and the project entrustor requires to leave the remaining bars as much as possibleThe method can be used in the next project, all of which meet the requirements of project consignors and solve the problem that the residual steel bars are difficult to digest after the cutting of the project consignors.
3) In the obtained steel bar blanking list, only the last section xmThe steel bars are cut, and the other steel bars are whole steel bars, so that the cutting workload is greatly reduced, the welding workload is also reduced, and the aim of reducing the labor cost to the maximum extent is fulfilled.
Case 3: for case 2, the steel bar to be blanked remains:
firstly, constructing the shape of A 'by taking the minimum length of the residual steel bar to be blanked as a target'eqY＝B′eqOf (2), wherein A'eqThe method is a matrix constructed according to the length of a raw material steel bar by considering the loss of welding nodes; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: dividing the length of the steel bar to be blanked by the minimum value of the raw material steel bars, and taking an integer downwards to obtain the maximum possible number N of each raw material steel bar participating in blanking combination in the calculation;
for the length of each raw material steel bar, copying N, subtracting welding node loss respectively, constructing a row vector, and adding an element 1 in the last column of the row vector, namely a vector A'eq，
In the formula: q represents the total length type of the raw material steel bar under the current situation; a'1、A′2……A′qThe lengths of the raw material steel bars are respectively used for representing q lengths;
y is a matrix formed by the minimum length of the steel bars to be blanked after combined cutting and a logic vector representing whether the raw material steel bars participate in combined blanking; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: constructing a column vector Y by taking whether raw material reinforcing steel bars participate in reinforcing steel bar combination blanking as a column vector and taking the minimum length of the reinforcing steel bars to be blanked after combination cutting as the last row,
Y＝[y1y2… yq*Nyq*N+1]T
in the formula: y is1、y2……yq*NIs 1 or 0: a 'when the value is 1'eqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar participates in blanking combination; a 'when the value is 0'eqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar does not participate in blanking combination; y isq*N+1Represents the minimum length y of the steel bar to be blanked after combined cuttingq*N+1Not less than 35d + s; d represents the diameter of the raw material steel bar;
B′eqis a matrix constructed according to the length of the steel bar to be blanked;
according to A'eqY＝B′eqAnd calculating a column vector Y by adopting an intLinprog function in matlab, and outputting a raw material steel bar blanking combination result according to the column vector Y.
The method comprises the steps of taking the minimum waste rate of steel bars as a target, taking the welded joint not in a beam span as a constraint, taking the maximum combination of two sections of steel bars as a hard constraint for each cut residual steel bar to be blanked or taking the minimum waste rate of the steel bars as a target, taking the combination of only one section of steel bar as a hard constraint for each cut residual steel bar to be blanked, solving the blanking combination of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked by adopting a pre-established corresponding lingo model, and outputting the cut residual steel bars to be blanked and a corresponding blanking combination result; the specific method comprises the following steps:
the following is further illustrated with reference to specific examples:
assuming that the length of the steel bar to be blanked is 25.74m, the raw material steel bar matrix constructed by the lengths of the rest raw material steel bars is as follows:
20.59 887
12 366
9 423
statistical data show that: the shortest length of the current raw material is 9m, so that the steel bar of each raw material possibly participating in the whole steel bar combination is floor (25.74/9) 2 at most;
copying each corresponding raw material steel bar vector array [99 ], [ 1212 ] and [ 20.5920.59 ], and combining the three vectors to obtain [ 99121220.5920.59 ];
subtracting the welding loss of the steel bars from each component by 0.06, and adding a component 1 to the final vector to obtain a vector A which is 8.948.9411.9411.9420.5320.531;
setting a supremum vector and a infimum vector of each vector, wherein the supremum vector is lb＝[0 0 0 0 0 0 1.11]，ub＝[1 11 1 1 1 inf]；
Calling an internal function intlinprog of Matlab to carry out optimization to obtain a variable YT＝[0 0 1 1 0 0 1.86]。
The results show that only the variable y3、y4The corresponding raw material steel bar participates in the whole steel bar combination, namely the raw material vector [ 99121220.5920.59]Only the 3 rd and 4 th senses participate in the combination, so that the whole reinforcing steel bar is combined into [ 1212 ]]And adding the optimal solution 1.86 of the length of the steel bar to be cut left after cutting to obtain: the 25.74m steel bar to be blanked is formed by combining 12m, 12m and 1.86m steel bar to be blanked, and the steel bar to be blanked is continuously taken out until the whole vector of the steel bar to be blanked is traversed.
According to the embodiment, the method for combined blanking of the steel bars has the advantages that:
1) from the use condition of the whole steel bar statistics, 3268 raw material steel bars used in the whole steel bar combination process account for 83% of the total 3936 raw material steel bars used in the whole project, which shows that the whole steel bar use proportion is high in the blanking list, so that the cutting and welding times are effectively reduced;
2) through optimization calculation, the residual 4.51m steel bars in the previous batch are completely used up, and the requirements of owners are met;
3) the steel bar waste of the whole project is 0.58%, which is much lower than 5% of the existing commercial software.
The using quantities of the raw material reinforcing steel bars in different periods are shown in the following table 4:
table 4:
| length of reinforcing bar | Number of combined whole reinforcing bars | Number in final Blanking List | Total number of reinforcing bars of raw material |
| 20.59 | 70 | 681 | 957 |
| 12 | 698 | 731 | 1000 |
| 9 | 593 | 617 | 1000 |
| 4.51 | 1907 | 1907 | 1907 |
| Total of | 3268 | 3936 | 4864 |
In order to solve the problem that the length of the steel bars to be cut and the column vector formed by the optimized steel bars to be cut are welded in the beam span, the following method is adopted for optimization calculation:
splitting the length of the steel bar to be cut left after cutting according to a preset splitting threshold value;
case 301: for the steel bars to be blanked after cutting, the length of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is larger than or equal to a preset splitting threshold value, the minimum waste rate of the steel bars is taken as a target, the welded joint is not in the beam span as a constraint, the length of each steel bar to be blanked after cutting is combined into a hard constraint by two sections of steel bars at most, the steel bar to be blanked after cutting is solved by using a corresponding lingo model, and the steel bars to be blanked after cutting and a corresponding blanking combination result are output;
for example: assuming that the loss of a welded joint is 0.06m, the length of the steel bar to be blanked after cutting is 4.5m, and 9m and 12m of raw material steel bars exist in the length of the remaining raw material steel bars, the minimum waste rate of the steel bars is taken as a target, the welded joint is not in a beam span as a constraint, and the obtained steel bar optimized combination can be as follows: 3m from a 9m long bar of the raw material and 1.56m from a 12m long bar of the raw material.
The concrete measures are as follows: one of the steel bars is in the interval [35d + s, L/2-H ], the other steel bar is in the interval [ L/2+ H, L ], wherein L is the beam span, and H is the beam height;
specifically, the applicable lingo model is as follows:
0≤Tj≤1
Xij＝KijYij+(1-Kij)Zij
Kij0 or 1
XijThe length ratio of the jth raw material steel bar in the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting is represented; y isijRepresenting the ratio of the jth raw material steel bar used in the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting; zijThe length ratio of the first section of the steel bar to be blanked left after the ith cutting to the jth raw material steel bar is represented; t isjIndicating the proportion of the jth raw material steel bar used; pjRepresenting the length of the jth raw material reinforcing steel bar; q (i) represents the length of the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting; m represents the total number of raw material reinforcing steel bars; n represents the total number of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting; h represents the beam height; kijIs a 0, 1 variable; d represents the diameter of the raw material reinforcing bar.
Before establishing the nonlinear lingo model, the following steps should be carried out:
counting the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked and the corresponding number of the steel bars, wherein the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked are greater than or equal to a preset splitting threshold;
storing the length of the raw material steel bars and the length of the steel bars to be cut and left to be blanked into two columns in the same excel file, and arranging the lengths in a descending order;
the excel file which stores the length of the raw material steel bar and the length of the residual blanking steel bar after cutting is cut into a plurality of subfiles, and the method requires that: each subfile comprises 50-60 pieces of length data of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting, and the difference between the length sum of the original material steel bars in each subfile and the length sum of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is less than or equal to 10.
Case 302: and for the steel bars to be blanked after cutting, the length of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is less than the preset splitting threshold value, the minimum waste rate of the steel bars is taken as a target, the length of each steel bar to be blanked after cutting is only combined by one steel bar to form a hard constraint, the steel bar to be blanked after cutting is solved by using a corresponding lingo model, and the steel bars to be blanked after cutting and the corresponding blanking combination result are output.
The following specific lingo model was used:
0≤Tj≤1
(35d+s)/Pj≤Xijless than or equal to 1 or Xij＝0
In the formula: xijThe length of the jth raw material steel bar is represented by the ratio used in the length of the steel bar to be blanked left after the ith cutting; t isjIndicating the proportion of the jth raw material steel bar used; pjRepresenting the length of the jth raw material reinforcing steel bar; q (i) represents the length of the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting; m represents the total number of raw material reinforcing steel bars; n represents the total number of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting; d represents the diameter of the raw material reinforcing bar.
Before establishing the nonlinear lingo model, the following steps should be carried out:
counting the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked and the corresponding steel bar numbers of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked, wherein the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked are less than a preset splitting threshold value;
storing the length of the residual raw material steel bar and the length of the cut residual steel bar to be blanked into the same excel file;
splitting the excel file into a plurality of subfiles, and requiring that: each subfile comprises 50-60 pieces of length data of the steel bars to be cut and left to be blanked;
dividing the number of the steel bars corresponding to the length of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting by the number of the subfiles to obtain the number of the steel bars to be blanked in each subfile according to the length of each steel bar to be blanked; for the case of incomplete division, the remainder portion is assigned to the last subfile.
Wherein the preset splitting threshold is more than 2(35d + s). The method for judging whether the welding node is positioned in the beam span comprises the following steps:
calculating the number of the raw material steel bars included in the raw material steel bar blanking combination result;
for the combined result of the raw material steel bar blanking with the number of the steel bar sections more than 10:
extracting the first 10 elements and carrying out full arrangement;
the remaining elements not extracted are added at the end of each permutation, constituting 10! A permutation and combination;
consider the loss of a welded joint, judge 10! Whether a certain permutation combination exists in the permutation combinations meets the condition that all welding nodes are not located in the beam span:
if so, replacing the raw material steel bar blanking combination result by the permutation and combination;
otherwise, the first 10 elements are re-extracted starting with the second element and fully aligned, and the remaining elements are added at the end of each alignment, forming a new 10! The new 10! Whether a certain permutation combination exists in each permutation combination meets the condition that all welding nodes are not positioned in the beam span, and so on until the judgment of all permutation combinations is completed;
if the situation that the welding node is in the beam span exists in all the permutation and combination, the fact that the welding node is in the beam span exists in the steel bar welding of the beam is indicated;
and (3) for the raw material steel bar blanking combination result with the steel bar number less than or equal to 10: and (3) directly performing full-array calculation, and judging whether a certain array meets the condition that all welding nodes are not in the beam span: if so, replacing the raw material steel bar blanking combination result by the permutation and combination; otherwise, the welding node in the beam span exists in the steel bar welding of the beam.
Combining the combined blanking results to obtain a part of raw material steel bar cutting method shown in table 5, a part of steel bar blanking list shown in table 6,
table 5: method for cutting part of raw material reinforcing steel bar
| Raw material reinforcing steel bar | 20.59 | 20.59 | 20.59 | 20.59 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 9 | 9 |
| Section 1 | 7.08 | 5.14 | 7.77 | 7.08 | 6.17 | 2.5 | 6.17 | 6.17 | 4.78 | 7.54 |
| Section 2 | 4.3 | 4.64 | 5.39 | 4.09 | 2.92 | 2.4 | 2.92 | 2.92 | 4.16 | 1.2 |
| Section 3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 3.11 | 3.02 | 2.91 | 2.4 | 2.91 | 2.91 | ||
| Section 4 | 2.64 | 4.11 | 1.86 | 1.83 | 2.4 | |||||
| Section 5 | 2.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.59 | ||||||
| Section 6 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.49 | 2.27 | ||||||
| Section 7 | 1.3 | |||||||||
| Waste amount | 0.07 | 0 | 0.06 | 0.19 | 0 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0.06 | 0.26 |
Table 6: part waiting blanking reinforcing steel bar blanking list
In conclusion, the steel bar cutting machine can reduce the waste of steel bars to the maximum extent and reduce the cutting times and the welding times. And the material cost and the labor cost are reduced. And combining the optimization results of the three steps to obtain a steel bar blanking list and a steel bar cutting method. The statistical calculation shows that the steel bar waste rate is 0.58%, the cutting times are 3880, and the number of welded nodes is 4158. Therefore, the invention not only greatly reduces the steel bar waste rate and the cost of cutting and welding workers, but also effectively solves the problem that the welding node is in the beam span.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The steel bar blanking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the collection treats unloading reinforcing bar length and raw and other materials reinforcing bar length, will treat unloading reinforcing bar length and raw and other materials reinforcing bar length and carry out comparison one by one:
case 1: if the length of the steel bar to be blanked is not greater than that of the raw material steel bar and the length of the residual raw material steel bar after cutting is less than or equal to a set threshold value, outputting a matching result of the steel bar to be blanked and the raw material steel bar;
case 2: for the steel bar to be blanked which can not be blanked according to the situation 1, the following method is adopted for combined blanking:
the length of the residual raw material steel bars after combined cutting is minimum and is less than or equal to a set threshold value, and the construction shape is AeqX＝BeqThe mathematical matrix model of (2); wherein: a. theeqIs a matrix constructed according to the length of the raw material reinforcing steel bars by considering the loss of welding nodes, X is a matrix formed by the minimum length of the residual raw material reinforcing steel bars after combined cutting and a logic vector representing whether the raw material reinforcing steel bars participate in combined blanking, BeqThe method comprises the following steps of (1) constructing a matrix according to the length of a steel bar to be blanked by considering the loss of welding nodes;
solving X by using an intlinprog function in matlab, acquiring a corresponding raw material steel bar blanking combination, and outputting a steel bar to be blanked and a corresponding raw material steel bar blanking combination result;
case 3: for the steel bars to be blanked which are not matched with blanking according to the situations 1 and 2, the following method is adopted for combined blanking:
firstly, constructing the shape of A 'by taking the minimum length of the steel bar to be blanked after cutting as a target'eqY＝B′eqThe mathematical matrix model of (2); wherein: a'eqIs a matrix constructed according to the length of the raw material steel bar by considering the loss of welding nodes, Y is a matrix formed by the minimum length of the steel bar to be blanked after combined cutting and a logic vector representing whether the raw material steel bar participates in combined blanking, and B'eqIs a matrix constructed according to the length of the steel bar to be blanked;
solving Y by using an intlinprog function in matlab to obtain a corresponding raw material steel bar blanking combination; and judging whether the welding node is in the beam span: if the problem that the welding spot is in the beam span does not exist, outputting a combined result of the steel bar to be blanked and the blanking of the corresponding raw material steel bar, otherwise, the blanking result is invalid, and entering the next step;
the method comprises the steps of taking the minimum waste rate of steel bars as a target, taking the welded joint not in a beam span as a constraint, taking the maximum combination of two sections of steel bars as a hard constraint for each cut residual steel bar to be blanked or taking the minimum waste rate of the steel bars as a target, taking the combination of only one section of steel bar as a hard constraint for each cut residual steel bar to be blanked, solving the blanking combination of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked by adopting a pre-established corresponding lingo model, and outputting the cut residual steel bars to be blanked and a corresponding blanking combination result;
wherein: and (3) the length of the steel bar to be blanked left after cutting is equal to the length of the steel bar to be blanked, the length of the raw material steel bar participating in blanking combination and the number of steel bar nodes is s, and s represents the loss of the welding nodes.
2. The method for blanking steel bars according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the blanking combination of the raw material steel bars in case 2 comprises the following steps:
dividing the length of the steel bar to be blanked by the minimum value of the raw material steel bars, and taking an integer upwards to obtain the maximum possible number M of the raw material steel bars of each length participating in blanking combination in the calculation;
for the length of each raw material steel bar, M raw material steel bars are copied, welding node loss is subtracted respectively, a row vector is constructed, and an element-1 is added to the last column of the row vector, namely the vector Aeq，
In the formula: p represents the total length type of the raw material reinforcing steel bar under the current situation; a. the1、A2……ApThe lengths of the raw material steel bars are respectively used for representing p lengths;
constructing a column vector X by taking whether the raw material steel bar participates in steel bar combination blanking as a column vector and taking the minimum value of the lengths of the residual raw material steel bars after combination cutting as the last row,
X＝[x1x2…xp*Mxp*M+1]T
in the formula: x is the number of1、x2……xp*MIs 1 or 0: when the value is 1, the expression is AeqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar participates in blanking combination; when the value is 0, A is representedeqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar does not participate in blanking combination; x is the number ofp*M+1Representing the minimum value of the length of the residual raw material steel bar after combined cutting;
construction B by subtracting welding node loss from length of steel bar to be blankedeqVector, BeqB-s, wherein B represents the length of the steel bar to be blanked;
according to AeqX＝BeqAnd calculating a column vector X by using an intLinprog function in matlab, and outputting a raw material steel bar blanking combination result according to the column vector X.
3. The steel bar blanking method according to claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the blanking combination of the raw material steel bars by constructing the mathematical matrix model in case 3 comprises the following steps:
dividing the length of the steel bar to be blanked by the minimum value of the raw material steel bars, and taking an integer downwards to obtain the maximum possible number N of each raw material steel bar participating in blanking combination in the calculation;
for the length of each raw material steel bar, copying N, subtracting welding node loss respectively, constructing a row vector, and adding an element 1 in the last column of the row vector, namely a vector A'eq，
In the formula: q represents the total length type of the raw material steel bar under the current situation; a'1、A'2……A'qThe lengths of the raw material steel bars are respectively used for representing q lengths;
using whether the raw material steel bar participates in the steel bar combination blanking as a column vector, using the minimum length of the steel bar to be blanked after the combination cutting as the last line, constructing a column vector Y,
Y＝[y1y2…yq*Nyq*N+1]T
in the formula: y is1、y2……yq*NIs 1 or 0: a 'when the value is 1'eqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar participates in blanking combination; a 'when the value is 0'eqThe middle corresponding raw material steel bar does not participate in blanking combination; y isq*N+1Represents the minimum length y of the steel bar to be blanked after combined cuttingq*N+1Not less than 35d + s; d represents the diameter of the raw material steel bar;
taking the length of the steel bar to be blanked as B'eqVector quantity;
according to A'eqY＝B′eqAnd calculating a column vector Y by adopting an intLinprog function in matlab, and outputting a raw material steel bar blanking combination result according to the column vector Y.
4. The steel bar blanking method according to claim 1, wherein the method for solving the blanking combination of the steel bars to be blanked left after cutting by using the lingo model in case 3 comprises the following steps:
splitting the steel bars to be cut left after cutting according to a preset splitting threshold value;
case 301: for the steel bars to be blanked after cutting, the length of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is larger than or equal to a preset splitting threshold value, the minimum waste rate of the steel bars is taken as a target, the welded joint is not in the beam span as a constraint, each steel bar to be blanked after cutting is combined into a hard constraint by two steel bars at most, the blanking combination of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is solved by using a corresponding lingo model, and the steel bars to be blanked after cutting and the corresponding blanking combination result are output;
case 302: for the steel bars to be blanked after cutting, the length of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is less than the preset splitting threshold value, the minimum waste rate of the steel bars is taken as a target, each steel bar to be blanked after cutting is only combined by one section of steel bar to form hard constraint, the blanking combination of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is solved by using a corresponding lingo model, and the steel bars to be blanked after cutting and the corresponding blanking combination result are output;
the preset splitting threshold value is more than 2(35d + s), and d represents the diameter of the raw material steel bar.
5. The steel bar blanking method according to claim 1, wherein the method for judging whether the welding joint is positioned in the beam span comprises the following steps:
calculating the number of the raw material steel bars included in the raw material steel bar blanking combination result;
for the combined result of the raw material steel bar blanking with the number of the steel bar sections more than 10:
extracting the first 10 elements and carrying out full arrangement;
the remaining elements not extracted are added at the end of each permutation, constituting 10! A permutation and combination;
consider the loss of a welded joint, judge 10! Whether a certain permutation combination exists in the permutation combinations meets the condition that all welding nodes are not located in the beam span:
if so, replacing the raw material steel bar blanking combination result by the permutation and combination;
otherwise, the first 10 elements are re-extracted starting with the second element and fully aligned, and the remaining elements are added at the end of each alignment, forming a new 10! The new 10! Whether a certain permutation combination exists in each permutation combination meets the condition that all welding nodes are not positioned in the beam span, and so on until the judgment of all permutation combinations is completed;
if the situation that the welding node is in the beam span exists in all the permutation and combination, the fact that the welding node is in the beam span exists in the steel bar welding of the beam is indicated;
and (3) for the raw material steel bar blanking combination result with the steel bar number less than or equal to 10: and (3) directly performing full-array calculation, and judging whether a certain array meets the condition that all welding nodes are not in the beam span: if so, replacing the raw material steel bar blanking combination result by the permutation and combination; otherwise, the welding node in the beam span exists in the steel bar welding of the beam.
6. The steel bar blanking method according to claim 4, wherein the non-linear lingo model established in the case 301 is specifically as follows:
0≤Tj≤1
Xij＝KijYij+(1-Kij)Zij
Kij0 or 1
XijThe length ratio of the jth raw material steel bar in the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting is represented; y isijRepresenting the ratio of the jth raw material steel bar used in the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting; zijThe length ratio of a first section of steel bar of the steel bar to be blanked left after the ith cutting to the jth raw material steel bar is represented; t isjIndicating the proportion of the jth raw material steel bar used; pjRepresenting the length of the jth raw material reinforcing steel bar; q (i) represents the length of the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting; m represents the total number of raw material reinforcing steel bars; n represents the total number of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting; h represents the beam height; kijIs a 0, 1 variable; d represents the diameter of the raw material reinforcing bar.
7. The steel bar blanking method according to claim 4, wherein the non-linear lingo model established by the situation 302 is specifically as follows:
0≤Tj≤1
(35d+s)/Pj≤Xijless than or equal to 1 or Xij＝0
In the formula: xijThe length ratio of the jth raw material steel bar in the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting is represented; t isjIndicating the proportion of the jth raw material steel bar used; pjRepresenting the length of the jth raw material reinforcing steel bar; q (i) represents the length of the steel bar to be blanked after the ith cutting; m represents the total number of raw material reinforcing steel bars; n represents the total number of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting; d represents the diameter of the raw material reinforcing bar.
8. The method for blanking steel bars according to claim 4, characterized in that the following process should be done before the non-linear lingo model is built in the situation 301:
counting the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked and the corresponding number of the steel bars, wherein the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked are greater than or equal to a preset splitting threshold;
storing the length of the raw material steel bars and the length of the steel bars to be cut and left to be blanked into two columns in the same excel file, and arranging the lengths in a descending order;
the excel file which stores the length of the raw material steel bar and the length of the residual blanking steel bar after cutting is cut into a plurality of subfiles, and the method requires that: each subfile comprises 50-60 pieces of length data of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting, and the difference between the length sum of the original material steel bars in each subfile and the length sum of the steel bars to be blanked after cutting is less than or equal to 10.
9. The method for blanking steel bars according to claim 4, characterized in that before the non-linear lingo model is established in the situation 302, the following process is carried out:
counting the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked and the corresponding steel bar numbers of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked, wherein the lengths of the cut residual steel bars to be blanked are less than a preset splitting threshold value;
storing the raw material steel bars and the cut steel bars to be blanked into the same excel file;
splitting the excel file into a plurality of subfiles, and requiring that: each subfile comprises 50-60 pieces of length data of the steel bars to be cut and left to be blanked;
dividing the number of the reinforcing steel bars corresponding to the remaining reinforcing steel bars to be blanked after cutting by the number of the subfiles to obtain the number of the reinforcing steel bars to be distributed in each subfile of the remaining reinforcing steel bars to be blanked after cutting; for the case of incomplete division, the remainder portion is assigned to the last subfile.
10. The method for blanking steel bars according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the set threshold is w% of the minimum value of the length of the steel bars to be blanked, 35d + s, 0.4, all of which are in meters, wherein w% is the preliminary estimated steel bar waste rate, and d is the diameter of the steel bars as the raw material.
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| US8991133B2 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2015-03-31 | Raylate Brooks | Concrete lumber replacement |
| CN108360890A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-03 | 湖北文理学院 | A kind of parking systems |
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