CN109730334B

CN109730334B - Striking formula walnut shell breaking machine

Info

Publication number: CN109730334B
Application number: CN201910126910.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 战强; 许钦桓
Original assignee: Beihang University
Current assignee: Beihang University
Priority date: 2019-02-20
Filing date: 2019-02-20
Publication date: 2021-04-06
Anticipated expiration: 2039-02-20
Also published as: CN109730334A

Abstract

The invention relates to an impact type walnut shell crusher which comprises a rack assembly, an impact shell crushing assembly, a feeding and discharging assembly and a shell panel assembly, wherein the rack assembly is used for connecting and fixing other assemblies, the impact shell crushing assembly is used for crushing walnut shells, the feeding and discharging assembly is used for leading in walnut shells and leading out walnut shells after crushing, and the shell panel assembly is used for packaging the whole machine so as to improve the safety and the attractiveness of the walnut shell crusher. The walnut shell breaking machine can be used for single family families, walnut shelling assembly lines and other occasions, can adapt to walnut shell breaking of different varieties, and can finish shell breaking of walnuts with different walnut shell thicknesses and different sizes by adjusting the position of the distance-adjustable nut in the impact shell breaking assembly. The walnut shell breaking machine adopts an elastic impact method to break the shells of walnuts, is reasonable in structural layout, low in noise, high in safety and high in peach kernel integrity rate, can assist or replace manual work to complete the shelling and kernel taking of different varieties of walnuts, and improves the shelling efficiency of walnuts.

Description

Striking formula walnut shell breaking machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical engineering and agricultural production, in particular to a device capable of crushing walnut shells and obtaining peach kernels through impact.

Background

With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the value and function of the walnut are gradually known and valued, and the demand of domestic and foreign markets for the walnut and the processed products thereof is increasing day by day. The walnut cultivation area is large in China, the yield is high, but the domestic walnut post-harvest treatment technology is relatively backward, particularly, the deep processing of walnut related products is restricted by the link of shell and kernel separation, the walnut varieties in various areas are complicated, the size difference is large, the shape is irregular, the gaps between shells and kernels are small, and the difficulty in breaking the shells and taking the kernels of the walnuts is increased.

At present, the development of the domestic nut shelling technology is slow, and the walnut shelling is still manually carried out in partial areas, so that the efficiency is low and the labor intensity is high. Although some walnut shelling equipment is also developed, the problems of low shelling rate, high loss rate, poor integrity of peach kernels, poor machine universality and the like exist. Therefore, the walnut shelling machine which can ensure the integrity of the peach kernels and has strong universality is very necessary for improving the walnut shelling efficiency.

In patent application, separation of shells and kernels is mostly pursued, and the effect of completely taking kernels is difficult to achieve. Chinese patent with application number CN201620176792.2 discloses a walnut shell crusher for breaking walnut shells in an extrusion mode, which is simple in operation method and attractive in appearance, but has strict requirements on the size of walnuts; chinese patent with application number CN201711001020.0 discloses a portable walnut shell breaking machine for household use, which reduces a breaking cavity by pressing a pressing plate, so that walnuts positioned in the breaking cavity are extruded and broken, broken walnut shells and walnut kernels do not splash, the breaking effect is good, but the shell breaking efficiency is too low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an impact type walnut shell breaking machine, which aims to solve the problems of low shelling efficiency, high breaking rate of peach kernels, poor universality and the like of the conventional walnut shell breaking equipment and aims to improve the walnut shelling efficiency and liberate labor force.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the impact type walnut shell crusher consists of a rack assembly, an impact shell crushing assembly, a feeding and discharging assembly and a shell panel assembly. The rack assembly is divided into an upper part and a lower part, mounting hole positions are arranged on the rack assembly, and other assemblies of the walnut shell crushing machine are fixed on the rack through the corresponding mounting hole positions; when the walnut shell crusher works, the walnut shell crusher is started through a starting button on the shell panel component; walnuts are poured into the feeding hopper, the poke rod moves back and forth to avoid the blockage of the walnuts and ensure that the walnuts smoothly fall into the piston cylinder sleeve; the impact shell breaking assembly orderly impacts the walnuts falling into the piston cylinder sleeve through the combined action of the driving cam, the driving spring and the blocking piece to complete shell breaking of the walnuts; the walnut after shell crushing falls into the discharge hopper, and enters into a container for containing the walnut after being guided by the discharge hopper. Carrying handles are respectively arranged at two ends of the top of the walnut shell crusher, so that the machine can be conveniently moved and carried; four support lower margins are installed to the bottom, can adapt to uneven ground environment for placing of walnut broken shell machine is more steady.

The rack assembly comprises an upper side support, a lower side support and a moving support and is used for installing and fixing a functional assembly of the walnut shell crushing machine; the moving bracket is fixed at the bottom side of the lower bracket and is used for installing and fixing a transmission device in the impact crushing shell assembly; the upper side support and the lower side support are connected through bolts and nuts, and the detachable structure facilitates installation and maintenance of each functional component.

The impact shell breaking assembly comprises an impact device and an adjusting device, ordered impact of walnuts can be guaranteed in the walnut shell breaking process, and the shell breaking effect can be prevented from being influenced by the impact of two or more walnuts.

Furthermore, the impact device is composed of a motor support, a motor, a driving belt wheel, a driving cam belt, a cam rotating shaft, a bearing seat, a driving cam, a cam roller, a roller support, a pitch adjusting nut, a buffer gasket, a vibration reduction block, a driving spring, a spring baffle, a piston cylinder sleeve, an impact rod and an impact block. The motor is fixedly connected with the motion bracket through the motor bracket, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the driving belt wheel, the driving belt wheel is connected with the cam rotating shaft through a driving cam belt, and the driving cam is fixedly connected on the cam rotating shaft to realize the rotation of the driving cam; the piston cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower side support, the impact rod can slide in the piston cylinder sleeve, and the lower side of the impact rod extends out of the roller support fixedly connected with the impact rod and used for supporting the cam roller; the driving spring is arranged on the impact rod, the rotation of the driving cam can drive the impact rod to compress the driving spring through the cam roller, and after the driving cam rotates for a certain angle, the impact rod is released, and the impact action of the impact rod is completed by the driving spring; install buffer spacer and roll adjustment nut in impact bar one end, buffer spacer can reduce the instantaneous impact force of striking, reduces the noise of striking, and the roll adjustment nut then can be through the striking stroke of adjusting the impact bar, finely tunes the distance between impact bar and the striking piece to adapt to not unidimensional walnut.

Furthermore, the adjusting device consists of a linkage spring, a connecting rod, a baffle, a bracket beam and a return spring. One end of the linkage spring is connected with the roller wheel bracket fixed on the impact rod, and the other end of the linkage spring is connected with the connecting rod which is hinged on the piston cylinder sleeve and can rotate around a hinged point; separation blade one end is passed through reset spring and is linked to each other with the support crossbeam that links firmly on the downside support, relies on connecting rod and reset spring, and the separation blade can reciprocating motion, realizes adjusting the frequency that the walnut falls into the piston cylinder liner, guarantees going on in order of the garrulous shell of walnut.

The feeding and discharging assembly comprises a feeding hopper, a toggle cam belt, a toggle cam, a toggle bearing seat, a toggle rod, a toggle roller, a toggle rod pulling piece, a toggle rod tension spring and a discharging hopper. The feeding hopper is fixedly connected with the upper side support and used for containing walnuts to be crushed, and the feeding hopper has a certain gradient and can enable the walnuts to automatically roll into the piston cylinder sleeve; the toggle cam is supported by the toggle bearing pedestal and is fixedly connected on the lower bracket, and is connected with the cam rotating shaft through a toggle cam belt to realize the rotation of the toggle cam; the poking roller is fixedly connected to the tail end of the poking rod and is in contact with the poking cam, one end of a poking rod tension spring is connected to a poking rod pull piece fixed on the upper side support, and the other end of the poking rod tension spring is connected with the poking rod; go out the hopper and install in impact pole and striking piece below, link firmly with the downside support, the walnut that the broken shell was accomplished falls into out the hopper, gets into in the container that holds the walnut through going out the hopper direction.

The shell panel component consists of a shell, a safety socket, a starting button, a carrying handle and a supporting foot margin. The shell is a semi-closed box body and is fixedly connected to the rack, and the front side panel is provided with a safety socket and a mounting hole for a starting button; the safety socket and the starting button are arranged at corresponding positions of the shell, the safety socket is mainly used for inputting an external power supply, and the safety socket can automatically disconnect a circuit when short circuit occurs; the start button is used for controlling the start and stop of the walnut shell crusher; the carrying handles are arranged at the two ends of the top of the upper side support frame, so that the machine can be conveniently moved and carried; four support lower margins are arranged at the bottom of the lower side support and are used for supporting the machine, so that the machine can adapt to uneven ground environment, and the walnut shell crushing machine is more stable to place.

The impact type walnut shell crusher has the advantages that:

the impact type walnut shell crusher impacts walnuts by using the elastic force of the spring, the walnut shells are instantaneously impacted and broken, the walnut kernels can be prevented from being crushed by extruding for a long time, and the higher whole kernel rate can be ensured; the machine can adjust the impact stroke according to different walnut sizes, is not limited by the walnut sizes, and has strong universality; at the striking position, be equipped with damping piece and buffer pad, not only can reduce the instantaneous impact force of walnut broken shell in-process, can also reduce the noise effectively. Generally, the impact type walnut shell breaking machine is reasonable in structural layout, small in noise, high in safety, high in peach kernel integrity rate by using an elastic impact method, capable of assisting or replacing people to complete shell breaking and kernel taking of different kinds of walnuts, capable of improving shell breaking efficiency of walnuts, and important in practical value and good in application prospect.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. The specific structure of the present invention is given by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the impact walnut shell crusher of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the external structure of the impact walnut shell crusher of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the power transmission device of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the impact crushing shell assembly of the present invention.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4.

In the figure, 1, a supporting foot pin, 2, a safety socket, 3, a starting button, 4, a carrying handle, 5, an inlet hopper, 6, a poking rod, 7, a machine shell, 8, an outlet hopper, 9, a driving cam, 10, a cam rotating shaft, 11, a bearing seat, 12, a cam roller, 13, a poking cam belt, 14, a roller bracket, 15, a driving cam belt, 16, a driving belt wheel, 17, a motor bracket, 18, a motor, 19, a vibration damping block, 20, a distance adjusting nut, 21, a buffer gasket, 22, a spring baffle, 23, a bracket cross beam, 24, a piston cylinder sleeve, 25, a reset spring, 26, a baffle, 27, a connecting rod, 28, a poking cam, 29, a poking roller, 30, a striking rod, 31, a striking block, 32, a linkage spring, 33, a driving spring, 34, a lower side bracket, 35, an upper side bracket, 36, a moving bracket, 37, a poking rod, 38, a pulling, 39. a pulling rod tension spring.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the moving bracket 36 is fixedly connected to the lower bracket 34, and the lower bracket 34 is fixedly connected to the upper bracket 35 to form a frame assembly; the four supporting feet 1 are arranged at the bottom end of the lower side bracket 34 and are uniformly distributed at four corners to support the whole machine; the motor 18 is fixed on the moving bracket 36 through the motor bracket 17, the output shaft of the motor 18 is fixedly connected with the driving belt wheel 16, the motion is transmitted to the cam rotating shaft 10 through the driving cam belt 15, the cam rotating shaft 10 is supported and fixed on the moving bracket 36 through two bearing seats 11, and the driving cam 9 is fixedly connected with the cam rotating shaft 10; the piston cylinder sleeve 24 is fixedly connected to the lower side support 34, the impact rod 30 can slide in the piston cylinder sleeve 24, the impact block 31 and the impact rod 30 are concentric and fixedly connected to the rear side of the upper side support 35, one end of the impact rod 30 penetrates through a spring baffle 22 fixedly connected to the lower side support 34, and a buffer gasket 21 and a distance adjusting nut 20 are installed; toggle cam 28 is supported and fixedly connected to the upper side of lower side support 34 by virtue of toggle bearing seat 38, toggle cam 28 is connected with cam rotating shaft 10 by virtue of toggle cam belt 13, toggle rod tension spring 39 is connected with toggle rod pulling piece 37 at one end and toggle rod 6 at the other end, and can complete the reciprocating movement of toggle rod 6 by matching with toggle cam 28.

As shown in fig. 2, the casing 7 is a semi-closed box body, and is fixedly connected with the rack assembly, the safety socket 2 and the start button 3 are installed at a corresponding installation hole at one side of the casing 7, so as to realize the input of an external power supply and the start-stop control of the walnut shell crusher, the two carrying handles 4 are installed at the tops of two ends of the machine, and the four supporting feet 1 are installed at four corners of the bottom end of the machine, so as to form a casing panel assembly; go into hopper 5 and install in the machine upside, and go into hopper 5 and have certain slope, cooperation poker rod 6's reciprocating motion can guarantee the smoothness nature of broken shell of walnut.

As shown in fig. 3, an output shaft of the motor 18 is fixedly connected with a driving pulley 16, the cam rotating shaft 10 is supported by two bearing blocks 11, the driving pulley 16 is connected with the cam rotating shaft 10 through a driving cam belt 15 to realize motion transmission, and the driving cam 9 is fixedly connected with the cam rotating shaft 10 and rotates together with the cam rotating shaft 10; the piston cylinder sleeve 24 is fixedly connected to the frame assembly, the impact rod 30 can slide in the piston cylinder sleeve 24, the roller bracket 14 fixedly connected with the impact rod 30 extends out of the lower side of the impact rod 30 and is used for supporting the cam roller 12 and driving the cam 9 to rotate, and the impact rod 30 can be driven to move through the cam roller 12; one end of a linkage spring 32 is connected with the roller bracket 14 fixed on the impact rod 30, the other end is connected with a connecting rod 27, the connecting rod 27 is hinged on the piston cylinder sleeve 24 and can rotate around a hinged point, and the other end of the connecting rod 27 is provided with a long slotted hole which can slide relative to the baffle 26; one end of the baffle 26 is connected with a bracket beam 23 fixedly connected with the rack assembly through a return spring 25, and the baffle 26 can move back and forth by virtue of a connecting rod 27 and the return spring 25; the toggle cam 28 is connected with the cam rotating shaft 10 through a toggle cam belt 13 to realize the rotation of the toggle cam 28; the toggle roller 29 is fixedly connected to the end of the toggle rod 6 and is in contact with the toggle cam 28, and the rotation of the toggle cam 28 can drive the toggle rod 6 to move.

As shown in fig. 4, the driving spring 33 is mounted on the striking rod 30, and the spring baffle 22 is fixedly connected with the piston cylinder sleeve 24 and used for limiting the driving spring 33; the driving cam 9 rotates, the striking rod 30 is driven by the cam roller 12 to compress the driving spring 33, and after the driving cam 9 rotates for a certain angle, the striking rod 30 is released, and striking action of the striking rod 30 is completed by the driving spring 33; a buffer gasket 21 and a distance adjusting nut 20 are arranged at one end of the impact rod 30, the buffer gasket 21 can reduce impact force at the moment of impact and reduce impact noise, and the distance adjusting nut 20 can finely adjust the distance between the impact rod 30 and the impact block 31 by adjusting the impact stroke of the impact rod 30 so as to adapt to walnuts of different sizes; the impact rod 30 and the impact block 31 are provided with ball sockets, so that the force applied to the walnut shell is more uniform when the walnut is impacted.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a broken shell machine of striking formula walnut which characterized in that: the impact type walnut shell crushing machine comprises a rack assembly, an impact shell crushing assembly, a feeding and discharging assembly and a shell panel assembly, wherein the rack assembly comprises an upper side support, a lower side support and a moving support, the moving support is fixedly connected to the lower side support, the upper side support and the lower side support are connected through bolts and nuts, the assembly and the maintenance of each assembly are facilitated through a detachable structure, the impact shell crushing assembly comprises an impact device and an adjusting device, the impact device can generate instant impact force to crush walnut shells, the adjusting device can adjust the frequency of the walnut falling into the impact device to ensure the ordered impact of the walnut, and can avoid the simultaneous impact of two or more walnuts to influence the shell crushing effect, and the feeding and discharging assembly comprises a feeding hopper, a shifting cam belt, a shifting cam, a shifting bearing seat, a shifting rod, The stirring cam is supported by a stirring shaft bearing seat and fixedly connected to the lower side bracket, and is driven by a stirring cam belt to realize the rotation of the stirring cam; the poking roller is fixedly connected to the tail end of the poking rod and is in contact with the poking cam; one end of the poke rod tension spring is connected to a poke rod pull piece fixed on the upper bracket, and the other end of the poke rod tension spring is connected with the poke rod; the shell panel assembly comprises a shell, a safety socket, a starting button, a carrying handle and a supporting foot margin, wherein the shell is fixed on the frame assembly and used for packaging the whole walnut shell crusher; the device comprises an upper side support, a lower side support, a carrying handle, a connecting rod, a support beam and a return spring, wherein the carrying handle is arranged at two ends of the top of the upper side support, so that the device is convenient to move and carry; one end of the impact rod is provided with a buffer gasket and a distance adjusting nut; the collision device and the adjusting device are matched with each other, when the collision rod collides with a walnut, the baffle plate is opened, the walnut falls to the upper part of the collision rod, when the collision rod resets, the baffle plate is closed, the walnut in the feeding hopper does not fall any more, the walnut falling to the upper part of the collision rod continuously falls to enter the piston cylinder sleeve for next collision, and the collision is carried out in a reciprocating manner, so that the ordered collision and shell crushing of the walnut are ensured; the buffer spacer can reduce the instantaneous impact force of striking, reduces the noise of striking, and the distance adjusting nut then can be through the striking stroke of adjusting the impact bar, finely tune the distance between impact bar and the striking piece to adapt to not unidimensional walnut.

2. The impact walnut hull breaking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the impact device comprises a motor support, a motor, a driving belt wheel, a driving cam belt, a cam rotating shaft, a bearing seat, a driving cam, a cam roller, a roller support, a distance adjusting nut, a buffer gasket, a vibration reduction block, a driving spring, a spring baffle, a piston cylinder sleeve, an impact rod and an impact block, wherein the motor is fixedly connected with the moving support through the motor support, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the driving belt wheel, the driving belt wheel is connected with the cam rotating shaft through the driving cam belt, and the driving cam is fixedly connected on the cam rotating shaft to realize the rotation of the driving cam; the driving spring is arranged on the impact rod, drives the rotation of the cam, drives the impact rod to compress the driving spring through the cam roller, and after the driving cam rotates for a certain angle, the impact rod is released to complete the impact action under the action of the spring force.

3. The impact walnut hull breaking machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the impact rod and the end face of the impact block are provided with hemispherical concave surfaces, so that the contact area between the impact rod and the walnut is increased, and the stress of the walnut shell is more uniform when the walnut is impacted.

4. The impact walnut hull breaking machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the shape of the driving cam is semicircular, sector ring or arc.